US2379407A - Packaging machine - Google Patents

Description

E D. ANGELI.

PACKAGING MQHINE July 3', 1 945.

5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Aug. 6. 1945 July 3,1945- a n. ANGELL- 2,379,407

PACKAGING AcHInE Filed Aug. 6, 194s' l 5 sheets-sheet 2 July 3 1945- y A a D; ANGELI. 2,379,407 PACKAGING MACHINE l Filed Aug. 6. 194; 5 snetsneet s July 3, 1945.

',-Efg

I I I I E. D. ANGELL PACKAGING .MACHINE '5 Sheets-Sheet 4 'Filed Aug. 6. 194s July 3, 14945.

E. D. ANGELI. 2,379,407 s,

PACKAGING MACHINE Filed Aug. 6., 1943 5 Sheets-Sheet 5y Patented July 3, 1945 sich atraco? meneame tracteurs Elvin Dennis Angell, hicago, El., assigner to @verlamd @andy tlorporatiora mileage, El, a

corporation of illinois Application August 6, 11.9%, Serial Nol. 491mg c Claims.

The present invention relates to packaging inachines for small articles, such as confectlons, gum, or tiny toys, and other novelties, and is also concerned with improved methods of packaging such i articles. i

Lnachher object of the invention is the provision ci an improved package which is more regular in its characteristics and shape than the pact;- aees which are made by hand, and which is adapted to contain a. plurality of relatively small :3

light articles, such as candy,gum, or tiny toys, but which also occupies a relatively large space, as the size and hulk ci the package to be sold increases its attractiveness as a salable article.

Another object of the invention is the provision of an improved machine for packaging small articles, which is simple, sturdy, and which has the parts winch determine its characteristics of operation adjustable so that it may be made to pack# d@ age such articles automatically at a faster rate,.

in greater volume, and at a lower.` cost than can be accomplished by the usual manual methods.

Other objects and advantages of the invention Fig. l is a top plan view of a machine embodying the invention; f

Fig. 2 is a side elevational view of the machine;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view, taken on the plane ci the line 3 3 of Fig. l, looking in the one the Objects of the invention is the pro- .5 direction of the arrows. Showing the details Gf vision ci an improved machine which is adapted 'CORSFUCMQH 0f the right end of the machine and to maire a relatively iight package by rolling a the Supply 0l WP?? Shieis with which the Pc" small sheet of paper and turning in the ends so age? We mme; that the machine may be used for making these w F15- is gmntary Seclongl View @936D- paclsages candy, gum, tiny toys, or other light 0n the mme O the 1111 @-t or Fis. 3, looking in Nmes patate of being held n Such a packaga the direction ci the arrows, showing the details mother object ot the invention is the provision 0I "Onstlucwm of the frame and ma guides which or a machine of the class described, which is Sum-Ort the paper at that Wim;

adapted to effect an automatic feed oi sheets oi is Flg- 5 is a mfgmenmy Vertical sctlpnl View 'saper m a stack. of such sheets, and which ,taken on; the man? of the1m@ O Fig-{Jlofk to cms@ .the Sht to progress along ingin the direction oi the arrows, showing thev o f. where articles to he packaged can be aags, at the time they miv@ progessed w a the sheet while the sheet is being mspnm' and have, been man mt@ a' iubeg] il rolled :into atube in one'oi the steps 20 mg 6 lgs a Simugrcm-gmmtgr Semana View of the formation ci the package.. .tamil mi he plne 0L. the me @""UO 2 160k .another object ci the invention is the provision g 33% disefgesuff ging; ci an imoroved machine which is adapted to carry y k out e, novel method or packaging, by means of ufgln'sisglmy w me gommg the rolling ci the sheet into 'tubular form 2c w L taires place simultaneously with the progress ci wh-251g a'drr eggtmhiew 05;?! the from its position in a stach or sheets to th@ @gewi nds ae @med .lmm taeln .me Q' .'-s l v v a liner. position where the rolled` sheet has its plan@ of the im@ 7 7 of Fig 6; ends turned in hy the inachme to complete the w pg S is a fragmenten] horizontal Sectmng goa-cirage. p,

view,I showing the same tube and the package at the time two c-the end portions on one side ci the package have already been folded inward.

