US2377340A

US2377340A - Sheet binder

Info

Publication number: US2377340A
Application number: US373021A
Authority: US
Inventors: George G Grinnell
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1941-01-03
Filing date: 1941-01-03
Publication date: 1945-06-05
Anticipated expiration: 1962-06-05

Description

June 5, GRlNNELL 2,377,340

SHEET BINDER Filed Jan; 3, 1941 10 Shets-Sheet l June 5, 1945. G. G. GRINNELL I 2,377,340

SHEET BINDER Filed Jan. 3, 1941 10 Sheets-Sheet 5 @flw, wmgg June 5, 1945. G. e. GRINNELL 2,377,340

SHEET BINDER Filed Jan. 3, 1941 I 10 Sheets-Sheet 4 June5, 1945. GGGRMELL 2,377,340

SHEET BINDER Filed Jan. 3, 1941 10 Sheets-Sheet 5 June 5, 1945. G. c. GRINNELL 2,377,340

SHEET BINDER Filed Jan. 3, 1941 10 Sheets-Sheet 6 l a l 4 7 1A G. G. GR| NNELL SHEET BINDER June 5, 1945.

Fild Jan. 5. 1941 10 Sheets-Shea; 8

June 5, 1945. G. G. GRINN LL SHEET BINDER Filed Jan. 3, 1941 10 Sheets-Shec 9 a 3 6 3 3 z 34 My W 7 m a 0 a 2 Q a .K z @flzm Q J 7 o e e lb 9 5 .Q 0 0 in 5 Mm 7 fi m 9 W 12 I M z {1 a I f 0 0 2 f 4 m y 5 6 4 fl 7 m C w 0M 4 7/ a m 7 a 1 g 7 6 .0 4 6 9 Q W 7 I -1 Z a a Jun e 5, 1945. G. G. GRINNELL snma'r BINDER Filed Jan. 3, 1941 10 Sheets-Sheet l0 Patented June 5, 1945 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 7 2,377,340 SHEET BINDER George G. Grinnell, Portland, Oreg. Application January 3, 1941, Serial No. 373,021 14 Claims. (01. 1-40) My invention relates to sheet binders.

- One of the objects of my invention is to provide improved apparatus for forming binder elements from wire, drilling a pad of sheets to be bound, and inserting the binders through the drilled holes in the sheets.

A further object of my invention is to provide improved apparatus for feeding a pad of sheets laterally step by step, perforating the pad, and

inserting binders or fastener elements through the perforations.

A furtherobject of my invention is to provide apparatus for drilling superimposed sheets without burring the outermost sheets.

A further object of my invention is'to provide an improved apparatus for forming binder elements from flat wire.

A further object is to provide an improved multiple loop binder formed of fiat wire.

Further objects and advantages of the inven: tion will be apparent from the description and claims.

In the drawings, in which my invention is illustrated, i

Figure 1 is a perspective view showing the fastener forming element apparatus;

Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing the drilling and inserting apparatus;

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the fastener forming mechanism; j

Fig. 4 is a perspective end elevational view of the fastener forming apparatus;

Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing the wire feeding apparatus, the wire severing apparatus and the tool and die forming apparatus;

Fig. 14 is a vertical section showing the drilling mechanism;

Fig. 15 is a horizontal section on the line ss of Fig. 14;

Fig. 16 is an enlarged transverse vertical section showing the inserter, forming anvil, and forming die;

Fig. 16a is a transverse vertical section similar to Fig. 16 but showing the parts in a different position;

Fig. 17 is a horizontal sectional view on the line II-Il ofFig. 13; v

Fig. 18 is a bottom view of the tablet carriage; Fig. 19 is a perspective view showing a multiple coil fastener; and Fig. 20 shows the elongated fastener before it is inserted. Referring to the drawings in detail, the construction shown comprises a mechanism for withdrawing flat wire I from a reel, straightening it, and feeding it to a forming device 2 (Figs. 6, 7, and 8), mechanism 3 for cutting the wire into sections of the proper length for forming the U-- shaped fasteners 4, mechanism including a plunger 5 and die 6 for forming the severed sections into U-shaped fastener'devices ,4, guide means I (Figs. 1 and 2) for delivering the Ushaped faslug. 6 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view showing the tool and die forming apparatus;

Fi '7 is a horizontal section on the line 1-7 of Fig. 6

Fig. 8 is a vertical transverse section on the line 8-8 of Fig. '7

Fig. 8a is a perspective view showing the tool and forming die; 3

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of one of the fafse I tener elements; I

Fig. 10 is a front elevational perspective view of the drilling and inserting apparatus;

Fig. 11 is a perspective view showing the tape feeding and fastener segregating mechanism;

Fig. 12 is a perspective view showing the segreating mechanism and inserting mechanism;

13 is a vertical transverse section showing the segregating mechanism, inserting mechanism, and the drilling mechanism;

teners 4 from the forming device to a segregating and feeding mechanism Ia, means 8 for drilling holes in a tablet I I with the holes suitably spaced to receive the ends of the U-shaped fastener '4, and means III for removing the fasteners, one at a time, from said segregating device, inserting them through the holes in the tablet II, and forming them into a twin loop binder I2 (Figs. 2, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16).

