US2345396A - Hair net - Google Patents

Description

A, E. HUNTEIR 2,345,396 y HAIR NET Filed April 2o, 194s 3 sheets-sheet 2 l Inventor jllertEJun ter;

I ltorne Mardi' 2s,- 1944.

A. E. HUNTER lHAIR NET Filed April 2o,v 1943 s sheets-sheet s FIGS.

[nvenior lbertEHl/znta;

By f

. tiome Patented Mar. 28, 1944 HAIR NET Albert Edward Hunter, Wollaton, Nottingham,

England, assignor Company Limited, Nottingham,

April zo, 194s, serial No. 483,777

Britain November 19, 1942 Application In Great Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in hair nets and has for its object to produce on a machine a hair net which simulates the hand made hair nets of human hair previously imported from China and one that avoids the necessity of using elastic. Due to the present state of emergency the importation of hair nets from China is practically impossible and the use of elastic as an edge thread for keeping the net in position is now prohibited.

According to this invention a hair net is made on a machine (preferably a twist lace machine) in the form of a tube closed at each end and is provided with a slit or an opening intermediate each end which opening lies in the direction of the length of the tube. By the expression direction of the length of the tube is to be understood the direction in which the work moves up the facing bar of the machine. The tube is composed of two rectangular pieces of net joined at each side and at each end. of the rectangle preferably lies in the direction in which the work moves up the facing bar in which case the opening is preferably of less length than the distance between the end closures and is midway therebetween. The mesh of the net is uniform throughout with the exception of the net at or near the ends of the opening where the size of the mesh is appreciably reduced to assist in imparting a bag like shape to the hair net.

The opening is reinforced with a thicker thread than the threads of which the net is composed. This thicker thread is preferably extensible and to this end may comprise a knitted chain. Such chain may be of the same. type of yarn as that used in the manufacture of the hair net or may bediflerent but is necessarily'thicker; it may be a composite thread composed of `a plurality of thin yarns. The chain is preferably composed of crochet loops and may conveniently be knitted on two or more lmitting needles on a warp-type knitting machine by the'employment of two or more yarns.

If the nets are made on a twist lace machine a plurality of lengths are preferably made simultaneously across the breadth of the machine; they maye be joined by draw threads or otherwise as desired. Preferably each length comprises a tube joined transversely by' pillaring or clothing at intervals; after removal from the machine each length is severed across, each pillaring or clothing `and each severed portion constitutes a hair net of open-mouthed bag shape as previously described. 'I'he thick threads are independe 'I'he longer side to Byard Manufacturing England ent threads (that is they are drawn off a beam) and are under no tension or very light tension. They are tied in the pillaring and are tied in the net from the end of each pillaring to the the opening and are tied in by the bobbin threads along each edge of the opening (there being one thick thread along each edge). If the thick threads are knitted chains as described they are extensible and functionsimilarly to elastic threads ;A they strengthen the edge of the net and help to keep the net in position on the head of the wearer. 1

In order that the invention may be better understood reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings, in which: 1

Figure 1 showsan individual breadth of fab-- ric as produced'on the machine according to one embodiment of the invention. f

Figures 2a, 2b, 2c show the parts in Figure 1 after severance.

Figure 3 shows a. modified Vtype of individual breadth as-produced 'on the machine.

Figures 4a, 4b, 4c show the parts of Figure 3 after severance.

Figure 5 is a rear view of Figures 2b and 4b.

Figure 6 is a perspective view of a hair net cut from a breadth according to Figure 3.

Figure '1 is a detail view.

