US2342098A - Waterproof elastic thread and fabric - Google Patents

Waterproof elastic thread and fabric Download PDF

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Publication number
US2342098A
US2342098A US441414A US44141442A US2342098A US 2342098 A US2342098 A US 2342098A US 441414 A US441414 A US 441414A US 44141442 A US44141442 A US 44141442A US 2342098 A US2342098 A US 2342098A
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United States
Prior art keywords
polyvinyl alcohol
water
thread
core
threads
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Expired - Lifetime
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US441414A
Inventor
Sterling W Alderfer
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EDWARD D ANDREWS
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EDWARD D ANDREWS
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Priority to US441414A priority Critical patent/US2342098A/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/32—Elastic yarns or threads ; Production of plied or cored yarns, one of which is elastic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D10B2321/06—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polymers of unsaturated alcohols, e.g. polyvinyl alcohol, or of their acetals or ketals
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2915—Rod, strand, filament or fiber including textile, cloth or fabric
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
    • Y10T428/2936—Wound or wrapped core or coating [i.e., spiral or helical]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the manufacture of an elastic (or non elastic), waterproof thread made from a polyvinyl alcohol and fabric made therefrom. It has been proposed heretofore to make thread from polyvinyl alcohol or its derivatives with or without the addition of a plasticizer which imparts elastic properties to the thread, but this form of thread has been unsuitable for many purposes because it is very readily soluble in water.' As a consequence it has not been usable for elastic garments such as girdles, belts, garters, or the like because the thread is destroyed if the garment is washed. Indeed the moisture supplied by perspiration has deteriorated the thread so as to render garments made therefrom unsorb water by swelling. If the polyvinyl alcohol can be restrained from expansion, however, it cannot absorb water and can be kept from deteriorating even if water contacts it.
  • the principle upon which this discovery and invention is based is the prevention of the deleterious action of water by confining the polyvinyl alcohol in a jacket or enclosure which is so tightly and closely applied to the material that it cannot expand and, therefore, will not absorb the water.
  • the invention in one form, consists in applying about a core of polyvinyl alcohol, a tight wrapping of thread which is applied in such closely positioned turns or convolutions that the polyvinyl alcohol cannot escape or expand. Being restrained from rerepeatedly without destruction of the thread or loss of its original properties.
  • the thread may either be elastic or nonelastic, depending upon whether the polyvinyl alcohol is compounded with a plasticizer, such as glycerol, which will impart that desirable quality to the thread.
  • a plasticizer such as glycerol
  • a tight fitting jacket may be braided about the thread or a closely fitting wrapping may be employed,
  • a thread with a core of the material and two closely and tightly wound layers of thread which may be cotton, silk, rayon, or any other material, but it must be distinctly and clearly understood that this is illustrative only and that the invention contemplates any tight fitting Jacket which will imprison the core and prevent its expansion without destroying the essential flexibility of the thread.
  • Fig. 1 is a side view enlarged of a typical covered thread such as may he used in the manufacture of elastic garments, the two coverings being stepped back to illustrate the construction.
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-section on the line, 2-2 of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a view of, a washable fabric made from the thread.
  • the basic lnvention'as set'forth herein'mcy be realized in other ways as noted.
  • the invention broadly consists in preventing destruction orthe core by confining it in a flexible 'jacketwhich covers it so completely that swelling of the core is prevented.
  • An elastic water-resistant thread compris- 40 ing a central core containing polyvinyl alcohol, and a covering thereon, the elements of the covering being tightly wound about the core and 1 forming a confining Jacket which prevents any expansion of the polyvinyl alcohol when contacted by water.
  • An elastic water-resistant thread comprising a core containing polyvinyl alcohol, and a covering over the core, said covering consisting of threads of glycerol-repellent material applied tightly about the core and in close contact with one another so as to prevent swelling of the polyvinyl alcohol under the influence of water.
  • a water-resistant fabric containing threads of polyvinyl alcohol, and an outer covering over the threads, said covering being tightly held over the threads and closely positioned so as to prevent expansion of the polyvinyl alcohol or seepage through. the covering when the fabric is moistened.
  • a fabric having incorporated therein threads of polyvinyl alcohol, and an outer covering which prevents the swelling of the polyvinyl alcohol when water contacts the threads.
  • My invention differs therefrom 20 6.
  • A fabric having incorporated therein threads of polyvinyl alcohol, and an outer covering tightly applied over the threads and. devoid of through passages so that when water contacts the threads the polyvinyl alcohol cannot swell either by stretching the covering or escaping through the covering.
  • a fabric having incorporated therein threads of .polyvinyl alcohol, and a water-absorbent outer covering tightly applied over the threads and devoid of through passages so that when water contacts the threads the polyvinyl alcohol cannot swell either by stretching the covering or escaping through the covering.
  • An elastic thread suitable for the manufacture of washable garments cornprising an inner elastic core containing polyvinyl alcohol and a confining jacket about the core, said jacket being composed of threads so tightly applied about the core and in such close contact that the core is prevented from swelling when water contacts therewith.
  • a thread suitable for the manufacture of washable garments said thread containing a core of polyvinyl alcohol, and means for preventing the destruction of the core when in contact with water consisting of a jacket surrounding the core, the elements of the jacket being so closely and tightly applied about the core as to prevent its expansion under the influence of water.
  • a covering for said thread which permits water to contact the polyvinyl alcohol but restrains the swelling thereof under the influence of the water.