The mechanism for withdrawing the wire from th reel and feeding it to the forming die comprises a pair of friction feed wheels I3 (Figs. 3, 4, and 5) constantly. driven from the motor I4, for frictionally feeding the wire I to the forming device 2, a pairof friction feed rolls I5 for insur- "ing a suiilcient supply of wire to the feed rolls I3, also constantly driven from the motor I4, and guiding and straightening rolls ing the wire as it is removed guiding it to'the feed rolls I5.

In order to adjust the speed of the feed rolls I8 and I 5 to insure the from the reel and able across the face of this friction disc I1 and splined a shaft 20 on which thegear 2| is I6 for straightenproper rate of supply, a variable speed drive is provided between the motor 1 mounted. This gear 2| is driven from the motor It by means of a pulley 22 on the motor shaft 23, a belt 24 running over this pulley, and a pulley 25 overwhich this belt 24 runs mounted on a shaft 26 on which the pinion 2! is mounted which meshes with the gear 2 I Any suitable means may be provided for controlling the speed of the motor I4.

The means 3 for severing the wire into sections of the proper length comprises a shearing knife' 28 underneath the wire I as it travels, as shown in Figs. 6 and 8, and an L-shaped arm 29, on

which this knife is mounted, pivotally mounted at 30 (Figs. 1, 3, 4, and A spring 3| is pro- 'vided which normally holds the knife 28 in lowered.

position. An electromagnet 32 is provided cooperating with an armature 33 on the knife arm to effect the severing action of the'knife. This elecoperating with this die 6, operating transversely of the direction of travel of the wire I and serving to force the severed section of wire into the die to cause the section to assume the U-shape as shown in Figs. 6, 7, 8, and 9.

The plunger tool 5 is operated from the same motor-driven shaft 20 which feeds the wire I and controls the movement of the knife 28, by means of a crankjl mounted on the motor driven shaft 20, a connecting rod It pivotally secured at 39 to the crank 31, and a wrist pin connection 40 with the slide H to which the fastener-forming tool 5 is secured. With this construction, it will be seen that each revolution of the motor-driven shaft 2! will cause a section of wire to be out oh by the knife 28 and will cause the tool 5 to make one complete stroke back and forth to form one of the U-shaped fasteners. At the same time the friction feed wheels II will be rotated to cause the wire to be advanced sufficiently to provide material for another'fastener. Anadjustable stop 42 (Figs. 5 and 7) is interposed in the path of travel ofizhe wire to stop the travel for an instant while the wire is being severed. The instant the section is severed on, the plunger tool 5 engages the middle part of the section and forces it into the die. Means are provided for enabling the feeding of the wire to be resumed while the plunger dieis making this stroke back and forth. For this purpose, the edge of the plunger is beveled, as shown at 43 (Fig. 8), to enable the advance end of the severed wire to ride up along this incline 43 and to pass across and above the plunger as, the plunger-is making its back-and-forth stroke, as shown in Fig. 8.

In order that the plunger may engage the wire when the plunger begins its advance, the front end of the plunger is relieved to provide a fastener-engaging shoulder 44 (Figs. 6, 7, and 8a);

In order to insure that the wire is brought down,

so as to be in the path of this'shoulder 44 when the plungerci begins its advance, a. cam-controlled, spring-pressed depressor slide 45 is provided. This depressor slide 45 is mounted in fixed guides 46 adjacent the entrance to the die and is urged downwardly by means of a compression spring 41. The downward movement of this depressor slide is controlled by a cam depression 68 in a cam bar 49 which reciprocates with the plunger tool 5, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6. When the plunger tool 5 is withdrawn so that the relieved front portion 50 (Fig. 8a) of the plunger is underneath the wire I, the cam depression 48 will have been moved to a position which will enable the wire depressor 45 to move downwardly to force the wire I onto the relievedportion 50 of the plunger tool. This insures that the flat wire will not buckle up and elude the front edge of the shoulder portion 44 of the forming tool in its initial movement.

In order to straighten out the connecting portion SI of the U-shaped fastener, a reciprocable cam-controlled, spring-pressed stop 52 is provided (Figs. 6 and 7) This stop 52 is moved up and out of the way by the cam bar 49 to enable the election of the completed fasteners and is moved down into the path of the connecting part II of a succeeding fastener by means of a compression spring I! when the depressed cam portion 48 of the cam slide comes underneath the follower portion of the reciprocable stop.

In order to insure at the fastener 4 is not withdrawn or partially withdrawn as the plunger tool I returns, a snap spring detent 58 is provided, secured at one end at 56 and having its free end I! in posltlon to snap down into the recess I in the shoulder 44 of the tool I behind the crosspiece II of the U-shaped fastener when this crosspiece is pressed against the 'reciprocable stop 52. The die 6 and tool I are relieved and rounded off Flhfle necessary to facilitate the bending and ormlng operations.

The means for delivering the fasteners from the forming device 2 to the selecting and'segregating plunger 58 (Figs. 13 and 17) comprises the guide rail I which the U-shaped fasteners 4 straddle as they are pushed out of the die by the plunger tool 5 and down which they gravitate to form a vertical stack 60 of substantially horizontal fastenets above the segregating plunger 69. A guard rail Otis provided above the guide rail to insure that the fasteners remain in engagement with the guide rail I.