Fig. 9 is a similar viewl showing the package n after the other two end portions have also been i folded inward so that thepackage is practically completed;

Fig. l0 is a fragmentary elevational view, taken on the plane of thc line lt-lt oi Fig. l, looking in the direction of the arrows, showing the gears which actuate the folding nngers;

Fig. il is a fragmentary sectional view of the guides and conveyor chain of the machine, taken on the plane of the line li--ll of Fig. l, looking in the direction of the arrows;

f Fig. 12 isV a series of views located to correspond to the position of the paper andA package on the machine of Fie. 1, showing the formation of the packagesgas they progress through the machine will be apparentV from the following description 59 from the beginning to the end; and the accompanying drawings, in which similar characters of reference indicate similar partsv throughout the several views.

Referring to the rive sheets of drawings which accompany this specification,

Fig. 13 is a view in'perspective of one of the packages; and f Fig.- 14 is a transverse sectional view take on the plane ofthe line M-M of 1, showing the 55 nshape ofl th guides 8|, 82 at that point.

Y prise approximately one-fourth Referring to Figs. 8, 9, and 13. these are views which show the characteristics of the package which the present machine is adapted to make. 'Ihe sheet of paper used for making the package is shown in Fig. 12 and indicated by the numeral at the right as being a rectangular sheet, which may be substantially square. The size and shape of this sheet and its dimensions depend upon the size of the package which it is desired to make, and the machine may have its parts proportioned for making any particular size of package.

'I'he sheet 20is preferably rolled into substantially cylindrical form, as shown in Fig. 13, to

make a package 2|, in which a considerable party of the adjacent edge portions of the sheet are overlapped in the cylinder so that the paper will be held in this position when its ends are folded inward.

The amount of overlap is shown in Fig. 5, where it is apparent that the overlapping portions comof the periphery of the cylinder. In the making of such packages by hand the practice o1' the employees varies, as some of them fold each end of the package in twice, and some go so far as to fold it in three times; but it is lfound that if the package or cylinder is folded in twice, that is, inwardly from each of the opposite sides of the cylinder at each end, this is sufficient to hold the 'paper in the folded position with such light articles in the package as are intended to be used. For example, the package 2| is shown in section in Fig. 9, and a folded portion 22 on one side is preferably folded inward until it wedges against the folded portion 23 from the opposite side. 'I'his also drawsinward those parts of the paper which are located above and below this end of the package and indicated by numerals 24 and 25, and the two folded portions 22, 23 tend to wedge against each other when the articles engage them, and tend to push them out. The stiffness of these folded portions or aps 22, 23 and their wedging position tends to preserve the package at this end, and the same is true of similar parts at the other-end. When both ends of the package or tube are folded in, as shown in Fig. 13, in this manner, the tendency for the cylinder to unroll is prevented by the folded portions at each'en'd, and thus the package is preserved in its finished condition.

The materials which are packaged are4 preferably small and light pieces of oonfection,indi cated at 26, 21,' or tiny and light toys 28, which do not actually occupy all of the space in `the package, and the package itself is an attractive, salable article because of its large bulk and attractive appearance in comparison with the price for which it may be sold. Y

Referring now to Figs. 1 and 2, the machine i ing a shaft 52.

The shaft 52 carries a pair of sprocket wheels 53, 54, which are keyed to the shaft, and the shaft also carries a pair of feed wheels 55, 56, each of which has a rubber feed segment 51 on its periphery for engagement with the sheets of paper contained in the hopper 58.

The shaft 52 may be driven by an electric motor directly or through the intermediary of gears so that the sprockets are driven at a suitable speed for progressing the conveyor belts along the machine. At its opposite end the framework of the machine is provided with suitable bearings for a sprocket'shaft 6|, which carries another pair of sprockets 62, 52 (Fig. 2).