Referring now to Figures 1 and 2 the hair nets are made in the form of a tube l closed at intervals by pillaring or clothing 2. They are pref-` erably produced .on a twist lace machine and the manufacture of tubes on such machines is well known in the art. 'Ihe fabric is of net formation; numerous different types of nets can be produced on twist lace machines in well known manner.- In the length of each tube an opening- 3 .is formed. This opening is formed in one face only, eitherthe front face or the back 40 face and is of less length than the distance between the two ends 2 and is preferably disposed midway therebetween. It may be formed in the middle, that is midway between the edges of one face, by so actuating the warp threads that for a predetermined number of motions adjacent warps of that face do not tie with the same bobbin.` Alternatively the opening may be disposed I along one of the edges and in this case is formed by typing the edge warp of each face for a predetermined number of motions only withthe bobbins of its own face. To unite the fabric along the edges and thus make a tube the edge warps ofeach :face are of course tied together. After eeen length of tubular nel: has been removed 5t from the machine the tube is severed across each end of length of the pillaring 2 valong the lines 5 so that a plurality of independent hair nets is produced as shown in Figure 2. The4 fact that the opening 3 is of less length than the distance between each end of necessity ensures that a bag like shape is imparted to each hair net but to assist further in imparting such shape the size of the net on the face in which the opening 3 is formed is reduced at or near each end. In one construction the net of each face is a 20 motions net but on the face in which theopening is formed the one or two rows next adjacent to the pillaring comprise a 12 motion net, these are indicated at 6. Next adjacent to the 12 motion net are three or four rows of 16 motion net, these .are indicated at 1; the remainder is a 20 motion able a special thread is used composed of textile material and having a degree of stretchability. To this end the thick thread is produced by warp knitting. A preferred thick spread is composed of two yarns 9 and III knitted about three needles II, I2 and I3 in a row. The sequence of knitting is shown in Figure 5. Yarn 9 laps needle II passes to the rear lof needles I2 and I3, laps needle I3, passesgto the rear of needles I2 and Il to complete its cycle of movements. Yarn com-A mencing at the same phase laps needle I3 passes to the rear of needles I2 and Il, laps lneedle II and then passes to the rear of needle I3 to come plete its cycle of movement. v'I'he two yarns 9 and I may be similar to. one another but preferably one yarn is of artificial silk and the other is of hard twisted cotton. The composite thread thus produced has a sufficient degree of extensibility to enable the open mouth of the hair net. lto bel stretched by the wearer when putting it on and. taking it olf. 'I'he thick thread is tied in by the bobbin threads along each edge of the opening 3 and between the ends of adjacent openings is tied in to the one face of the fabric by the bobbin ence to Figures 1 and 2 excepting that the thick threads extend as loose threads between the ends of adjacent openings and after the tubes have been severed as described the loose ends of thick thread are clipped as near as possible to the endv of each opening; this is clearly shown in Figure 4.

In manufacture a plurality of tubes as shown in either Figures 1 or 3 is preferably produced simultaneously across the breadth ofa twist lace machine of the levers or go-through type and may be joined by draw threads or otherwise as desired. The warp threads are drawn from a warp and the thick threads which are under no tension or very light tension are drawn from a beam.

The expression hair net used herein means and includes slumber nets, and similar articles of feminine attire.

I claim:

1. In a machine-mage hair net, comprising a length of tubular twist-lace fabric, the ends of complemental strands of the fabric being joined to close each end of the tube, and the side of the tube' being provided with an elongated opening intermediate said ends; a stretchable thread of textile material. heavier than that composing the fabric, incorporated into the fabric along the edge of said opening.

2. A hair net according to claim 1, wherein said heavier textile thread comprises a knitted chain of fibrous material.

3. A hair net according to claim 1, wherein said heavy textile thread comprises knitted yarns of artificial'silk and hard-twisted cotton.

threadsand is also tied in the pillaring. 'I'hus when the tube is severed as described the thick threads of each hair net extend from the end of each opening 3 to the severed pillaring.

In an alternative method of carrying the invention into eifect shown in Figures 3 and 4 the hair nets are produced exactly as described with refermaterial incorporated into edges of said opening and terminating short of v 4. In a machine-made hair net, comprising a length of tubular twist-lace fabric, the ends of fibrous textile material, heavier than that composing the fabric, incorporated into 4the fabric fromend to end of the tube and extending along the edges of said opening.

5. A machine-made hair net, comprising a length of tubular twist-lace fabric, the ends of complemental strands in opposed faces of the tube being joined to close each end of the tube, one of said faces being provided with an elongated opening intermediate said ends and the size of the fabric mesh in such faceonly being reduced adjacent said ends; and stretchable threads of fibrous the fabric along'the the tube ends.

' ALBERT EDWARD HUNTER.

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