The tablet drilling and fastener-inserting mechanism comprises broadly a horizontally movable carriage 62 (Figs. 2, 10, l3, l6, and 18) on I which the\pad of sheets II to, be fastened together are secured in position, a treadle-controlled step-by-step feed for this carriage to shift the tablet edgewise after each drilling and fastener-inserting operation to bring the-tablet in position for another drilling and fastener-inserting operation, a treadle-controlled return mechanism for returning the tablet carriage to initial position after all of the fasteners have been inserted, a pair of rotary drills 63 (Figs. 2, 12, 14 and 16) for drilling a pair of holes in the tablet pad, properly spaced to receive the legs of a fastener element and a mechanism III for aligning the fasteners andinserting them feet first through the pair of previously-drilled holes I in the tablet pad II.

Three motors are provided, one 64 (Fig. 10)

for effecting the rotary movement of the pair of drills 63 and a one-step v cured, about which the 'cable passes.

step feed of the tablet carriage, the insertion of the U-shaped fastener element, and the feed for the two

guard tapes

61 and 68 which are fed, respectively, above and below the tablet II as it is being drilled, to prevent the mutilation of the outside sheets of the tablet by the point of the drill. The operation of the pedal 68 Fig. causes the axial movement of the drill head 8, the actuation of the pedal 10 causes the insertion of a fastener element, and the operation of the pedal 1I causes the return of the tablet carriage. I In operation it is customary, first, to depress the pedal 69 to drill a pair of holes in the tablet pad II without causing the operation of the fastener inserter, then to shift the foot slightly to the left, as viewed in Fig. 10, so as to rest on both pedals 69 and10, and depress both pedals to cause the insertion of a fastener 4 into the two holes and to cause the drilling of two holes spaced from the first two holes for the subsequent insertion of another fastener. As explained hereinafter, each time the pedal 69 is depressed, it will cause an up-and-down movement of the feeding movement of the carriage 62.

For the insertion of the final fastener element of the tablet sheets, the operator may either depress both

pedals

69 and 10, causing the rise of the drill head and the insertion of a fastener in the last pair of holes in the tablet (the tablet having passed beyond the position in which it will be in the path of the drills), or the operator may simply depress the inserter pedal 10 causing the insertion of a fastener without any axial movement of the drill head. When the last fastener has been inserted in the tablet, the operator depresses the carriage-return pedal, causing the carriage to return to its initial position.

After passing through the tablet, the point of the drill enters a wooden block 12 (Fig. 13) which is automatically pressed against the upper guard tape during the drilling operation. The first drilling movement forms a guide recess or pocket in the under face of the wooden block 12 which serves to center the point of the drill as it passes through the tablet.

The mechanism forfeeding the U-shaped fasteners from the vertical stack 60 to the forming anvil 13 and forming die 14 (Figs. 12, 13, 16, and 17) comprises the selecting and segregating plunger 59 operating in a horizontal plane undarneath the stack of fasteners, and a pair of spaced parallel aligning rock arms 15 (Fig. 13) for moving the segregated fastener 4 from a horizontal position to a vertical position in alignment with the inserter plunger'16' which reciprocates up and down and, on its downward stroke, engages the cross bar SI of the U-shaped fas tener 4 and forces the fastener downwardly to' cause its lower ends to bend around inside of the arcuateguide channels in the die 14 and around the semicylindrical surface of the anvil 18, as shown in Figs. 10, 12,13, and 16. A suitable.spring-pressed presser foot 16a is provided for holding the tablet pad II down on the carriage 62 during the inserting operation.

The drive for the step-by-step carriage feed by-step release or escapment for the carriage I shaft 9| (Figs. 11). Each time the shaft 9| makes one revolution, the cam 90 will cause the lever 81 to rock up and down and will cause the withdrawal and return of the stop pin 83 on the slide 82 with respect to the stop pins 84 on the carriage rack- 92. The movement of this stop slide ,82 is so rapid that it will release one stop pin 84on the carriage and catch the next stop on the carriage beforethe weight 80 has time enough to pull the carriage stop past the stop slide.

' For returning the carriage to initial position after it has completed its step-by-step feeding movement to the left, as viewed in Fig. 10, an endless cable 93 is provided having a lost-motion connection with the tablet carriage 62 and passing over the end pulleys 94 and 95. The cable 93 may be brought into driven relationship with respect to the drive pulley 96 by means of cable tightener pulleys 91 and 98 mounted on the pedal-controlled rock lever 99. The .drive pulley 96 is driven from the motor by means of a cable I00 passing over the drive pulley II on the m0- tor and over a driven pulley I02 mounted on the shaft I03 to which the drive pulley 96 is secured.

