US233345A - Telephonic telegraph - Google Patents

Description

E. GRAY. Telephonie Telegraph.

No. 233,345. Patented Oct'. 19, 1880.

VITJVESSES UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICEO ELISHA GRAY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

TELEPHONIC TELEGRAPH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 233,345, dated October 19, 1880.

Application filed May 18, 1878.

:To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELIsnA GRAY, of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful improvements in the art of and apparatus for 1o character or quality whatever, and audibly reproducing such impulses, vibrations, or waves, of which art and apparatus the following is a specification.

ln Letters Patent of the United States Nos.

166,095 and 166,096, granted to me July 27,

187 5,and in sundry applications for Letters Patent forimprovements in electric telephony led by me October 29, 1877 I have shown devices intended to operate as common receivers and 2o reproducers of lall sor-ts of rhythmical impulses, vibrations, or Waves representing sounds of whatever kind or quality with reference to the number of tones simultaneously transmitted, received, and reproduced, and

2 5 their relations to each other in respect of amplitude, rate, Sto.

In an application for Letters Patent tiled by meFebruary 23, 187 5, for improvements in the art of transmitting musical impressions or 3o sounds telegraphically,and in apparatus forso transmitting such sounds or impressions, I have shown devices for transmitting musical sounds and one methodxof arranging the same in an 'electric circuit to produce the desired results,

3 5 including the relation of the main battery to the line and instruments at each end, and described the effects produced.

In Letters Patent No. 186,340, granted to me January 16, 1877, I have shown and de- 4o scribed a method of and apparatus for gener ating, transmitting, and reproducing in an electric circuit rhythmical impulses, undulations, vibrations, or waves, as Well as an improved method of connecting the transmitting apparatus to the line and main battery, so that any toneof a series could be transmitted without interference with the power used in the transmission of another tone, and so that two or any greater number of tones could simulta- 5o neously be transmitted, received, and reproduced, preservingtheir individuality as perfectly as the same Would be preserved in passing through the air. This patent also showed a closed circuit in which a continuous current from a main battery kept a reproducing and receiving magnet constantly charged, and devices for varying the power or electro-motive force of the current by superposing thereupon the vibrations or undulatious generated by the transmitters.

In Letters Patent No. 175,971, granted to me April 11, 1876, for improvements in telephonic telegraph apparatus, I have shown a series of receivers so constructed that each receiver, Which consists of a resonant box with a magnet having a tuned armature mounted upon it, Will only respond to the particular note to Which it is adapted. This apparatus in practice is arranged upon circuit, as shown in my patent of January 16, 187 7, No. 186,340, above mentioned.

My invention constitutes an improvement upon the inventions set forth in the patents and applications above recited; and it consists,

first, in a novel art, method, or system of transmitting through an electric circuit rhythmical impulses, pulsations, undulations, vibrations, or Waves representing composite tones consisting of a fundamental and its harmonics, each tone being assigned its proper electromotive force,y and reproducing said tones on separate receivers arranged in close proximity to each other and each tuned correspondently with its respective transmitter, the resultant effe-ct being that of a common receiver capable of reproducing tones of every description or quality; secondly, in combining a series of transmitters vibrating at such relative speeds as to produce the fundamental and harmonics of the tone to be transmitted, and a main battery so arranged as to give each transmitter the desired amplitude otvibration, thirdly, in combining a series of transmitters vibrating at such relative speeds as to produce the fundamental and harmonics of the tone to be transmitted, a main battery so arranged as to give each transmitter the desired amplitude of vibration, and a series ot' separate receivers, each adapted to reproduce the corresponding tone of its respective transmitter.

By having a number of receivers tuned to all rates of vibration with correspondently- IOO tuned transmitters, it is possible to transmit and receive composite tones varying greatly in respect to quality, rate, Src. For instance, the different vowel sounds may be transmitted and received by this apparatus, provided that the receivers are of proper relation to each other and all arranged near together, so as to get thecomposite effect of the tone sent through the wire.

