US2350553A - Ammunition abrading apparatus - Google Patents

Description

June 6, 1944. H. J. HACKMAN 2,350,553

AMMUNITION ABRADING APPARATUS Filed March 11, 1941 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR AGENT June 6, 1944. H. J. HACKMAN AMMUNITION ABRADING APPARATUS 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 FiledMarch 11, 1941 e Harvey J Hue/ mam AGENT 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR Had/ marl AGENT June 6, 1944. w H. J. HA CKMAN AMMUNITION ABRADING APPARATUS Filed March 11, 1941 Harvey J BY fiend! June,6, 1944. /H. J. HACKMAN I ,5

. INVENTOR Harvey J fiaz'ifmmz June 6, 1944. H. J. HACKMAN AMMUNITION ABRADING APPARATUS Filed March ll, 1941 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented June 6, 1944 TENT OFFICE AMMUNITION ABRADING APPARATUS Harvey J. Hackman, Kings Mills, Ohio, assignor to Remington Arms Company, Inc., a corporation of Delaware Application March 11, 1941, Serial No. 382,689

3 Claims. (01. 51-108) This invention relates, in general, to ammunition, particularly to shot shells. and contemplates a novel method and means to abrade a portion of the surface ofa shot shell. The in vention is particularly adapted for use in con nection with shot shells having waxed paper bodies but is adaptable to shell bodies of other materials.

It is to be understood that the invention as hereinafter disclosed may be a separate unit or may be but one station of a dial or straight line shotshell loading machine. Examples of typical loading machines wherein the present invention may constitute one station are illustrated in the patent to Chamberlin, No. 320,219, dated June 16, 1885, and the patent to Peters, No. 561,029, dated May 26, 1896.

An object of this invention is to provide an improved method of abrading a fiber tube. A further object is to abrade a fiber tube by utilizing the effect of maintaining relatively different peripheral speeds between rotating means and a fiber tube rotated by said means. An additional object is to support a paper tube be tween a plurality'of surfaces moving relatively at different speeds, at least one of the surfaces having abrasive properties. A still further object is to feed a paper tube having a waxed surface between a plurality of'abrading means rotating relatively at' different peripheral speeds and to permit the tube to be supported and rotated by the abrading means, whereby the wax is removed from the surface of the tube.

sistsin the novel constructions and combinations hereinafter more fully described.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 shows an elevation of a portion ofa dial machine including asingle abrading unit.

Fig. 2 is a schematic-view of a modification of the abrading machine of Fig. 1 and illustrates the assembly of a plurality of abrading units.

Fig. .3 is a plan view of the abrading unit on the right hand end of the assembly of units of Fig. 2. v

Fig. 4 is a front View of two abrading units including the unit shown in Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a View ,of an abrading unit per se from the left hand end of the assembly.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view, in elevation, of a modified construction of the abrading unit.