Description

1944- s. w. ALDERFER 2,3
WATERPROOF ELASTIC THREAD AND FABRIC Filed May 1, 1942 INVENTOR JTERL ING M4 HLDERFER ATTORNEYS Patented Feb. 22,4944
wa'ram'aoor nms'rrc THREAD AND manic Sterling W. Alder-fer, Akron, Ohio, assignor of one-half to Edward D. Andrews, Akron, Ohio Application May 1, 1942 Serial No. 441,414
15 Claims.
The present invention relates to the manufacture of an elastic (or non elastic), waterproof thread made from a polyvinyl alcohol and fabric made therefrom. It has been proposed heretofore to make thread from polyvinyl alcohol or its derivatives with or without the addition of a plasticizer which imparts elastic properties to the thread, but this form of thread has been unsuitable for many purposes because it is very readily soluble in water.' As a consequence it has not been usable for elastic garments such as girdles, belts, garters, or the like because the thread is destroyed if the garment is washed. Indeed the moisture supplied by perspiration has deteriorated the thread so as to render garments made therefrom unsorb water by swelling. If the polyvinyl alcohol can be restrained from expansion, however, it cannot absorb water and can be kept from deteriorating even if water contacts it.
The principle upon which this discovery and invention is based is the prevention of the deleterious action of water by confining the polyvinyl alcohol in a jacket or enclosure which is so tightly and closely applied to the material that it cannot expand and, therefore, will not absorb the water. Specifically,-the invention, in one form, consists in applying about a core of polyvinyl alcohol, a tight wrapping of thread which is applied in such closely positioned turns or convolutions that the polyvinyl alcohol cannot escape or expand. Being restrained from rerepeatedly without destruction of the thread or loss of its original properties.
The thread may either be elastic or nonelastic, depending upon whether the polyvinyl alcohol is compounded with a plasticizer, such as glycerol, which will impart that desirable quality to the thread.
acting to the water as it would if free, he material will remain in its original condit on, and garments made of this thread can be washed terial and prevent its tacts water.
Other methods may be found to imprison the polyvinyl alcohol and prevent the swelling due to the absorption of water. A tight fitting jacket may be braided about the thread or a closely fitting wrapping may be employed,
To illustrate the invention in its best known or preferred form, there is shown a thread with a core of the material and two closely and tightly wound layers of thread which may be cotton, silk, rayon, or any other material, but it must be distinctly and clearly understood that this is illustrative only and that the invention contemplates any tight fitting Jacket which will imprison the core and prevent its expansion without destroying the essential flexibility of the thread.
In the form of the invention shown:
Fig. 1 is a side view enlarged of a typical covered thread such as may he used in the manufacture of elastic garments, the two coverings being stepped back to illustrate the construction.
Fig. 2 is a cross-section on the line, 2-2 of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a view of, a washable fabric made from the thread. p
The core i is, as stated, a thread made from polyvinyl alcohol by any known method. It may be extruded or formed from a tape by rolling or expansion when it confolding upon itself. It may also be a thread cut from. a sheet of the material, in which case it will be square in cross-section. If it is intended to be elastic, a suitable plasticizer such as glycerol is added to the polyvinyl alcohol.
The covering consists of two layers of thread closely and tightly wrapped about the core, an inner covering 2 wound in one direction and an outer covering 3 wound in the opposite direction. As shown, the convolutions of the'wrapping are placed just as closely together as it is possible to apply them so that no crevices or passages can be found through which the polyvinyl alcohol may force its way out of the im- Similar results maybe obtained by incorporat ing the polyvinyl core" as .the filler in a woven fabric in which the warp threads are closely prisoning jacket. As the polyvinyl alcoholcannot absorb the water without swelling and as swelling is effectually prevented, the material cannot be injuriously affected by the water. The only effect observable in a thread which has been immersed in water for severalhours is that when the outer cover is removed, spiral ridges appear' on the core where the polyvinyl alcohol has filled up the space between the covering threads. This is illustrated in 1'18. 2.
positioned so as to confine the'po v i 'ylma- 86 The basic lnvention'as set'forth herein'mcy be realized in other ways as noted. The invention broadly consists in preventing destruction orthe core by confining it in a flexible 'jacketwhich covers it so completely that swelling of the core is prevented.
The claims are intended to be of suflicient breadth to cover the various modifications of the invention which have been suggested. By the conception herein disclosed, it is posslbleto employ threads made of this material in a. wide variety of articles which have not been deemed possible heretofore because it has not been realized that the deterioration of the material may be prevented by confining it in the manner stated.