The sprocket chains, of which there are two, are indicated by the numerals 63, 64, and they may be of the ordinary type usually employed on sprocket wheels of bicycles and other similar devices, except that the chains are long enough to extend twice the full length of the machine, forming a complete closed loop about the sprockets at both ends of the machine.`

The two chains are arranged side by side, being carried by the sprockets 53, 54, which are similarly arranged; and at regularly spaced intervals one of the pivot pintles of each of the chains has been removed and replaced by an elongated pintle, which not only provides the pivot for a corresponding link of each chain, but it lxedly supports a jaw member 66 that also serves as a spacer for supporting the two chains in predetermined spaced relation to each other.

'Ihe next pivot pintle 61 is employed for holding a second jaw member 68, which takes the form of an angle, so that its upper arm 89 extends over the jaw B6, the top of the jaw 66 and the arm 69 serving to grip the paper as it is being carried along the machine.

The jaw 68,;'5 spring-pressed by means of any suitable spring |,6|, which urges the jaw 68 into engagement with the block 66 so that ordinarily the two jaws are resiliently pressed together to grip a piece of paper located between them, and the paper is only released when some means is uised to move the jaw 68 out of its gripping posit on.

This releasing means may consist of a xed cam member 'l0 carried by a longitudinally extending frame member of the machine and having an upper camming surface 'l2 which slopes adapted to make such packages is preferably provided with a supporting frame, indicated in its entirety by the numeral 3D. This supporting frame may be provided with a plurality of vertically extendinglegs at 3| to 38, at each of the corners of the machine, and at the frame has transverse upper such' as those shown at 39-42.

The transverse frame members, legs, and longitudinal frame members 43-46 are all secured frame members each point where ,f

together by welding or bolts, as shownyand they may each consist of one or more angle irons suitgated to support the conveyor belt and other mechanism further to be described.

" ably secured together and braced to provide a` upward from the end 73 `to The movable jaw 68 may also be beveled at 15 so that the beveled surface l5l acts as a camming surface, being adapted to engage the leading end 13 of the cam 70 to move the jaw 6B to the posi- .tion of Fig. 3 at the same time a piece of paper 20 is projected between the jaws by the wheels the opposite end 14.

'55 and 5E.

The frame members 49 and 5U also support a suitable bracket 'I6 (Fig. 1) for supporting the paper hopper 58. This may consist of a box-like metal member, lthe upper end of which is open for reception of the sheets 20, and the lower end of which is open to permit them to be fed to the l, conveyor belts.

At theright end ofthe machine (Fig, 3) the paper hopper 58 is provided with a paper retainframe members 48, 4| may `vided with `gradually increasing ing point 11, which is sharp enough to penetrate the lowermost sheet and to extend into the other sheets of the stack of paper. The stack of sheets rests on the point 11 and also upon the two feeding wheels 55, 56.

The operation of these elements is as follows: When the feed wheels rotate, the rubber segment 51 engages the lowermost sheet on its bottom side; and due .to the frictional resistance to slipping between the sheet of paper and the rubber segment 51, this lowermost sheet is caused to move with the feeding wheels 55, 58.

The friction between the rubber and the lowermost sheet is sumcient to cause the paper to tear of! the point 11, but this does not apply t0 the next sheet, as the lowermost sheet slips freely with respect to the next remainder of the stack 58, and one sheet is fed from the bottom of the stack each time the feeding wheels 55, 58 rotate and bring the rubber segment 51 into engagement with the paper.

The top of the machine between the transverse consist of a pair of at table members 18, 19 suitably supported by the longitudinal frame members 44, 48 and additional longitudinal frame members at the middle of the machine, which are separated sufilciently to provide a continuous slot 88 extending from one end of the machine adjacent the sprockets 53, 54 to 4sheet above it. Thus the the other end of the machine at the sprockets 52.

This slot 88 is of -suiiicient width to permit the gripping blocks 88 and movable jaws 88 which connect the two chains together to project upward into the slot 88 sufficiently so that the upper surface of the block 88 isl ush with the bottom surface of a pair of guide members 8|, 82.

