US2369453A - X-ray generating means - Google Patents

Description

1945- E. R. GOLD FIELD ET AL 3 3 X-RAY GENERATING MEANS Original Filed April 2, 1941 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 EDWIN R. Gown/5L0 RALPH C. SCH/RING I28 I25 ROBERT J. STAVA 5V ATTORNEYS Feb.- 13, 1945.

E. R. GOLDFIELD ET AL RAYGENERATING MEANS Original Filed April 2, 1941 IIIIIIIIIIIJ:'IIIIIIIIIII 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 file v FIG-9 FIG.- l2

INVENTORS EDWIN R GOLDF/ELD RALPH C. Scrum/w; ROBERT I STA v4 i and 3; i

Fig. 8 is a view of a cross arm ina position dis- Patented F eb. 13, 1945 STATES PATENT OFFICE -R RATIN ANS Edwin R. Goldfield, Ralph C. Schiring, and Robert J. Stava, University Heights, Ohio, assignors to Picker X-Ray Corporation Waite Manufacturing Division, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Original application Apribzplil ll', Serial No.

386.390. Divided and this applicationlluly 18, i

for determining the position of a foreign body in a patient. i

Our invention also contemplates the construction and arrangement of the parts of the mobile unit and the construction whereby the different parts may be disassembled and packedinto a small spacesothat the device is capable of use as a field unit by the army. with a maximum of Other objects andwadvantages of thepresent invention will appear from-the accompanying description and drawingsand the'essentialfeatures will beset forth in theclaims. w

This application is a division of our copending application, Ser. No. 386,390, filed April 21941. Our copending application Ser..No. 451,4l6, filed July 18, 1942, disclosing the same device;contains claims to certain features not claimedlherein.

In the drawings,

1942.. SerialNo. 451,415 V p 7 Claims. 01.250 92) Fig. 13 is an enlarged fragmental sectionalview taken along the line l3 -l 3 of Fig.1; and v Fig. -14-isa top plan View of the basecarriage [4 M or Fig. i 3 r r The mobile unit here disclosed maybe protaken approximately from the position of the line vided withthe tracl; or Figs. loandb where the unit is to be used in the field where a separate fioor or trackmust be provided. Itis useful however without such'extratrack, in which case the unitmay be moved about on the floor of a hospital or ther room and such use of the unit is contemplated. The unit therefore is mounted upon a base carriage which as shown in the various views 'is built upof sheet metal parts p re1- erably welded together to give ag'enerally rectanusefulness and requiring the minimum of space.

Fig. 1 is an end elevation of our improvedapparatus Fig. 2 is asectional view taken along the line Fig. 3 is a side elevational view of theapparatus of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3A is an view taken along the lin'e3A3A of Fig.3;

Fig. 4 isa top plan view of a base floor or track along whichthe apparatus may be moved;

Fig. 5 is an enlargedtransverse sectional view.

taken along the line 55 of Fig. 4; l

. Fig. 6 is an exploded view of the apparatus of.

Fig. 3; a

Fig. '7 isan exploded view of a portion of the. localizer attachment of Figs. 1v

foreign body assembled from its associated parts ofFig. 6;

Fig. 8A is a top planview of the cross arm of F g- Fig. 9 is a securethe verticalmast sections together;

:Fig. 10 is a view of an end plate associated with the cross arm of Figs. Band 8A; i it i Fig. 11 is an enlargedverti'cal sectionalview; through the lower section of the vertical mast; Fig. 12 is a transverse sectionalyiew taken;

along the lin of enlarged fragmental sectional viewof the folding draw bolts which gular carriage supportedat one end by the two swiveling casters 26 and at the other end by the twowheels 21 which are supported upon axles 28 suitably mounted in -thecarriage 25. Preferably all of the wheels have rubbertires. The caster wheels was best seen in Fig. 13are mounted on forks 28 whicharecarr'ied by suitable studs 29 inthe carriage 25.. The wheels are on ball bear ings and the casters preferably alsofhave ball bearing mountings. Preferably means is provided for fixing the casters in position so that the wheels 26 areparallel to the wheels 27 to insure movement of carriage 25 in a straight line when i that is" desired. Tothis end each fork 28 is provided with a notch 28a into whicha bolt aumay be inserted when desired'to fix the casters against turning. This bolt 30 has threaded engagement at sl with a portion of the carriage 25 and extendsabove the top of the carriage where the bolt has a knurled end sea for itslmanipulation. a

Y The carriageis provided with a square well 32 into which fits tnebottom of a transformer case 33.] This case houses the usual high tension transformer adapted to 'receive current at sixty. cycles and low voltage from any ,fieldgenerator equipment when used under army field conditions orfromany othersuitable source when used under hospital conditions, The transformer of course will step up the current to the high voltage requirements for X-ray work. The transformer casing is preferably provided with ahandle 34. on

each sideso that it maybe moreeasily lifted. In

the upper portion of the transformercasing is a recess 35 adapted toTreceive thelower. end 36a of the control box-.36. This box houses any usual standard control circuits for X-ray equipment'ineluding" control knobs 31 and meters 38 sothat.

