US2347386A - Pump - Google Patents

Description

H. E. ADAMS April 25, 1944.

PUMP

Filed May 25. les

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5 Sheets-Sheet; 1

ZIO

April 25, 1944 H. E. ADAMS 2,347,386`

PUMP Filed May 25. 1939 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 3x1/vento@ :.noans,

April 25, 1944. H. E. ADAMS 2,347,386v

PUMP I Filed May 25, 1939 5 sheets-sheet 5 April 25, 1944.

H. E. ADAMS.I

PUMP

Filed May 2.5. 1939 5 shees-sheet 4 April 25, 1944. H. E. ADAMS 3472386 PUMP Filed May '25. 1939 A 5 sheets-sheet s www atentet pr. 25, 1944 unirse smrss PATIENT ortiesv A ascisse Emis-E. seams, stummen. conn., assigner to Nash Engineering Company, South Norwalk. Conn., a corporation of. Connecticut This invention relates to fluid pumps. An object of the invention is to provide a pump "construction, where substantially all oi' the ports that contact with the uid being pumped, are

formed of corrosion resisting material.

Another object of the invention concernsa centrifugal liquid pump in which the pump elements that-come in contact with the liquid are made of vitreous material, such as glass, or other refractory material. AIn,this connection it has 'been found that glass is the most desirable be. cause of its high resistance to corrosion from most acids, and .also because of its adaptability in handling beverages containing acids, all of which may be accomplished under conditions which promote the most eillcient sanitary conditions. While vitreous products such as gime, porcelain, and other refractory products are moet readily adeptabie to the construction oi the pump elements ci the present invention, it may be desirable to use elements made of ceramic or pottery material kgti hving glazed surfaces as in rra cottel nishos, A

in certain instances, where strength of the pump elements may be sacriiiced.

In the use of all vitreous, ceramic, and pottery` pump elements, their frangible nature is the greatest hazard. In constructing the pump of the present invention there is provided a strong metal housing which not only functions in the operation Y of the pump, lbut is devised to support the rela-' tively brittle, pump elements under a controlled pressure in a manner that )minimizes crushing and breakage, and also protects operators from nylug fragments in event the breakage occurs.

Although vitreous, ceramic, and pottery pump elements are desirable for their corrosion resisting properties, because of their brittle nature it is necessary to avoid the development of excessive pressures in the pump. In order to take the proper measures to insure predetermined pressures in the' pump casing, in accordance with the present invention, there is devised a construction wherein it is possible to Arelieve the increment over a predetermined amount oi' pressure either through the stuiiing box assembly or through the pump chains' ber, or simultaneously, in both locations. 1So as' topermit the escape ci excessive pressures in the pump chamber it is necessary to provide for a yielding construction in both the housing and 1 the stumng box assembly/and these results are in' a novel manner in the present invenobtained tion. 4

Anotherv feature of the present invention is the Application May 2s. rese, serial No. 215,755 1'4 claims. (oi. ros-nii) one vitreous member wiping against another 7vitreous member, for the control of heat de- 'pump casing, it is necessary to provide a sealing surface where undue pressures may cause injury to j the pump, 'and in the present invention the properly controlled pressure is placed on the seal elements that cannot be altered duringl the life of the pump. i

in the present inventibn there is another meritorious feature residing in the novel design of the pump and stumg box assembly that provides a high `coeiiicient of heat transfer in at least one of the rubbing elements of the seul, and to dissipate and transfer the heat by a novel arrangement, to the liquid being pumped.

Owing to the novel design oi thepump of the present invention, it was round necessary to devise a means of connection between the pump suction and the suction piping, which would transfer the piping strains to the metal casing, relieving the more fragile pump casing and yet providing a positive connection to the pump casing for the ilow of theiiquid. By the present invention. there is devised a construction utiiimng an adapter pipe section having an easy and economical manner of joining the Pipe line to the pump casing metal casing takes the strain. l

Another feature of the present invention resides in cooperating devices on the vhousing and the vitreous pump casing which provide for temporarily supporting the frangibie pump casing 'during the assembly or the disassembly or` the pump.

Another feature of the present invention involves a. novel arrangement of the gland and iollower elements oi the stump; box assembly so as to control any seepage of corrosive liquids in a provision in the stuffing box assembly, whe inemcient construction might require the uset of GQ manner to avoid contact withthe metal 'parts of I the num. A

with 'the foregoing and other objects in view,

* it wm be seen'tnst there is devises s novel combination, construction, and arrangement ofthe parts of a pump which is highly emcient in operation, thoroughly reliable for its proposed uses,

whue the and that is comparatively? inexpensive to use and repair. A

Although the construction and operation of the preferred form of the invention is illustrated and.

described, it will be understood that it is the intention to' claim all reasonable variations of the invention that may be considered within the scope of the appended claims.

Fig. 1, showing the pump casing in front elevation and with the outer housing section removed; Fig. 4 is a section through the pump housing taken substantially on the plane ofv line 4-4 of Fig. 1 and with the volute section of the pump casing removed, showing the impeller and inner portion of the pump chamber in elevation;

Fig. -5 is a section taken substantially on the plane of line l-B of Fig. l;

Fig. 6 is a vertical section taken substantially on the plane of line 2 4 of Fig. 1:

Fig. '1 is a section taken substantially on the plane of line 1-1 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary section of the pump housing and casing taken substantially on the plane of line 2-2 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 9 is a detailed section through the pump housing and casing taken substantially on the plane of line 2 2 of F18. 2i

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary elevation partly Ln section of the inner housing section showing the rubber headed clamping screw;

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary detailed section taken substantially on the planeof line II-Ii of Fig. 6:

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary section through the stuiiing box assembly, showing a modified form thereof;

Fig. 13 is a view similar to Fig. 12 showing a further modification of the stuillng box assembly; and

Fig. 14 is a view similar'to Fig. 12 showing a stili further modification of the stumng box assembly.

