US2345546A - Topping stand - Google Patents

Description

March 28, 1944. F VERBEEK 2,345,546

TOPPING STAND Filed Sept. 8, 1936 4 Sheets-Sheet l Unuenlor: AF Ve 5 e e /'r Affowrey March 28, 1944.' A VERBEEK 2,345,546

TOPPING STAND 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. 8, 1936 "III In. H

%' 1s (a, I I II I I nu IIIIIIIIIIWIII IIII'IIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIWIIIIIIIIIIII nmmm IIIIWWIII {71: vs niar:

y MAW March 28, 1944;

A. F. VERBEEK TOPPING STAND 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Sept. 8, 1936 March 28, 1944.

TOPPING STAND Filed Sept. 8, 1936 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 9a m valor:

B A/FVemZeer? I Mf'" A. F'. VERBEEK I ,3

Patented Mar. 28, 1944 TOPPING STAND Arnold Friedrich Verbeek, Wuestenbrand, Germany, assignor to Kalio, Inc., New York, N. Y.,

a corporation Application September 8, 1936, Serial No. 99,830

In Germany September 13, 1935 17 Claims. (Cl. 66-148) The invention relates to a method for the production of stockings with French heel and French foot and in fact to a method in which the legs and the feet of the stockings are made in a continuous piece and the heel parts worked on to the remaining portion in a second machine, i. e., the heel machine. The working on of the heel parts was hitherto performed in the manner, that the heel parts, which were made on special machine, subsequently were combined with the upper parts of the heels and the side parts of the foot after these parts had been separated from each other. The combination was performed by means of joining machines or knitting machines. In the first case some intermediate courses must be worked between the leg and the foot, whereby the manner of working of the knitting machine is rendered very complicated. In the second case the heel parts must be brought behind the knock over comb. This again involves the drawback, that the knock over comb hereby must be controlled in a manner which diifers widely from the usual way of working.

According to the invention finished heel parts are no more connected with the upper parts of the heels and the side parts of the foot, but the last course of loops of the high parts of the heels and the first course of the side parts of the foot are by means of a transfer mechanism still to be described transferred to the frame needles of a fiat knitting machine and thereupon in this machine, in continuation of the upper parts of the heels, the heel parts are produced.

The heel parts may be combined with the side parts of the foot by working on additional rows to the side parts of the foot simultaneously with the making of the heel parts and subsequently combining the heel parts and the side parts of the foot by linking. The combination may however also be performed in the knitting machine in which the heel parts are made after a method which also forms part of this invention. A- heel machine for performing this methodwill be described in due course. a I The invention also relates to a mounting device for transferring the last course of loops of the upper parts of the heels and the first course of loops of the side parts of the feet to the knitting machine. I I

The methods according to the invention and also the devices serving for carrying the said method into effectwill now be'explained with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a part of a stocking made in con-- tinuous process without heels,

Figure 1a is the same part of a stocking, but

with additional rows between the end rows of the upper part of the heels and the initial rows of the side parts of the foot,

Figure 2 shows the same'part of a stocking after it has been mounted on the needles of a knitting machine,

Figure2a shows the same stocking after the heel parts and some additional rows have been worked on to the side parts of the foot,

Figure 2b shows the same stocking as Fig. 20, but the heel parts are here combined with the additional rows .on the side parts of the foot,

Figure 3 is a part of a heel machine showing the arrangement of the'needles for making the heels, auxiliary needles and wide and narrow plates, when the heel is to be joined with the side parts of the foot in the machine,

Figure 4 is an elevation of the arrangement of the needles in a foot-making machine,

Figure 5 is an elevation of the same needle arrangement, but modified for the subsequent working on of the heels, v

Figure 6 is a plan view of a sinker head with jacks and slur cocks and also thread guides and needles in accordance with the modified arrangement of the needles shown in Figure 5.

Figure 7 shows diagraimnatically a draw cam (half-cam with driving profile) Figure 8 is a plan view of a mounting device, in which the parts of the bar have been brought into one plane,

Figure 9 is the front elevation of the mountin device according to Figure 8, but showing the stripping comb,

Figure 10 is the front elevation of the left-hand half of the mounting device according to Figure 9, in which the rows of needles in the parts of the bar lie'above and parallel to each other,

Figure 11 shows a section on the line A-B of Figures 8 and 9 of the mountingdevice in which the rows of needles in'the parts of the bar lie above and parallel to each other.