When the carriage return pedal is depressed, it

pulls the carriage stop 83 out of the way of the stop abutment 84 of the carriage and rocks the rock lever' 99 about its pivot I04 to move the cable tightener pulleys 91 and 99 upwardly to press the cable 93 firmly againstthe drive pulley 96. The carriage return pedal H is secured to the stop slide 82 by means of a link I05, a crosshead I06 (Fig. 2) secured to the link I05, and a coil compression spring I01 engaged by the crosshead I06 and bearing on the head I08 of a slide rod I09 secured to the slide 82. The cross head I06 slides on the rod I09 until the spring I01 is compressed sufliciently'to' press the slide 82 downcomprises a cord or cable 11 (Fig. 10) having one end 18 secured to the tablet carriage 62 and th over which this cable 11 passes, and a weight to the upper end of which a pulley 8| is seother end 18a secured to the frame, a pulley 19 The step- 7 straddles

pulleys

81 and 98 ward. The rock lever 99 is secured to the crosshead I06 by means of a rod IIO pivotally connected with the lever 99 at L A spring I I2 is provided which tends to hold the stop slide 82 in raised position and to hold the cable tightener away from the cable 93.

The cam 90. can cause withdrawal and return of the stop 83 without causing movement of the cable tightening lever 99, since the rod I09 is slidable in the crosshead I06. When the pedal H is depressed it first actuates the cable tightening lever 99 and then, when the' downward pressure of the spring I01 overcomes the upward pressure of the spring II 2 on the stop slide 82, the stop 83 will be withdrawn to enable the drive pulley 99 to return the tablet carriage 62 to startiorked abutment the cable so that the button I II on the H9 on the carriage, which cable can engage the fork. Because of the forked connection II6 between the cable and carriage, the carriage may be readily disconnected and removed from the cable when desired.

In order to insure that the first set of feed rolls I will supply wire to the second set of feed rolls I3 as fast as necessary and in order to prevent an oversupply of wire to the second set of feed rolls, means are provided for. separating the first set of feed rolls I5 to stop the wire feeding operation when the loop III of wire between the first set of rolls and the second set of rolls exceeds a certain length and to bring the first set of feed rolls II5 together again to resume the feeding operation when the length of this loop decreases beyond a certain extent. The means shown may comprise an electromagnet II8 energized when the loop II'I exceeds a certain length and deenergized when the loop falls below a certain length, and transmission between the armature ll! of this electromagnet and the first set of feed rolls to separate the rolls when the electromagnet is energized and to bring them together again when the electromagnet is deenergized.

For controlling th electromagnet a switch is provided having a switch arm I28 (Fig. 4) located in the, range of movement of the upper strand of the loop I", the strands of the loop being guided and held against lateral movement by a wire guide lock I2I.- If the first set'of rolls l5 feeds th wire so fast that the loop I" increases in size to. such an extent as to engage and move the switch arm I28, the electromagnet III will be energized, causing the feed rolls II to separate and stop feeding the wire. This causes the loop I I! to decrease in size as the rolls II continue to feed. As the loop Ill decreases in size it disengages the switch arm I20, which drops to open position to deenergize the electromagnet III, causing the rolls I5 to resume their feeding operation.

The mechanism for withdrawing the tapes 8! and "from the storage spools I22, guiding them to positions, respectively, above and below the tablet being bound (Figs. 2, 10, 11, 12, and 14) comprises th guides-I23 for directing the tapes into position with respect to the tablet, and a pair of step-by-step feed rolls I24 between which both tapes pass after they have moved past the tablet. The mechanism for giving the step-by-step feed to these two feed rolls comprises a ratchet wheel I25 (Figs. 2 and 11) on th shaft of one of the feed rolls I24, a rock levez' I26 coaxial with this ratchet. wheel, a pawl I21 mounted on this lever actuating the ratchet wheel I25, a link I26 pivotally connected with the rock lever, a bell crank pivotally .mounted at I29 and having one arm I38 p ota y connected with the link I28, a connecting rod I3I pivotally connected at I32 with the other arm I33 of the bell crank, and a crank I84 (Fig. to which the other end of the connecting rod is pivotally secured, mounted on the shaft 9|. With this construction, it will be seen that every time the shaft BI is given a single revolution the pawl" carrying lever I26 will be given a movement back and forth to effect a single feed step of the tape feed rolls I24. The transmission is so timed that the step feed of the tape will be made at a time when the drills 63 are withdrawn from the tablet so as not to interfere with the tape feeding movement.

As previously indicated, the purpose of the guard tapes 6! and 68 is to prevent the mutilation of the outside sheets of the; tablet by the point of the drill. The feed for these tapes is com- Thedrive for the shaft 8| is from the motor 66 through the belt I35 (Figs. 10, 11, and 12) running over the pulley on the motor shaft, a pulley I36 over which the belt runs, a shaft II! on which this pulley is mounted, a sprocket wheel I38 mounted on this shaft, a sprocket chain I38 running over this sprocket wheel I38 and a large sprocket wheel I46 connectible and disconnectible with respect to the shaft 8i by means of a clutch I (Fig. 11) controlled by the pedal 68 in such a manner that when the clutch is released the shaft 8| will stop in a fixed deflnite'position.

