US2377737A

US2377737A - Firearm

Info

Publication number: US2377737A
Application number: US495255A
Authority: US
Inventors: David M Williams
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1939-12-13
Filing date: 1943-07-19
Publication date: 1945-06-05
Anticipated expiration: 1962-06-05

Description

Patentecl June 5, 1945 unimi)I STAT Es i PMEN FIREARM David Williams, Godwin, N.z @riginal appI-i'eat-ion=December"V Iii-532 SerfaNm- 308,929'. Divided and thisrapp'li'catiommlw 19;'. 19.43;, Serial", N0. 495,255

.roam-s. (cm2-sr This. invention relates to firearms and` narticf-f ularlytnose. ortne typewnereintneienergtrof the explosion.v ot oafrtrid'ges. of: varying. lengths or? energly and" power" is used tof perfor-ni tli'ef operations incidentto reloading the firearm preparation f'orf the: next slciot;`l

Iilii'slY application, isi aY division: of.' applic'ant'sA copending applica-tion, Serial Number it`08g929,y fll'e'd Deeein'iber 135 193 9i and'r issued; as Paten-t2 No;A 253365,1'46;v Becember 'l1 1943i.

ItI is to2 be'. understood, however; that the. inten-- tion. naarr be appliedi to. any' type oi lreanny insiedi-figg.n for. example. rines; Shotguns; rnacninegl'lnaband guns, etoftliesetbeingf merely i-llll'straA tive.v

In an.. anitoloadingfrearma of. trie'. type wherein a single shot is to be red at a tilfney il? is desired `A that positive. means be providecliV tor prevent: more than one sh'ot to' bei flred. at ai single`` pull? of the: triggerz Itcis also importanti and.' desirable'. that the in@ arm' be; sof designed and?- construotedi as to2 be easily and: cheaply' manufactured anni assembled and simple to take apart andf reassemblel.Y

These'. and? other objects will; appear tite fol; lowingdesenibtion annzdrawingswni'eli are: merely illustra'ti'te. I

lnith'adrawing? Y Figa r i's a: fragm'entarysectional: elevationwitn action openz and a2 cartridge ready toibo ear'- riod into-i tiiei chamber by" the boit oni trie closing motion; thereof .L

Fig.F 21is airagnrentary'sectionali elevation with:

the:` actionv closed,A a: long:` cartridge betrug.- shownN inf the chamber.Y

Eig.. 3i is: a, fragmentaryivlewiofi amodinoation or aLtri'gger connection.P

Fig: 4 is ai fragmentary View7 off' a modieati'on. oi a trigger'eonneetiom 'The presenti invention. Willfi be described. as an'- plieertotne conventional; .Z2-'caliber riiieifonsl'iooting short and long cartridges, altli'oligh'i it'is. dis tinetly' understoodi not toi belimited: thereto. In Fig; 1;. the usuali barrel 2D; is shown: naviinga threaded: engagement 2tl: with: the receiverA 22;. in which the' bolt 23f is slidingly mounted.. Thebolt 253i is; provided. withi extractora 24.v A striker-i 2:3 Eiga lf. and: 2i): ist carried. a. suitable. aperture in the: bolt,l 23;. saint striker: having ai head. 29 that is; engaged bythe. striker spring guide; means 310i Aistrikerxspring 3 acting upo'rtthe head 3U- ofv the guide means. urges tirez nriker to lining: position, theopposite: endf ot sai'd spring abutting endt. 322i of the tubular guide means A351 locatari inl` tliel plug 33a; The-.plug semayf be; removablir oonneoted by meansiotscrewthreadsd toitliereceivan2'2.` tubular. .gnide'f means 35i ismountecl in the-:plug:

' 33Ifso" that itmay have" ail'oose movement toip'ropi-t terior'bo're yofftljle" tubularsguidem'eans: 3 5; In this' mannerlthe springs are; properly gilidedfand: con

ne da inf their motion.

v Triggerv and' Seur l The. striker' 28E is; provided: with a-V suitable? Sear. notchx 4l!T which. is adapte d: to engage: the pivoted: sear- 4fl; said seanbeingi; pivote'd onipin 4:2.: The sea-r` 4l haslaspring: 43 serv-inggtofrotate the'sear. tofeffecti-veposition noldingthetstriker, said' spring abutting.r the receiver at; 44; The projection 41E of sean 4th isi suitable`l for. engagement.Y with! the notch- 48-of the pivoted lever 49,A` said lever being pirated: as at; 50i oni the. trigger 52h: a. spring 52 serving to`l rotatev the lever 49 ina counterolocls-Vr wise directiontas viewediiniliigst 1 and 2. In Fig; lathe'4 lever 49; isishown" as it,y has. been)rotated4 in a clockwise direction by retraction of; thewbolt 2f3-; The: noten` 48v has com/erging, upper. and lower there will` b'enov playf between these parts.

