US2334686A - Throttle - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 16, 1943. F. c. BINNALL 2,334,536

THROTTLE Filed Feb. 24, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Fig. 2

INVENTOR BYZJZ 2 ATTORNEYS FEEDER/CK Q B/IV/VALL Nov. 16, 1943. F. c. BINNALL 2,334,686

THROTTLE Filed Feb. 24, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR FREDER/CK G. B/N/VALL ATTORNEYS Patented Nov. 16, 1943 Frederick (J. Binnall, River Forest 111., assignor to Beatrice W. Binnall, River, Forest, Ill.

Application February 24, 1941, Serial No. 380,370

gas and other vapor tothereby prevent formation 6 Claims.

This invention relates to throttlesand its object is the production of a new and improved type of throttle which quietly throttles the passage of liquid from a high-pressure portion to a low-pressure portion of a piping system. Y

Other objects of the invention include the provision of auxiliary devices and elements Which cooperate with the principal quieting arrangement of the disclosed new throttle to enable the throttle to operate in substantial silence While delivering water over a wide range of rates of flow from a Wide range of supply pressures.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION The term throttle, as used herein, applies equally to a fixed device and to an adjustable one, 211- though a throttle is usually adjustable, and is usually provided with a seat, enabling it .to function as a shut-off valve.

It has long been a problem to construct throttles for use in controlling the flowof liquids, particularly water, without giving rise to the common throttle noises generated in or given off by the liquid in flowing through the throttle throat,

and experiencing a pressure drop from throttle i let to throttle outlet. The noises referred to are sometimes called wire-drawing noises, and are distinct from other noises which may result from a vibration of the parts of a Worn or poorly designed valve. V

I have found that the throttle noise emitted by Water in its high-velocity flow from a high-pres.- sure source arises from the formation. and collapse of bubbles within the flowing stream, and that such action can occur only when the high velocity flow results in eavitation-the production of areas of negative or sub-atmospheric pressure. This is indicated by the observed fact that throttie noises are eliminated entirely when a suflicient back pressure can be imposed on the discharge side of the throttle, even though the supply pressure be increased suilicien'tly to maintain the original velocity of flow through the throttle. The increased back pressure inhibits the formation of bubbles in the water. passing through the throttle.

In View of the foregoing, an object of the invention is the production of a throttle arranged to prevent the high-velocity flow therethrough from forming cavities or low-pressure areas in which noise-generating bubbles can form,

In producing a throttle structure capable of carrying out the last stated object of the invention (the prevention of the formation and consequently the subsequent collapse of bubbles of of the accompanying objectionable noise), I prefer to locate the outlet of the throttle to one side of the direct path of the high-velocity discharge f ow and to arrange a baffle (conveniently the walls of the throttle casing) which acts to divert the high-velocity discharge jet stream from the outlet, back toward the base of the main jet stream, and to so shape and locate the defining Walls that cavitation conditions conducive to the formation of the previously mentioned bubbles are avoided. By adding. to such a device a preliminary throttleupstreamward-of the principal throttle above outlined, I have provided a composite throttle arrangement capable of handling supplypressures of over one hundred pounds to the square inch, all without making use of any of the more or less expensive or otherwise unsatisfactory arrangements heretofore used to produce quiet throttling of high-pressure liquids. v v 7 Other. objects and features of the invention will become more apparent as the description progresses. This application is a continuation in part .of my prior application for Throttling valves, filed March 3,1937, Serial Number 128,481.

The drawings Referring now to the accompanying drawings, comprising Figures 1 to '7, they show views of various forms and uses of throttle valves constructed according to the features of the invention.

' Figure 1 shows .a View partly invertical halfsection and partly in vertical quarter-section of an anglepattern throttle valve A designed especially to act as a control valve or stop for use in connection with a direct-connected metering flush valve forflushing water closets and the like;

Figure 2 shows a view similar to Fig. 1 but showing a throttle valve B, which is a desirable modification of thethrottle valve A, Figure 1;

Figure 3 shows in'vertical section a throttle valve C which employs a specifically different arrangement of parts and is intended for general use, suchas in the supply line extending to a lavatory faucet, the shut-oif valve of a bath tub, .or to the control valve of a shower head, and the like;