' v the equipment maybe-set for thepro'per operat mg conditions as is Well understood in this art.

attachment of a hand timer if desired, a foot cone trol switch and other auxiliary equipment. Also a connection (not shown) is provided between the control circuits in box 35 and the transformer in the'casing 33. All connections of separable wire connections differ in size, shape or arrangement so that proper connections are always assured. Shockproof cables 40 are connected bebers 51 is provided with a centrally located tween the upper rear portion of the transformer in casing 33 and the X-ray 'tube to he later described. The disassembled position of the base carriage, the transformercasing and the control boxis shown in Fig. 6 and the assembled position of these parts is shown in Figs. land 3, As best viewed in Figs. 1 and 3, these .parts are held in assembled relationshipby means of retaining rods 4|; one at each side of the unit, attached between the handle 39 at the top and a suitable opening 42 in the base carriage. Each rod has an overcenter toggle securing device 4 la so' as to hold the parts firmly in position. When the unit is disassembled for packing in the field kit each of the rods is fastened to the top of the base carriage, one on each side thereof, between the'points 43 and 44 shown in Fig. .14. r r

A vertical mast 45 is provided at one end of the base carriage upon which is mounted a vertically movable arm supporting carriage. This carriage 46 in turn supports thehorizontal cross threaded portion 62 located in a cup-shape depression below the sleeve projection 5111. When the bolt BI is extended downwardly through the hollowltubular mast sections the cup-shape re 'cess (guides. the end 6111 of the bolt, into the threaded opening '62, after which turning of the nut Bla causes the thread Bic to engage the threads at 62 so as to tightly draw the mast sections together. Each bolt BI is provided with a foldable joint as at 6| e so that the bolts may be packed in the field kit. The length of the upper, central and lower sections of the mast when dis-' assembled as shown in Fig. 6 are of approximately. the same length as'the longer dimension of the base carriage so that these parts will all fit in the same chest.

arm 4! upon the end of which is mounted a. C-

bracket 48 which carries the fluoroscopic screen 49 and the X-ray tube 50. The mast is mounted for rotation in a well casting 5| (Figs. 11 and 14) which is secured by bolts 52 to the base cara pair. of paralleltubes 53 tied together at the top by tie bars 54. The middle section is composed of the separate tubular members 55 and 56 and the bottom section is composed of parallel tubular members 51 tied together at the lower end by tie bars 58 and intermediate the ends mounted in a bearing disk 59. The lefthand tubes 53', 55 and 51 of Fig. 6 have secured rigidly to one side thereof rack members 60 which coactwith mechanism in the cross-arm supporting carriage 46 for the raising and lowering of that carriage. These rack members are very carefully located on their respective tubes so that when the mast is assembled the rack members are in accurate alinement. the various tubular members of the mast comprise sleeve projections 55a and 55aaccurately finished with very small tolerances to fit in the respective coacting lower 'ends of the tubular members 53. Positioning means comprises the small pins 551) and 561), respectively, which enterinto notches 5311 when the parts are assembled; "In a similar fashion the sleeve projections 51a on the lower mast section fit 'into the lower ends or the tubes 55"and56." Themas't is held together as a whole by means of folding draw bolts 61 best illustrated in Fig. 9. Each of these bolts carries awing nut 61a at the upper end and a centering washer 5 lb. The lower section'of the bolt-is threaded asat 51c and carries a guide extensionfild. It will be noted from Fig. 11 that each of the tubular mem The separable connections between The details of the mounting of the mast 45 in the base casting 5| are best seen in Figs. 11 and 12. 'This base casting has an annular perpendicular bearing surface at 5la adapted to coact with. the corresponding annular surface 59a of the disk .59. One of the tubular sections 51 carries .a bearing roller 63 on a shaft 64 which .extends through the tubeand is secured by. a nut 65., The vroller 63 is so positioned thatit bears upon the upper horizontal annular face 5Ib of the casting 51. Preferably this casting has slightly milled out hollow spots 66 located atfour points 90 apart so that the mast may be more or less definitely located in each of four oriented positions with the cross arm 41 extending either forward or rearward parallel to the longer dimension of the base carriage 25 or in position extending laterally to either side of the carriage; 25. It will be noted that the roller '63'is on that side of the mast beyond which the arm 41 extends to support the weight of the bracket 48;