The main features of the invention include a sectional housing A made of metal or acid resisting metal; a sectional centrifugal pump casing B which may be made of corrosion resisting ceramic. or vitreous material such as glass; a driven ascuas parts may be cadmium plated or covered with 4l surface on the outside.

rubber base paints and other acid resisting coatings.

The housing A is formed in two parts, or sections, the inner of which consists oi' a bracket cage composed of four spaced legs 2U which straddle the drive shaft C. At one end the legs 2U Join, with a ring 2| which may be bolted as at 22 to the motor M surrounding the shaft C. At the other end'the legs 20 Join with a circularring member 22a which is angular in cross section. 'Ihis ring member 22a is-formed with a radially extending leg 24 and an axially extending leg 25.

The outer section of the housing A is formed i of a bell-shaped cover 28a and is composed of a flange 21 around its periphery that merges with a crown in the center of 'which is a round'opening, the walls 28 of which are inclined for a speciiic purpose of coacting with the adapter pipe as will presently appear.

The sectional glass pump casing B, which in the form illustrated, is for a centrifugal pump, has a round head section 22. detachably seated onthe radially disposed leg orxside 24 of the ring member 22a with a resilient gasket 30 in between to protect'the glass.

The edge of the bowl-shaped volute section 2i of the pump casing has the inner edge bearing on the periphery of the head 22 with a resilient l gasket 22 in between, thereby providing a centrifugal pump chamber 22 between the head and volute sections, in which chamber the impeller I rotates. The periphery of the volute part 2i bears against a ledge on the inside of the cover 28a with a resilient gasket 24 in between. At the center, the crown of the volute section 2i merges with an integral round suction nozzle having a smooth The nozzle 25 extends outwardly from the volute section. and provides the inlet port for the pump chamber 22.

' On the inside face of the radially extending leg 24 is an interrupted ring 21 formed with outstanding tongues or lips 28 on the solid parts or segments of the ring. The interruptions or spaces between the segments are indicated at 29. Around the, outer edge of the head 29 is a flange which is likewise interrupted by spaces 4i to Il correspond with the length of the segments of the member r, which in the form illustrated is an impeller made of the same material as the pump casing; a metal drive shaft C to which,-by a unique coupling, set forth in the United States patent application, Serial No. 310,462 nled December 21, 1939, in the name of Harold E. Adams and Willard A. Kates is anchored to the driven member I; a prime mover in the form of an electric motor M; and a stuillng box assembly H, which, as will presently appear, includes a peculiar construction of gland and follower sleeve ele- A ments that retain special seal elements in position under a uniform'and controlled pressure.

The sectional metal housing A provides a support for clamping the sections of the glass pinnp casing B together under a uniform predetermined spring pressure to prevent crushing of the interrupted ring 21, and having solid parts or segments corresponding to the length of the interruptions or spaces 2l in the ring, allowing -practical clearances for insertion and removal of e0 the head 29. When the head 22 positioned with the solid parts or segments of the flange 4t registering with the spaces 21 between the lips 2l, and with the spaces 4i between the solid parts of the flange 40 registering with the lips 2B, isl

ll pressed inwardly and turned on its axis, the

flanges 40 are temporarily locked on the solid parts of the ring 21 behind the lips 28. It will thus be seen that the head 29, which is the first part of the pump casing assembled,- is temporarily locked in position while subsequent parts are mounted. In the completely' assembled relation there will be a clearance (as shown in Fig. 9) between the ring 31, the lip 28 and the ange 40, when the parts are centered because vibration fransible casing sections. The metal housing @159 7s might occur in the operation of the pump and the centering screws sa ma as intimes (ses m.

p 9) inwardly asJ at Il, and when in the assembled rests on two adjusting screws 42', which screws s are spaced apart about-a quadrant and these screws are mounted in threaded openings in lugs 43 (Fig. 9) formed on the radial side A25. These screws 62 serve to center the volute part 3l, and

in the centered position, the screws -may be locked l by screwing the nuts M against the lugs I3. After positioning the volute part 3l it is locked there during the balance of the assembly operations by means of a locking screw 45 (see Fig;

gaged in e.A threaded opening on a lug 46, which lugextends outwardly from the side 25. The screw 45 has a rubber tip 41 imbedded in the shank and the tip bears against the rim of the volute part 3l. sition, the screw 45 is locked by the nut 4B mounted thereon which bears against the face of the lug t6." It will be seen that by this arrangement the head 29, and the volute part 3i are held from dropping out of the ring member 23a while the operator makes ready to attach the cover plate 25a oi the housing. y Y In order to secure the cover ,plate du in position, a plurality of equidistantly, circumferentia-lly spaced studs l (see Fig. 8) have reduced 3 flange bil.l A portion 55 at the outer end oi the studs 5i is threaded. Between thethreaded partii 55 and the smooth part is the limiting shoulderbe. After the cover plate 26a is positioned on the studs bll a spring 5d, the function of which will appear later,'is placed over each of the studs bearing on the cover plate 26a. Then a nut Eid, having an integral threaded sleeve 5d, is placed on the threaded portion 55. with the sleeve 60 inside the spring and no matter how the operator tries he cannot screw the nut and sleeve bach farther than the shoulder 56 in consequence of which the springs 53 will all be placed under a uniform predetermined compression which insures against crushing and breakage.. Ii' it were 'left to the operator to select the pressure, it

might provoke an error and result in applying too much pressure on the frangible yparts 29 and Si whereby they would be crushed and broken. It is also obvious that by selecting springs 68 with the proper tension to meet the requirements of the factors attendant with the glass casing, a predetermined pressure is exerted between ring 23a and cover plate 28a of housing.A, which is translated to the sections 29 and 3| of the pump casing B. Should pressure in the pumpcasing exceed the predetermined amount, the housing secand this screw has a threaded shank en. 15

relation the pressure of springs 58 is exerted, the compression of the gaskets 30 and 32 permits movement inwardly. This 4action causes the periphery ofthe volute to recede from the centering screws and provide a slight clearance between the tips of the screwsand the. periphery of the volute part 3i.Y

Any acid or other liquid that escapes when the parts 29 and 3l of the pump casing part along v the gasket 32. Aruns down the inside of the ring 23a to the lowest point wherean opening B3 permits it to escape. It may happen that thc pump casing sections 29 and 3i stick together.

and to meet this contingency a-second opening @6, spaced about a quadrant from opening` S3.