Fig. 7 is a schematic plan view of the abrading unit of Fig. 6.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 represents a side elevation of one station of a dial machine includ- With these and other objects in view the invention coning a single abrading' unit. It is to be clearly understood that the terms unit or abrading unit shall mean the assembly of a plurality of similar or'dissimilar abrading means per se and driving means therefor. This unit comprises a frame or bed plate I which supports or to which is suitably secured an angle bracket 2 having a horizontally disposed extension or shelf portion 3. A pair of spaced openings or drilled holes 4, 5 are made in the shelf portion 3 in which bushings 6, I of a pair of abrading wheel spindles 8, 9 are suitably secured, the longitudinal axes of the bushings 6, I and spindles 8, 9 extending substantially at right angles to the horizontal'surface of the shelf 3. The spindle 8 is rotatably retained in its bushing 6 by suitable fastening means indicated generally in the drawings by the retaining nut ID. The spindle 9 may be secured in its bushing 1 by means of a bearing collar ll suitably mounted on the shelf 3. It will be appreciated, however, that any equivalent means of rotatably supporting the spindles is to be regarded as within the scope of this invention. The spindle 9 has a wedge-belt single groove pulley I2 keyed or otherwise secured to its upper end and connected by a suitable belt l3, preferably a V belt, to a single groove drive pulley 14. The latter is keyed to the motor shaft l5 of a motor !6. In the drawings the particular motor shown for driving the combination has power characteristics such as to turn up approximately 1725B. P. M. It will be understood, however, that it is within the scope of this invention to use any suitable power source having similar characteristics or characteristics compatible with the abrasive used. A second single groove pulley l1, having a hub portion I8, is keyed or pinned near the lower end of the vertical spindle 9 under the bracket shelf 3, and is adapted to be spaced from the under surface of the shelf by a suitably arranged spacing collar 19. The pulley I1 is connected by a V belt 20 to drive a single groove pulley 2| having a hub portion 22 by which the pulley is keyed or otherwise fixed to the spindle 8. As shown in the drawings, the driven pulley 2| is preferably of the same dimensions as the driving pulley l1 whereby the driving ratio between the two pulleys is substantially one to one and the spindle speeds substantially equal. If desired, however, this ratio may be varied by substituting pulleys of different diameters to procure relatively different spindle speeds. 23 represents an abrasive surface or disc, in this instance a wire brush wheel, having an integral hub portion 24 and suitable fastening means associated therewith whereby the wheel is pinned or keyed near the lower end of the spindle 9. In accordance with this invention a supporting plate or disc 26 is suitably fastened to the extreme lower end of the spindle 9 and immediately beneath the under surface of the abrading disc 23 so as to provide a substantially horizontal supporting surface for the abrading wheel. This feature is particularly desirable from the standpoint of providing means to prevent the distortion and disfigurement of the abrading wheel, which tends to occur after periods of long use, and thereby maintain cuts of consistent depth during the abrading process. A similar abrading disc 21, preferably of smaller diameter than the disc 23, is suitably fastened near the lower end of the spindle 8 and is provided on its under surface with a supporting plate 28 in a manner similar to the outlined above and for a similar purpose. It will be noted that the diameter of each supporting plate 26 and 28 is somewhat less than the diameterof its respective abrading wheel 23 and 21 so that the periphery of each wheel extends slightly beyond the edge of its supporting disc for the ob vious purpose of providing unsheathed abraded surfaces '29 and 30 which, after being subjected to slight wear, will still retain their abrading properties without interference fromthe adja cent supporting discs. An additional element, shown as a metal disc 3|, is fixed to the upper surface of the abrading disc 21 in a manner so as to rotate therewith, and is of greater diameter than either the abrading disc 21 or'its supporting disc 28. This disc 3| forms, in effect, a circular lip around the upper edge of the periphery of the abrading disc 21, which acts as a gauge or limit plate to prevent the paper tube from elevating or climbing during rotation. Thus the length of the abraded surface, measuredalong the longitudinal axis of-each tube, can benicely'controlled and maintained uniform throughout quantity production lots. While but a single gauge disc has been shown and described. it will be understood that two such discs may be used, the second disc assisting the first and being carried by the abrading disc 23. As shown, the abrading unit is constructed as one station of the well known dial machine, and accordingly the mechanism for feeding a paper or fibre tube between the two abrading surfaces comprises the usual rotating loading or feeding dial 32, rotatable about a vertical shaft or axis 33, and having a plurality of radially disposed fibre tube receptacles of pockets, indicated generally in the drawings by the bosses 34. Each boss 3*! is formed integrally with and suitably spaced about the outer circumference of the loading dial -32. A hole is drilled vertically through each boss 34 and through the corresponding portion of the loading dial 32 and a bushing 36 or receptacle lining fitted into the drilled hole 35. The inner cylindrical wal1 3'! of each bushing 35 thus constitutes a bearing surface for the rotation of a fibre tube 38 freely mounted therein. It will be evident that the receptacles or pockets 34 are, in effect, nothing more than open ended sleeves which construction is for the purpose of effecting the automatic discharge of a finished tube. In order to prevent the discharge of the tubes before they have been abraded suitable supporting means is provided comprising a substantially fiat surface 39 arranged immediately beneath the under surface of the loading dial 32 and of such size and configuration as to effect a supporting slideway beneath the plurality of open ended sleeves 38 during that portion of their travel when tubes 38 are being fed thereto and conveyed to the abrading wheels 23 and 21. 40 indicates a relatively narrow circumferential ledge or tongue formed on the lower portion of the dial 32, said ledge comprising two bearing surfaces 4| and 42 substantially parallel to each other, adapted to engage similar bearing surfaces 43, 44 suitably grooved in the lower portion of the bed or frame I. This tongue and groove construction in the adjacent relatively moving edges of the loading dial 32 and frame I constitutes means for maintaining the smooth and accurate operation of the co-operating parts.