The guide members 8 I, 82-may be made of sheet metal, and they are preferably provided with the inwardly turned guide flanges 83, 84 at their outer is retained in the hopper edges for guiding thej edges of the paper as it slides along the guides 8|, 82. These backwardly turned edge portions 83, 84 form grooves 85 in which the .edges of t e paper 4sheets 28 slide.-

The shape of `the guide members 8|, 82 varies from the right end of the left end, and the shape at the right end may be substantially flat or slightly concave, as shown in Fig. 4, so that a piece of paper lies substantially fiat and open at the right end of the machine, just after it has been fed to the conveyor.

Referring to Fig. 4, the longitudinally extending frame members at the center of the machine are there indicated by the numerals 88, 81. They also have' the slot 88 between them, and they are provided with the guide blocks 88, 88 for supporting the sprocket chains 83, 84.

The spring |8| is shown as being coiled-about the pintle 81 on both sides of the movable jaw 88, which at that moment is shown in the open position of Fig. 3. l 1

As the guide members 8|, 82 for the paper extend toward the left in Fig. 1, they are proeurvature and gradually overlapped with each other until, at the point 88, these guide members have formed a cylinder out of the paper with the edges overlapping.

The progressive changein shape of the paper 28 as it progresses fromthe right-hand position in Fig. 12' to a position under the numeral 88 in Fig. l2, shows how it is rolled into a cylinder by these guides as the paper is drawn longitudinally ot the machine by the chain conveyor.

The cylindrical end 88 of the-guide members the machine (Fig. l) to ing structure for 8|, 82 projects into a supporting member comprising a block 88 having a cylindrical bore 8| and provided with a tubular metal lining 82, which abuts against the ends of the guides 8|, 82.

For convenience in observing the operation of the machine this block 88 may be provided with a handle 83, and the block may be held in place by means of a stirrup 84 and set screw 85 so that the machine can be opened at this point.

' The tubular member 82 is likewise provided with a slot 88 extending longitudinally of the tube 82 at its lower side and registering with the slot 88 between the supporting blocks 88, 88 for the conveyor chains. When the paper has been formed into Va tube,

second tubular member 81 (Fig. 6Vand Fig. I'1), which is carried by the frame members 88, an'd which is provided with suitable driving arrangements and fingers 88 to |82 (Fig. 8) for folding the ends of the package inward.

Like the tube 82, the tubular member 81 has a slot |83 extending along its lower side for passage of the paper gripping members 88 and 88 so that the paper is drawn into the tube 81 as the' conveyor progresses. The tube 81, however, is also provided with four apertures |84 oppositely located in its sides adjacent both of the ends of the -tube 81 to permit the fingers 88|82 to operate inside the tube 81.

The apertures r|84 for the nearest set of ngers 88|8| are located inwardly of the end of the tube 81, while the apertures |84 for the fingers |88 and |82 take the form of slots, extending inwardly from the right end of the tube 81 (see Fis. 1)

'I'he machine cam ||8 for operating on the jaws 88, 88 and releasing the paper; and this cam ||8 is located at such a point that the paper is released with its ends in substantial registry with the ends of the iingers that are to turn in the ends of the package.

The cam Fig. 3 except that at piece of paper within their grip, .and engagement of themovable jaw 88 by meansof itscamming surface 18 with the cam ||8 serves to open the jaws and release the paper instead of permitting the closure of the jaws on the paper, as is the case at the cam 18.

The gears for actuating the fingers 88|82 are preferably supported by a suitable auxiliary frame III, which may be carried from the frame members 88. 81 of the machine by means of a plurality of columns ||2. The columns ||2 support a bearing plate H3, forming a part of the gear frame IH, and the bearing plate ||3 may |8 works exactly like the cam 18 of be provided with a pair of bearings ||4, ||8 ior' the nnger shafts I 8. |1.

The shaft ||8 supports the finger |82 at its lower end, and the shaft ||1 supports the finger |88 at its lower end.