,- the bottom tie bars- 58 are provided with a cen-'- trally ,located openinginto. which enters a stud 61 which as shown in Fig. 11 is bolted to the central bottom vportion of the casting 5|. The positions of the bearing surfaces on the-disk 519 are accurately located with reference to the stud 6-1 and all of the coacting bearing surfaces in-' cluding the central aperture in the bars 58 are held to very small tolerances so that the mast is very firmly supported in erected position.

For holding the mastflin assembled position within the base casting 5|, a latch '68 is slidably supported beneath the disk 59 in a bracket 69. A spring 10 :urges the .latch radially outwardly. Through a slot 59b 'in :the disk 59 extends a pin or handle H by which the latch maybe manipulated. The nose of the latch is adapted to enter into an "annular groove 51c in the inner wall -:of the "casting 5| near the top thereof when the mast is assembled in the base. i

Means .is provided .for moving the cross arm supporting carriage 46 vertically along the mast 4'5and for holding this carriage in any position to which it is moved. This means comprises a gear 12 indicated in Fig. 6 which engages the rack member 60 and which 'in turn is operated bya pinion 13 which in turn is operated by a removable crank which may be inserted from either side of carriage :46 a't point :14. In connection with the gear mechanism T2, '13 we provide Patent No. 2,123,528, granted July 12,1938, toEdwin R. Goldfield and Caperton B. Horsley, As clearly described in the said patent the crank handle may be rotated freely. to move the carriage45 up and down but when manipulation of the crank handle ceases the built in clutch mechanism automatically locks the carriage in the position to which it has been moved. 1

the teaching of Patent No. 2,087,095,. granted f The horizontal cross arm 41 comprises a pair of parallel tubular members rigidly connected together at one end by the tie bar and the-disk 16. This cross arm is supported on suitable rollers in the carriage 45so that the arm is freely slidable in a horizontal direction. The cross arm 41 when disassembled as shown inFigs. 8 and 8A is of approximately the same length as the longer dimension of carriage or the various sections of the mast so as to fit in the same chest withthose parts. The ends of the tubular portions of the cross arm 41 opposite the tie bar 15 are normally rigidly connected. together by means of an end plate assembly best seen in Fig. 10. This comprises two bars 11 and 18 pivotally connected together at 19. In the bar 11 are two openings 11a adapted to pass over the button projections 41a on the ends of the tubular members of the cross arm 41. The arms 18 have slotted openings 18w adapted to swing into position embracing the neck portions 41b which supportthe buttons 41a so as to securethe end plate assembly on the two tubular members of the cross arm 41. Extruded spots 80 onlthe arms "and 18 interengage with snap action to hold the end plate assembly in assembled position untilthe same is forcibly removed. It will be understood that with the endplate assembly removed the cross arm 41 is readily inserted through the carriage 46 after which the end plate assembly is secured in position to not only hold the connected ends ofthe cross arm 41 rigid but also to limit transverse movement of the cross arm 41.

The bracket 48. is, removably mounted on the outer end of the cross arm 41 for rotation relative thereto.

41c extending beyond the disk 16 which enters a suitable bossed opening in the bracket 48. Preferably the opening is provided with a plain bearing '8I which embraces the nose 41c. idly mounted on the nose and slightly spaced from the disk 16 is a truncated cone disk 82. Mounted on the bracket 48 is a stamping 83 having an arm 83a which is. loosely bolted to the bracket. The stamping has a beveled nose 83b which engages behind the cone surface of the disk 82 so as to hold the bracket 48rotatably on the nose 41c and to act additionally as a friction lock if desired. A wing nut 84 controls the p0 The disk 16 ispro-.

on the right-hand side as viewed in Fig. 1, is

provided with a marking dial graduated in degrees so that the operator can determine the position of the main portion of bracket 48 relative to the horizontal or vertical when adjusting the position of bracket 48 rotatably about the nose 41c. i t

The mounting of the screen and X-ray tube onthe bracket 48 and the mounting ofthis r e On. the gr a m, .41 pr er b y .f low This construction is best seen in Figs. Land 3a. The cross arm has a nose in rotatable fashion. I