Movement of the loading dial 32 is effected in any well known manner, such movement being preferably intermittent rotation for carrying the tubes 38 to the several loading stations including peripheral contact with the abrading wheels 23 and 21, and may be accomplished by the commonly used pawl and ratchet mechanism 0 equivalent mechanisms not shown.

Although the description of the loading dial 32 has been limited to the construction shown in the drawings, it is understood that the invention is not so limited and that its scope may cover the combination of an abrading unit with other commonly used loading means. Such a modification, too obvious to need illustration, would be the so-called straight line loading machine having an endless conveyor chain with receptacles therein for carrying the paper tubes into contact with the abrading wheels. Suitable automatic feeding means for feeding paper tubes to the receptacles on the loading dial or conveyor chain may be used in combination with the abrading unit. For the purpose of illustration only such means may comprise a suitably arranged hopper 45 having a delivery pipe 46 extending to a point immediately adjacent the loading dial receptacles, whereby a paper or fibre tube is automatically fed by gravity into each receptacle as it passes beneath the mouth of the pipe. methods of feeding the tubes into the dial or chain receptacles may be used as, for instance, means for feeding the tubes up into the receptacles from the bottoms thereof.

The method of operation is believed to be obvious from the above description of the component elements, but for the sake of clarity a brief resume follows. Assuming that the motor I6 is running and that the spindle 9 is being driven by its pulley and belt connections; the spindle pulley l1 and belt 2!] drive the spindle pulley 2|. the speed ratio being one to one so that the speed of rotation of the spindle 8 is subtantially the same as that of spindle 9. Rotation of the spindles 8 and 9 effects the rotation of the respective abrading discs 23 and 21. However the effective diameters of the wheels are different and consequently the peripheral or abrading surfaces of the respective wheels move relatively at different peripheral speeds. Thus, as the loading dial 32 or its receptacles 36 carry a freely rotatable fibre tube 38 into peripheral contact with the juxtaposed abrading wheels 23 and 27, the latter engage the periphery of the tube adjacent its upper edge in such a manner as not only to rotate the tube but also to support the tube independently of the support given by the sleeve receptacle 36. Moreover, due to the relative peripheral speeds of the abrading surfaces, the seized tube does not assume the speed of either It is understood, however, that other...

abrading surface but is compelled to rotate at a resultant peripheral speed; that is to say its peripheral speed is diiferentfromthat of either abrading wheel. Accordingly an abrading action is effected between the respective surfaces whereby a substantially thin film or layer of fibre or paper is sanded or shredded off the surface of the tube. After the tube has been abraded it is carried by the loading dial 32 to other stations in the tube loading cycle and finally to a point beyond the end of the supporting slideway 39, whereupon the completed tube immediately drops out of its supporting sleeve 35 and is suitably discharged from the machine.

a While the above description has been confined, for simplicitys sake, to a'single abrading unit, adapted particularly to constitute one station of a dial or straight line loading machine, it will be understood that a plurality of such units having individual tube feedin means may be suitably assembled on a bed frame and driven from a single power source. Fig. 2 of the drawings shows a series of abrading units, in this case modificat ons of the unit of Fig. l, suitably mounted on a single frame and connected together and driven from a common power source. Figs. 3, 4 and 5 show, in more detail, the construction and assembly of the modified units. It may be said at the outset that the assembly includes, .in general, a plurality of similar abrading units denoted generally by numeral 52, suitably spaced along the assembly frame 50, and a dissimilar master abrading unit 53, so called because it controls in part the operation of the units 52. The master abrading unit 53 is shown mounted on the right-hand end of the assembly frame.

Referring to the drawings, a single power source for operating the assembled combinations is, in this case, a totally enclosed circular gear head motor 5| of substantially one-third rated horse power, having a shaft speed of approximately 357 revolutions per minute, suitably connected on the back of and at the left-hand end of the assembly frame 59 by a plurality of securing means 54, 54, etc. The particular motor or power source used and its location relative to the abrading units may be varied and motor having different power characteristics may be installed to meet the requirements of size, location and other conditions peculiar to each installation. The motor shaft carries a wedge-belt single groove pulley 55 which is connected by a V-belt 55 to a wedge-belt single groove pulley 51 of the main drive shaft 58. Inasmuch as all the pulleys and belts shown in the drawings aresubstantially of the same configuration, the terms pulley and belt as here nafter used shall be understood to mean a wedge-belt single groove pulley and a V-belt respectively unless otherwise denominated. The use of the wedge-belt type of pulley and V-belt is preferred for the purpose of including certain adjustable features in the invention as hereinafter disclosed, but it is to be distinctly understood that equivalent belts are contemplated.