There are similar bearings ||4, ||l (not shown in Fig. 6) for supporting similarshafts ,||8, ||1 for the other two nngers 88 andv |,8|. The drivthe fingers 88, |8| is substantially the same as that for fingers |88, |82, except as to the timing, which will be further described.

The shafts-I i8, ||1 are each provided above the bearing-plate ||3 with a bevel gear ||8, the gear havin! its hub pinned to the shaft in'each ease. At its upper end each shaft is provided with an auxiliary bearing ||8 carried by the bearing plate |28.'vl At side of the machine there are bear-- is also provided with a .es-,tomi` that time the Jaws have a each block rotatably supports a pair of horizontal shafts |23.

Each of the horizontal shafts |23 is provided on its inner end with a bevel gear |24. In this case also the bevel gears have their hubs geared or keyed to the shafts |23. Those shafts |23 are adapted to drive the fingers 99| 02.

In order that they may perform this function, the shafts are provided with spur gears (Fig. 1), indicated by the numerals |25-|28. The spur gears on each side of the machine mesh with each other so that gears |25, |26 mesh with each other and are driven together; and the gears |21, |28 mesh with each other, and are driven together.

These gears are also xedly mounted on the shafts |23. Thus two of the shafts |23, which are located farthest from the right end of the machine, are also provided with a second smaller spur gear |20, |30. Each spur gear |29 meshes with a gear sector |3|, |32. The gear sectors |3|, |32 are also mounted on suitable auxiliary shafts |33 so that they may be separately actuated by suitable cams to actuate the 'fingers on the opposite sides of the package at different times.

Due to the extent to which the fingers 99,

must project into'the tube 91, there would be no room for the fingers |0|, |02 at the sametime. Therefore, the first lingers, which may be the fingers 99, |00, must perform their functions first and be withdrawn before the fingers |0|, |02 can come into play. Each gear sector |3|, |32 has its shaft |33 secured to a crank arm |34, which is provided with a crank shaft |35 and roller |36.

The roller |3|- and crank shaft |35 is in each case mounted in the groove |31 of a cam wheel |38, and the groove |31 may extend concentrically with respect to the center of the cam wheel |38, except for a hump at |39 on each cam wheel, where the cam is intended to actuate the gear sector.

The gear sectors |3|, |32 may be mounted for rotation on their shafts |33, and the connection between the crank arms |34 and the gear sectors |3|, |32 may be by way of a coil spring |40, one

end of which is attached to a hook |4| on the gear sector, the other end of which is attached to a hook |42 on the crank arm |34.

The spring may be located in an arcuate groove |43 formed on the edge of the gear sector |32. Thus the fingers 99|02 will be resiliently actuated into their operating positions by means of springs |40, and no damage will result in case the cams are not properly timed so that the fingers do not interfere with each other.

The cam wheels |38 may be mounted on the same shaft |44, which is rotatably mounted in suitable bearings carried by the frame 30, but the actuating hump |39 of one cam is angularly or rotatively spaced with respect to the other cam so that the fingers on one side of the folding mechanism will be operated first, and will be Withdrawn before the other fingers are operated.'

As shown in Fig. l, the shaft |44 may also carry a sprocket wheel |45 for the chain |46, tI-e chain extending about a sprocket wheel |41 carried by the shaft 6|. The shaft 6| may carry at its opposite end a friction clutch |48, one disc |49 of y which is pinned to the shaft, and the other disc of which is secured to a sprocket wheel |5|, which is mounted for free rotation on the shaft The clutch discs |49. lso are urged together by means of a spring |52 bearing on the side face of the sprocket wheel |5| and reacting against a pair of adjustable lock nuts |53. The sprocket wheel |5| may be driven from a relatively small sprocket |54 carried by a shaft |55 having a large V pulley |56 driven by belt |51.

The belt |51 is driven by a spring-pressed pulley |58 carried by the motor shaft |59, which is driven by the motor |60. The conveyor chains 63, 64 extend about their sprockets, and are supported with tlze upper part of the conveyor chain loop in plane position on the guide blocks 88, 89. The lower returning portion of the conveyor chains hangs down below the upper part of the frame 30, and is preferably acted upon by a fixed brush |10, which removes any small pieces of merchandise or paper or other foreign matter that might have became caught on the conveyor chain by-reason of its being dropped by an operator, or by s'ome other accident.