Figure 4 shows a view, partly in vertical halfsection and partly in vertical quarter-section,

of the angle-pattern throttle valve D, an im-,

provement on the throttle valve A, Figure 1;

Figure 5 shows a throttle valve E constructed according to the principles of the throttle valve D of Figure 4, but in the so-called straight pattern instead of in the angle pattern;

Figure 6 shows a throttle valve constructed generally according to the principles of the throttle valve D, Figure 4, but designed as a general-purpose throttle valve, as is the throttle valve C, Figure 3;

Figure 7 shows an enlarged view, principally in vertical half-section, of the throttle valve D, Figure 4, with lines and arrowheads indicating principally the paths and directions of flow during throttling.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION The invention, having been described generally, will now be described in detail, with reference to the drawings.

Figure 1 Referring now particularly to Figure 1, the throttle valve shown therein includes a casing or body 2 having the female-threaded inlet 3 and the male-threaded half-union outlet 4.

Throttle valve A is. specifically arranged and designed to operate as a combined throttle valve and shut-off valve in association with a flush valve. I

, Inlet port 26 permits the flow of water from inlet 3 into conditioning chamber I3, whence the water can'pass through outlet 4 tothe flush valve or other supplied device. The taperedseat surface 25 surrounds the discharge side of inlet port 26 ,to constitute, the fixed seat of the valve. Throttle I I, preferably of metal orQother substance with/similar characteristics, has seating member IUlocated and disposed therein so as to contact fixed seat 25annu1ar1y to close off the inlet entirely when desired. .f H J Throttle and valve parts'I I and I II aremounted on adjustment stem I2 for j axial movement toward and away from fixed seat 25.; StemIZ has the male-threaded portion I I which cooperates with the threaded opening through bonnet I'I, threaded into the open upper end of easing 2. Stem I2 is provided with annular packing member 2I, held undera desired state of compression by packing gland 20. Finish cap I8 may be threadedly secured to the outer enlarged portion of bonnet I! as indicated. When adjustment of the valve is desired, finish shield I8 may beremoved to permit stem I2 to be turned by asuitable tool, inserted in the kerfed endportionlIQ. Partsv I and II are held in'place on stem I2, againstishoulder 22, by retaining nut 5, whichis threaded. on the lower end of stem I2 to press up against recessed, seat member ID. JSeat'member I0 may'beof rubber or other similar material of the desired hardness. .When' the available supply pressure admitted to the inlet of throttle valveA is not materially in excess of the required'pressure, the throttle valve A may be adjusted by means of stem I2 to a wide-open position, in which the top portion of throttle II comes up close to the bottom portion of bonnet 'I'I. ment, the water flows comparatively freely throughvalve A, with an almost negligible drop in pressure therein. For higher pressures, throttle valve A must be adjusted to a morejnearly closed position.

In the illustrated position of adjustment, it is to be noted that ,the lcwerflange 6 of the retaining nut coacts with the inside surface of inlet'port 28 to form a somewhat restricted annular throat followed by the space 1. Following circular flange 6 and its succeeding space 'I,

In this position of, adjustcounterbore 24 and throttle II constitutes the principal throttle throat, bein more restricted, or of ,less cross-sectional area than any preceding throat. The water therefore emerges in an annular jet into conditioning chamber I3 at the highest velocity which it attains in passing through the device.

The function of annular flanges 6 and Bis to induce mild but effective successive drops in supply pressure, while the function of the annular recesses or spaces I and 9, as well as of the unfilled portion of counterbore 24, is to store substantial amounts of water having no net' for ward movement, which interacts with the mildly pre-throttled passing stream to extract kinetic energy therefrom, transferring it to local eddying currents wherein it is dissipated in the form of heat. The net result of'this is that the velocity of the moving stream is slowed bythis interaction to such an extent that a less static pressure is applied to the principal throttling throat, that between seat II and the upper limit of the surrounding counterbore 24, than would be the case if the stream passed smoothly from inlet port 26 to the principal throttling throat.

" In the illustrated position of adjustment, the high-velocity jet stream emerging from th principal throttling throat passes around throttle II in the form of a slightly expanding cone. This stream is directed through conditioning chamber I3 intopocket IS, The jet stream thereupon divides, a part of itturning inwardly, reversing, and passing downwardly along the inwardly protruding portion of bonnet 11, until it comes into contact with the upper face of valve I I, at which point it is diverted radially outwardly, along the upper face of throttle I I, until it comes to the edge 23. At edge 23, the reflected jet stream contacts, and moves upwardly with, the main high-velocity jet stream.