The main shaft 58 is mounted in suitable bearings 59, 59, 59, at spaced points along the assembly frame and carries a plurality of spaced pulleys suitably keyed thereto. The series of pulleys 60 carry belts 6|, which connect with corresponding pulleys of a series of delivery hoppers (not shown) adapted to deliver fiber tubes to the abrading units, as hereinafter disclosed. A second series of pulleys B2 are properly spaced along the main drive shaft 58, are keyed thereto, and

carry V'-belts 63 which drive a corresponding series of capital pulleys 64 of the a brading units. In thedrawings the diameters of the'capital pulleys and the drive pulleys 62 are in the ratio of 2 to 3 respectively, whereby the speed of rotation of each capital pulley 64 is substantially one and rage-half times that of its respective drive pulley The foregoing description has related to one method of assembling and driving the plurality of abrading units from a single power source-but it is to be clearly understood that the present invention is not intendedi'to be limited-thereby and that suitable methods including other .driv ing means and different speed ratios may be used within the scope of this invention. i

The extreme right-hand end of themain drive shaft 58,- see Fig. 4, has keyed thereto a single groove pulley 65 for transmitting rotation to, the

feeding dials as hereinafter described, said pulley being connected by a V-belt 66 to a pulley 61., The latter is of the greater diameter, the ratio being substantially l to 3, and is keyed in. anywellknown manner to a horizontally disposed stud shaft 68 rotatively mounted in a pair of bearings 69, '59 (see Fig. 3) bolted or otherwise secured in the lowerpart of the frame 50. Mechanism for transmitting intermittent rotation to the feeding dial includes a substantially solid wheel or disc if! rotatively secured to the opposite end of the shaft 68. A pin'lZ (see, Fig. 5) suitably riveted or otherwise secured at a distal radial point of th disc Hi and projecting from the face thereof constitutes an eccentric bearing pin for reciprocating the connecting rod 16. To this end the pin 12 is mounted in the bearing 13 of a coupling-arm M, the fore-end of the latter being suitably drilled and threaded to -receive the screw threaded end f5 of the connectrod 16. The opposite end of the connecting rod (see Fig. 5) is suitably screw threaded into one end of a pivoted coupling-arm H; the opposite end of the couplin '1'! is bifurcated .and the spaced parallel arms 18, 18 so formed (see Fig. 3) provided with axially aligned. drilled holes adapted to receive a pivot pin 79 which pivotally connects the arms 18, 18 to the drilled tongue 80 of a block 8|. Reciprocation of the connecting rod 12 thus effects reciprocation of the block 8| which is pivotally connected by abolt '82 to one arm 83 of a bell crank lever .The latteris pivotally secured at its hub portion by anut and washer, indicated generally by numeral 84, (see Fig. 4) to the extreme lower end 'of ja vertical spindle 85, the fit of the joined Darts beingsu ch that the bell crank may oscillate freely about the spindle in response to the reciprocation of the pivoted block iii. The other arm 'of the bell crank lever carries apivotally mounted pawl 86 adapted to be resiliently urged by a s'uitably'arranged spring (not shown) to engageth'e'teeth 8! of the ratchet wheel 83. The ratchet wheel 88 is suitably keyed or otherwise secured to the spindle in the plane of the pawl, whereby oscillatory motion of the pawl effects step by step or intermittent rotation of the ratchet wheel 88 which, in turn, transmits intermittent rotation to the spindle 85 and the loading dial car'- ried thereby. Referring again to Fig. 4, the spin dle 85 is shown rotatively mounted in the assembly frame by means of a flanged bearing block 89 suitably secured, as by countersunk bolts 90. to the assembly frame 59, and having a spindle bushing 9i pressed or sweated into each end of its axial bore. 92 represents amaster sprocket ,wheel for driving the sprockets of the feeding dials of .the abrading combinations 52 as hereinafter rib and is keyed or otherwise secured to the spindle -85 between the lower end. of the flanged bearing and the upper face .of the ratchet wheel 88. The upper surface of the flange or collar 93 of the bearing block 89 is'adapted to act substantially as a flat bearing surface for the lower end of the hub 94 of the fiber tube load- -ing or feeding dial 95. The feeding dial is axially-z'bored or drilled to receive the upper endof the spindle 85- and is made to rotate intermittentlywith the spindle 85 b-y-providing a pin-r keyvflt joining the parts. The dial may becon- 'struct'ed as a substantially solid metal disc having'a plurality of holes 91, 91, etc. drilled through its outer edge at spaced radial points around its periphery. A bushing or metal sleeve 98 of greater-length than the thickness of the dial and having inwardly beveled or countersunk upper edges 99is adapted to be pressed or shrunk into each drilledhole 91 of the dial, the upper edge of the bevel 99 being substantially flush with the up- 'per surface of the dial and the lower portion of the bushing depending an appreciable length below the under surface of the dial to form, in effect, a sleeve for guiding and supporting a fiber tube carried therein. The inner diameter of each sleeve 98is of such size that a fiber tube may be freely but smoothly slipped or dropped into or out of the sleeve for the purposes hereinafter disclosed. In the previous discussion relative to Fig. 1, these sleeves 98 have been termed, for