The transmission from the clutch pedal 68 (Fig. 10) to the clutch I4I comprises a rock arm I42 mounted on the rock shaft I48 to whichthe pedal 68 is secured, a link I44 pivotally connected at one end to this rock arm, and a clutch controlling member I45 pivotally secured to the' sion, by which this axial feed movement of the.

drill head is effected, comprises a bevel gear I46 mounted on the shaft 8I, a bevel gear I" (Figs. 2, 11, 14 and 15) meshing with the first bevel gear I46, a shaft I48 on which this second bevel gear I41 is mounted, a combination cam and crank disc I48 secured to this shaft I48, and a connecting rod I58 pivotally secured to the crank shaft at one end and pivotally secured ,to the vertically slidable drill head "I at the other end.. With this construction it will be seen that every time the tape is given a feed step the drill head I5I is caused to be moved up anddown In proper timed relation.

From the preceding description, it will be seen that each time the pedal 65 is depgessed the shaft 9i will be. given one complete revolution, which causes-the up-and-down movement of the drill head I5I, the one-step feeding movement of the tape, and the one-step feeding movement of the tablet carriage 62, all in proper timed relatlon. t

In order to bring the wooden block 12 down on the tablet at the proper time in the drilling operation, it is mounted on a slide I52 vertically movable in the standard I53 and caused to move up and down by means of the cam formed on the edge of the crank disc I46 which engages a follower roller I54 on the lever I55 pivotally mounted at I56 and connected with the vertically movable slide I52 by means of a connecting rod I51 pivotally secured to the lever at I58 and pivotally secured to the sliding block at I59.

The mechanism for driving the segregator slide comprises a connecting rod I60 pivotally secured at I6I (Figs. 11, 12 and 17) to the segregator slide 59, a lever I62 to which the other end of this connecting rod is secured, pivotally mountcam I65 engaging this roller to actuate the lever I62, a clutch I66 for connecting and disconnecting the rotatable cam I65 with respect to the gear I61, and a pinion I68 (Fig. 11) meshing with this gear I61 and mounted on the motor driven shaft I31. The clutch I66 is controlled from the pedal Hi ,so that when the pedal I0 is depressed it will cause the clutch. to be connected to cause the cam I65 to rotate- The clutch 75 I66 is so designed that when the pedal 70 is ed at I63, a roller I64 on this lever, a rotatable I raised, the clutch will be disconnected and the cam will stop in a fixed definite position in which the segregator slide 59 will be in its withdrawn position. The transmission from the pedal to the clutch I66 comprises the rock shaft I69, to which the pedal is secured, a rock arm 110 secured to this rock shaft, and a connecting rod I1| pivotally connected with this rock arm and extending to the clutch to control its operation. When the clutch I66 is actuated to cause rotation of the cam I65, the lever I62 is moved back and forth to cause the segregator slide 59 to select the lowermost fastener from the stack and feed it horizontally under the rock arms 15.

The mechanism for controlling the operation of the two rock arms 15 which move the fastener element away from the segregator slide 59 into vertical position in the path of the inserter plunger 16 comprises a rock shaft I12 (Figs. 13 and 17) on which the rock arms 15 are mounted, a latch member I13 (Fig. 12) having a latch shoulder I13a secured to the end of this rock shaft,

a rocking detent I14 pivotally mounted at I15, the upper end of which is engageable and disengageable with respect to the latch member I13, and a trigger rod I16 engaging. at one end the lower end of the detent member I14 and engageable at its other end by an adjustable screw I11 threaded in a bracket I18 secured to the segre- .gator slide 59. A coil tension spring I19 is provided which will efiect the swinging movement of the latch I13 (counterclockwise), rock shaft I12,v and rock arms 15 when the detent I14 is moved to disengage the latch member I13 which is provided with a shoulder I19a into which the upper end of detent I14 normally is engaged, as shown in Fig. 12. For returning this latch mem ber I13 at the end of the down stroke of the inserter plunger 16, a cam member I is provided, movable up and down with the inserter plunger 16 and engageable with the latch member I13 at the lower end of its movement to move the latch member in a clockwise direction to restore its latched position with respect to the upper arm of detent I14 in the shoulder Him. I

-The drive for the vertically reciprocable inserter plunger 16 comprises a crank I6I rotatable with the motor driven cam I65, a connecting rod I82 pivotally secured at I83 to this crank,

and a wrist pin I84 pivotally connectin the plunger end of the connecting rod I82 to the inserter slide 16. As the inserter slide moves downwardly, the cross bar 5| of the U-shaped fastener, 4 is engaged-between the sloping face I65 (Figs: 16 and 16a) of the slide and the oppositely sloping face I66 of a spring-pressed plunger I81 slidably mounted in a guide bore in the plunger 16. As the plunger 16 moves downwardly, the fastener is forced downwardly ahead of the plunger, the legs of the fastener entering the arcuate channels in the die 14. This die causes the legs to curl into an arcuate shapaxas shown in Fig.