' The other portion of the conical stream striking in the pocket I6 is diverted outwardly and downwardlyalong the insidewall of chamber 2 until it reaches the bottom portion of the chamber opposite the upper end of the counterbore 24, at which point the stream moves radially inwardly to contact and move upwardly with the emerging high-velocity stream and to cause such stream to closely hug the exposed portion of throttle II. I i

The returning of the reflected branches of the main discharging 'stream'to the exposed inner and outer bases of the high-velocity'jet acts to fill up voids tending to form, and thus prevents the formation of areas sufiiciently low in pressure to permit'the formation of noise-generating bubbles, whereby the throttling is accomplished in substantial silence.

, Observation has shown that it is highly important that the'main high-velocity jet stream be diverted all around its periphery and reflected back against the base portion of itself, as previously brought out, and also that all portions MMS and cit-shoots lot-the highsvelocity jet stream are prevented from passing directly out through the outlet for such. high-velocity stream-s disually have suflicient -kinetic energy to cause gen eration of objection-able noise within or beyond the outlet. This "pesult is accomplished :by the provision of pocket hi, which receives-and reflects the jet streams; baflling them away from the passage through outlet 4. All these 'J'et streams are held within-conditioning chamber 13 until st-ream motions have been largely ran.- domized, and the kinetic energy has been sufliciently converted into'iheat that the stream flowing but through outlet passes tranquilly at a t ioi'nparatirely uniform and low:ve1ocity, whereby 1 to be about as efiectiye .asa. greater angle.

found beneficial in. reducing itemporary noises V .ameter slightly'smaller than lcounterbcre 2!,

whereby itlcannot catch or bind when the yalye is'being highly throttled 01' 10566. Off. The height of throttle M is preferably so related to the depth of counterbcre '24 that the top surface of the throttle is about flush with the top of the counterbore when the "valve is closed off.

7 Figure 2 "Fi ure :2 i vriew oi a throt le valve 1 em al -y milar to throttle'walve A of Fi re l, and ope t e l y as d s ribed fiance tion with Figure 1. The additional feature of throttle valve 13 is that structure has been provided to define the traveling annular pocket it" at the upper end of cond oning chambe 1, such structure being afiixed-to and movable with throttle assembly 1 J carried on a j ustment stem 1-2. Valve B is shown in is most toll-y openposition, but is capable of adjustment to its aftully seated position as well asto any intermediate position.

In both of the throttle valves illustrated in Figures .1 and 2,211: wil be observ d thiitthe point of break away of the highsvelocity principal jet from fixed contact with the .side waljl throttle i] or H"; as well as away from the walls of the counterbore 'llor 24, is at a. reat angle. That is to say, the top surface of throttle :l I, 'for ex!- ample, veers away :from'the side wall of the throttle at sharp'edge 123 at an angle slightly greater than ninety dcgrees'to thereby permit'the inner reversed, returning deb-driven streams to strike readily at the baseiof the principal discharging high-velocity jet stream where {it breaks away from -throttle H. Similarly, the wal o the casin .2 ers sharh yaw y iron; t

cylindri a wa efining ccunterbore 24, Shearinc, s ream-spreading, and sim lar actions tending to cause nois y creating bubb e-gen rati lowressure areas, are thus ayoided.

It has been r u si hi hl i p rt nt, in th construction of Figures 1 and 2, that the break Figure .3

Fi ure .3 as previously pointed out, shows ,a combined throttleland shut-oil valve C designed for general use in throttling the flow of water supplied through an opened ball-cock, lavatory B1 681", ,lMlIldliY-lfldloutlet, and the like.

vane Shown in its closed ofi position, includes a hollow casing 4! having conditioning chamber All therein. female-threaded inlet isshown atAlandthe female threaded outlet at .43, ,Erom inlet 42, a passageway leads through inlet port 59 tapered seat 46, and counter-bore 51, to inlet chamber 40, from which outlet passage wayi'vfi leads to outlet 43. Bonnet 5,2 is threaded 1y secured-to the casing as shown and it threadedly :suDPQr-ts adjustment stem :53, provided at the upper 611C155 with a shaped portion suitable for enabling it to be turned by a suitable tool or key. Stem 50 is packed at 53, the packingbeing held position by the combinedspackin'g gland andalock shield 54. I