thesake of clarity, receptacles or pockets and may be so termed hereinafter, but it is clearly :fiber tube to provide a surface on which the lower end or bottom of the tube may slide. In the present modification, this surface or slideway is indicated in Fig. by numeral I00 and comprises a flat semi-circular hardened plate mounted on the frame with its upper surface substantially flush with the surface of the frame.

The above description of the loading or feed- .ing dial 95 has been given particularly inrelation to the so-called master abrading unit 53, but the construction of the feeding dialsof the units 52 is substantially the same and therefore a detailed description of each is believed unnecessary. Suffice itto call attention to the fact that the load- .ing dial spindle '85 of the unit '53 is somewhat 'lon-geiflthan the spindles of the loading dials of the. units 52 for the obvious purpose of accommodating the pawl and ratchet mechanism previously described, and that the intermittent drive for each loading dial of the units 52 is effected by the sprocket and chain connections IOI and 102 between each unit driven from the master sprocket wheel 92. The master unit is further characterized by having a brake on the loading dial 95 comprising aband I03 and a brake shoe I84 adapted to encircle or partially encircle the hub portion 94 of the loading dial to prevent overrunning or, backlash thereof. arr-anchor, such as a vertical post or pin I85, issuitably fixed to the frame 50 and engaged by one end of the brake band I33, the opposite end "of the band being moved or adjusted relative to the fixed end of the band by means of an ad- For this purpose justing screw I08 which tends to draw both ends of the band together.

The operation and function of the parts as described so far may. be briefly summarized as follows: The rotation of the main shaft 59 effects the rotation of the pulley 65 which by its belt 56 drives the pulley 01 of the stud shaft 68. R0- tation of this shaft causes the eccentric pin I2 to effect reciprocation of the connecting rod I6 which, in turn, swings the bell crank lever 83 to and fro about its spindle axis 85. The pawl alternately engages and disengages the ratchet teeth 81 of the ratchet wheel 88 and hence transmits step by step rotation to the spindle 85. Step by step or'intermittent rotation thus characterizes the motion of the feeding dial and the master sprocket 92; -It is believed evident that the above-described braking means of the loading dial 95is desirable'for the purpose of preventing any back lash or over-running of the dial whichmight arise due to the momentum of the moving parts.

Referring to Fig. 5, there is shown in detail the construction of the modified abrading means per se, and inasmuch as all the abrading means per se are identical, a description of one will suffice forall.- IIl'I represents. a substantially rectang ular frame or table for supporting the abrading means per se and comprises a rectangular top I08 and legs [09, I09 whereby the table is bolted to a part of the assembly frame 50. The horizontally disposed, top portion I08 has a pair of slots or openings I I0 and I I I through which project the spindles of the abrading wheels which are adapted to be mounted below the top of the table I08. The slots I I0 and I II also permit the spindles and their abrading wheels to beadjusted relative to each other, as hereinafter disclosed.