(See Fig. 10.) In centered po- 20 is made in the side 25 of housing section 23a, positioned to lie along the horizontal diameter when the opening 53 is at the bottom sc as to obtain proper leverage.' On the rim of the volute section 3i o'f the casing, in the vicinity ofopenings 63 and 6d, raised'cleats 't5 and G8- respectively yare molded so that a pry bar maybe fulcrumed on either ope in engagement with a cleat to forcefully separate the sticking pump casing sectio. A sump isvmade in the lower portion of dta byplacing a slightly'raised and position with the threaded openings on 40 tegrally with the disc 78.

.rimandi (see Fig. 9) near-the edge of side 25,

0 and this ridge extends around a portion oi the circumference. The drain opening @t is at the .lowest point of the sp, 4and the ridge does not extend outwardly far enough to interfere with the flange db; on head 29 of the pump casing.

Since the respective lugs t@ and 4t which sup port the centering screws 42, and the clamping or locking screw' dE, lie in the extended plane ci the` axial side de oithe ring 23a, it will be Anecessary to modify the ange 2l at these points.

To accommodate the lugs and the screws. the ange is out away at @il which corresponds in position to the screws, and surroundingthe openings are s or arches il@ (see Fig. 9). l

g The glass ixnpeller I that rotates in the pump chamber 33 is formed as a disc il having lmpeller blades 'i2 formed on its forward or suetionface. me blades rioe'mt the pumping function. 0n the opposite face of the' disc, and staggered with respect to blades 'i2 are tormedthe blades 53. The blades 'i2 and it are cast or molded in- It will be seen that the blades i3 are oi materially less height than blades 12. and the former blades serve to lessen the pressure in the stuillng box and sealing area. to reduce .the leakage of liquid. The blades on both sides of the disc are designed to have a close clearance with the side walls of the. pump casing confronting them. Fromthe center of y vthe disc li there projects rearwardly an in tions will separate, and the casing. sections will j the voiute'part al which is initially resting on r tegral hub l5 that extends entirely through the stuffing box or seal chamber 1B formed by the stufdng box neck or extension Ti, in spaced re-V lation to the walls 18. The hub IB also projects beyond the end of the neck or vextension 11. It is here pointed out that there are conduits .or passages 19 between the blades Il which form a communication between therpressure side of the pump casing. and the stuillng box or sealing chamber i8 whereby liquid is permitted to enter the chamber 16 and absorb .heat dissipated by the sealingvelements, as will presently appear;

Owing tocertain factors in various installations.

it may be n under certain conditions to i provide a direct connection communicating withthe pressure side of the pump, and to meet this stuffing box extension 11.

the extension 11 is formed integrally with the described. This band 82 is furnished in lieu of molding a corresponding rim on the glass extension owing to the difficulties of molding practice. When acid encounters the band 82 it will be impeded in its progress, and it will run down theband to the lowest point and drip off as indicated.

In the area where the discharge nozzle 83 projects, the walls of the rim 28afand cover plate 28a are cut away sulciently to allow for the projection of the nozzle without contact with the metal. The walls of the nozzle 88 are preferably molded -or cast integrally with the volute part 8|, so that it will move with Athis section when the cover plate 28a and the volute part 8| separate under excessive pump pressures.

Referring now to the form of the stuillng box assembly H, illustrated in Figures 1 and 11; there is shown one way of devising a unique shaft seal in a manner to dissipate and transfer frictional heat to the liquid being pumped, so as to avoid transmission of the heat to the glass impeller I, the glass covered drive shaft C, and the glass It will be seen that head 28 and would be likely to be broken from excessive heat. Should no provisions be taken to dispose of 'the frictional heat developed, by having glass wiping glass, it will be evident that thel heat would break the glass casing B and impeller I.

Various attempts to make a satisfactory glass centrifugal pump have resulted in failure largely because of the diillculties encountered in the provision for a suitable stuihng box to prevent the outward leakage of corrosive fluids being pumped along the shaft. This diillculty revolved mostly about the inherent low coemcient of heat transfer of glass, together with the fragile nature of the glass itself. Any rubbing friction as would be occasioned by the conventional stuffing box construction would result in a localized heating of the hub 15 and this in tum would cause the cracking of the glass. In this invention there is provided a practically leak-proof seal which at the 'same time overcomes these difficulties. Owing to the low coeflicient of heat transfer, or low conductivity of heat inrglass, it will have different stresses and strains set up in a spot heated locally, from the unheated surroundingregion. The lack of uniformity in the stresses and strains at the heated spot will be sumcient to and Micarta. The collar or seal element 84 is pressed on the 'glass hub so as to rotate therewith, and there is a flexible gasket 85 interposed between the collar 84 and the hub 15. 'I'his gasket is right angled in cross-section and supports the sealing element or collar 84 in spaced relation with respect to the inner face of the impeller and the hub 1.5 thereof. The gasket 85 is formed of rubber-like materials that are inert to most acids and other corrosive fluids, and at the same time .this gasket furnishes the maximum heat insulation to prevent the exchange of heat between the glass collar 84 and the-impeller I and the hub 15. 0n the outer periphery of the collar is a lip 88' which overhangs the radial leg of the gasket 85 and holds the gasket against distortion or swelling caused by centrifugal force. The free face 81 of the collar is flat and is provided with a highly polished surface which in the stuillng box assembly, illustrated in Figures 1 and 1l of the drawings, forms the movable or rotary part of a seal. This seal prevents the pump chamber 88 from communicating with the exterior of the casing when the cooperating parts of the seal function.