16, and steers the ends of the legs .into the drilled openings in the tablet I l. The semicylindrical anvil 13 cooperates with the die in directing the legs in this curling movement. At the time when the free ends of the curled legs have formed a trifle more than a complete 'circle, as shown in Figs. 16, the spring-pressed plunger will have engaged the stop finger I66 on'the adjustable stop I69to limit the movement of the spring-pressed movement of theslide 16 will cause the beveled end I65 of this slide 16 to engage the crossbarg of the fastener and force this crossbar 5I"and the upper ends of the legs of the fastener into the position shown in Fig. 16, the U-shaped fastener then being shaped substantially as shown in Fig. 19. Since the crank I8I is on the same clutchcontrolled shaft as the segregator controlling cam I65, the segregator slide 59, aligning arms 15, and the inserter plunger 16 will be operated in proper timed relation.

In order to enable the tablet carriage to be shifted laterally after the fastener is inserted,

the die 14 (Fig. 13) is mounted so that it can be moved out of the way of the tablet toenable this feeding operation. For this purpose the die is pivotally mounted at I and is controlled by a cam I6I (Figs. 12 and 13) mounted on a rock arm I92 pivotally mounted at I93 and a plunger rod I94 slidably mounted in, the bracket I96, pivotally connected with the rock lever I92. and carrying a follower roller I96 at its upper end for cooper- 'ation with a cam I91 rotatable with the cam I65.

A coil tension spring I96 is provided for insuring that the die 14 will swing downwardly when the cam I9I is moved downwardly to move the cam surface I99 out of the way of the pivoted die 14. Thus the pivoted die 14 is moved in proper timed relation with respect to the operation of the inserter slide 16 to enable the die to swing clear of the tablet in its lateral feeding movement.

Referring to Figs. 12, 13, and 16, when the die 14 is in its lowered position, its curved forming surface will be moved away out of contact with the inserted fastener so that when the tablet is shifted laterally the loop of the fastener can readily slip laterally oil; from the anvil 13 without any drag from the forming die 14.

The presser foot 16a is mounted on a slide rod 200 (Figs. 2, 10, 12, and 13) which is slidablein a bracket 2M secured to the standard I53 in which the vertically reciprocable plunger 16' is mounted. The upper end of the slide rod 200 is connected to the standard by means of a; coil tension spring 202. The downward movement of the presser foot it efiected by the engagement of the lower edge of the guide sleeve 203 carried by the plunger 16 with a washer 203a surrounding the slide rod 200 and bearing on a coil compression spring 204 which at its lower end bears on a shoulder 205 on the slide rod. As the plunge: carrying slide 16 moves downwardly, the sleeve 203 engages the washer 203a which bears on the compression spring 204, compressing this spring until sufllcient downward pressure is exerted on the slide rod 200 to overcome the action of the coil tension spring 202. This will cause the presser foot 16a to engage the upper face of the tablet to hold it in proper position while the fastener is being inserted.

The tablet is held in place on the carriage by means of suitable adjustable flanges 206 and 201 (Figs. 2, 10 and 13) engaging-the side edges of the tablet pad. The right-hand positioning flange (as viewed in Fig. 10) is laterally adjustable on the carriage by means of screws 208 extending through the face of the flange and threaded into any one of a plurality of pairs of openings 209 in the carriage (Figs. 10 and 18).

Means are provided for quickly effecting a withdrawing clamping action of the left-hand flange 201 in placing the tablet pad in position and in removing it. For this purpose, the left-hand flange is slidably mounted in a bracket 2I0 secured to the carriage 62 and is pressed toward the opposing pressed flange is adjustably secured to the carriage by means of screws extending through the bracket and threaded into any pair of the adjustment holes 209 in the carriage.

The distance to which the tablet pad may be pushed inwardly is limited by means of adjustable stops 2 l3 (Figs. 2, l and 12) on the frame of the machine.

The carriage is provided with four rollers 214 which travel on parallel tracks 2|! provided by the flanges of a channel member 2| 8 secured to Y the frame (Fi s. 13 and 18).

In use, when the machine is supplied with the material to be operated on, including the fiat wire I and the

guard tapes

61 and 68, and the machine is put in operation, the fastener forming mechanism operates continuously as previously described to supply the U-shaped fasteners 4 to the guide 7 from which guide they are removed. one at a time, by the segregating and feeding mechanism 1a. The timing of these' successive operations of the feeding mechanism is controlled by the operator. As previously indicated, the operator places a pad or tablet in position on the carriage 62 and allows the carriage to move to the left is viewed in Fig. 10, until a stop pin 84 engages the stop 82 to bring the tablet into proper position for drilling and inserting the fastener. The operator then depresses the pedal 69 to drill a pair of holes in the tablet or pad I I without causing the operation of the fastener inserter, then shifts the foot slightly to the left, as viewed in Fig. 10, so as to rest on both pedals 59 and i0, and then depresses both pedals to cause the insertion of a fastener 4 into the two holes and to cause the drilling of two holes spaced from the first two holes for the subsequent insertion of another fastener.

For the insertion of the final fastener element of the tablet sheets. the operator may either depress both

pedals

69 and 10,.causing the rise of the drill head and the insertion of a-fastener in the last-pair of holes in the tablet (the tablet having passed beyond the position in which it will be in the path of the drills) or the operator may simply depress the inserter pedal 70 causing the insertion of a fastener without any axial movement of the drill head. When the last fastener has been inserted in the tablet, the operator depresses the carriage-return pedal H, causing the carriage to-return to its initial position.