These slots or openings are substantially rectangular in shape and have rounded ends as indicated by the dotted lines H2 and H3 of Fig. 3. In addition to the slots a pair of narrow relatively shallow bearing-block guide grooves are milled or otherwise formed in the surface of the at opposite ends of the tableas indicated by the numerals I I4 and I I5. A pair of spindle bearing-blocks IIB'and I" are adapted to be adjustably supported on the table, each block comprising a substantially vertical bearing post integrally mounted or secured to one end of a laterally projecting foot portion I I8 and I I 9 respectively. A portion of the under-surface of each foot is provided along its medial line with an integrally formed longitudinal rib or tongue I20 and'l 2 I respectively adapted to slide in the aforesaid guidegrooves H4 and H5 of the table top whereby the foot of each block is restrained to move in a straight line. Each foot is itself providedwith a relatively narrow slot, I22 and I23 respectively of limited length and of suitable width to receive the adjusting bolts I24 and I25 respectively. The latter are threaded into holes in the table top and constitute means for securing each foot, or its respective spindle bearing block, in adjusted position relative to the'other. Adjustment of the spindle bearing-blocks IIG, I I1 relative to each other along a common medial 'line is thus effected by loosening the bolt I24 and I25 of each integral foot portion H8 and I I9 respectively and then sliding the one foot along the table top I08 toward'or away from the other foot. The amount of relative movement is, in most instances, very small, being, for example,

the difference between the diameters of a 12- gauge and a 16-gauge shot shell. By using the well-known wedge-belt pulleys and V-belts for connecting the spindles to .the driving means, such slight relative movement between the parts is readily taken up and a uniform drive maintained. An additional means for locking the foot plate H8 in an adjusted position comprises a bracket I26 suitably bolted at its lower end to the leg I09 and having a threaded hole I2! at its upper end substantially in line with the rear end of the foot plate II8. A bolt I28 is threaded into thehole I21 and may be made to butt against the rear end of the foot plate II8 so as to restrain the latter from any inadvertent dislocation. As indicated in the drawings, each bearing-block or post H6, II! has a pair of bushings I29, I29 and I30, I30 respectively, pressed or otherwise seated in the opposite ends thereof for rotatively supporting the vertical spindles I3I and I32 of the juxtaposed wheel I33 and I34 respectively. The wheel I33 is an abrading wheel and may comprise a wooden disc having a band of abrasive material I35 glued or otherwise secured around its periphery. Since the abrasive material is subject to severe wear and relatively rapid deterioration, it is necessary to provide for the facile interchange of a plurality of similar wheels, each of which carries the abrading material. To effect this end, each disc I33 is pro vided with an axially drilled hole I36 whereby the disc may be slipped over a square hub portion I31 n the lower end of the spindle I3I. A pair of metal hubs or washers I38, I38, each having a square axial hole of substantially the same geometrical configuration and measurements as the square hub of the spindle I3I, are adapted to be placed each on one side of the disc I33; the assembled parts are mounted on the square hub I31 of the spindle I3I and secured thereon by the nut I39, the washers I38, I38 acting substantially as keys to rotatively.connect the disc to, the spindle. The friction wheel I34 is preferably smaller than the abrading wheel I33, the ratio of diameters being substantially 1 to 2 respectively, and comprises an axiallydrilled disc having a hub portion I40. The disc is adapted to be slipped onto the lower end of the spindle I32 and keyed thereto by means of a radially disposed screw (not shown) threaded into the hub I40. The periphery or rim of the disc I34 is shown provided with a relatively resilient friction surface I4I, as, for example, a rubber band or tire;

however, for the purposes of this invention, the disc I34 may be formed of a substantially solid rubber composition material.

It will be understood that whereas the above description has been of the particular abrasive wheels shown in the drawings, the invention is not so limited but may conceivably include abrasive wheels of other well-known materials and constructions.

As shown in Fig. 5, the upper end of the vertical spindle I3I is provided with two single groove pulleys I42 and 64 keyed at their hub portions I43 and I44 respectively to the spindle I3I for driving the abrading wheel I33, the upper or so-called capital pulley 64 being superposed on the lower pulley I42 and driven by belt 63 from the pulley 62 on the main drive shaft 58, as previously described. In the drawings the ratio of diameters of the pulleys I42 and 64 is substantially 4 to 2 I45 represents a single groove pulley for driving the friction disc I34 keyed at its hub portion I46 to the upper end of the spindle I32 and connected by a V-belt I41 to thedrive pulley I42, the ratio of diameters of the pulleys I42 and I45 being substantially 1 to 2. While the particular types of pulleys and belts shown in th drawings and the ratio of pulley diameters are as described, it is to be clearly understood that the invention is not limited to the' particular driving means and speed ratios shown, but comprehends equivalent elements and combinations.