The exible insulating element 85 serves to insulate the glass seal element 84 from the im,- peller I, so that any heat developed on the rotating sealing surface 81 will not be transmitted directly to the glass impeller itself. This flexible insulating element 85 also provides for the automatic positioning of the sealing surface 81 in a plane at right angles to the axis of rotation of the impeller, thus eliminating any leakage difficulties that might be caused by any run-out of this surface.

The stuffing box assembly H further includes another seal element in the form of a ring 9i positioned in-the chamber 18 in spaced relation to the wall 18 and in spaced relation to the hub 15. 'I'his ring'8l does not rotate, but it is urged axially into a central position and bearing relation by the action of the gland and the follower parts of 4the stufiing box assembly H to be pres- "ently described, with the rotating sealing face 81 of the rotating seal element 84. It will be seen -that this arrangement provides a predetermined required pressure for proper contact between ring element 8| and collar element 84 at the sealing surface 81. In actual practice, the ring 8l is made of carbon, graphited carbon, or graphite.

' although any other materials suitable f or the acid rupture the'glass and this characteristic is known as heat shock.

In devising the proper elements for the stuffing box, it is necessary to provide as one of the sealing elements an acid resistant seal in the chamber 18 to preventacid seepage along the hub 18 of the impeller. Toward this end there is provided a rotating glass collar 84, which in the form of the invention shown in Figures 1 and ll, forms one of the sealing elements. The rotating seal element 84 may be made of such acid resisting materials as high chromium and nickel steels,

or compositions including phenolithic compounds 75" service contemplated, that have a high coefficient of heat transfer, would be suitable.

It will be seen `in the form of the invention shown in Fig. l1 that the element 84 and the ring 8l are spaced from the chamber wall 18 so that the liquid being pumped isfree to circulate through the conduit 19, or 88 (in the form of the invention shown in Fig. 14) and contact the high heattransmitting element 8i and thereby dissipate the heat to the liquid being pumped. It is pointed out that the function of the ring 9| is to readily absorb the heat developed by the fric- \tion at the sealing surface. 81 and dissipate it to the liquid being pumped and away from the glass parts that are likely to be injured by localized heating, or by "heat shock."

Next to the high heat transmitting ring 9i is a resilient compensating ring 92, the inner periphery of which is supported in' spaced relation to the glass hub 1l. This compensating ring has the outer periphery thereof bearing against the wall 18 of the stuillng box or seal chamber 18, and the inner face bears against the high heat asiatico t er. setting element 9|. Ring 92 is so proportioned in the stulng box `assembly that it is completely connned except for a small annular section on two sides of the ring indicated at 93 and 3l-il. This annular section is left unsupported on the sides so es to give some degree of free-a dom to the endwise movement of the ring 92, to compensate for any wear that might occur at the sealing surface Si, and which movement resuits iromthe spring pressed gland and follower elements, as will presently appear, wherein the springs are so proportioned as to give the required pressure for proper contact between the sealing surfaces 8l. 'lue compensating ring 52 is preferably made or a ruimen-like resilient materiel. The sealing action Acaused by the expansion of the compensating ring outwardly against the wall HQ is somewhat analogous to the corking obteined when a cork a bottle swells under the ci liquid contents.

The compensating ring 92 being resilient, acoompliehestwo functions when compressed by theelepel follower member to be described later, the seid ring expands outwardly edectine e iight .see-l between the impeller hub l and the wall by its engagement with the reduced pertion of the follower ring, and at the same time it permits a flexing causedby the pressure of the ment is that the seal surfaces at 81 operate in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation oi the impeller I. This perpendicular plane is obtained by the self-aligning features of the various component parts of the stulng box assembly, principally the rotating nexible member or gasket 5 and the stationary ilexible compensating ring 82.

- In the form of the invention shown in Figures 1 and il, the follower ring has a-reduced part Sl surrounding the hub 15 in spaced relation and on this reduced part rests the compensating ring Q2 and a portion of the high heat transmitting ring 9|. The enlarged portion 98 of the follower ring projects out of the chamber 1B for engagement with the one side of the detlector gasket 91. This follower ring is preferably formed of glass and in the outer face of the enlarged part is a cavity $8. The shoulder formed between the reduced port 95 and the emerged part 88 of the follower ring bears in the outer face of the corripensating ring 82 and transmits pressure to the f inner elements ofthe stu-fling box. The inner periphery oi thereduced part Si of the follower ring I Y res-ponds to the cavity 98 in the follower ring.

