US2356993A

US2356993A - Radial pump

Info

Publication number: US2356993A
Application number: US474658A
Authority: US
Inventors: Rudolph W Glasner; Einar K Johansen
Original assignee: MIDWEST HYDRAULICS Inc
Current assignee: MIDWEST HYDRAULICS Inc
Priority date: 1943-02-04
Filing date: 1943-02-04
Publication date: 1944-08-29
Anticipated expiration: 1961-08-29

Description

' 5 sheets-shea 2 Aug. 29, 1944. R. w. GLASN'ER ET AL RADIAL PUMP Filed Reb; 4, 194s Aug- 29, 1944 R. w. GLAsNER ET AL l 2,356,993

RADIAL PUMP Filed Feb. 4, 1943 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 jdzansen v I Aug. 29, 1944.

R. W. GLASNER. ET AL RADIAL UMP Filed Feb. 4, 1943 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 R. w. GLASNR Ei- Al. 2,356,993

RADIAL PUMP l Filed Feb' 4' 1945 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 vl a4 www- Patented Aug. 29,l 1944 RADIAL PUMP Rudolph W. Glasne'r, Chicago,

and Einar K.

Johansen, Oak Park, lll., assignors, by mesne assignments, to Midwest Hydraulics, Inc., Chicago. Ill., a corporation of Illinois y Application February 4,1943, semi No'. 414,658

(ci. 1oz-114) Claims.

This invention relates to variable displacement multi-plunger type pumps or motors in which the cylinders in which the pistons reciprocate are stationary.. and the means which actuate the pistons in one direction are rotatable, and one of the objects of the invention is to simplify and improve the construction and arrangement, and to reduce to a minimumthe heavy rotating mass in pumps of this general character.

A further object is to reduce the size of such pumps and to permit the pump to be operated at ahlgh rate of speed, at the same time maintain.

-ing a high capacity, and improved means for varying or adjusting the capacity or volumetric 4 discharge of the pump.

A further object is to provide a pump of this character in which the pistons will be moved in one direction byl positive means, and in the oppo site direction by fluid pressure, means being provided whereby the piston positive actuating means may be readily adjusted at will to vary the vol-f umetric discharge of the pump.

A further object is to provide in a pump of this character, improved means whereby the fluid will be delivered into the cylinders through a hollow rotating shaft, which fluid, due to the centrifugal action of the shaft, will be forced into ,the suction line leading to the pump cylinders;

The passage through which the fluid iiows into the cylinders serves both as an inlet and a dis.- charge outlet for the respective cylinders. the nal discharge of the uid being controlled by a rotating valve mechanism. y

'I'he arrangement of the valve and pump is such that very large suction openings and large overlap will be produced, thereby increasing the eiilciency and ease of operation of the pump. Furthermore, the number of rotating parts is reduced-to a minimum. and such parts are located in close proximity to the center of rotation, the pump and its parts all being lubricated by the incoming duid which is being circulated by the pump.

To the attainment of these `ends and the accomplishment of other new and useful objects as will appear, the invention consists in the features of novelty in substantially the construction, combination and arrangement of the several parts: hereinafter more fully described and 'in various positions.

Fig. 3 is a left-hand end elevation of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a detail horizontal sectional view taken on line 4 4, Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a detail view, partly in elevation and partly in section, taken on line 5 5, Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 vis a detail sectional view taken on line 6 6, Fig. 5.

Figa?, 8, 9 and 10 are sectional views taken on line 1|, Fig. 1, showing the` valve element Referring more particularly to the drawings, there is shown a pump embodying a casing ii, having .a cover member It removably secured thereto by means offastening bolts Il. In the casing there is provided a plurality of radially arranged bores or cylinders It encompassing a central opening I8. These cylinders are arranged in a common plane and `are preferably spaced at equal distances from each other, any number of cylinders being employed, and the number may be varied in accordance gwith the pumping characteristics desired.

Each of the cylinders il is closed at its outer end in any suitable manner, preferably 'by means of a plug or member 20 having an extension 2l which projects into the cylinder for any desired.

distance, the member 2| being preferably reduced at its end 22 to form a chamber 22.