The pipe I48 (see Fig. 4) represents the commonly used feed pipe for delivering fiber or paper tubes to the loading dial and extends from the bottom of a suitable hopper (not shown) to a point near the upper surface of the loading dial at which a tube receptacle or pocket 98 is moved into tube receiving position. A suitable angle bracket I49 having a vertically disposed leg I50 is bolted or otherwise secured to the assembly frame 50, the leg I50 being formed substantially arcuate in cross section to eifect a semicylindrical surface adapted to partially embrace the outer surface or wall of the feed pipe at, its mouth I5I to prevent the latter from vibrating or otherwisemoving out of axial alignment with the tube receiving pockets 98. The mouth I5I of the feed pipe I48 is shown as a separate short length of pipe or thlmble, secured to the end of the feed pipe I48 by a threaded coupling I52.

A detailed explanation of the methodof operation of the abrading unit per se is believed unnecessary in the light of the foregoing description, it being thought self-evident that asythe fiber tubes are fed; by gravity from a hopper through the feed. pipe I48 into the axially aligned tube receptacles 98 of theloading dial 95, the fiber or paper tubes drop through the sleeves 98 until brought to rest on the slideway I00 and are then made to slide intermittently along said slideway by. the pawl and ratchet drive of the loading dial 95 to a position between the spaced peripheral surfaces of the two wheels I33 and I34. The paper tube, being freely retained in its receptacle or sleeve 98, is instantly seized and rotatively supported by the juxtaposed surfaces of the wheels. Inasmuch as the latter are rotating relatively at different peripheral speeds, they transmit a resultant peripheral speed to the supported tube. As previously described, in connection with the operation of the abrading unit of Fig. '1, the effect of rotating the fiber or paper tube between two surfaces moving relatively at different peripheral speeds, one of said surfaces having abrasive properties, is to cause a rubbing or abrasive action to take place between the surfaces of the tube and the wheels whereby a portion of the fiber or paper is removed from the tube. After the tube has been thus abraded it is then carried along to a point in its travel beyond the end of the supporting slideway I00, whereupon the abraded tube immediately drops by gravity out of its sleeve receptacle 98 and is suitably discharged from the machine.

A further modification designed primarily to facilitate the adjustment of the abradin wheels relative to each other is schematically represented in Fig, 6 and Fig. 7. I60, I60 represent a pair of substantially parallel spaced arms each pivotally mounted in the same horizontal plane and on a vertical axis or shaft IBI at a point intermediate its ends. A suitable abrading wheel I62 is adapted to be rotatably mounted on a vertical drive shaft IE3 at one end of each arm-the two abrading wheels being normally urged into tangential contact with a shot shell tube by a suit- 6 ajeod' ese able spring Iiit' connectedbetweenthe-arms andforward-ofthe vertical "shafts I 61; I 6'! Th'e usu' a1' belt and-pulley drivemeans forthe ab'rading units is indicated, in generak by the numerals -l 65 the-loading or feeding dia-l (not shown) described in connection with the foregoing abradin'gunitsis also adaptedto be'used incombination-withthis-modification. -An adjustingscrew I6 is the arml60 and 4has-a-tapered end orzpoint adapted to be brought to bear against the "side of the ad-jacent'arm for the-purpose of turning the latter'about itsiaxis and-thereby adjustingh spacingwfhe-a r ig w ls 15 shot shell during' its rotation; and means' to ro difierent gauge-=shot shells; The element -'|68- tats'-said-feeding-dia1/ intermittently?- represents-'- an additional adjustingmeans andcomprises. a pivoted cam surface actuated by asuitable thumb screw or lever I 69-and adapted a horizontal plane above said table, said dial havto co-operate with a'camsurfacesuitably-formed120'; ing peripherally' 'spaced apertures provided""with" bushings for supporting shot shell" tubes, the

on-the adjacent end of the second-arml 69: The purpose of =.thepivotedcam-surface is -'to '-over-'- come any 'VinitiaL- destructiv'e abrading effectcaused Joy improper: spacing pf theiwheels which bases of which rest-on saidtable; ab'rading-meanscomprising rotatable members" having spaced abrading band isput on the wheels: Byrotating the lever I69 -a camming" action" is eff'ec-ted between -the adj acent-cam surfaoes of the pivoted" cam and the 'lever whereby the abrading'surfaces anf'amountl'substanfiauy 30 "surfaces, saidsurfaces'being constructedamiab-- equal to the increased thickness of*a riew abra*--- nged imult neously"t -pefipheraflfy eng'agga sive-band and hence any destructive abradin'g of the initial shells nia-ybe avoided. Thereafter" and as soon as the-newabrading band' h'as -been slightl-y worn the -Ca-m surface maybe' pivoted 35- back to its orig-inal positio'n tothereby' main tain the-properspacing of the: abradingsurfaces:

From the foregoing descriptionsmade with" reference-to the drawingsf it isbelieved to be evi'- dent-thatfithe present invention *disclosesa new" 4 and novelmet-hddanumeans for automatically abraidir'ig limited areas on the outer" peripheryor surface of" a fib OTP PBYW E,th t' in'g abrasive properties; a-powerdriven'belt to method embodles anewcombinatiomabradine" rotate one of said members; asecond belt'conunit-forconveyi ng f eelyn'iountedpap rwube meeting said members to'drive one of said meminto peripheral contact with a pair" ofsurfacesf at least oneof-wh'ich has abra'sweproperties; and moving the surfaces'reiatively'at' 'difierenfspeeds sothat the tu'beds supported simultaneouslyfafl opposite' tangential points of its" surface and caused to rotateat a-r'esultaiit peripheral speedwhich is difi'erent' from" that of eit1'ferabra'din'g' wheel; whereby anabradingactiomisefioted be tween the' su'rfa'ces of the? wheels and the tube; and portiorisof 'the' tube'are' sanded "orshreddd' 55 said tube. oif; Ji HACKMANi Whatis' claimed isz to index "the rotation of'said transferdml Where: by said tubes are-moved successively over said bushing of-saiatran'sfrdiai and b'ysaidengage merit to abrade'said' tube.

fixed table; a transfer diaI rotatablyimountedin a horizontal planeabove said table,-said dial having peripherally spaced apertures provided with spaced surfaces',.at least one'of said surfaces haV'-' moved successively over said table into engagement with the rotating spacedsurfaces' of said members, said surfaces being constructed and arranged simultaneously to peripherally engage a limited area of a tuberotatably supported'in 1. In a shot-she1l tube abrading machine, a wire brush abradingwvlieel, a 'second 'wi-rebi'ush abrading -whee1- rot'atably mounted' in spaced-re lation to saidfirstabrading whee}; means for and- I66 respectively.- It-is"also understoowthat' drivingthe fii'st i hr m idf-we'n bysaid first ab'rading wheel and 'conn'ected to-the second wheel to drive-the latter at "awdifferent peripheral speed, meta-l discs secured on the under side of said" ab'radir'rg' wl feels' to--support' mounted on the frame a ia nt therear'=emi-0f'- 10 the wire brushes;arotatabl feedin'g dial to move shot shell tubes intermittently intorotatively supported contact with said abr'adi'ng- Wheels; a metal disc secured 'on th'e-upper side of at 'least one abrading wheel tolimit the' elevation ofthe;

2; In a shot shell-tube =abrading-zmachine: a fixed 'table; a transfr d-ial rotatably mounted tin- V surfaces; at least one of"said surfaceshavingmay occur-whenevera new-andre1atively*th1ckerabrasive roperties; RISEIISiO"l'Otatesaidmem-sbers at different peripheral "speeds; and mean's table into engagement with the rotating r'spaced" limited area-of a tube rotatablysupported in the 3. In a shot shell'tu'b'e" abradingimachineya bushings" for supporting shot shell tubes, thebasesof which rest on said table; abrading. means comprising rotatable members having;

has bythe'other member and at'a different pe-- ripheral speed; and means to indexthe rotation of said transfer dial wherebysaid tubes are" said bushingand by said'engagement to abrade" CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION. Patent No. 2, 0, June 6, 191m.

HARVEY J. HACKMAN.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 2, first column, line 19, before the word outlined" strike out "the" line 55, for "of pockets" read -or pockets"; page 5, first column, line 21, for juxtaposed wheel" read juxtaposed Whee1s-; page 6, second column, line 50 claim 2, after "surfaces" first occurrence and before the comma, insert -of said members"; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conf cm to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 21st day of November, A. D. 19141;.

Leslie Frazer (Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents.

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