To render the vowel sound a, for instance, I transmit a composite tone the simple elements of which would bear the following relations to each other: The amplitude orvibration of any simple tone which goes to make up the composition of a vowel or any sound is determined in this case bythe number of cells of the battery used by the transmitter of that particular tone. Let us assume as a basis for the fundamental or lowest tone in the clangor composition of tones one hundred vibrations per second. The vowel a is composed of ve sim ple tones. If, as we have assumed, the iirst or fundamental tone is to have one hundred vibrations per second, the second tone will have two hundred, the third three hundred, the fourth four hundred, and the fifth five hundred. These tones, however, to produce the desired effect, must not all have the same amplitude or loudness. The second tone should be rather moderate in strength, which will be accomplished by giving it fewer cells of battery; the third much greater amplitude, as this is the characteristic rate of the clang, to accomplish which I add a greater number of cells of battery, while the fourth and tifth tones, respectively, are added with a feeble amplitude.

It will be seen that by this arrangement I am enabled to control not only the number of tones transmitted, but their relations with respect to rate and amplitude.

The accompanying diagram represents an arrangement upon circuit of generating, transmitting, and reproducing apparatus for carrying out my improvements.

The different sections 1 2 3 4 5 of the main battery, it will be observed, are arranged, as to number of cells or electro-motive force, with respect to the amplitude of vibration or waves desired in each of the tones of the com position, as hereinbefore stated.

A series of corresponding receivers are provided for the reproduction of the tones transmitted by the generators; but as such receivers are shown and described in my previous patents above mentioned, their detailed description is unnecessary here.

It is,`moreover, deemed unnecessary to describe in detailitheconstruction of the apparatus employed more than to say that it comprises main and local batteries, apparatus for generating and transmitting vibrations representing the composite tone to be transmitted, receiving apparatus capable of reproducing such tones, and a closed circuit through which a continuous current passes to keep the magnets permanently charged.

The arrangement on circuit is similar to that shown in my patent of January 16, 1877, above mentioned, while the transmitters represented in the diagram are similar to those shown in Letters Patent No. 165,728, granted to me July 20, 1875.

Each transmitter T is operated by its respective local battery, (omitted here for convenience of representation.) The receivers R are similar to those shown in Letters Patent N o. 175,971, granted to me April 11, 1876, hereinbefore mentioned, and consist of an electromagnet mounted upon a sounding-box in a way that will readily be understood from the drawings, and are capable of reproducing great varieties and qualities of tones.

It will be observed that my arrangement of batteries and transmitters admits of an unlimited variety of adaptations and combinations in respect to number and character of tones as to amplitude, rate, &c., so that when the quality of any tone is once determined by analysis it may be reproduced by my combination by the organization of the several parts relatively to each other.

The operation ot' my invention will readily be understood from the foregoing description.

When it is desired to transmit a composite tone of a particular clang I depress the keys which bring into operation such batteries and transmitters as an analysis of such clangs dictate should be used.

To transmit a sound ot' different quality I depress a different set of keys, arranged, as before stated, with reference to the necessities ot the case.

It is unnecessary to give a detailed analysis of the great variety of sounds, as the principle involved is fully set forth in the case already given.

From the foregoing description it will be apparent that tones or sounds mechanically may be transmitted through an electric cir cuit by a proper arrangement of transmitters, batteries, and receivers.

The combination, in an apparatus for generating and transmitting vibrations, impulses, or waves representing composite tones, of a closed circuit, a series of transmitters vibrating at such relative speeds as to produce the fundamental and harmonics of the tone to be transmitted, a main battery so arranged as to give each transmitter the desired relative amplitude of vibration, and a common receiver, or one capable of reproducing tones of every variety and quality, is not claimed herein, as such combination constitutes the subject-matter of Letters Patent No. 205,378,2granted to me June 25, 1878, on an application tiled April 9, 1878, of which this constitutes a division.

I claim as of my own invention- 1. The hereinbefore described art ot' generating and transmitting through an electric IIO circuit rhythmieal impulses, pulsations, undulations, vibrations, or Waves representing a fundamental tone and its harmonics, said improvement consisting in assigning to each tone an electro-motive force proportional to the amplitude of vibrations necessary to produce it.

2. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, in an apparatus for generating and transmitting vibrations representing composite tones, of a series of transmitters vibratin g at such relative speeds as to produce the fundamental and harmonics of the tone to be transmitted, andamain battery so arranged as to give each transmitter the desired relative amplitude of vibration.

3. The combination, substantially as herescribed my name.

ELISHA GRAY. Witnesses:

WM. D. BALDWIN, WM. J. PEYtroN.

Images