Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C10L1/1811—Organic compounds containing oxygen peroxides; ozonides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen

Definitions

• This invention relates to Diesel fuels containing a knock depressor, and more'particularly deals with such fuels containing a small amount of a peroxide of a branched chain aliphatic hydrocarbon.
• hydrocarbon peroxides and other organic peroxides have the property, when dissolved in hydrocarbon Diesel fuels, of acting as ignition accelerators 'oi the latter, i. e., they
• ignition accelerators 'oi the latter i. e., they
• Our invention comprises hydrocarbon Diesel fuels of relatively high octane numbers containing an added small amount, i. e., about /;%-5%, and preferably 1%-3%, of peroxide of a hydrocarbon having an aliphatic tertiary carbon atom, wherein the percxy radical connects two tertiary carbon atoms.
• the peroxides used in this invention are produced by slow, non-explosive. oxidation of a hydrocarbon containing at least one tertiary carbon atom of aliphatic character in the presence 01a hydrogen halide, particularly hydrogen bromide, or a compound capable of yielding such hydrogen halide under operating conditions.
• each R represents a like or-difierent islexceedingly dangerous unless they are highly cal, two of which may together form an alicyclic ring, and which radicals may be further substituted, for instance, by the presence of one or more halogen, nitrogen or oxygen atoms which are attached to one or more of the carbon atoms of such radicals.
• a preferred class of organic compounds which may be used as a'starting material comprises the saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons containing at least one tertiary carbon atom. Specific examples of the latter are isobutane, 2-methyl butane, 2-ethy1 butane,
• the oxidation may be efiected in the liquid or vapor phase or both, vapor phase being preferred.
• vapor phase being preferred.
• some acids, ketones and aldehydes are produced; however, a: substantial portion of the reaction product consists of the peroxides employed in this invention, which, it is believed, may be represented by the formula:
• each R again represents a like or difie'rent hydrocarbon radical which may or may not be further substituted.
• Preferred compounds carbon atoms. These compounds are waterwhite, oil-soluble, water-insoluble liquids having ,of the polymers, or resulting from the alkylation of isobutane with butylenes, or other alkylate gasolines having relatively wide boiling ranges.
• carbons may be oxidized to produce the peroxides useful in accordance with this invention.
• the Diesel fuels may contain addialkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alicyclic or heterocyclic raditional additives, such as anti-oxidants,.e. e.,
• the temperature of the oxidation is normallyare the symmetrical, saturated, di(tertiary alkyl) peroxides having not more than about 24 various alkyl phenols such as xylenols, trimethyl phenol, 2,4-dimethyl-6-tertiary butyl phenol, 4-methyl-2,6-ditertiary butyl phenol, etc; aromatic amines, preferably secondary aromatic amines, such as N ,N' dibutyl phenylene diainine, diphenylamine, phenyl alpha naphthylamine, alpha alpha, alpha beta, or beta beta.
• various alkyl phenols such as xylenols, trimethyl phenol, 2,4-dimethyl-6-tertiary butyl phenol, 4-methyl-2,6-ditertiary butyl phenol, etc
• aromatic amines preferably secondary aromatic amines, such as N ,N' dibutyl phenylene dia
• dinaphthylamines amino phenols, such as benzyi' para amino phenol, etc.
• anti-corrosive agents such as dicarboxylic acids having at least 16 carbon atoms, e. g., alkyl succinic acids
• a Diesel fuel of improved cetane number comprising a predominant amount of a hydrocarbon Diesel fuel and a cetane improving amount of a peroxide of a hydrocarbon having at least one aliphatic tertiary carbon atom, the peroxy radical in said peroxide connecting two tertiarycarbon atoms.
• a Diesel fuel of improved cetane number comprising a predominant amount of a hydrocarbon Diesel fuel and a cetane improving amount of a peroxide of a chlorinated hydrocarbon having at least one aliphatic tertiary carbon atom, the peroxy radical in said peroxide connecting two tertiary carbon atoms.
• a Diesel fuel of improved cetane number comprising a predominant amount of a hydro-' carbon Diesel fuel containing about A;%5% of a peroxide of a hydrocarbon having atleast one aliphatic tertiary carbon atom, the peroxy radical in said peroxide connecting two tertiary carbon atoms.
• a Diesel fuel of improved cetane number comprising a predominant amount of a hydrocarbon Diesel fuel containing about 1%-3% of a peroxide of a hydrocarbon having at least one aliphatic tertiary carbon atom, the peroxy radical in said peroxide connecting two tertiary carbon atoms.
• a Diesel fuel of improved cetane number comprising a predominant amount of a hydro- The cetane number of the fuel carbon Diesel fuel and a cetane improving amount of a peroxide of a hydrocarbon having not more than 12 carbon atoms and at least one aliphatic tertiary carbon atom, the peroxy radical in said peroxide connecting two tertiary carbon atoms.
• a Diesel fuel of improved cetane number comprising a predominant amount of a hydrocarbon Diesel fuel and a cetane improving amount of a peroxide of compounds having the formula wherein the several R's represent hydrocarbon radicals, the peroxy radical of said peroxide connecting two of said compounds through their tertiary carbon atoms.
• a Diesel fuel of improved cetane number comprising a predominant amount of a hydrocarbon Diesel fuel and a cetane improving amount of a peroxide obtained by slow oxidation of a hydrocarbon containing at least one aliphatic tertiary carbon atom.
• a Diesel fuel of improved cetane number comprising a predominant amount of a hydrocarbon Diesel fuel and a cetane improving amount of'a peroxide having the formula wherein the several R's represent hydrocarbon radicals.
• a Diesel fuel of improved cetane number comprising a predominant amount of a hydrocarbon Diesel fuel and a cetane improving amount of a symmetrical peroxide having not more than 24 carbon atoms and the formula wherein the several Rs represent hydrocarbon radicals.
• a Diesel fuel of improvedcetane number comprising a predominant amount of a hydrocarbon Diesel fuel oil and a cetane improving amount of a di-isobutane peroxide wherein the peroxy radical connects two tertiary carbon radicals.
• a Diesel fuel of improved cetane number comprising a predominant amount of a hydrocarbon Diesel fuel oil and a cetane improving amount of di-isopentane peroxide wherein the -peroxy radical connects two tertiary carbon radicals.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Emergency Medicine (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
• Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=23886670

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Cited By (3)

• 0
  • NL NL63850D patent/NL63850C/xx active
• 1943
  • 1943-02-08 US US475215A patent/US2378341A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1944
  • 1944-05-24 GB GB10061/44A patent/GB578170A/en not_active Expired

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