The bristles of the brush |10 sweep the chain as it passes and make sure that there is nothing on the chain which might clog the mechanism or engage between the chain and sprocket as the chain passes upward about the sprocket at the right end of the machine.

The paper-holding jaws 66, 58 are located at regularly spaced points along the conveyor chains, as shown in Fig. 2, and thus the conveyor chain is adapted to receive and carry the paper along the machine as it is periodically fed to the conveyor by means of the feed wheels.

The operation of the machine may be briefly described as follows: Through the system of sprocket wheels and belts and chains the motor is adapted to drive the conveyor sprockets and chains at a predetermined rate of speed, which is slow enough to permit the operators of the machine to place the merchandise on the paper, after the paper has been ejected from the stack by the feed wheels and placed on the guides 8 l, 02.

Two operators are usually required for placing the merchandise ori the paper for each package at the preferred rate of operation of the machine. Another operator is required at the discharge end of the machine for taking the packages oil the conveyor and packing them in suitable boxes.

My machine is capable of replacing about ten women operators who are trained in packaging the material by hand, and such a saving in labor naturally results in a saving in the cost of the packaging of the product.

The motor |60 is preferably mounted on a carr riage |1| carried by the bed |12, and the carriage |1| may be adjusted by means of a crank |13 connected to a screw shaft |14 having a follower carried by the carriage |1 l.

The motor pulley is of the spring type. Increased tension on the belt |51 will cause this pulley to expand, and reduce its effective diameter; and thus the speed of operation may be adjusted by the location of the motor |60.

As the chain conveyor passes up over the sprockets 53, 54 at the right-end of themachine, the paper-gripping jaws 58, 66 are so located with respect to the location of the chain on the sprockets and the location of the rubber segment 51 on the feed wheels 55, 56 that a piece of paper is withdrawn from the stack of paper 20 in the hopper 58 at such height that the leading edge of the paper is driven between the jaws 60, 66 at a time-when they are open, as shown in Fig. 3.

Immediately after the paper is located between the jaws 66, 68, the Jaws cam surface 15 passes olf the cam 10,-and the Jaws are closed by the spring |i. 'I'he stack of paper is centrally located over the slot 80, which extends longitudinally of the machine, and the width of the guide members 8|, 82 is such that the paper may be received with its edges in the grooves 85.

As the conveyor progresses toward the left in Fig. 1, the paper is gradually curved by the guide members 0|, 32 until its edges are overlapped, as shown in Fig. 12, below the numeral 89; and the paper has then assumed a cylindrical shape.

While this is going on, the operators have placed the merchandise on the paper, and the gradual curving of the paper to cylindrical form causes the merchandise to center midway between the edges of the paper.

The conveyor with its jaws continues to draw the paper into the tubular members 92 and 91, and when the paper has reached a proper position, with its ends registering substantially with the movable edges of the fingers 99|02, the second cam ||0 engages the cam surface i5 on the movable jaw 08 and separates the jaws S0, 60 to release the paper and leave it in the tube 91.

The paper gripping :lawsv 66, 60 are regularly spaced longitudinally of the conveyor chain, and

are located to grip and convey another piece of paper each time the feed wheels 55, 58 make a rotation. Thus there is a constant stream of paper for packaging which moves across the top of the machine and is formed into cylindrical shape.

When a paper tube has reached its stationary position in the tube9l, one of the cam wheels, such as, for example, the cam wheel |38 at the top ofFig. 1, iirst reaches the position Iby which the hump |39 (Fig. 2) actuates the roller |38 and crank arm |34 in a counterclockwise direction in Fig. 10.

This causes the spring |40 to exert a pull on the gear sector |32, and the gear sector |32 is rotated counterclockwise through a lpredetermined arc, which eiects a rotation of the gear may be discharged from the left end of the machine or it may be picked up by the operator before it is discharged and the packages are packed in a box.