Figure 1 shows a stocking with French heel and French foot in which the leg I and foot '2 are produced in a single piece on an ordinary straight bar machine. In this machine, the leg is first produced with the upper parts of the heel 3 and 4 and the foot including the foot side parts 5 and 6 worked directly thereon.

After the separation of the connection between the parts 3 and 5 and 4 and 6 the piece of goodl i. e., the last course of loops of the upper parts of the heels 3 and 4, and the first course of loops of the side parts of the foot and 6 are transferred to the frame needles of a flat knitting machine, in which now after the last course of loops of the upper parts of the heels 3 and 4, the heel parts 3a and 4a and simultaneously the additional rows 5a.and 6a of the side. parts of the foot are worked on.

According to Figure 2a the additional rows 5a and 6a are separated from the heel parts so and 4a. In this case two separate yarn guides are used for the additional rows and the heel parts.

This has the advantage, that cheap material can be used for the additional rowsfbecause the same afterwards are removed by the ravelling. The yarn guide can however (Fig. 22)) move over the entire width of the heel parts and the side parts of the foot until a sufficient number of additional rows have been worked.

The transfer of the piece of good I and the cutting of the connection between the transfer courses 3 and 5 and 4 and 6 is performed in a special transfer device, which is described in connection with Figures 8 to 11."

The heel parts shown in Figures 2a and 2?) must be connected with the side parts of the foot by looping. This looping can be avoided when the heel parts during their formation in the knitting machine are joined with the corresponding side parts of the foot. This may be performed in the following manner.

After removing the finished workpiece from the knitting machine the end rows of the upper parts 3 and 40f the heels are mounted on the working needle arrangements 1 and 8 of the heel machine shown in Figure 3. These working needle arrangements consist of ordinary needles which are mounted at a suitable distance from each other on the needle bar 9. I

In order to facilitate the mounting of the workpiece on the heel machine, it is also possible, as shown in Figure 1a, between the parts 3 and 5 V and 4 and 6 respectively to insert-so-called intermediate or extra rows. V

The initial rows of the side parts of the foot 5 and 6 separated from the upper part of the heels 3 and 4 are mounted on auxiliary needles II] which are located between the working needle arrangements 1 and 8, likewise mounted on the needle bar 9. The auxiliary needles I0 do not take part in the formation of stitches. Accordingly, no threads are laid and worked within their range. The needles are, however, so designed that they hold the transferred stitches of the side parts of the foot during the movement of the needle bar in the working of the heel rows, i. e., do not throw them off during the pressing movement. In addition, the auxiliary needles are so designed that they can co-operate in the usual way with the transfer points II and I2 arranged above them. The auxiliary needles may either be given the same shape and position in the needle bar as the frame needles, except in this case no pressing edge may be arranged above the width of the auxiliary needles. It is, however, also possible to provide the auxiliary needles with a non-closing hook or finally they may also be arranged outside the travel of the frame needles so that they do not come into contact with the pressing edge.

In order to join the initial row of the side parts of the foot 5 and 6, with the heels to be worked on to the upper parts of the heels 3 and 4, after each heel row, the stitches of the side parts of the foot are transferred by 'the'transfer points initial row of the side parts of the foot is joined with a stitch of the inner line of the heel.

The decreasing of the heel on the outer edge of the heel parts is efiected in the usual manner by the narrowing points I3 and I4 which are arranged in normal manner above the heel needle groups I and B.

Figures 5 and 6 show a suitable design of a heel machine, the heel machine shown in Figures 5 and 6 being evolved from an ordinary foot machine. Formerly, it was the practice to make the legs and feet on two separate machines and in fact the foot on the foot machine already referred to. Now that legs and feet are produced, as shown in Figure 1, in a single piece, the foot machines or footers hitherto used have become superfluous. As, however, there are few possibilities left of using these machines, a special advantage of the method according to the invention is that these foot machines can be used, with slight alterations, for making the heels.

Figure 4 shows only the parts which are of importance here on a known foot machine. The needle bar is shown at 9a and carries the usual needles. On the four transfer rods !5 are arranged in known manner the wide transfer point combs I Ia and I204 and the inside narrow transfer point combs I3a and Ma.