o It will be seen that the deector gasket 91 divides the cavity 98 from cavity |02. there bev mun me aus se. A rubber songer tana .H is secured to the hub 'It in thecaviw 88 andanother slinger im. ist gripply hub i5 in the cavity. w3. The WE and is@ being rotatable with the shaft l5. throw seepage alom the hub outinto the respec- -tive cavities et d ist from where the seepage is drained. For the purpose of draining cavity @c in the follower ring, a groove itil is made'in the outer edge, while a groove idd, on the other side oi the dedector gasket Sil, made in the rim of the cup part le@ of the gd. drains the cavity y ld. The grooves lill d lo@ are formed in the lowest segment ci the follower ring and cupped part ist respectively, and are located over the mouth of a lead iunnel mer ilo. This funnel member has a pairof arms ill xed to the op posits sides d the arms rest upon opposed legs il@ of the leerer pair of legs, the fungasket 91, run down the gasket tothe tongue of the defiector @il and drip into the funnel Hd. It will thus be seen that there iscreated in the gland and follower members a collecting chams ber com of the confronting cavities 83 and |08 respectively. ,which collecting chamber is' bridged by the novel arrangement of the de ilector gasket 91 that when cooperating with the i slinger bands |05, |06 and the outlet grooves |01, |88, aiIords a triple precaution against leakage of corrosive liquids from the stuiilng box assembly. Apair of round guide posts H2 have their inner ends anchored in 4threaded openings H3 on the ring 2| of the inner housing section. The posts H2 extend outwardly ofthe ring 2| and axially of the drive shaft C. The posts are positioned to extend through rounded portions I M at the inner end of slots ||5, one slot being in the outer portion of each wing- HQ.' Il'l'of the gland Illia. One slot H5 enters each rounded part H4, one from one side of the one Wing. while the other slot enters from the opposite side of the other wing, and when. spring tension, as will presently appear', is removed, the gland lilla may be seporated and `moved 'outwardly from the balanceof the stumng box assembly by simply'turning the gland so that :the wings slip away from the posts m. since the slots nu provide ,a space through which the posts may pass.

A controlled and predetermined pressure is exerted on the gland Illa and transmitted to the balance of the stuing box assembly. by the tension aorded by the-springs lil. one of which encircle; an intermediate part of each post H2.- Factors which determine this pressure may -vary with each installation, but it should be sumcient to overcome the normal pump pressures reacting on the elements u, 9|, 82, 91, and the follower ring. At their outer ends the springs bear against a time Il! on a bushing |20 which extends through the rounded part III and slots H5 in the respective wings IIB, Ill. -The flange H9 seats in a groove |22 about the rounded part Illl whereby the bushing is locked under tension.

ing o central opening in the deflector gasket sur- 7s The bushings I2. slide on athreaded port I 23' mounted. The outer end of each bushing projects above the face of the wing, as clearly shown in Fig. 11, so that when nut i24 is screwed tight against the projecting end the flange il! will be forced out of the groove |22 so that pressure is removed from the gland when it is desired to disassemble the stuiiing box assembly H.

One end ofthe control springs I i8 bears against the flange H9 on the bushing, while the other end bears against the outer face of ring 2l all of which provides a resilient controlled pressure on the gland which is in turn transmitted to the successive elements of the stuffing box assembly. The amount of pressure 'necessary with each application may be controlled through the springs ill and for this reason the springs are selected to supply a predetermined pressure 'I'he amount of pressure to be supplied, and consequently the strength of the springs, will dependupon the necessary pressure required at the sealing iace 81, and also the normal pump pressure in the pump chamber I3. Thus there will be a uniform and controlled pressure at the sealing surface 81, that is insured becausethe controlled pressure cannot be altered. .,In the event pressures are developed in the pump chamber I2 Ain excess of the pressure for which the pump was designed, the springs III will permit any or all of the elements Il, 8|, s2 and the follower ring and the gland elements to move outwardly and permit the increment of pressure to escape.

In the stumng box assembly H there is provided the elements making up the seal including the intermediate elements Il and. which are' separated from the glass of thehub Il and the extension 11 by the heat insulating layers in the form of the rubber-like gasket and the flexible rubber-like compensating ring Il. The intermediate members and I. aside from forming a seal at the contacting surface l1, are selected toprovide characteristics to prevent the Vexi change of heat with-the glass pump casing and the drive shaft which has the .glasshub 15 surrounding it. If both members Il and elf were made of a material having a low coemclent of heat transfer, like glass, the heat developed by the friction at the sealing surface l1 will not be dissipated tothe liquid being pumped rapidly` s enough to prevent a burning or scorching of one member Il, the heat developed will be sufficient to crack this `glass member Il. As long as one or-the other of these two members Il or 0I is a high conductor of heat, it will prevent the concentration and building up of heat at the sealing face l1 because the heat will be freely transmitted to the liquid being pumped. In the stuifmg box assembly shown in Figures 1 and 11, the graphite seal ring Il is the element that has the property, of conducting heat from the sealing surface I1 and transmitting the same freely to the liquid in the seal chamber Il which surrounds this ring.

Up to this point in the specification the elements Il and i2 of the stumng box assembly H have been defined as being formed of rubberlike material. It has beenfound'that such material as neoprene. chloroprene and vinyl chloride serves satisfactorily for the construction of these elements inasmuch as they are highly'resistant of the posts H2 and on the outer end of the threaded part of the posts, the nuts |24 are to the acid service for which the pumps are designed.

In the application of the centrifugal pump of the present invention there are certain conditions such as handling high solvents, and other hot liquids, where the temperature is higher than safely can be withstood by the molded flexible rubber-like materials used in the gasket 85 and the compensating ring 92 of the stuiiing box assembly shown in Figures 1 and 11. To accommodate the higher temperature, in a range that would soften, and make tacky, these rubber-like materials. it is necessary to modify the stuffing box assembly H shown in Figures 1 and 11, and 15 as disclosed in Figures 12, 13 and 14.

the forms of the invention illustrated in Figures 12, 13 and 14, the impeller 200 is constructed the same as the impeller I shown in Figures 1 and 11 of the drawings, having blades 212 and 212 formed integrally with a disc 21|, which blades and discs are formed like the disc 1I and bladesv'l2 and 13,'except thereis shown an opening .l in the disc which provides an additional conduit from the high 4pressure side of 2s the pump to the seal chamber to insure a. circulating liquid. In the forms of the invention shown in Figures 12, 13 and 14 there is a conduit 21| between the blades 213 to furnish the stuiiing box chamber or seal chamber 21.6, with the liquid being pumped for the purpose of dissipating frictional heat. The conduit 212 and 'stuiling box chamber 21S are alike in all respects with the conduit 'Il and the seal or stuillng box chamber Il as shown in the form of the invention illustratedinlliguresland 11.