Fig. 19 is a perspective view showing a multiple coil fastener 223 which is designed to be inserted to an extent which will form several coils from each leg of the fastener.

Fig. 20 shows the elongated fastener of Fig. 19

' before it is inserted.

I have found that fasteners with a colored coating may be made by providing the wire with a coating obcoloring material before the fasteners are formed. The forming of the fasteners doesnot materially injure the coating. This enables fasteners to be made in various colorsto harmonize with the tablet covers, or the like.

,While the word tablet has been used in describing the apparatus, it is to be understood that this apparatus may be useful in any situation where it is desired to perforate and bind sheets.

Further modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art and it is desired, therefore, that the invention be limited only by the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. Apparatus for binding together the edges of juxtaposed sheets in pads comprising means for successively forming spaced perforations in a pad arrangement of sheets adjacent its edge transversely of the planes of the sheets, means for inserting a fastener through a perforation thus formed, simultaneously with the formation of another perforation, a pad support, guide means for guiding said pad support for shifting the pad arrangement laterally when the perforating means are withdrawn from the perforations, and stop means for limiting this lateral movement to position the pad arrangement for a succeeding perforating and inserting operation.

2. Apparatus for binding together the edges of juxtaposed sheets in pads comprising drilling means for successively forming spaced perforations in a pad arrangement of sheets adjacent its edge transversely of the planes of the sheets, means for inserting a fastener through a perforation thus formed, simultaneously with the formation of another perforation, a pad support, guide means-for guiding said pad support for shifting the pad arrangement laterally when the perforating means are withdrawn from the perforations, and stop means for limiting this lateral movement to position the pad arrangement for a succeeding perforating and inserting operation.

3. Apparatus for perforating and binding together the edges of sheets in pads by means of individual deformable fasteners, said fastener having originally a substantially straight entering portion to be formed into a loop embracing a portion of the pad between the perforation and the adjacent edge of the pad comprising means for perforating a pad adjacent its edge, and

- means for thereafter inserting a fastener through a perforation comprising driving means for forcing said straight entering portion to travel endwise and guide means engaged by said originally straight fastener portion in its movement for curling successive portions of the advance end of said straight portion to cause it to enter said perforation and form a loop extending through said perforation and around the adjacent edge of the pad, said perforations being large enough to enable the free entry and passage of the curled moving end of the fastener, and means for supplying individual fasteners one at av time to said inserting means.

'4. Apparatus for perforating and binding together the edges of sheets in pads by means of 'individual deformable fasteners comprisin means for forming perforations in a pad adjacent its edge, and means for inserting a fastener through a perforation thus formed, said fastener having originally a substantially straight entering portion to be formed into a loop embracing a portion of the pad between the perforation and for curling successive portions of the advance end of said straight portion to cause it to enter said perforations and form a loop extending through said perforation and around the adjacent edge of the pad, said perforations being large enough to enable the free end and passage of the curled moving end of the fastener, and meansfor supplying individual fasteners one at a time to said inserting means. I

5. Apparatus for binding together the edges of perforated sheets in pads comprising means for. successively forming spaced perforations in a pad adjacent its edge, step feeding means for feeding said pad edg'ewise, and means for inserting a fastener through a perforation thus formed, simultaneously with the formation of another perforation, said fastener having originally a substantially straight entering portion to be formed into' a loop embracing a portion of the pad between the perforation and the adjacent edge of the pad, said inserting means comprising driving means for forcing said straight entering portion to travel endwise and guide means engaged by said originally straight fastener portion in its movement for curling successive portions of the advance end of said straight portion to cause it to enter said perforation and form a loop extending through said perforation and around the adjacent edge of the pad, said perforations being large enough to enable the free entry and passage of the curled moving end of the fastener.

(ii Apparatus for perforating and joining together the edges of sheets in pads by means of individual deformable fasteners, said fastener being originally substantially plural-prong shaped and having. a plurality of substantially straight parallel spaced entering arm portions to be formed into a plurality of loops embracing a portion of the pad between the perforations and the adjacent edge of the pad, comprising means for perforating the pad adjacent its edge, and means for thereafter inserting a fastener through said perforations comprising driving means for forcing said straight parallel arm portions to travel-endwise and guide means engaged by said straight portions in their movement for curling successive portions of the advance ends of said straight arm portions to cause them to enter said perforations and form loops extending through said perforations and around the adjacent edge of the pad, said perforations being large enough to enable the free entry and passage of the curled moving end of the fastener,

and means for sug-plying individual fastener one at a time to said inserting means.