According to the invention, the needle bar So of the existing foot machine is modified in such a manner that auxiliary needles Illa are inserted in the centre part while on the side parts the existing needles corresponding to the maximum width of a heel are retained. The auxiliary needles do not take part in the formation of the stitches but are so designed that the stitches located on them can be transferred.

At the same time, the grouping of the existing transfer points has been differently arranged, the narrow transfer point combs I 3a and Ma being arranged on the outside over the heel needle groups Ia and 8a and the wide transfer point combs Ila and I2a over the auxiliary needles IIJa which do not take part in the'formation of the stitches. The said points are actuated independently of each other, the narrowing points decreasing progressively as required by the decrease in the knitting of the heels while the wide transfer point combs always transfer from the same needles (auxiliary needles Illa) and the stitches hanging on the auxiliary needles, of the initial rows of the side parts of the foot 5 and B are always transferred to the first inner needle of the heel needle groups la and 8a. The Wide transfer point combs therefore no longer work with a progressive movement.

Instead of the auxiliary needles the usual needles can also be left in the needle bar, if the pressing edge I5 is moved back into the centre part as shown by Figure 6. -In this case, the needles also cannot take part in the formation of the stitches.

The sinkers I? are retained both on the side parts of the needle group and also in the centre part because they are required for forming the stitches of the initial rows of the foot side parts mounted on the auxiliary needles lfla of the centre part.

I8 indicates the thread guide located on the foot machine and which is only used for working one of the heels on to the upper part of the heel 3, whilst for working on the second heel to be worked on to the upper part of the heel 4, a sec-' ond thread guide I8a is provided. In like manner, a second slur cock |9a can be provided in addition to the existing slur cock Illa.

lAS, however, as stated above, sinkers are also located in the centre part of the needle group, the jacks operating these sinkers have been omitted because no stitches are formed in the centre part and therefore no sinking takes place.

The jacks 20, on the contrary, are only providedf-or the draw sinkers of the heel-working needle groups Ia and 8a. The sinkers in the centre part therefore only co-operate with the catch bar 2| but not with the catch bar and the slur cocks, like the sinkers of the heel working needle groups which take part in the formation of the stitches.

In view of the fact that owing to the us of two slur cocks, each one only has to travel a shorter distance than in the existing foot machine, the possibility exists of modifying the draw cam in an advantageous manner, as shown in Figure 7.

In the first place, the existing draw cam is shown which, as is well known, only executes a half-turn during one rotation of the cam shaft. During this half-turn, the slur clocks are moved across the needle group. The angle 11 cuts out of the driving curve of the draw cam that part (A) of the travel of the cam during which the slur cocks move the sinkers forward. In this part of the draw cam movement, no formation of stitches can accordingly take place. For the purpose of working the stitches, on the contrary, use is made of the section of the curve B with the corresponding angle, adjoining the part IA ofthe driving curve, the amplitude of the slur cock movement corresponding to the distance s.

Owing to the provision of the second slur cock Illa, the path traversed by the slur cocks need only amount to less than half of the previous travel 3, namely the distance s1, so that a driving curve A1 is obtained which is appreciably flatter than the original driving curve A. At the same time, however, the proportionate time for the working of the stitches would remain the same as before (section B and angle b). Accordingly, although a slower travel would be achieved, the machine could not run faster because the. proportionate time for the formation of the stitches remains the same. 7 j

As, however, the driving curve A1 is very flat relatively to the driving curve A, it can, without difiiculty, be selected, even with a higher speed of the heel machine, much steeper compared with that of the existing foot machine. In order to be able to make the machine run faster, the angle a and a is made smaller, as a result of which a driving curve A2 is obtained. This driving curve A2 is, it is true, somewhat steeper than the driving curve A1, but it is still appreciably flatter than the original steep driving curve A of the foot machine cam. i

As, however, in the case of this new driving curve A2, only the reducing travel 31 of the slur cocks is necessary, we also obtain for the Working of the stitches a new curve section Bl, the corresponding angle b of which is greater than the angle b corresponding to the curvesection B for working the stitches on the foot machine.

gained for the formation of the stitches. Therefore, the driving travel for the slur cocks is smaller, and the proportionate time for the working of the stitches greater than in the previous foot machines. As a result, the foot machine converted into a heel machine can run much faster than the existing foot machines without thereby im-' pairing the mode of operation of the resigned foot machines according to the present invention.