October 26, 1937, to :Edwin R. Goldfield,Caperton'B. Horsley and Ralph C. Schiring. Reference may behad to this patent for further description if necessary. I

The X-ray tube .50 is of standard construetion andis removably secured at the point 9| to an arm of the bracket 48 by a-connection which isqin all respects similarto-that shown in Figs. 3A and the partshave the same dimensions so that if desired the bracket 48 may be removed from the nose 41c and the X-ray tube 58 imay. be directly mounted on the nose 410 The high tension cables 4|] as previously men.- tioned are connected between the transformer 33 and the X-ray tube 5|]. The excess length of these cablesis supported in two cable supports I I23 mounted on opposite sides of the cable support slide I24 which is movable up and down the mast 45. A spring catch onthe slide I24 engages the rack 60 so as to hold the cable supports in any adjusted position. This construction is best seen in Fig. 2 wherein the dog I16 is rigidly secured to an arm I11 which is loosely mounted in the cable support slide. I24 so that the dog engages the rack 80. A spring I18 on a pin I18 yieldingly urges the dog into engagement with therack. The end of arm I11 overlies a portion of carriage .46 so that as the carriage is cranked upwardly the dog I16 is automatically released,

and the cable support slide I24 moves up the mast 45 in advance of carriage 46.

The base carriage 25 as previously mentioned,

may be provided with a track I25 (Figs. 4 and 5) when some separate additional surface is necessary to support the carriage or when the unit is used as a. foreign bodylocalizer. This: track is preferably provided in a plurality of sections, the dimensions of which permit them to be placed in the same sized chest which accommodates the carriage 25, the various sections of the mast and other parts previously described. In other words the longer dimension of each of the sections l'25a,j I25? and I250 is approximately the same as the longer' di-mension of the carriage 25 and the width is not any greater than that of the carriage. .Along one side of the track sections is secured a flat, plain track surface I26. Along the oppositesides of the sections runs a flange track I21. These tracks may slope downwardly toward the floor at the points l26a and I21a so as to facilitate the movement of the carriage 25 on and off the track. It will be understood that the track sections are secured to their respective of the sections I25a, b, e, when the parts, are

floor sections and are broken at approximately the same points although the breaks in the track proper and the supporting base may be slightly overlapped if desired. Along the outside of track I21 are secured sections of a rack I28 which is adapted 'tofcoact with the foreign body localizer as described in the above-mentionedv parent apunderneath. .In this space are slidably mounted:

channel-shape connecting members I28 which are slidably retained beneath one or the other packed in the field kit, but which may 'be pulled out to extend in connecting position,. one set between the sections I25a and I25b and "the other set b we n theseq ne fi a 5 These;

. draw bolts.

slidableccnne'ctors areheld imposition by'spring" pressed pins 130, the spring arms "cf-which are riveted tot-he base track sections at the points I31. The supports for connecting members 129 comprise upwardly facing channel members 129a secured to the under surface of the track sections and embracing the members I29. Preferably another upwardly facing channel member l29b is secured along the center of each track section so that the edge flanges 12501 and the channel members l29aand I2'9b present a .fairly large surface to hand or soft ground upon which the equipment may rest in the fi'eld. Obviously also the members [29a protect the connecting members -12 9 from dirt and thelike.

. .It is believed that the operation :of the appasition of Fig. 3 and raised .bymeans of carriage.

4G to the dot-dash position :of Fig. 3,. theequipmerit-may be-used for vertical fiuo-roscopy... .In this position of thepartsit will be notedthat the screen lllis directly in front of an operator standing alongside of the control box 36 withthe' control knobs 31 and the meters 38 directly at the left-hand of the operator so that he may readil control the equipment with his left hand" while manipulating the screen and other equ ip: 'men-t with his right hand. With the parts inthe' position of Fig. 1 it will be noted that the lower.

offset arm of bracket .48 extends sufficiently be low thecross arm 41 that the tube 50 may be lowered practically to the floor or other supporting surface upon which the carriage 25 rides.-

When the-apparatus is to be used for horizontal radiography the carriage. 46 .is run up the mast 45, the bracket 48 is rotated 180 from the position shown in Fig. land the screen 49 is eitherzremoved or turned about a suitable pivot until it is out of the Way. With this position of the parts the tube 50 may be placed high above the patient because the offsetof bracket 48 relative to arm l'l-gives this additional height above the top-:of the mast 45. If it is desired to traverse.