'7. Apparatus for perforating and joining together the edges of sheets in pads by means of individual deformed fasteners, said fastener having originally a substantially straight entering portion to be formed into a loop embracing a portion of the pad'between the perforations and the adjacent edge of the pad comprising means for perforating the pad adjacent its edge, means ual fastener, and means for supplying fasteners 8. Apparatus for perforating and binding together the edges of sheets in pads by means of individual deformable fasteners, said fastener having originally a substantially straight entering portion to be formed into a loop embracing a portion of the pad between the perforation and the adjacent edge of the pad comprising means for perforating a pad adjacent its edge, and means for thereafter inserting a fastener through a perforation comprising reciprocable driving means for forcing said straight entering portion to travel endwise and guide means engaged by said originally straight fastener portion in its movement for curling successive portions of the advance end of said straight portion to cause it to enter said perforation and form a loop extending through said perforation and around the adjacent edge of the pad, said perforations being large enough to enable the free entry and passage of the curled moving end of the fastener. v y

9. Apparatus for perforating and binding together the edges of sheets in pads by means of individual deformable fasteners comprising means for forming perforations in a pad adjacent its edge, and means for inserting a fastener through a perforation thus formed, said fastener having originally a substantiallystraight entering portion to be formed into a loop embracing a portion of the pad between the perforations and the adjacent edge of the pad, said perforating means entering the pad from the same side as that on which the fastener enters the pad, s'ad inserting 40 means comprising rec'iprocable driving means for for thereafter inserting a fastener through said forcing said straight entering portion to travel endwise and guide means engaged by said originally straight fastenerportion in its movement for curling successive portions of the advance end of said straight portion to cause it to enter said 'perforation and form a loop extending through said perforation and around the adjacent edge of the pad, said perforations-being largeenough to enable the free entry and passage of the curled moving end of the fastener.

10. Apparatus for perforating and joining together the edges of sheets in pads by means of individual deformable fasteners, said fastener being originally substantially U-shaped and having two'substantially straight parallel spaced entering arm portions to be formed into a pair of loops embracing a portion of the pad between the perforations and the adjacent edge of the pad, com prising means for perforating the pad adjacent its edge, and means for thereafter inserting a fastener through said perforations comprising reciprocable driving means for forcing said straight parallel arm portions to travel endwise and guide means engaged by said straight portions in their movement for curling successive portions-of the advance ends ofsaid straight arm portions to cause them to enter said perforations and form loops extending through said perforations and around the adjacent edge of the pad, said perforations being large enough to enable the free entry and passage of the curled moving ends of the fastener.

11. Apparatus for binding together the edges of sheets in a pad by means of an individual deformable fastener, said pad comprising sheets having aligned perforations adjacent their edges, said fastener having originally a substantially straight entering portion to be formed into a loop embracing a portion of the pad between the perforations and the adjacent-edge of the pad comprising inserting means for forcing said straight entering portion to travel endwise, guide means engaged by said originally straight fastener portion in its movement for curling successive portions of the advance end of, said straight portion to cause it to enter said perforation and form a loop extending through said perforation and around the adjacent ed e of the'pad, said perforations being ,large enough to enable the free entry and passage of the curled moving end of the fastener, and means-for supplying individual fasteners one at a time to said inserting means.

12..Apparatus for binding together the edges of sheets in a pad by means of an individual deformable fastener, said pad comprising sheets having aligned perforations adjacent their edges, said fastener having originally a substantially straight entering portion to be formed into a loop embracing a portion of the pad. between the perforations and the adjacent edge of the pad comprising inserting means for forcing said straight entering portion to travel endwise, guide means engaged by said originally straight fastener portion in its movement for curling successive Dortions of the advance end of said straight portion straight entering portion to be formed into a loop embracing a portion of the pad between the perforations and the adjacent edge of, the pad comprising inserting" means for forcing said 7 .cessive portions of the advance end of said to cause it to enter said perforation and form a 4 loop extending through said perforation and around the adjacent edge of the pad, said perforations being large enough to enable the free entry and passage of the curled moving end of the fastener, and means for supplying individual fasteners one at a time to said inserting means, said guide means comprising a forming element engageable by the outside of the coiled portion of the fastener, and a forming element engageable by the inside of the coiled portion of the fastener and surrounded by said loop.

13. Apparatus for binding together the edges of sheets in a pad by means of an individual deformable fastener, said pad comprising sheets having aligned perforations adjacent their edges, said fastener having originally a substantially straight portion to cause it to enter said perforation and form a loop extending through said perforation. and around the adjacent edge of the pad, said perforations being large enough to enable the free entry and passage of the curled moving end of the fastener, and means for supplying individual fasteners one at a time to said inserting means, said guide means comprising a forming element engageable by the outside of the coiled portion of the fastener, and a forming element engageable by the inside of the coiled portion of the fastener and surrounded by said loop, said loop being removable with respect to said inside forming element by lateral movement of the loop with respect to said forming element.

14. Apparatus for binding together the edges of sheets in a pad by means of an individual deformable fastener, said pad comprising sheets having aligned perforations adjacent their edges. said fastener having originally a substantially straight entering portion to beformed into a loop embracing a portion of the pad between the perforations and the adjacent edge of the pad comprising inserting means for forcing said straight entering portion to travel endwise, guide means engaged by said originally straight fastener portion in its movement for curling successive portions of the advance end of said straight portion to cause it to enter said perforation and form a loop extending through said perforation and around the adjacent edge of the pad, said perforations being large enough to enable the free entryand passage of the curled moving end of the fastener, means for supplying individual fasteners one at a time to said inserting means, and means for bending the rearward end of said fastener to form a portion extending substantially V tangentially to said loop portion.

GEORGE G. GRINNELL.