In accordance with the present invention, I

provide a specially-devised topping stand particularly intended to facilitate the handling of the blank for positioning the edge loops of the last course of each high heel section and the edge loops of the first course of each sole section of the blank.

As will appear from Figures 8 to 11, inclusive,

the specially devised topping stand comprises a cured to the support rail 32 in such a manner as to pivot through an arc of so that the rows of topping points thereonmay be brought selectively either above and parallel to the rows of topping points on the fixed part of the bar, or in the same plane therewith.

In order to facilitate the topping of the blank, the points of the movable parts of the bar are shorter than the points of the fixed parts of the bar, and said points are angularly bent to provide stop means for the fabric, as will more clear ly appear in Figure 11. The position of the hinges 34 and 34a is adjustable relative to the support rail 32 and the movable parts 3| and 3m of the bar so that the distance between the topping points of the fixed and movable parts may be varied. For thispurpose, the hinges 34 and 34a are connected to the support rail 32 and movable parts 3| and 3m preferablyby means of bolts 32a passing into vertically elongated openings 32b in said hinges in the manner more clearly shown in Figures 10 and 11.

on the support rail and, further, the movable parts may be adjusted up and down on the hinges. Accordingly, there is provided means associated with the swinging topping point sections to adjust the same in relation to the fixed topping point sections. The correct position of the movable parts of the bar when paralleling the fixed parts of the latteris assured by means of adjustable stops 36 and 36a.

Also mountedinthe support rail 32 and disposed on both sides of the topping bar are sliding members 3land 310: provided with knives 38 and 38a adapted to cut the connecting courses between the topped courses. In order to limit the movement of the two knives 38 and 38a dur ing the severing of the transferred courses, adjustable steps 39 'and'39a are provided on the sliding members 31. and3'la respectively. I

The knives may be operated individually by manually sliding the members 31 and 31a, or may be operated simultaneously by providing a suitable connection therebetween. The knives may also be adjusted up and down to correspond to the adjustment of the movable parts of the bar, for example, by means of set screws 40 and 40a, or like elements which may have screw-threaded By reducing the angle a, time is accordingly Thus thehinges may conveniently be adjusted up and down engagement with the knife carrying members 31 and 31a and bear upon the support rail 32 so that by tightening or loosening the set screws 49 and 40a or like elements, the normal play between said members and supporting rail may be taken up or slackened. Since, as clearly shown in Figures 8 and 9, the set screws or like elements are disposed adjacent the inner side edges of the members 31 and 31a, the leading edges of the knives 38 and 38a by adjustment of said set screws or like elements may be raised or lowered within limits sufficient to correspond to the adjustment between the fixed and swinging topping point sections without interfering with the sliding movement of the members 31 and 31a.

For the purpose of transferring the loops from the topping points to the needles of a heeler machine, an ordinary well known transfer bar is preferably used. For that purpose, the transfer bar isinserted in corresponding recesses 4! (Figure 11) of special receiving arms 42 which are connected to ashaft 43 rotatably mounted in bearings 44 secured upon the frame 33, so that said arms may be swung for bringing the transfer bar into operative position. In order to permit the adjustment of the points of the transfer bar in correct position relative to the topping points, the receiving arms 42 are provided with adjustable stop pins 45 preferably disposed to bear on the support rail 32.

The loops on the topping points are transferred onto the points of the transfer bar with the aid of a movable stripper comb 46 located in its inoperative position below the topping bar in order to allow the free topping of the blank and to render possible the pivotal movement of the movable parts of the topping bar.

The necessary movement for the stripping of the loops is preferably imparted to the stripper comb 46 by means of a link mechanism connected to the frame 33 and actuated by hand. The link mechanism, as shown in Figure 11, consists of a bell crank lever 41 mounted on the pivot 48. This pivot is located on the lever arm 49 which may be moved about the axis by means of the handle 50. In order to assure the correct guiding of the bell crank lever, the free end thereof is connected to a link 52 pivotally mounted on the frame 33, as shown at 53.