l-niFig-i- 2i; theeproectiorr 411 sshowni engageclin` that notch 418i ot the; lever 49;.-and1thefsearfnotcn 4U engaged by tllesearrin:cocked. positiomsuonv that! a pull3 upon the' trigger Will-z causel tlfiefpit/- oted@ lever 49 to' bev pulleddownwardln. thereby rotating the Sear,` 4-=I= in. a. clockwise` direction'V to disengage it; from the: noten 4U! of thei striker 28; thereby allowing theioocked'strikerspringito move the striker'to" fired: position, The trigger spring- 53@ is ,carried irr` a suitable: aperture 54 the trigger:

Assuming that the parts'are ins-tire'vv cock-'ect pir siton with the` action closed, asshown in Fig. 2, a pull on the trigger 5| will rotate the trigger about itspivoti 45;. remitirY will move; levert 49' downwardly;- tnerebyA rotating sean Mi in a ei'o'oke wise` direction; and; disenga'eing iii from the; Sear notcn'di Sucn disengagement-,1 allows tire cocked.

striker spring" 31: to move' tlies striker: toi th'e fired:

cartridge in the chamber. Backward or retracting movement of the bolt 23 engages the striker 28 with the tip 55 of the lever 49, rotating it in a clockwise direction, and disengaging the projection 41 of sear 4| from the notch 48 of the lever 49. This allows the sear spring 43 to rotate the sear 4| in a counterclockwise direction, or to urge it to the effective position, so that as the bolt goes forward to its closed position again, the sear notch 40 will engage the sear 4|. As the bolt goes forward, the spring 52 will cause the lever 49 to rotate in a counterclockwise direction until it again assumes the position in Fig. 2. It can be seen that if pressure has still been maintained on the trigger 5|, that the lever 49 will be in a downward or pulled position, and the notch 48 will not then register with the projection 41 of the sear 4| so that engagement will not take place, and therefore the weapon will not fire a second time. Engagement of the notch 48 with the portion 41 will not then occur until the pressure on the trigger 5| is released, which will then allow the spring 53 to rotate the trigger 5|, so that the notch 48 will again be aligned with the projection 41 of the sear. The spring 52 will complete the engagement thereof of projection 41 in notch 48, and as the projection 41 of the sear moves into the converging notch 48, all the play will be removed from the connection. The action of the trigger then will be directly transmitted to the sear without slack. It can be seen that the pulling of the trigger, and maintaining it in the pulled or flred position, will pull the lever 49 downwardly so as to disturb the alignment of notch 48 with projection 41 of the sear after the sear has been released by the trigger through lever 49, thus making it necessar;7 to release the trigger tofire each shot. The use of the converging walls, parts or similar means to take the play out of the trigger mechanism train may also be applied to other portions of the connection and to other kinds of trigger connections. A modication of this is shown in Fig. 3, wherein |04 may be a trigger pivoted at |05 and having a connecting link |06 which may operate the sear. A converging wall aperture |01 is placed in the arm 4of trigger |04 and a pin |08 is mounted on link lilvwhich cooperates with the 'aperture |01. A spring and plunger assembly |09 serves to rotate link |09. This also pushes the link to the left, forcing pin |08 into the converging wall portions in the direction of convergence of aperture |01, so that the play or slack is removed from the trigger mechanism train. It is evident that aconnection such as this may be used Ain other portions of the trigger train and is not limited to that shown. It is also evident that the aperture or recess may have straight walls and the part cooperating therewith have diverging walls to take up the slack. This is shown in Fig. 4 wherein the sear is indicated at ||0 with-'the pivot and sear notch ||2. rI'he pivoted lever I|3 is pivoted at ||4 on the trigger fragmentarily shown at ||5. The pivoted lever ||3 may have the straight wall connection H6 which mates with the converging margins |1 of the sear I |0.

Summary of operation Assuming that the gun is in the position shown in Fig. 2 with the action closed and the cartridge within the chamber, release of the sear 4| by operation of the trigger 5|, such release taking place through the lever 49, notch 48, projection 41, will allow the striker spring 3| to force the striker forward and fire the cartridge. Assuming further that a long cartridge is in the chamber having sunicient power to operate the parts satisfactorily, as explained more fully in the aforesaid Patent No. 2,336,146, the explosion of the cartridge will force the actuator and bolt rearwardly from the position in Fig. 2, the cartridge case being carried with the actuator and the gas contact area on face 13 remaining sealed. The bolt 23, which is held against the actuator 56, is carried rearwardly therewith and has its recoil motion initiated thereby. The bolt continues in its rearward movement, compressing the recoil spring 31, the recoil spring being so designed that the bolt is stopped approximately just before it reaches the bushing 33A, or, if it does contact the same, to hit the same With but little force, the energy of the recoiling bolt having been practically all absorbed in the compression of the spring together with the compression of the striker spring 3|. The rearward movement of the bolt carries the striker 28 therewith, carrying the striker spring guide 30 rearwardly, thereby'cornpressing the spring 3| and moving the striker far enough to the rear so that on the return motion the notch 40 will engage the sear 4| which has been released from engagement with lever 49 and carried to eifective position by spring 43. The lever 49 has been rotated about its pivot by the recoil of the bolt, thereby disconnecting the notch 48 from-the projection'41.