On the lower end of stem 59, throttle 49 is secured centrally in place by the illustrated con-.- struction, being held by the annular seat insert 4. retained in place by'flange v58 of retaining screw 44.; i L I 1 throttlevalve C has been opened to per- {hit a throttled flow to occur through outlet"43, thejseajting portion 41 is withdrawn from en'- gaigemenhwith the cooperating body seat 45,-to permit such flow to occur. When the openward adiustment has'bcen sufiicientl carried out to permit .a rate of .flow within the range. ordinarily,

used, seating portion 41 has been suiliciently re"- moved from fixed seat 46 that the opening between the seats is larger in area than the open ing between the inside wall defining counterbore 51, and throttle 49. The throttle 49 and attached seating port-ion "may at this time be in a; posi ticn of adjustment generally comparable to the position of adjustment illustrated in Figure 1.'

It is to ":be noted that the side-wall shape of throttle 49 is conical, while throttles H and 1| havea side wallshape somewhat closely approximating a portion of a sphere. The simpler side wall shape-10f throttle :49 was found to cooperate best with the simpler associated preliminary throttle arrangement, including head '44 of the retaining screw and the recess or space 45 be tween "head 44 and retaining flange 58. In both cases, one thing in common is to be noted--the principal throttli-ngaction occurs as the flowing ,water is progressively thinned out and brought gradually to its thinnest and highest velocity portion at the point where it emerges into the conditioning chamber (13 in Figure 1; 40 in Fig- In Figure 3, pro-throttling is accomplished between screw head 44 and inlet port 59,-or tapered seat '46 depending upon the position of adjustment. T cpreliminary extraction of energy from the flowing stream to reduce the total head of the water is accomplished by the interaction between this stream and the eddy currents within space 45, and the cdd wcurrents within the preconditioning chamber comprised of the lower portion of counterbore ,51.

i Figure 4 Figure 4 shows the throttle valve D, in angle pattern, an improved form of a quiet throttle valve adapted for use as the control valve in association with a flush valve, being preferred principally over Figure 1, for example, in that the upper limit of supply pressure which can be throttled quietly at the rates of flow commonly used is well above one hundred pounds to the square inch with the construction shown in Figure 4, instead of the upper limit of about sixty pounds in the construction shown in Figure 1.

Throttle valve D includes a hollow casing 63 having threaded inlet 62 and half-union outlet 64. In Figure 4, the discharge end of supply'nipple 6| is shown threadedinto inlet 62, and the upstream. end of flush-valve-supply nipple 90 is shown held in union relationship to the outlet of the throttle valve by union nut 89. Between threaded inlet 62 and inlet port 66, there is provided an inlet chamber 65, which could conveniently be eliminated by raising the inlet 62 up toward inlet port 66, except that control valves as customarily used in connection with flush valves have the illustrated locational relationship between the inlet 62 and the outlet 64. fiers of the selenium type. X

The working and assembly opening opposite inlet 62 is closed by bonnet I4. Bonnet 14 con tains an adjustment stem .11, kerfed at 16 for adjustment by a screw-driver or a similar instrument, and packed against leakage at 18, the packing being compressed as desired by packing gland l5, Bonnet 14 has the inwardly extending thimble portion 8|, provided with internal threads to adjustably hold stem 11. Around the-base of thimble portion 8|, a cavity 19 may be provided. When the bonnet is produced by casting, cavity 19 may be cored out to thereby save metal. Otherwise} the inner face of bonnet 14, between the threaded peripher'y'and thimble 8|, may be finished flat.

In order to permit throttle 12 to be accurately centralized during flow, to the end that the discharged jet stream'be of uniform thickness all around, throttle I2 is provided with a stem 82 projecting somewhat loosely into a blind holeextending into the lower end of adjustment stem 11. The depth of this hole is preferably so related to the length of stem 82 that a substantial clearance space 84 is provided between the top face of throttle l2 and the threaded lower end portion 83 of adjustment stem 11. In this way, the bearing point about which throttle 12 and attached stem 82 may turn in aligning accurately with a passing flow is sufficiently far from the throttle, and sufficiently close to the axis of move-- ment that substantial alignment may readily re-" sult.