The casing I5 is provided, adjacent each of the cylinders, with a chamber 28, each of the cylinders having communication with the respective chambers 26 by means of lateral openings 25 in the respective members 2 I.

Arranged in each of the cylinders is a piston member 21, which is provided with a reduced end 28 that has a bearing in the member 2l and projects into a chamber 24.

The casing i5 is provided, at the inner end of each of the cylinders I8, with an enlarged portion 29 preferably provided with a straight wall III, andslidable within this portion 29 is a member or cross-head 3i which is angular in crosssection and engages the walls l0 so as to maintain the member 3| against axial rotation.

.Carried by the member 3| and journaled upon a suitable shea sz' is arpuer n having a bau pr claimed and shown in the accompanying draw-I" ings illustrating this invention, and in which Fig. l is a vertical longitudinal sectional'view of a pump constructed inaccordance with th principles of thisinventlon. Il111113. 2 is a sectional view taken on line 2-2,

from the piston 21, 'but contacts che end of the fiston to positively Vmove the latter in one direc- Pssil-lgthrolllh th cilsinl 15 1S 8' Shaft I5, which is supported by means of sleeves 36-31 sel cured theretofor rotation therewith, and interposed between the sleeve It' and the wall of an opening in the cover member it, through which the sleeve passes, are roller bearings 38. Similar roller bearings 39 are disposed between the sleeve 31 and the wall 40 of an opening in the casing I5. These roller bearings38-39 Aare disposed in close proximity to the plane of rotation of an eccentric member 4I, which latter encompasses the shaft 35 and is secured thereto for rotation therewith by means of cam or wedgeshaped members 43-44, which latter pass through the eccentric 4| and are respectively movable in guides or ways 45-46 in the shaft 35. Encompassing the eccentric 4| is anannular member 41, ball or roller bearings 48 being disposed between theperiphery of the eccentric 4| and the inner surface of the annular member 41. The eccentric 4|, together with the annular member 41, is held against displacement in directions lengthwise of the axis 35 by means of portions 49 on the sleeves 33-31, and these sleeves are of such an internal diameter as to permit the cam or wedge-shaped `members 43-44 .to be moved in directions lengthwise of the shaft 35.

It will therefore be manifest that as the eccentric is secured to the shaft 35, it will be rotated by the rotation of the shaft 35, and as-the annular member 41 engages the roller 33 onthe members 3|', which latter engage the pistons 21, the pistons will be moved positively by the eccentric in one direction. The extent of movement of the pistons 21 by the eccentric is controlled by the position of the eccentric with respect to the shaft 35. .That is, by adjusting the eccentric in directions transverse to the axis of the shaft 35, the extent of movement of the pistons 21-will be varied, with the result that the volumetric discharge of the pump will also be varied.

Any suitable means may be provided for adjusting the cam or wedge-shaped members 43-44. It

sltion of the eccentric 4| with respect to the shaft 35, and therefore the extent of movement of the respective pistons 21 in one direction.

Within the Wall of the casing |5 a plurality of passages 62 are provided, one of these passages leading to each of the cylinders I3 and communicating with the respective chambers 23, to serve as both an inlet and a, discharge outlet for the fluid. When the piston 21 is moved in one direction, that is, in a direction toward the shaft 35, a suction will be created in these passages 32 and iiuid will be drawn into the cylinders I8 through the chambers 23, but when the piston is moved in the opposite direction by the eccentric, the fluid will be discharged through the same passages 32.

Fluid is supplied to the cylinders through the shaft 35, a portion of which shaft is tubular, as at .63, and the shaft is provided with a lateral opening 64 that is adapted to be brought into communication with the passages 62, and moved out of communication therewith, during the rotation of the shaft. To accomplish this, there is y provided a tubular valve member 65 which encompasses the tubular end of the shaft. This valve member is provided with a passage way 63 that has communication with the passage 64 and is movable into and out of communication, respectively, with the passages 62. I The valve member 65 is also provided with another passage way B1 which has communication with an annular passage way 88 in a sleeve 3l that encompasses the valve. member 65 and has a bearing in the opening in the wall of th casing I5.