In using the novel topping device, the combination leg and foot blank, made in one operation on any suitable well known fiat knitting machine, is placed in engagement with the superposed and paralleling topping points, that is, the loops of the last courses of the high heel sections 3 and 4 are topped on the points of the fixed parts of the topping bar, and the loops of the first courses of the sole sections are topped on the points of the movable parts of the topping bar.

After the topping of the blank on the topping bar in the manner above stated, the fabric between the topped courses is cut and then the swingable parts of the topping bar with the loops engaged thereon are swung through an arc of 180 so that said loops are brought in a same continuous plane with the loops in engagement with the fixed parts of the bar.

Thereupon, all the loops in engagement with the topping points are transferred by means of the stripper comb 46 onto the transfer bar which is then used to transfer said loops onto the needles of the heeler machine for the purpose of adding heel tabs on the blank.

It is, of course, to be understood that the construction herein shown and described is capable of several modifications, and those modifications coming within the scope of the subjoined claims are to be considered within the spirit of the invention.

I claim:

1. In a topping stand, a topping bar comprising two topping point sections, each having a series of topping points, pivotal supporting means for said sections constructed and arranged to permit relative swinging movements of said sections from a straight line to a parallel position, a transfer bar having transfer points and supporting means for the same, loop transfer means comprising a comb movable to force fabric held on the topping points onto the points of the transfer bar, and cutting means mounted for operative movement between said topping point sections when in paralleling position to sever fabric topped onto both of said sections.

2. In a device for topping knitted fabric: a supporting rail; a pair of topping point sections fixed to said rail; a pair of topping point sections pivotally mounted on said rail to swing with re spect to said fixed sections for placement in relative paralleling positions to engage series of loops in paralleling courses within the fabric; members slidably mounted on said rail; and knives carried by said members for movement between the paralleling topping point sections to sever the fabric intermediately of the series of loops engaged on said topping point sections.

3. In a device for topping knitted fabric: a supporting rail; a pair of topping point sections fixed to said rail; a pair of topping point sections pivotally mounted on said rail to swing with respect to said fixed sections for placement in relative paralleling positions to engage series of loops in paralleling courses within the fabric; members slidably mounted on said rail; knives carried by said members for movement between the paralleling topping point sections to sever the fabric intermediately of the series of loops engaged on said topping point sections; and adjustable stops on said members for limiting the movement of the knives in their severing action.

4. In a device for topping knitted fabric; a supporting rail; a pair of topping point sections fixed to said rail; and a pair of topping point sections pivotally mounted on said rail to swing with respect to said fixed sections for placement in relative paralleling positions to engage series of loops in paralleling courses within the fabric, the topping points of the swinging sections being shorter than the topping points of the fixed sections.

5. In a device for topping knitted fabric: a supporting rail; a pair of topping point sections fixed to said rail; a pair of topping point sections pivotally mounted on said rail to swing with respect to said fixed sections for placement in relative paralleling positions to engage series of loops in paralleling courses within the fabric; and means associated with the swinging topping point sections to adjust the same in relation to the fixed topping point sections.

6. A topping bar comprising two sections each having a series of topping points and in which the points of one section are longer than the points of the other section, and binge connections for said sections constructed and arranged to permit movement of said sections from a parallel position to a straight line position in which a normal spaced relationship is maintained between all the adjoining points of said bar.

'7. A topping stand having a topping bar com prising two topping point sections, the points of one section being longer than the points of the other section, and pivotal supporting means for said sections arranged to permit movement thereof from a parallel to a straight line position in which a normal spaced relationship is maintained between all the adjoining points of said bar.

8. In a topping stand, a topping bar comprising two topping point sections, each having a series of topping points with off-sets in the shank portions thereof and in which the points of one section are longer than the points of the other section, pivotal supporting means for said sections constructed and arranged to permit relative swinging movements of said sections from a parallel to a straight line position, loop transfer means comprising a comb having teeth arranged to extend between the topping points and to the rear of said off-sets upon movement of said topping points to a straight line position, and a transfer bar having quills arranged to register with the topping points in straight line position.

9. In a topping stand, a topping bar comprising two topping point sections, supporting means for said sections constructed and arranged to permit relative swinging movements of said sec tions above axes located at adjacent ends of said sections upwardly to a parallel topping position, a knife movable to cut the fabric topped onto said parallel topping point sections, loop transfer means comprising a comb having teeth arranged to extend between the topping points and to the rear of the fabric upon movement of said topping points to straight line position, and supporting means for registering the points of a transfer bar with the points of said topping bar.

