US2365959A - Stainless steel wire - Google Patents
Stainless steel wire Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2365959A US2365959A US41250941A US2365959A US 2365959 A US2365959 A US 2365959A US 41250941 A US41250941 A US 41250941A US 2365959 A US2365959 A US 2365959A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- wire
- stainless steel
- steel wire
- wax
- die
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C9/00—Cooling, heating or lubricating drawing material
- B21C9/02—Selection of compositions therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M5/00—Solid or semi-solid compositions containing as the essential lubricating ingredient mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/02—Water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/14—Synthetic waxes, e.g. polythene waxes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/16—Paraffin waxes; Petrolatum, e.g. slack wax
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/17—Fisher Tropsch reaction products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/022—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing at least two hydroxy groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/22—Metal working with essential removal of material, e.g. cutting, grinding or drilling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/24—Metal working without essential removal of material, e.g. forming, gorging, drawing, pressing, stamping, rolling or extruding; Punching metal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/241—Manufacturing joint-less pipes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/242—Hot working
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/243—Cold working
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
- C10N2040/245—Soft metals, e.g. aluminum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
- C10N2040/246—Iron or steel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
- C10N2040/247—Stainless steel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/10—Semi-solids; greasy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2922—Nonlinear [e.g., crimped, coiled, etc.]
- Y10T428/2925—Helical or coiled
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
- Y10T428/2936—Wound or wrapped core or coating [i.e., spiral or helical]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31678—Of metal
- Y10T428/31714—Next to natural gum, natural oil, rosin, lac or wax
Definitions
- This invention relates to stainless steel wire, the object being to provide this product in such a. form that it can be subjected to cold-forming operations with less of a tendency for its surface to be marred or scratched, and so that it can be more easily coiled and uncoiled.
- Stainless steel wire is produced by drawing stainless steel through dies, this imparting a highly finished surface which, in practically all instances, it is desirable to maintain. Due to its analysis, the wire is inherently very hard so that it strongly resists cold deformation, this resulting in high die pressures during the produc tion of the wire, and necessitating the use of high pressures when this wire is ultimately coldformed into articles of commerce.
- stainless steel wire of relatively high carbon content such as .14% carbon, is used to make brushes, springs, wire ropes, etc., the fabrication of which requires cold deformation of the wire beyond its elastic limit so as to set it in the form of the product desired, and this, in turn,
- the wax used may be beeswax, Chinese wax,
- this wax film provides a lubricating effect preventing marring of the highly finished surface of the stainless steel wire when it is forced past fixed parts during its fabrication into cold-formed articles, such as springs, brushes, wire rope, etc.
- stainless steel wire has the characteristics that when it is coiled or uncoiled the various convolutions tend to stick together due to their having such a high coeflicientof friction, and although the wire with its wax film looks just like the prior art stainless steel wire, it will be found to handle much easier in such instances. Furthermore,
- Stainless steel wire in coil form with its surface carrying a compressed film consisting solely of wax of the class consisting of beeswax, Chinese wax, paraffin, bayberry wax and carnauba wax having melting temperatures exceeding 40 C., said film being die-worked into the surface of the wire under pressure so extremely high that the wire is reduced in size by the die-working, said film being substantially invisible while being detectable by the wire having a waxy feel giving it antifriction properties.
Description
26, c. R. HORWEDEL 2,365,959
STAINLESS STEEL WIRE Filed'Sept. 2s, 1941 57Zl/VLE55 STEEL WIRE TRANSPARENT WAX FILM DIE-WORKED INTO WIRE Sue/mes To REA/DER IT SUBSTANT/ALLH lNV/S/BLE.
COILED STA/Mess 'STEEL .W/RE T SToc'K SHOM/A/ 0v F16. 1..
INVENTOR Cmms IP/CHHRO HORWEDEL,
Patented Dec. 26, 1944 STAHVLESS STEEL WIRE Charles Richard Horwedel, Lakewood, Ohio, assignor to The American Steel and Wire Company of New Jersey, a corporation of New Jersey Application September 26, 1941, Serial No.- 412,509 1 Claim. (Cl. 29180) This invention relates to stainless steel wire, the object being to provide this product in such a. form that it can be subjected to cold-forming operations with less of a tendency for its surface to be marred or scratched, and so that it can be more easily coiled and uncoiled.
The present application is a continuation, in part, of a copending application filed by the same inventor on May 21, 1940, and bearing Serial No. 336,441. This application has now issued as Patent No. 2,260,455.