The passage way 63 has communication with a dischargeoutlet 10 for the fluid. Thus, when the shaft 35 is rotated, and with it the valve member 65, the passage 66 is successively brought will be noted that these members taper in opposite directions, and may beof any desired configuration to restl upon or extend about the shaft 35.

A suitable and efficient means for adjusting the eccentric comprises a sleeve 53 which is rotatable with the shaft 35.' This sleeve 50 is provided with a recess 5|, into which a shoulder or projection 52 on each of the members 43-44 projects, and the sleeve 50 is disposed within another sleeve 53, which latter has threaded engagement 54 into a tubular member 55, the latter being secured to the cover member I6 by means of fastening bolts 56,

Disposed within the sleeve 53, and intermediate the sleeve 50 Aand the inner face of the sleeve 53, are ball bearings 51, a collar 53 being provided to maintain these parts in relative position.

A cap member 5 9 is secured in position by means of a fastening pin or bolt 60. It will be manifest that by rotating the cap' member 53 in any suitable manner, such as by means of an implement inserted into one or more openings 5I in the cap member, and as the member 59 is secured to the sleeve 53, which latter has threaded engagement with the tubular member 55', the sleeve 5I) will be moved in one direction or the other, according to the direction of rotation of the sleeve 50. This will move the cam or wedge-shaped members 43-44 in directions lengthwise of the shaft 35 and through the eccentric 4 I, thereby causing the eccentric 4I to be adjusted in directions transverse to the axis 35, according to the direction of rotation of the sleeve 53. Such adjustment may be accomplished while the shaft 35 is rotating, if desired. Therefore, by adjusting the sleeve 53, the volumetric discharge of the pump may be varied, because such adjustment will determine the pointo communication with the passages 32 so as to deliver fluid into the respective cylinders. Upon further rotation of the valve member, the passage Way 61, through the medium 0f passages 1I and 1|, is successively brought into communication with the passage 62, thereby permitting the uid to be discharged from the pump by the piston 21, to be delivered throughthe discharge outlet 10.

By referring to Figures -7 to 10, it will be noted that the passage way 64 is brought into communication with certain of the passage ways 32, while others of the passage ways 82 are brought into communication with the discharge outlet passage 81, and as the valve member rotates, fluid will be successively drawn into the cylinders, and subsequently the iiuid will be successively discharged from the cylinders through the passages 62, through the outlet passage 10.

The valve member 65 is held in position by means of a collar 12, and, ii' desired, roller bearings 13 may be mounted upon the end of the shaft 35 and held in position by means of an adjustable sleeve or member 14 that, in turn, is secured by means of a fastening member 15 tothe tubu-v gear 19 that is secured to the shaft 35 for rotation therewith, and through the medium of which gear member the shaft is rotated.

The pistons 21 are movedin the opposite direction, that is, in a direction opposed to theidirection of movement thereof by the eccentric,.by

fluid pressure which may be derived from any suitable source, such as from a pump 18 which may be of any desired or suitable construction.

Sunice it to say that the pump is operated many -suitable manner, and is provided with an inlet opening 19* and a discharge outlet opening 8l, so that fluid will be deliveredfrom the pump through the outlet 80 under pressure, soas to flow through a pipe or passage way Il, to be delivered to an annular chamber'82 in the pump casing, and an annular plate 82, and from the chamber 82 through passage ways 88, into the chambers 28, through the passages 2l, so as to operate upon the end of the portion 2l of the respective pistons, thereby moving the respective pistons 21 in the opposite direction, or in a direction to create suction and draw iiuid into the cylinders, by the action of the fluid discharged from the pump 18. i

It will therefore be manifest that, inasmuch as theannular chamber 82 is in communication with the respective passages 88 (see Fig. 1) of the diderent cylinders, there will be a constant pressure `exerted upon the pistons, tending to move them in a direction towards the shaft 88. How.- ever, as the eccentric will resist such movement of the pistons, the pressure ofthe fluid against the end of the pistonswill cause the pistons to remain in contact with the eccentric, and as soon as the eccentric has assumed a proper position, the pistons will be moved inwardly and will always remain in contact with the eccentric through the intermediate members. This movement `of the pistons under the i'iuid pressure causes the fluid to be drawn into the cylinders, to be discharged therefrom by the pistons when the pistons are moved in the opposite direction by the eccentric. Y'

If desired, a fluid pressure relief valve 84 may be arranged within the fluid pressure line 8l. This valve may be of any desired construction, and may be set through the medium of a spring, or other means, to control the valve 88,

is carried by the shaft 35, as shown more clearlyv in Fig. 4, so that upon operation of the pump 18 the shaft 35 will be' rotate'd. and with it the eccentric 4I, together with the valve member 8l.