0. In a topping stand, a topping bar comprising two topping point sections, each having a series of topping points and in which the points of one section are longer than the points of the other section, pivotal supporting means for said sections having an axis substantially at the inner ends of said sections and on which said sections are movable from the straight line position to a parallel topping position, a transfer bar having points adapted to register with all the points of said topping bar in straight line position, and supporting means for said transfer bar.

11. In a topping stand, a topping bar comprising two topping point sections each having a series of topping points, the points of one of said sections being longer than the points of the other of said sections, means for supporting said sections in parallel position for topping separated courses of a knitted fabric thereon, and means for cutting the fabric extending between said topping points.

12'. In a topping stand having two topping units to receive parallel foot and leg courses from each heel corner to the selvages of a combination foot and leg stocking blank for subsequent transfer, which comprises in each of said units two topping point sections relatively movable between a topping position in which the sections of the two units are in parallel position and a transfer position in which all of the topping points of the several sections are in a spaced single line relationship, a fabric cutting knife associated with each topping point unit and movable for severing the fabric topped on the points when in parallel position, and slidable means for supporting said knives for their movement to sever the fabric.

13. In a topping stand, the combination of two topping point units each comprising a stationary topping point section, said topping point sections being supported in straight line relationship to one another, a movable topping point section associated with each of said stationary sections, a pivotal support for each of said movable sections on which said latter topping point sections are v movable from parallel positions with relation to the' stationary point sections inwardly into a spaced straight line relationship thereto, a fabric cutting knife associated with each topping point unit and movable for severing the fabric topped on the points when in parallel position, and means for supporting said knives in their movement to sever the fabric.

14. In combination in a topping machine, a base including journal bearing means for transfer bar supporting means, transfer bar supporting means journaled by said bearing means including portions for removably receiving a transfer bar, knockover bit mechanism including operating means providing for the transfer of yarn loops from loop-manipulating implements of the machine to loop-manipulating implements of said transfer bar, supporting means on the base for said machine loop-manipulating implements, groups of said machnie loop-manipulating implements stationarily supported by said base supporting means in position corresponding to positions of end sections of the transfer bar when the latter is positioned by its said supporting means, groups of said machine implements each mounted on said base supporting means for movement between a position in which the group is disposed in adjacent offset parallel plane relation to one of said end sections with the head ends of the implements of the adjacent groups in different planes normal to the longitudinal axes of the implements and a position in which the group is disposed in alignment with said one section, and means for severing yarn between said groups when they are in said adjacent offset parallel plane relation.

15. In combination in a topping machine, a base including journal bearing means for transfer bar supporting means, transfer bar supporting means journaled by said bearing means including portions for removably receiving a transfer bar, knockover bit mechanism including operating means providing for the transfer of yarn loops from loop-manipulating implements of the machine to loop-manipulating implements of said transfer bar, supporting means on the base for said machine loop-manipulating implements, groups of said machine loop-manipulating implements stationarily supported by said base supporting means in position corresponding to positions of end sections of the transfer bar when the latter is positioned by its said supporting means, groups of said machine implements each mounted on said base supporting means for movement between a position in which the group is disposed in adjacent oifset parallel plane relation to one of said end sections with the head ends of the implements of the adjacent groups in difierent planes normal to the longitudinal axes of the implements and a position in which the group is disposed in alignment with said one section with said head ends of the adjacent groups in a common plane normal to said axes, and means for severing yarn between said groups when they are in said adjacent offset parallel plane relation.

16. In combination in a mechanism operative in the production of knitted fabrics, yarn loopmanipulating implements for the reception of vv'alewisev spaced rows of loops of a fabric area, means for severing yarn between said rows, and means providing for pivotal movement of the rows about adjacent ends thereof after said severance. A

17. In combination in a mechanism operative in the production of knitted fabrics, groups of elongated yarn loop-manipulating implements for walewise offset parallel position of the groups with the head ends of the implements of the respective groups in ofiset planes normal to the longitudinal axes of the implements, means for severing yarn between thegroups in said position, and means providing for pivotal movement of the groups about adjacent ends thereof after said severance to efiect alignment of the groups.

ARNOLD FRIEDRICH VERBEEK.

Images