A illustrated, throttle 12, together with an- I gular seat portion 68 and pre-entrant portion 68, are all molded (of comparatively hard rubber or similar substance) onto the lower end of throttle stem 82. The throttle stem 82 may conveniently be made of hexagonal metal rod with a shoulder formed thereon by upsetting at 85 to act as a seal against spewing out of the compound during the throttlemolding and vulcanizing operation. The lower portion 81 may be treated, as by knurling, to give a good grip between the metal and the rubber.

In the event that it is installed in the upright position illustrated for convenience in Figure 4, valve D is a gravity-restored check valve, for

the throttle assembly, including parts 82 and 12, is free to fall by gravity to seated position when no flow is occurring, being raised by the flow, when it occurs, to the illustrated position in which the upper end of throttle stem 82 is stopped by the upper end of the blind hole drilled in adjustment stem 11. To aid in the centralizing operation, the upper end of stem 82 may be chamfered'somewhat, preferably at the usual sixtydegree drill-point angle.

The throttle valve D is shown in substantially the position of adjustment which, when the supply pressure is at or above one hundred pounds to the square inch, permits a rate of flow of about thirty gallons a minute to pass therethrough and thence through theassociated flush valve to a water closet of usual construction. In this position of adjustment, the bottom face of the throttle plug is very nearly level with the bottom of counterbore 88; or just about to emerge from within the confines of angular seat 61. In this position of adjustment, the preliminary throttling stage or throat is formed by the annular clearance space between fixed seat 61 and the lower edge of the short cylindrical portion 68, appended to the bottom of the angular seat portion 69 'of the throttle body. The water flows through this preliminary throttling orifice at a moderate velocity, induced by a drop in static pressure of about thirty pounds to the square inch. The immediately succeeding space within counterbore 88 and around seat portions 68 and 69 serves as a preconditioning chamber in which the velocity head is largely converted into heat by interaction between the flowing stream and the local eddying currents. It may be pointed out that cavitat on, a lowered pressure condition favorable to bubble formation .and consequent noise generation, is prevented, within the preconditioning chamber defined by counterbore 88, by the high back pressure, about seventy pounds to the square inch, placed upon the contents of the preconditioning chamber by the restriction represented by the succeeding principal throttle stage.

The slightly'spreading, conical, high-velocity jet stream discharged from the principal throttling stage, and passing upward along the conical side walls of plug 12. passes across conditioning chamber 13 into pocket 92 to strike against the lower face of bonnet 14 circularly just inside the threaded periphery. This jet stream thereupon divides, a part of it passing outwardly to the outside wall of pocket 92 to be reflected downwardly to the bottom of chamber 13, and thence inwardly and slightly upwardly along the an ularly disposed face '10 to the outside base portion of the main jet stream.

The portion of the main jet stream diverted inwardly in pocket 92. at the circle of its contact with the lower face of bonnet l4. proceeds radially inwardly to strike the exposed outer face of thimble 8|. and is there reflected downwardly around thimble 8|, to strike the upper face of throttle 12, from which it is again turned outwardly to strike the inside base of the main jet stream.

Figure 5 As previously mentioned, the throttle valve E of Figure 5 is a straight-pattern device otherwise similar to the angle-pattern throttle valve D. Figure 4. It' includes casing 63, having its female-threaded inlet 62' in axial alignment with the outlet 64'. Principally in order to enable back to lines 20!, are intended to depict water flowing in a toroid inside of the high-velocity conical discharge stream, as the outwardly branched lines 202 similarly depict toroidal movement of water outside of the high-velocity jet cone.

Lines 293 and"204, shown both at the leftand at the right of the drawing, are intended to depict toroidally moving films of water lying successively Within the principal toroid defined by lines 20! and 202. Similarly, lines 266 and 205, are intended to depict toroidal movement of water films inside the toroid indicated by lines 2M and 201. The inner toroids of movement, it will be understood, are viscosity driven, or friction driven, each by the next successive outer one, the action being as previously noted in connection with the toroid depicted by lines 210 within counterbore 88. Keeping in .mind that jet velocities up to or higher than one hundred feet a second exist in throttling devices handling pressures around .one hundred pounds to the square inch, it will be appreciated that the'particles of water within conditioning chamber 73 move within the toroidal paths above discussed-at much higher velocities than are ordinarily'associated with the movement of water through pipes. 'At these high velocities, the action'and interaction between'the adjacent films of water result in much mixing and intermixing of fast-moving and slow-moving water within a small space, resulting in the quick extraction of energy from the moving streams to permit the water to flow placidly through outlet 64.