It'has been proposed to treat this material with glycerol. The reason for this treatment of the covering is .to prevent the glycerol from migrating from the core to the covering. Any usual or well known waterproofing treatment may be employed for this purpose. It will be understood,
however, that the purpose of the invention is not to prevent water from coming into contact with the polyvinyl alcohol.
In Fig. 3 is shown, merely by way of example, a square woven fabric made of elastic threads such as illustrated in Fig. 1. Any form of weave may be employed and this view is merely illustrative of material made from the thread elements.
What is claimed is:
1. An elastic water-resistant thread compris- 40 ing a central core containing polyvinyl alcohol, and a covering thereon, the elements of the covering being tightly wound about the core and 1 forming a confining Jacket which prevents any expansion of the polyvinyl alcohol when contacted by water.
2. An elastic water-resistant thread comprising a core containing polyvinyl alcohol, and a covering over the core, said covering consisting of threads of glycerol-repellent material applied tightly about the core and in close contact with one another so as to prevent swelling of the polyvinyl alcohol under the influence of water.
3. A water-resistant fabric containing threads of polyvinyl alcohol, and a water absorbent covering over the threads, said covering being devoid of fissures or passages through which the polyvinyl alcohol may escape when water is brought into contact therewith.
4. A water-resistant fabric containing threads of polyvinyl alcohol, and an outer covering over the threads, said covering being tightly held over the threads and closely positioned so as to prevent expansion of the polyvinyl alcohol or seepage through. the covering when the fabric is moistened.
5. A fabric having incorporated therein threads of polyvinyl alcohol, and an outer covering which prevents the swelling of the polyvinyl alcohol when water contacts the threads.
My invention differs therefrom 20 6. A, fabric having incorporated therein threads of polyvinyl alcohol, and an outer covering tightly applied over the threads and. devoid of through passages so that when water contacts the threads the polyvinyl alcohol cannot swell either by stretching the covering or escaping through the covering. I
7. A fabric having incorporated therein threads of .polyvinyl alcohol, and a water-absorbent outer covering tightly applied over the threads and devoid of through passages so that when water contacts the threads the polyvinyl alcohol cannot swell either by stretching the covering or escaping through the covering.
8. An elastic thread suitable for the manufacture of washable garments, said thread cornprising an inner elastic core containing polyvinyl alcohol and a confining jacket about the core, said jacket being composed of threads so tightly applied about the core and in such close contact that the core is prevented from swelling when water contacts therewith.
9. An elastic thread suitable for the manufacture of washable garments, said thread comprising an elastic core containing polyvinyl alcohol and a jacket surrounding the core, said jacket being composed of threads in close contact with the core and each other whereby absorption of water by the core is prevented by restricting any swelling of the core.
10. A fabric suitable for the manufacture of washable garments, threads of polyvinyl alcohol, and means for preventing the destruction of the threads by water in contact with the threads consisting of a cover over the threads which confines the polyvinyl alcohol and restrains its expansion under the influence of water.
11. A thread suitable for the manufacture of washable garments, said thread containing a core of polyvinyl alcohol, and means for preventing the destruction of the core when in contact with water consisting of a jacket surrounding the core, the elements of the jacket being so closely and tightly applied about the core as to prevent its expansion under the influence of water.
12. As a new article of manufacture a waterresistant material comprising a centrally located body of polyvinyl alcohol and means for preventing the absorption of water by the polyvinyl alcohol consisting of an outer covering which permits water to contact the polyvinyl'alcohol but restrains the swelling thereof under the influence of the water.
13. A washable fabric containing polyvinyl alcohol, and means in said fabric which permits water to contact the polyvinyl alco 'ol but restrains the swelling thereof under the i uence of the water.
14. A thread containing polyvinyl alcohol, and means on said thread which permits water to contact the polyvinyl alcohol but restrains the swelling thereof under the influence of the water.
15. A thread containing polyvinyl alcohol, and
a covering for said thread which permits water to contact the polyvinyl alcohol but restrains the swelling thereof under the influence of the water.
STERLING W.
said fabric containin
US441414A 1942-05-01 1942-05-01 Waterproof elastic thread and fabric Expired - Lifetime US2342098A (en)