It is thought that the operation of the pump will be clearly understood from the foregoing, but, briefly stated, it is as follows:

The eccentric 4i is adjusted to the desired position, according to the volumetric discharge that is desired, by the adjustment of the cam or wedge-shaped members M by sliding them longitudinally of the shaft 35. When the pump 18 is operated,v uid pressure will be created thereby, which will be manifested through the passages l2 through the passages 84-88 (see also Fig. 1), while the pistons 21 are being moved under the influence of the fluid pressure from the pump 18, and at the same time the passage 81 of the valve member will assume a position with others of the passages B2 so as to receive a discharge of fluid from the passages 62. to be delivered to the outlet 10. Thus, it lwill be seen that as the shaft 35 and eccentric I I rotate, the passages l2 will successively and alternately deliver fluid to the cylinders I8, and will receive the discharge of fluid 'from the cylinders I8, according to the'direction of movement of the pistons 21. By adjusting the position of theeccentric Il in the manner heretofore described,

the volumetric discharge of the pump may ber varied.

' Lubricating uid will flow within the casing, and Y pipe 8i against the ends of the pistons 21, tendingto force the pistons inwardly towards the shaft, and holding the ends thereof in contact with the members 8l which, in turn, engage the Yannular member "carried by the eccentric 4I.

' shown more clearly in Figures 7 to 10, while the Suitable lubrication passages similar to the wherever necessary or desirable, and oil overflowing the wall or bridle-88 will find its way through-a suitable drain opening, to be delivered to a tank, or conveyed away.

With this improved construction, it willv be seen that the number of rotating parts in a pump of this character has and the shaft ,85 is supported in close proximity to the eccentric 4I near the center of rotation.

will accumulate within the space I9v to lubricate the parts, and a constantk level of lubricant will be maintained within the casing through the medium of the wall 89, shown more clearly in Fig. 1 of the drawings.

'Ihe present construction also permits of thel use of very large suction cpeningsand also large overlap on the valve member, increasing the efllciency of the pump and the ease of operation.

Furthermore, the pistons are separate from the4 This is a manufacturing expedient and permits the pistons to be readily removable, independently of the cross-head of the said intermediate members.

While the preferred form of the invention has been herein shown and described, 'it is to be understood that various changes may be made in the details of construction and in the combination and arrangement of the several parts, within the scope of the claims, without" departing from the spirit of this invention.

What is claimed as new is:

1. A pump-or motor having .a series of radially arranged cylinders, pistons reciprocable therein, a combined fluid inlet and outlet passage in communication withA each cylinder at one end thereof, a rotatable shaft adjacent the. other ends of the'cylinders and provided with a fluid passage, means for rotating the shaft, means carried by the shaft for positively moving the -pistons in one direction, means whereby fluid pressure will operate to move the pistons in the opposite direction, means rotatable withthe shaft and disposed between the shaft andvone end of the first said passages for alterpassage 81` will be in position with respect to others of the passages 82..- In this position of the parts, fluid will be forced by centrifugal action through the hollow shaft 88 into'certain nately establishing and interrupting communication. between the passage in said shaft and the adjacent end of the first said passages. and

means slidable through the second recited meansy for adjusting the latter to vary the volumetric discharge of said pump. a

been materially reduced,

2. A pump or motor having a series of radially arranged stationary cylinders, pistons recipro-v cable therein, a. combined fluid inlet and outlet passage in communication with each 'of the cylinders at'one end thereof, a rotatable shaft adjacent the other ends of the passages and through which shaft iiuid is supplied to the cylinders by suction created in the cylinders, means carried by the shaft for moving the pistons in one direction, means slidable through the last said means for adjusting the piston moving means with respect to the shaft to vary the volumetric discharge of the pump, .a pump,

means whereby the last said pump will supply fluid under pressure to move the pistons in the opposite direction. valve means rotatable with the shaft for controlling the entrance and exit of fluid into and out of said cylinders, and an operative connection between said pump and said shaft for rotating the latter.