It. may be further noted that lines 208 indi- 'cate toroidal movement of water within the annular bonnet cavity around the base of thimble BI, and that lines 209 depicta similar toroidalmovement of water adjacent the exposed threaded portion of the adjustment stem. I

I claim":

1. A silent throttling-valve device comprising the combination of a casing having a condition ing chamber, an outlet port communicatingthere with, an inlet 'portja valve seat surrounding the inlet port, and afc ylindrical counterbore surround,- i'ng the valve seat and opening into the conditioning chamber, said valve seat being of greater diameter thani'the inlet port and said counterbore being of "greater diameter than said valve seat and said valve sat beinglocated between thednlt port and the counterbore, and 'avalve member adjustable toward and from' thevalve seat axially thereo'flsaid valve memberinclud ing a main tapered throttling portion so-loc'at'ed and dimensioned as to formwith the edge of the cylindrical counterbore wall at the entrance "to the conditioning chamber a main restricted throttling throat, when the valve is Tslightly opened, a valve-s'eat-engaging portion, and a secondary throttling; portion so located and dimensioned. as to form with the inlet port and valve seat a secondary throttling throat, when the valve ss sts tween'the'inlet portand the counterbore, and a valve member adjustable toward and from the valve seat axially thereof, said valve-member ineluding a valve-seat-engaging portion seating on said valve seat when'the valve i closed, a main tapered throttling portion located downstream from the valve-seat-engaging portion and so lodated and dimensioned as'to form with theedge of the cylindrical counterbore wall at the enis slightly opened,lessrestrictedthan the main throatand located upstream therefrom."

2. A silentthrottling-valve device c m r sing a the combination of a casing having'a conditioning chamber, an outlet'port communicating th rewith, an inlet port, a valve seatsurrounding'the. y.

inlet port, and a cylindrical counterborfsurf .rounding the valve seat and opening into the conditioning chamber, said valve seat being of greater, diameter thanthe inlet port and; said counterbore being of greater diameter thansaid valve seat and said valve seat being located betrance to the conditioning chamber a main restricted throttling throat when the valve-seat-engaging portion is spaced slightly from the valve seat, whereby an annular liquid jet is directed into said conditioning chamber substantially parallel to the wall of said main tapered throttling portion, and a secondary throttling portion located upstream from the valve-seat-engaging portion and so located and dimensioned as to form with the inlet port and valve seat a secondary throttling throat, less. restricted than the main throat, when the said valve-seat-engaging portion is slightly spaced from said valve seat, and an enlargement of the passage between said throats, whereby the liquid flow is partially throttled preliminarily before reaching said main throat. I l

' 3. A silentthrottling-valve device comprising the combination of a casing having a conditioning chamber, an outlet port, communicating therewith, an-inlet port, a valve seat surrounding the inlet port, and acylindrical counterbore surrounding the valve seat and opening into the conditioning chamber, said valve seat being of greater diameter than the inlet port and said counterbore'being of greater diameter than said valve seat and said valve seat being located between the inlet port and the counterbore, and a valve member adjustable toward and from the valve seat axially thereof, said valve member including a valve-seateengaging portion seating on said valve seat when the valve is closed, a main tapered throttling portion ,located downstream from the valve-seat-engaging portion and so located and dimensioned as to formwith the edge of the cylindrical counterbore wall at the entrance to the conditioning chamber-a main restricted throttling throat when the valve-seatengaging portion is spaced slightly from the valve seat, whereby an annularliquid jet is-directed into said conditioning chamber substantially parallel to the WaILof'said, main tapered throttling portion;and-iasecondary throttling portion located upstream" from; the :valve- -s eat-engaging portion and so" locatedand dimensioned as :to form with the inlet port and valve seat asecondarythrottling throat, less restricted than'the mainthroat, when the said valve-seat-engaging portion is slightly spaced from; said valve seat, and an enlargement of the passage between said throats, whereby theliquid flow is partially throttled preliminaril before reachingisai d main throat, the wall of said conditioning chamber opposite to said counterbore being so formed and located as to reflect and'divert said annular jet along toroidal circulationipathstoward the wall .of the. conditioning chamber-whichincludes the counterbore. l e