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3154111A (en) * 1962-07-27 1964-10-27 Kendall & Co Textile fabric
FR2107990A1 (en) * 1970-09-25 1972-05-12 Turcksin C Elasticated fabric - woven from elastic yarns having a helically wound sheath
US4262480A (en) * 1979-03-01 1981-04-21 Frederick A. Lowenstein Novelty yarn and method and apparatus of making same
US5628172A (en) * 1994-08-31 1997-05-13 Nathaniel H. Kolmes Composite yarns for protective garments
US5655358A (en) * 1985-08-16 1997-08-12 Kolmes; Nathaniel H. Cut resistant support yarn suitable for wrapping with an additional yarn covering
USRE38136E1 (en) * 1985-08-16 2003-06-10 Supreme Elastic Corporation Cut resistant support yarn suitable for wrapping with an additional yarn covering
US20030192157A1 (en) * 2001-04-10 2003-10-16 World Fibers, Inc. Composite yarn, intermediate fabric product and method of producing a metallic fabric
US20150275407A1 (en) * 2012-10-16 2015-10-01 Dbapparel Operations Preform and knitted tubular item having a retaining edge of a single thickness and method of producing such an item

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3154111A (en) * 1962-07-27 1964-10-27 Kendall & Co Textile fabric
FR2107990A1 (en) * 1970-09-25 1972-05-12 Turcksin C Elasticated fabric - woven from elastic yarns having a helically wound sheath
US4262480A (en) * 1979-03-01 1981-04-21 Frederick A. Lowenstein Novelty yarn and method and apparatus of making same
US5655358A (en) * 1985-08-16 1997-08-12 Kolmes; Nathaniel H. Cut resistant support yarn suitable for wrapping with an additional yarn covering
USRE38136E1 (en) * 1985-08-16 2003-06-10 Supreme Elastic Corporation Cut resistant support yarn suitable for wrapping with an additional yarn covering
US5628172A (en) * 1994-08-31 1997-05-13 Nathaniel H. Kolmes Composite yarns for protective garments
US20030192157A1 (en) * 2001-04-10 2003-10-16 World Fibers, Inc. Composite yarn, intermediate fabric product and method of producing a metallic fabric
US6803332B2 (en) * 2001-04-10 2004-10-12 World Fibers, Inc. Composite yarn, intermediate fabric product and method of producing a metallic fabric
US20050069685A1 (en) * 2001-04-10 2005-03-31 World Fibers, Inc. Composite yarn, intermediate fabric product and method of producing a metallic fabric
US7000295B2 (en) * 2001-04-10 2006-02-21 World Fibers, Inc. Composite yarn, intermediate fabric product and method of producing a metallic fabric
US20150275407A1 (en) * 2012-10-16 2015-10-01 Dbapparel Operations Preform and knitted tubular item having a retaining edge of a single thickness and method of producing such an item
US9976235B2 (en) * 2012-10-16 2018-05-22 Hanes Operations Europe Sas Preform and knitted tubular item having a retaining edge of a single thickness and method of producing such an item

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