During the recoiling movement of the bolt, the cartridge case is gripped by the extractors 24 on either side, which hook over the rim of the case in the conventional manner, carrying the cartridge rearwardly, and is ejected by contact with the ejector 10; Y

The recoil spring having been compressed and the bolt having reached the end of its travel, the energy stored in the recoil spring starts the bolt forward to closed position, and in this movement carries the fresh cartridge into the chamber of the gun ready for the next iiring operation. The new cartridges contained in the magazine are moved upwardly by the follower 89 under the urgence of follower spring 90, and held in position by means of the co-action of rim 93 (Fig. 1) of the new cartridge with the inturned lips of the retainer. Forward motion of the bolt 23 will engage rim 93, moving the new cartridge forwardly, and when rim 93 is opposite the slot 94 of the retainer, the spring and follower will move the new cartridge above the retainer and into alignment with the chamber, the bolt then in its continued closing motion carrying the cartridge into the chamber. The forward movement of the bolt allows the lever 49 to be rotated in a counterclockwise direction so that when the trigger is released the notch 43 will be aligned with the projection 41 of the sear and place the gun in readiness for the next shot to be fired upon again pulling the trigger.

It is apparent that the invention is not limited to the use in a shoulder rifle as shown, but maybe used in any type of firearm, such as a hand weapon or a machine gun. A gun which is easy to manufacture and assemble and which has an improved trigger mechanism has been provided. The `embodiments of the invention as herein described are to be understood as typical and illustrative only. said invention being susceptible to the embodiments in many forms, all falling within the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is: f '1. In an autoloading iirearm, a reciprocating breech block, firing means carried by said breech block, a sear, means on said sear constructed and arranged to engage said firing means for holding the same in a restrained position, a sear spring tending to move the engaging means o f said sear to a ring means restraining position, a pivoted trigger, a lever pivoted on said trigger, said lever having a notch with slightly outwardly diverging margins arranged to t over an end portion of said sear, the width of said end portion being intermediate the Widths at the outer and inner ends of said notch, whereby operation of the trigger serves to move the engaging means of the sear into firing means releasing position, and means on said breech block to engage said lever when the breech block is reciprocated rearwardly, thereby enabling said sear spring to move the engaging means of said sear to firing means restraining position and to displace said end portion of said sear out of alignment with said notch when the lever is in trigger operated position.

-2. In an autoloading firearm, a reciprocating breech block, firing means carried by said breech block, a sear, means on said sear constructed and arranged to engage said firing means for holding the same in a restrained position, a sear spring tending to move the engaging means of said sear to a firing means restraining position, a pivoted trigger, a lever pivoted on said trigger, said lever and sear being separably engageable, one of said last two mentioned parts having slightly diverging margins and the other of said parts having margins engageable by said slightly diverging margins and dening a width intermediate the widths at the outer and inner ends of the slightly diverging margins, whereby operation of the trigger serves to move the engaging means of the sear into iiring means releasing breech block, firing means carried by said breech block, a sear, means on said sear constructed and arranged to engage said firing means for holding the same in a restrained position, a

vsear spring tending to move the engaging means y of said sear to a firing means restraining posi- "i tion, a pivoted trigger with an arm having an aperture defining converging margins, a connecting lever between said sear and trigger for actuating said searsaid lever having means arranged to be wedged between said vconverging margins of'said aperture, spring means urging said lever means into wedging engagement with the converging margins of said aperture'and in the direction of convergence thereof whereby lost motion is eliminated between the trigger and connecting lever, said connecting lever havmeans restraining position and to displace said.

end portion of said sear out of alignment with said notch when the lever is in trigger operated position.

4. In an autoloading iirearm, a reciprocating breech block, firing means carried by said breech block, a sear, means on said sear constructed and arranged to engage said firing means for holding the same in a restrained pcsitioma sear spring tending to move the engaging means of said sear to a firing means restraining position,

a pivoted trigger with an arm having an aperture defining converging margins, a connecting lever between said sear and trigger for actuating said sear, said lever having means arranged to be wedged between the converging walls of said trigger arm aperture, spring means urging said lever into wedging engagement with the converging margins of said aperture and in the direction of convergence thereof, whereby lost motion is eliminated between the trigger and connecting lever, said lever and sear being separably engageable, one of said last two mentioned parts having slightly diverging margins and the other of said parts having margins engageable by saidfslightly diverging margins and defining a width intermediate the widths at the outer and inner ends of the slightly diverging margins, whereby operation of the trigger serves to move the engaging means of the sear into ring means releasing position, and means on said breech block to engage said 'lever when the breech block is reciprocated rearwardly,v thereby enabling said sear spring to move the engaging means of said sear to firing means restraining position and to displace said part having slightly diverging margins out of alignment with the margins of the other part when the lever is in trigger operated position.

DAVID M.