rounding the valve seatand pening in'tothe conditioning chamber, said-valve seatbeing of greater diameter than the inlet port and said counterbore being of greater diameter than said valve seat and said valve seat being located between the inlet port and the counterbore, and a valve member adjustable toward and from the valve seat axially thereof, said valve member including a valve-seat-engaging portion seating on said valve seat when the valve is closed, a main tapered throttling portion located downstream into said conditioning chamber substantially parallel to the wall of said main tapered throttling portion, and a secondary throttling portion located upstream from the valve-seat-engaging portion and so located and dimensioned as to 1 form with the inlet port and valve seat a secondary throttling throat, less restricted than the main throat, when the said valve-seat-engaging portion is slightly spaced from said valve seat,

and an enlargement of the passage between said throats, whereby the liquid flow is partially throttled preliminarily before reaching said main, throat, the wall or said conditioning chamber opposite to said counterbore being so formed and located as to reflect and divert said annular jet along toroidal circulation paths toward the wall of the conditioning chamber which includes the counterbore, and the last-mentioned wall being so formed as to direct the reflected liquid toward the base of said annular jet as it emerges from the main throttling throat.

5. A silent throttling-valve device comprising the combination of a casing having a conditioning chamber, an outlet port communicating therewith, an inlet port, a valve seat surrounding the inlet port, and a cylindrical counterbore surrounding the valve seat and opening into the conditioning chamber, said valve seat being of greater diameter than the inlet port and said counterbore being of greater diameter than said. valve seat and said valve seat being located between the inlet port and the counterbore, and a! valve member adjustable toward and from theq valve seat axially thereof, said valve member including a valve-seat-engaging portion seating on said valve seat when the valve is closed and a main tapered throttling portion located downstream from the valve-seat-engaging portion and so located and dimensioned as to form with the edge of the cylindrical counterbore wall at the entrance to the conditioning chamber a, main restricted throttling throat when thevalve-seatengaging portion is spaced slightly from the valve seat, whereby an annular liquid jet is directed into said conditioning chamber substantially parallel to the wall of said main tapered throttling portion, the wall of said conditioning chamber opposite to said counterbore .being so formed and located as to reflect and divert said annular jet along toroidal circulation paths toward the wall of the conditioning chamber which includes the counterbore.

6. A silent throttling-valve device comprising the combination of a casing having a conditioning chamber, an outlet port communicating therewith, an inlet port, a valve seat surrounding the inlet port, and a cylindrical counterbore 'surrounding the valve seat and opening into the conditioning chamber, said valve seat being of greater diameter than the inlet port and said valve seat being located between the inlet port and the counterbore, and a, valve member adjustable toward and from the valve seat axially thereof, said valve member including a valveseat-engaging portion seating on said valve seat when the valve is closed and a main tapered throttling portion located downstream from the valve-seat-engaging portion and so located and dimensioned as to form with the edge of the cylindrical counterbore wall at the entrance to the conditioning chamber a main restricted throttling throat when the valve-seat-engaging portion is spaced slightly from the valve seat,: whereby an annular liquid jet is directed into said conditioning chamber substantially parallel to the wall of said main tapered throttling por- -tion, the wall of said conditioning chamber opposite to said counterbore being so formed and counterbore, and the last mentioned Wall being so formed as to direct the reflected liquid toward the base of said annular jet as it emerges from the main throttling throat.

FREDERICK c. BINNAIL.

CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION. Patent No. 255L6 6. November 16, 1915.

FREDERICK C. BINNALL.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 1, sec- 0nd column, line 27, for "Serial Number 128,1481' read Serial Number l28,8l1.l-; page 5, first column, line 51,Figure 2, for "is" second occurrence, read its; page i first column, line 27, Figure 1;, strike out the syllable and words "fiers of the selenium type."; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 21st day of December, A. D, 19145.

Henry Van Arsdale,

(Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents.

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