3. A pump or motor having a series of radially 'arranged stationary cylinders, pistons reciprocable therein, a combined fluid inlet and outlet in communication with each of the cylinders at one end thereof, a rotatable shaft adjacent the other ends of the said passages and through which shaft fluid is supplied to the cylinders by suction created in the cylinders, means carried by the shaft formoving the pistons in one direction, means for adiusting the last said means with respect tothe shaft to vary the volumetric discharge of the pump, a pump for supplying fluid under pressure to move the pistons in the opposite direction, valve means rotatable with the shaft for controlling the entrance and exit of fluid into and out of said cylinders, and an operative connection between said pump and said shaft for rotating the latter, the said connection embodying a gear carried by said shaft, with which a gear on the said pump meshes.

.4. A pump or motor having a series of radially arranged stationary cylinders, pistons reciprocable therein, a combined inlet and outlet passage in communication with each of said cylinders, a rotatable shaft adjacent the other'ends of said passages and through which shaft fluid is supplied to the cylinders, valve means rotatable with the shaft for controlling said passages,'an eccentric carried by the shaft for engaging and moving the pistons in one directionrollerbear ings adjacent said eccentric and on opposite sides will operate to-move the pistonsl in the oppcsite direction. a rotatable shaft adjacent one end of said passages and through which shaft fluid is supplied to said passages, valve means between the shaft and the adjacent ends of the passages for controlling the latter and rotatable with the shaft, and means for rotating the shaft.

6. A pump or motor having a series of radially arranged stationary cylinders, pistons reciprocable therein, a head contacted by each of the pis- Itons, said head being angular in cross-section and vslidable .in guide ways, acombined inlet and outlet passage in communication with each of the cylinders, a rotatable 'shaft adjacent one end of said passages, an eccentric carried by said.

i 7. In a pump or motor, a plurality of radially' arranged cylinders, pistons reciprocable therein,

thereof to support said shaft, means to s'upply fluid to the cylinders to move said pistons in the opposite direction, means for rotating said shaft, and means movable through said eccentric for adjusting the eccentric with respect to-said shaft Aend of said passages, an eccentric carried by said shaft, separate from, and engaging the rollers on the said heads to respectively move ,the pistons in one direction, means whereby lfluid pressure a rotatable shaft, an eccentric carried by the shaft, cross-heads, rollers carried by the cross# heads, said cross-heads being individual-to the pistons, separate therefrom and disposed between the eccentric and the respective pistons and engaged by the pistons land the said eccentric,'

larranged cylinders, pistons reciprocable therein,

a rotatable shaft, an eccentric carried by the shaft, cross-heads individual to the pistons,'sep arate therefrom and disposed between the eccentric and the respective pistons and engaged -by both, for moving the pistons separately and in one direction, means for moving the pistons in the opposite direction and for maintaining 1 the pistons, cross-heads and eccentric in contact with each other, said cross-heads being angular in cross-section, and guide-ways for the crossheads.

9. A pump or motor embodying a plurality of radially arranged cylinders, pistons reciprocable4 therein, a rotatable shaft, means carried by the shaft and operating on one end of the vpistons to move them in one ldirection, said pistons being separate from said means, the other end of said pistons being reduced to form an elongatedstem, and guiding means Within and stationary with respect to the cylinders and in which guidingmeans the stems slide.

10. A pump or motor embodying a plurality of radially arranged cylinders, pistons reciprocable therein, a rotatable shaft, means carried by' the shaft and operating on one end of the pistons to move them in one direction, said pistons being separate fromfsaid means, the other end of said pistons being reduced to form an elongated stem, and rigid guiding means within and stationary with respect to the cylinders and in which guiding means the stems slide, said pistons each having an open end, upon which open end the said piston moving means operates..

RUDOLPH w. GLASNER.- EINAR, K. JoHANsEN.