It is also pointed out that the construction shown'in Figures 12, 13 and liprovide a radial shoulder Il! on the impeller 20| which is similar to a shoulder on theiimpeller I and in these forms of the inventi the hub 215 is formed similarly to the hub 'I the hub being coupled to the drive shaft l through a metal quill and solder or cementitious bond, as will be hereinafter shown in Figures l and 1l; and likewise the gland Illa is similarly placed under the tension of' springs similar to the springs Ill in the form of the invention shown in Figures l and 11 of the drawings.

In Figure 12 there is a rotating ring lli made of graphite, graphited carbon or carbon, which surrounds the hub 21|, and one side `of this ring abuts the shoulder In on the impeller 2li. 'I'he outer periphery of this seal element #Il is spaced from the wall of the stumng box chamber 218 whereby liquid being pumped is in contact with the outer periphery. It will be seen that any heat developed on the sealingfaces will be transmitted by this ring to the liquid. The other side of the seal ring element i is provided with a convex highly polished spherical surface n2 and rotates in rubbing contact with a correspondingly concaved face on the glass member 2li. The member Ill is in the nature of a piston which is freeto move inthe stuiiing box chamber 21|..y 'Iheinnerperiphery of the piston member SIS surrounds kthe drive shaft C.

described. In the forms of the invention shown` accesso the collecting chamber shown in Figures land The outer peripheryof the glass follower ring or piston 393 is formed with labyrinth grooves 305 confronting the chamber wall 2lb so as to bc free to move in the chamber-but et the same time to prevent excessive leakage at the joint between the chamber wall and the outer periphery of the ring. There is not a great pressure diflerence at this joint mentioned above because of the provision for maintaining substantially atmospheric pressure in the chamber 2lb created by the counter-action of the blades 2li, emlained irl-connection with blades il in Figures l and l1 oi the mwings. Because or" the spherical seat db2 the ring Sdi will automatically adjust itself so se to completely engage and seal the impeller hub 2lb. Leakage of kliquid from the interior of the pump along the joint between the labyrinth The stumng box assembly shown in Fig. 13 has a ring 3N formed of graphite, graphit/ed carbon, or carbon, that encircles the drive shaft in spaced relation thereto. This ring 3H has a radial face 312 and another radial face EIB wlmh maintains a seal between the interior and the exterior of the casing. Thev surface M2, and dit can both 250. Like the gasket 3N in Fig. 13, the gasket 322 is designed to be cut from fiat pieces, .or sheet material from stock, which is easily obtained yin acid-resistant, high temperature resisting materials, such as asbestos or woven glass. The rotating seal ring B2i provides a construction which allows it to be replaced when it becomes worn, and is desired above the assemblies shown in Figures 12 and 13, inasmuch as the wear occurs on these latter constructions against the Shoulder l S ofthe impeller. In the construction shown in Fig. 14, the carbon ringA 323, bears on 'the outer polished face of the rotating glass seal or graphite ring t28 respectively at 325 and b2b. s

in Fig. 14, the piston-like sleeve element 22?, the gasket ring 32B and glass follower ring 32@ are constructed like the corresponding parts'ell,

Sill, and 8m respectively, in Fig.y 13, and-their functions are the same as said corresponding parts.

- In thel forms of the invention shown in Figures l2, 13 and 14, a means is provided to prevent the member abutting the inside oi the deflector gasket '391 from turning, and this gasket is similar to the gasket @l in Figures l. and 11,

except as hereinafter indicated. Toward this end a pin has an intermediate portion secured transversely in the gasket ttl with opposite ends be polished, together with their mating surfaces l |30 on the impeller 200, and the confronting end of the glass piston-like element Sit, so as to lirovide a differential rotation or the ring 3| I, said -ring assuming a rotational speed of approximately halt -of the impeller 200. No provision lis made for a self-alignment of the ring or element 3|| in the assembly shown in Fig. 13, like the spherical surfaces 302 inthe form of the invention shown in Fig. 12.

'.lhe glass piston-like element 3M, shown in Fig. 13, has a reduced end on which an acid resistant, high temperature gasket 3| 5 is seated to reduce possible leakage at the joint 3|6 where the outer periphery has a clearance with the. wall of the stufilng box chamber-210. There are labyrinth grooves 3|1 similar to the grooves 305 on the glass element 303 in Fig.v 12 oi the dra-wings. A glass follower ring 3|8 holds the gasket 3|! in place and also forms a closure or cover for the inner portion 2I9 of the collecting cham@ ber. This cavity or chamber 2|9 functions sim? ilarly to cavity 98 in the iorm of the invention shown in Figures` 1 and 11 or, the invention. The material from which the gasket 3|5 is made is preferably asbestos, and the gasket can be cut from sheet material and does not have to be molded, or form of thermoplastic material.

In Fig. 14 there the stuiling box assembly closely resembling the stuiiing box assembly shown in Fig. 13, except for the addition of a rotating glass sealing ring 32| having a ring insulation gasket 322seated in a recess or pocket in one face, and this gasket is held tightly to the shoulder |30 on the impeller shown another variation of 39S and 39e projecting outwardly of this i deflector gasket. The one end 2398 engages in a slot 400 in the glass element 303 in the assembly shown in Fig. l2. In the structure shown in Figures 13 and 14, the end 398 of the pin is engaged in the slot 40H in the follower rings SIS and 329, respectively. The other end 399 of the pin engages in a slot `|02 in the hub of the gland 20|a.