The method of packaging may be briefly summarized as follows: Sheets of paper are conveyed in a steady stream along a horizontalsupport, and are exposed in a -concave condition for receiving merchandise for a predetermined period of time. During the act of conveying, these sheets of paper are simultaneously curved into a cylindrical tube, with substantial portions overlapping; and thereafter the outside wall portions on one side of the paper cylinder are simultaneously folded into the paper tube to form a part of the end wall. Immediately thereafter the other two opposite end portions of the paper tube are also simultaneously folded inward and past the end portions, which have been previously folded so as to wedge against them to complete the pack-, y

age.

This differs, of course, from the usual manual way of making such a package, in `which the operator places the merchandise on a flat` sheet,

. cylindrical |23 and the gears |25, |20 on that side of the machine.

Simultaneously with this movement the two shafts |23 on that side Aol! the machine are actuated, driving bevel gears |20 and I|8 and shafts H3 through the same arc of movement to cause the fingers 99, |00 to move from the position of Fig. 6'inward to the position of Fig. 8. As this movement of the fingers 99, |00 takes place, the lingers engage that side of the paper tube and fold a portion of the paper wall inward to the position of Fig. 8, after which, as the cam |39 continues its movement, the roller |36 resumes its forward position andthe gear sector |32 resumes its former position, moving the nngers back and outward to the position of Fig. 9.

Immediately thereafter, the other pair of fingers |0| |02 are actuated in a similar manner by the cam on that side of the machine; and these lingers |0|, |02 moveiinto the position of Fig. 9 to fold the adjacent portion of the paper cylinder wall into the paper tube.

This turning in of the end walls of the' paper is'carried to such a point that the folded paper portionsv 22, 23 wedge against each other; and due to their stiffness, they cannot again be forced outward by pressure of the merchandise inside the package because such merchandiseis' not heavy enough to crumble these portions 22, 2 3 and force them outward.

At this time the package is finished and it is ejected from the tube 91 by" the next oncoming cylindrical member so that the finished package rolls it to cylindrical form, tions of one end with two or three operations, and thereafter turns in wall portions of the other end with two or three operations.

The present machine makes packages of more regular contour and more standar@ characteristics than the packages which are made by hand; and it also saves a great deal of laborand results in a lower cost of operation.

It will thus be observed that I have invented an improved method of making packages of light form for relatively light merchandise, such as small pieces of confection, gum, or tiny toys. The packaged articles made by my machine are regular in shape and attractive to prospective purchasers, and the merchandise can be sold at a lower cost, due to the saving in labor which is effected by means of my method and claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates, is:

1. A machine for packaging comprising a suitable supporting frame, a conveyor and a support for packages, said support having 'a slot extending in the direction of movement of said conveyor, said conveyor being located toI extend longitudinally of the machine below the/slot in said package support, said package support comprising a pair of guidemembers and said guide members being gradually curved from a shallow convex curvature vtowar each other to form an overlapping cylindrical guide, and means carried by said conveyor for conveying' a sheet of wrapping material. longitudinally of said guide members whereby the shet is formed into a cylinder with overlappingl edge portions.

2. -A machine for packe comprising a suitable supporting frame, a conveyor and a support for packages. said support havinga'slot extending in the direction-of movemen .of said conveyor.

lsaid conveyor being located to extend longitudinally o! the machine below the slot in said packturns in the wall por-- each other and overlappingl age support, said package support comprising a pair of guide members and said guide members being gradually curved from a shallow convex curvature toward each other and overlapping each other to form an overlapping cylindrical guide, means carried by said conveyor for conveying a sheet of lwrapping material longitudinally of said guide members whereby the sheet is formed into a cylinder with overlapping edge portions, and means for folding in each of the end portions of said cylinder.