the equipment lengthwise of the body of .a patient the casters 26 may be locked by the bolts 323 and the equipment maybe moved in a line parallel to the length of the .patients body. At the same time the transverse .movement made possible by the cross arm 41 permits traversingv ofthe equipment in a direction at right angles to the patients body. l

A number of the parts which have "just been described may be packed in a chest having'inside dimensions of 16 width, 28" length and 14 height. At the bottom of the chest may be packed-the top mast section, the two center mastsections "or tubular members and the folding In a layer just-above this may be packed-the carriage/25 and on the top layer of thechest maybe packed the bottom mastsection with the cross arm supportingcarriage in-p'osi tion thereon, together with the cross arm itself, the cable supports and the radiation cone;

Inetting up this portion of'theapparatus the lower asearrss:

hasalreadybeendescribed.

i Ano therchest of thesame size above mentioned may have the X-ray tube packed therein, together with the high tension shockproof cables, a tube motor cable and other small'accessories. The control box may be packed in a chest of the sames'ize along with a main line cable for connecting-the control box with the generator as previously mentioned, together with a foot switch and timer if desired, a lamp for the forsign-body localizer, spare parts and other smallaccessory equipment.'

In a fourth-chest maybe packed the dumpscop'ic screen and the bracket 48 and the detachable parts of the foreign body localizer to be later described. Also the three track sections of Fig. 4 have approximately the same overall dimensions as the carriage '25 so that they may be placed in the same size chest as the other parts. What we claim is:

X-rayapparatus comprising a low carriage movable on asupporting surface, a vertical mast on said carriage, an arm support movable along said mast down to the level of said carriage, an arm horizontally movable in said support, abracket on said arm-ofiset from said arm by an amount substantially equal to the height of said carriage above said surface, and an X-ray tube at the oifse't end of said-bracket, whereby with said support at the bottom of said mast and with said bracket offset turned downwardly said tube maybe placed substantially on said supporting surfa'o r '2.-In X -"ray' apparatus, a low base carriage movableon asupporting surface, there being a recess in the upper face of said carriage, a transformer seated in said recess, there being-a second recess in the upper face of said transformer, a control 'box 'seated in'saids'econd recess, and do: 'tachabletension means "holding said control-box and'transformer in position on said carriage.

3. In X-ray-apparatus, a base carriage, a vertical m ast for-supporting an X-ray tube, and a separable connection between the lower end of said-mast and said carriage mounting saidmast for rotationabout a vertical axis, said connection comprising a bearing in line with said axis, an annular bearing above said first bearing and concentric 'with'saidaxis, a, horizontal bearing surface on said carriage, and a'roller on said mast engaging said horizontal bearing surface.

4.-'The= combination'of-claim 3 including an X- ray tube mounted on said mast and laterally offset at one side of said mast, andsaid roller being located at the same sideof said mast.

{5; In X-rayapparatus, a base carriage, wheel means at each end supporting said carriage, one of said wheel means having caster mounting means, -'a vertical mast on said carriage, an armsupport movablealong said mast, an arm horizonta1ly;movablein said support, an X-ray tube on said arm, and means for'fixing the position of said caster mounting means to hold both of 'said' wheel means parallel, whereby said Wheel means support said carriage and tube for straight line;

movement in one direction and said arm sup ports said tube for transverse movement in an other direction' Y ollnfapparatus of the class described, a car-i flags-movable along ahori'zontal-surface; a vertii cal mast on said carriage, a second carriage movable vertically on said mast, an X-ray tube supported by said second carriage, electricity supply equipment on said first named carriage cable means betweensaidlequipment and said tube, a support for said cable means movablevertically on said mast, a latch for holding said cable support in adjusted position on said mast, and means for releasing said latch by upward movement of said second carriage. v i

7. In X-ray apparatus, abase carriage, a vertical mast on said carriage for supporting an X- ray tube, said mast comprising two parallel tubes,

each tube having a plurality of members adapted to be assembled in vertical alinement, said memmast, a horizontally movable arm slidable in said last-named carriage, an X-ray tube on said arm,

rack portions on the several members of one of said parallel tubes, said interfitting parts being arranged to aline said rack portions when said members are assembled, and a gear rotatably mounted on said last-namedcarriage and coacting with said rack to raise and lower said lastnamed carriage as said gear is rotated.

EDWIN R. GOLDF'IELD. RALPH c. SCHIRING. ROBERT J sTAVA.

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