By the engagement of the end 390 of the pin inv the slots 400, and 40| respectively, the respective elements 303 and 3|8, 329 are definitely positioned and at the same time they are prevented from turning.

It is' pointed out that in all 'other respects notv specifically mentioned in describing the construction shown in the modifications in Figures 12, 13 and 14 ofthe drawings, the construction is similar in all respects to the structure shown in Figures 1 and 11 of the drawings.

It has not been considered practical or expedient to use, in the suction line 50| (see Fig.

l). the customary glass pipe line fitting, as indicated at F in the discharge line 502, and as a result it is necessary to devise a special tting. It will be observed that the end of the suction nozzle 35 terminates at, or short of, the crown of cover plate 26a in a male end 503 in augment with the openingdened by wall `20. An adapter pipe member 604 provided with a female end 505 receives the male end 503, and this member 504 extends through the opening in thecrown of the cover plate 26a. The outer end of the adapter member 504 is joined by the conventional glass pipe tting, similar to that indicated at F, to the suction line 50|.

. It will be understoodthat all of the metal to glass joints. as F, and at the suction line 00|,

70 ventional manner.

end |03, there is a rubber ring |03 pressed on the nozzle. The ring is of right triangular cross section, so the base will abut the edge of the flange of the adaptenand the hypotenuse side |09 inclines upwardly and outwardly from the apex. The incline at |09 is about the same pitch as the incline at |06. With respect to the incline |36 on the ange, the side |09 on ring |33 forms an anti-clinal surface all around the joint, an intermediate part of which surface is interrupted or divided by the Joint between the nozzle and the adapter.

A collar H is disposed on the ring |33. The wall SI2 about the opening in the collar is inclined in a plane that substantially coincides with the incline |03 on ring |33. The wall |I2 and the wall 23 of the opening in the cover plate 2|a, form an interrupted synclinal surface with respectto the collar |i| and cover plate 23a considered conjointly, all around the respective openings. The openings which these synclinal surfaces surround are neither of them as large in diameter as the apex of the anticlinal surface on the` flange and ring.- Such being the case. when one of the synclinal faces move toward the other a wedging action is applied to the anticlinal surfaces lll-lll, and the reverse movement releases the wedging action.

0n the outer periphery of the collar |i i, there are ears |I3, preferably three in number. Anchored in threaded openings, one in each ear, is an outwardly projecting stud III, an intermediate portion of which extends through opend ings in the cover plate 23a. On the project-l ing end of `each stud |i| there is a wing nut lll,

glass parts of the pump itself. Such strains would, of course, be liable to break the expensive volute portion 3i which at this point would otherwise be relatively unsupported and, furthermore, strains at this point would be liable to interfere with the working clearance of the impeller.

YConsiderable dimculty has been experienced in making a rotary joint between a metal drive shaft C, and a rotary driven member such as the impeller I. The rotary Joint hereafter described is the subject of the above mentioned application and for the purposes of the present invention, it is suiiicient for an understanding of the rotary joint between the shaft C and impeller I is made by forming a socket |20`in the hub 1| of the impeller I. The wall of the socket is formed withpart, and this space continues between tang |2| and cavity 52|, and in this space is a hard solder or cementitious bond |21 which has the property oi'` expanding while congealing from the liquid Aor plastic-phase to the solid phase. The bond |21 forms a mechanical lock with the irregular surfaces that prevents longitudinal and rotary movement between the impeller and the quill.

' The stub drive shaft C fits in a socket |23 in the quill. 'I'he quill is keyed to the drive shaft C by a key |23 (see Figures 6 and 7), one half of which seats in keyway in the wall of the socket |23. aad the other half seats in a keyway |3| in-the drive shaft C. A positioning set screw |32 (see Figure 5) is threaded in an opening in the enlarged part |22 of the quill, and the inner which, when the parts are assembled `as shown in Figure 1, supplies the force to wedge the parts together and makea tight fitting between the adapter and the nozzle. A tight seal is provided between the edge of the flange on the female end of the adapter and the altitude side of -the rubber ring |63, and a groove ||1 is molded around the edge of the adapter to provide an additional seaiing means. Y

When these component parts of the fitting are assembled in the position shown, the collar ||I is pulled into position by means of the wing nuts |i|. In tightening up all these wing nuts, it will be observed from the drawings that this provides for the compression of the resilient ring l" so as to tightly grip the cylindrical surface of the nozzle 3| and at the same time to come up hard against and tightlyseal o8 the end of the suction adapter pipe l".

Invention is not claimed for these various ele-4 ments per se, as many of them are used in connection with glass piping practice but what I believe is novel is the use of these devices as indicated so as to provide more or less rigid means of connection of the suction pipe to the glassl suction nozzle of the pump. inva manner so as to remove the pipe strains from the-glass pump member itself. In this connection it will be noted from the drawings that-the adapter pipe |34 is held rigidly in position through the medium of the metal cover plate lla. This provision re moves any strain of the suction piping from the endof the set screw seats in an opening |33 in the shafts 'A second set screw |34 is mounted in a threaded opening in the enlarged part|22 v Patent of the United states is: ss

l. A centrifugal liquid pump comprising a sectional pump housing. a sectional glass pump cas'- ing supported by said pump housing with the sections in abutting relation in the assembled position, one of said housing sections being automatically yieldable with respect to another housing section in response to a predetermined pressure in the pump casing to` permit the casing sections to separate and release the increment of pressure. l

2.- A centrifugal liquid pump comprising a sectional metal pump housing. a sectional glass pump casing supported by said metal housing with lthe sections in abutting relation in the assembled position, spring loading means on one of said housing sections to permit the pump casing sections to automatically separate and discharge liquid therethrough in the advent of excess pressure within the casing.

3. A pump comprising a sectional pump casing. a pumping member in the pump casing, a drive 'sembled relation to prevent breakage y ing action.

the increment o'ipressure is released to atmos- 5 phere.