Stainless steel wire is produced by drawing stainless steel through dies, this imparting a highly finished surface which, in practically all instances, it is desirable to maintain. Due to its analysis, the wire is inherently very hard so that it strongly resists cold deformation, this resulting in high die pressures during the produc tion of the wire, and necessitating the use of high pressures when this wire is ultimately coldformed into articles of commerce. For instance, stainless steel wire of relatively high carbon content, such as .14% carbon, is used to make brushes, springs, wire ropes, etc., the fabrication of which requires cold deformation of the wire beyond its elastic limit so as to set it in the form of the product desired, and this, in turn,
is done by automatic machinery using fixed guides, and the like, past which the wire is forced and which deflect the wire so as to set it in its desired form. In all such instances, a problem is encountered in that, due to high pressures between the moving wire and the fixed guide parts, there is a decided tendency for the wire to become marred or scratched, this being disadvantageous for various reasons, such as the lowering of fatigue life caused by a scratch in the case of a spring, the acceleration of corrosion resulting from such a defect in the case of all products, and the general detraction from the appearance in the case of those products which are required to have eye-appeal. r I In the copending application, the problems encountered in the drawing of such wire are disclosed as being solved by continuously drawing stainless steel wire through a series of dies of the required hardness, the wire being coated with a solid wax and drawn successively through the dies, thewax melting as the wire draws through each die and being then immediately bathed with a fluid coolant so as to resolidify the wax so that it issolid when the wire encounters a succeeding die. It is disclosed that the wax must have a melting temperature of not less than 40 0., and that it must, in each instance,
. be bathed by the coolant upon leaving each die,
including the. last die, so that the wire retains a .waxed coating. This was coating remains on the finished product and facilitates its further processing or manipulation.
The wax used may be beeswax, Chinese wax,
parafiin, bayberry wakwor carnauba wax, all
5 having a melting temperature exceeding 40C.
and facilitating its coiling and uncoiling. Al-
though substantially invisible, this wax film provides a lubricating effect preventing marring of the highly finished surface of the stainless steel wire when it is forced past fixed parts during its fabrication into cold-formed articles, such as springs, brushes, wire rope, etc.
In addition to the above advantages, stainless steel wire has the characteristics that when it is coiled or uncoiled the various convolutions tend to stick together due to their having such a high coeflicientof friction, and although the wire with its wax film looks just like the prior art stainless steel wire, it will be found to handle much easier in such instances. Furthermore,
there is much less chance of the surface of this product being marred during shipping, when it carries the wax film disclosed herein. It is to be understood that in all instances the wax film may be easily removed from the fabricated artieles should this prove desirable, although in most instances it is unnecessary. All of the waxes mentioned may be removed by various solvents, carbon tetrachloride having been found satisfactory.
40 'The wire disclosed herein is illustrated by the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 being a greatly enlarged cross-section of the wire showing the wax film, while Figure 2 shows in elevation a coil of the wire shown by Figure 1.
I claim:
Stainless steel wire in coil form with its surface carrying a compressed film consisting solely of wax of the class consisting of beeswax, Chinese wax, paraffin, bayberry wax and carnauba wax having melting temperatures exceeding 40 C., said film being die-worked into the surface of the wire under pressure so extremely high that the wire is reduced in size by the die-working, said film being substantially invisible while being detectable by the wire having a waxy feel giving it antifriction properties.
CHARLES RICHARD HORWEDEL.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US41250941 US2365959A (en) | 1931-11-17 | 1941-09-26 | Stainless steel wire |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US575638A US1948194A (en) | 1931-11-17 | 1931-11-17 | Metal-forming lubricants |
US41250941 US2365959A (en) | 1931-11-17 | 1941-09-26 | Stainless steel wire |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2365959A true US2365959A (en) | 1944-12-26 |
Family
ID=27021806
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US41250941 Expired - Lifetime US2365959A (en) | 1931-11-17 | 1941-09-26 | Stainless steel wire |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2365959A (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2592614A (en) * | 1946-01-08 | 1952-04-15 | Champion Paper & Fibre Co | Method of making tubular metallic wave guides |
US2600534A (en) * | 1950-10-06 | 1952-06-17 | Hawkinson Paul E Co | Method of making coiled wire for use in antiskid pneumatic tire treads |
US2679680A (en) * | 1947-02-01 | 1954-06-01 | Allegheny Ludlum Steel | Wire-coursing die |
US2700812A (en) * | 1946-09-18 | 1955-02-01 | Field Crosby | Metal wool method |
US2763054A (en) * | 1952-03-05 | 1956-09-18 | Montgomery H A Co | Coating compositions and methods of coating metal products |
US2840890A (en) * | 1952-03-19 | 1958-07-01 | Armco Steel Corp | Wire coating |
US3506413A (en) * | 1966-09-30 | 1970-04-14 | Fuji Iron & Steel Co Ltd | Surface treated steel sheet suitable for forming |
-
1941
- 1941-09-26 US US41250941 patent/US2365959A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2592614A (en) * | 1946-01-08 | 1952-04-15 | Champion Paper & Fibre Co | Method of making tubular metallic wave guides |
US2700812A (en) * | 1946-09-18 | 1955-02-01 | Field Crosby | Metal wool method |
US2679680A (en) * | 1947-02-01 | 1954-06-01 | Allegheny Ludlum Steel | Wire-coursing die |
US2600534A (en) * | 1950-10-06 | 1952-06-17 | Hawkinson Paul E Co | Method of making coiled wire for use in antiskid pneumatic tire treads |
US2763054A (en) * | 1952-03-05 | 1956-09-18 | Montgomery H A Co | Coating compositions and methods of coating metal products |
US2840890A (en) * | 1952-03-19 | 1958-07-01 | Armco Steel Corp | Wire coating |
US3506413A (en) * | 1966-09-30 | 1970-04-14 | Fuji Iron & Steel Co Ltd | Surface treated steel sheet suitable for forming |
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