3. A machine for packaging comprising a suitable supporting frame, a conveyor and a support for packages, said support having a slot extend-A ing in the direction of movement of said conveyor, said conveyor being located to extend longitudinally of the machine below the slot in said package support, said package support comprising a pair of guide members and said guide members being gradually curved fromfa shallow convex curvature toward each other and overlapping each other to form an overlapping cylindrical guide, means carried by said conveyor for conveying a sheet of wrapping material longitudinally of said guide members whereby the sheet is formed into a cylinder with overlapping edge portions,

and means for folding in each of the end portions of said cylinder, said latter means comprising a pair of ngers on each side of the cylinder located to engage a portion of the cylinder which is longer than the radius of the cylinder.

4. A machine for packaging comprising a suitable supporting frame. a conveyor and a support for packages, said support having a slot extending in the direction of movement of said r-onvevor. said conveyor being located to extend longitudinally of the machine below the slot in said package support, said package support comprising a pair of guide members and said guide members being gradually curved from a shallow convex curvature toward each other and overlapping each other to form an overlapping cylindrical guide. means `carried by said conveyor for con-- veying a sheet of wrapping material longitudinally of said guide members whereby the sheet is formed into a cylinder with overlapping edge portions, and means for folding in each of the end portions of said cylinder, said latter means comprising a pair of lingers on each side of the cylinder located to engage. a portion ofthe cylinder which is longer than the radius of the cylinder, the iingers on one side being actuated and returned before the fingers on the other side are actuated.

5. A machine for packaging, comprising aI suitable supporting Irame. a conveyor and a support for packages, said support havinga slot extending` in the direction of movement of said conveyor, said conveyor being located to extend longitudinally of the machine below the slot in said package support, said package support comprising a pair of guide members and said guide members being gradually curved from a shallow'convex curvature toward each other and overlapping each said cylinder, said latter means comprising a pair of ngers on each side of the cylinder located to engage a portion of the cylinder which is longer than the radius of the cylinder, and cam means for actuating the fingers on the opposite sides of the cylinder at different times.

6. A machine for packaging comprising a suitable supporting frame, a conveyor and a support for packages, said support having a slot extending in the direction of movement of said conveyor, said conveyor being located to extend longitudinally of the machine below the slot in said package support, said package support comprising a pair of guide members and said guide members being gradually curved from a shallow convex curvature toward each other and overlapping each other to form an overlapping cylindrical guide, and means carried by said conveyor for conveying a sheet of wrapping material longitudinally ot said guide members whereby the sheet is formed into a cylinder with overlapping edge portions, said latter means comprising a fixed and a movable jaw carried by said conveyor.

7. A machine for packaging comprising a suitable supporting frame, a conveyor and a support for packages, said support having a slot extending in the direction of movement of said conveyor, said conveyor being located to extend longitudinally of the machine below the slot in said package support, said package support comprising a pair of guide members and said guide members being gradually curved from a shallow convex curvature toward each other and overlapping each other to form an overlapping cylindrical guide, means carried by said conveyor for conveying a sheet of wrapping material longitudinally of said guide members whereby the sheet is formed into a cylinder with overlapping edge portions, said lattermeans comprising a ilxed and a movable jaw carried by said conveyor, said movable jaw being spring-pressed, and cam means carried by said supporting frame for actuating said movable jaw as it passes said cam means to open the jaws.

8. A machine for packaging comprising a suit able supporting frame, a conveyor and a support for packages, said support having a slot extending inthe direction of movement of said conveyor, said conveyor being located to extend longitudinally of the machine below the slot in said package support, said package support comprising a pair of guide members and said guide members being gradually curved from a shallow convex curvature toward each other and overlapping each other to form an overlapping cylindrical guide, means carried by said conveyor for conveying a. sheet of wrapping material longitudinally of said guide members whereby the sheet is formed into a cylinder with overlapping edge portions, said latter means comprising a xed and a movable jaw carried by said conveyor, said movable jaw being spring-pressed, cam means carried by said support-frame for actuation said movable jaw as it passes said cam means to open the jaws, means for supporting a supply of paper sheets located at the feeding end of said machine, `and feed means for removing sheets consecutively from said supply and for projecting them between said jaws while the jaws are open.

y ELVIN DENNIS ANGELL

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