4. A pump comprising a sectional pump casing, and one of the external :i: i sections being movable in response to an excess of a predetermined pressure in the pump casing whereby the lo increment of pressure is released to atmosphre.

5. A pump comprising a frangible sectional pump casing, pressure supply means coasting with the casing sections to maintain said sections in `assembled relation, and pressure control 15 meansincluded in said means ecctive to limit the pressure on the casing sections in the. as-

in the irangible pump casing. f

6. A. pump comprising a irangible sectional gg@ pump casing, a housing supporting the sections of the pump casing, pressure supplying means carried by the housing Ito maintain the sections of the pump casing in assembled relation under pressure, means coacting with the rst mentioned Q5 means to control the pressure, and means coactinggwith the second means to limit the amount of pressure supplied by the irst mentioned means and prevent breakage in the frangible pump casing. Si Y 7. A pump comprising a corrosion resisting pump casing equipped with a port including an outstanding nozzle member, a corrosion resisting adapter pipe member, one of said membershaving a male end and the-other a female end 35 to provide a joint on their confronting ends in the assembled relation, each of said members being equipped with means adjacent their confronting ends to coniointly provide a anticlinal surface, an intermediate part of which is inter- 40 rupted by said joint, a housing supporting the casing and provided with means engageable' with said means on the adapter member to support same independently oi' said nozzle membena f collar surrounding said means on the' nozzle and 45 i118.

provided `with an opening. through which the y'nozzle extends, the walls of theopenings in the collar and the housing conjointly `formingfan interrupted synclinal surface bearing on .corresponding parts of the vanticlinal surface on the 50 nozzle and adapter -members respectively, and means connected with-the housing to move the collar relative to. the. housing and secure the confronting ends ofthe nozzle. and adapter mem- 'bers Itogether in substantially concentric relayL55' tion to each other and to seal the joint through the anticlinal ad synclinal surfaces by a wedg- -8. A: pump comprising -a corrosion resisting Dump casing equipped with a port including an 00 outstanding nozzle member, a .corrosion resisting adapter pipe member, one of said members having amale and the other a female end to provide a Joint on their confronting ends in the assembled relation, each of said members being o5 equipped with means adjacent theinconfronting 'ends to conjointly provide a anticlinal surface, f

anintermediate .part of which is interrupted by said joint, avhousing'supporting the casing and provided withA an opening surrounding said means 7o 'on the ladapter member, a, collar surrounding said means, o n the nozzle and provided withan opening through which thenozzle extends, the

walls of the openings in the collar and the housassu-sse surface on the nozzle and adapter members respectively, means connected with the housing to move the 'collar relative to the' housing and se-` cure the" confronting ends' oi the nozzle and adapter members together'in substantially concentric relation to each other audio seal the Joint-through the anticlinal and c surfaces by a wedging'action, one of said first mentioned means being resilient. and a resilient lining on the walls of the said ppening surrounding theother of said first mentioned means to pro-- vide a cushion between the coor resisting v surfaces andthe adjacent surfaces of the adapter and nozzle members. e

9. Al pump comprising a, frengible casing equipped with a. nozzle, .a pipe mber cooperative therewith to provide a joint on their confronting endsv in the assembled relation, said nozzlemember being providedxwith a resilient surface projection adjacent the confronting ends,

a housing supporting the casing and provided with means to support said' pipe member independently of said nozzle member, a collar disposed upon said nozzle member and provided with an opening-adiacentsaid surface projection, and means connected with the housing to cause the wallsof the opening in the collar member to engage in and release from interlocking relation with the surface projection, and

thereby form ends.

10. A centrifugal pump comprising a sectional pump casing formed of ahead section and asubstantialiy bowl-shaped volute section including a a seal between the confronting rim portion, a housing surrounding a part oi' the assembled sections, said housing supporting the volute section in abutting relation to the head sec-e tion, fulcrum means provided on the housing section. and a cleat on the rim of the volute section adjacent the fulcrum means adapted to cooperate with the fulcrum means in separating the casing sections when a pry bar is engaged with the fulcrum means andsaid cleat.

11. A pumpscomprising a sectional pump cas- I l a sectional housing supporting the pump casing sections in the assembled position, means on one housing section coacting with one casing v section for detachably locking thlatter in position during the assembly of the sections. and'aI second means on said onehousing section coacting with another casing section to support one of said secigssz in position during the assembly of the sec Y' 1 2. A centrifugal pump comprising a sectional frangibl'e pump casing, a sectional metal-housing supporting the vsectional pump casing in the as-vv sembled relation, means carried by one housing section and. coacting with the initially assembled casing section to hold the latter in positionwhile a subsequent section` is being assembled, and a second means independent oi' the first mentioned means carried by said on`e housing section and co'- acting with the secondly assembled casing .sec'

.tion to hold the latter imposition while the asv-1^ semblyisbeingcompleted. 13. A. centrifugal pump comprising a "glass pump casing formed in twosections,v a housing supporting the two sections in abutting relation,

said housing formed in two sections, one ofsaidhousing sections provided with an interrupted 11318, the Y initially applied casing section being provided with a flange interrupted to correspond with the solidpai'tsoftheinterruptedringonthe houing section, upetanding lips on the solid parts in: coniomuy forming an' interrupted syncn'mi u of ma internmted fing to lock the sono pam or said housing supporting one casing section in 10 abutting relation to another section, a cleat on lthe rim of one ot said sections, said housing having an opening providing a fuicrum adjacent the cleat and adapted to cooperate with the cleat in separating the casing sections when a pry bar is engaged with an edge of the opening and the cleat, and means to position said opening relative to said casing sections, to function as a drain for the pump.

HAROLD E. ADAMS.

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