US2330113A

US2330113A - Dirt scraping apparatus

Info

Publication number: US2330113A
Application number: US243562A
Authority: US
Inventors: Gordon E Daniels
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1938-12-02
Filing date: 1938-12-02
Publication date: 1943-09-21
Anticipated expiration: 1960-09-21

Description

Sept. 21, 1943. e. E. DANIELS DIRT SCRAP-ING APPARATUS Fil ed Dec. 2, 1938 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 I INVENTOR. GOPDON E. DANIELS fizz/M ATTORNEY.

Sept. 21, 1943.

G. E. DANIELS 2,330,113 DIRT SCRAPING APPARATUS Filed Dec. 2, 1938 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 FIG. 2-

INYENTOR. Gopowv E. D N/ELS ATTORNEY.

Sept. 21, 1943. ca. E. DANIELS Q DIRT SCRAI ING APPARATUS 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Dec. 2, 193.8

. R m m V m GOIPDON E. DANIELS ZQZWM ATTORNEY.

Sept 1943- G. E. DANIELS DIRT SCRAPING APPARATUS 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Dec. 2, 1938 INVENTOR. 6027mm E. DANIELS Sept. 21, 1943.

e. E. DANIELS DIRT SCRAPING APPARATUS Filed Dec. 2, 1938 5 Sheets-Sheet s ATTORNEY.

Patented Sept. 21, 1943 Gordon E. Daniels, Los Angeles. Calif. Application December 2, 1933, Serial No. 243,562

25 Claims. (01. 87-126) This invention relates to dirt scraping apparatus, and has particular reference to apparatus of the type disclosed and claimed in my copending application, Serial No. 163,540, filed September 13, 1937, for Dirt scraper" (and since matured into Patent No. 2,172,672, issued on September 12, 1939) wherein a dirt accumulating body, having a transversely extending scraping edge associated with the bottom thereof, is

dragged over the ground to be scraped. During directed therein.

' One object of the present invention is to re-. duce the force necessary to move scraped material in a scraper body. This is accomplished by applying a rolling motion to the dirt instead of bodily moving the dirt from one and to the other in the body.

Another object is to prevent damage to scraper operating mechanism due to breakage of a part of such mechanism.

Another object is to simplify the construction of scraper apparatus.

Themanner in which the above and other objects of the invention are accomplished will be readily understood on reference to the following specification read in conJunctlon with the accompanying drawings wherein:

Fig. l is anelevatrlon view of the scraper apparatu embodying the present invention and is the forward movement of the body the dirt is shown in di ging position;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the scraping apparatus; I Fig. 3 is a sectional longitudinal elevation view of the scraping apparatus;

Fig. 4 is a sectional plan view of the differential load drum and is taken along the line 4-4 of Fig. 3; Fig. 51s transverse sectional .view, taken along the linei-i of Fig. 3; v

Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the truck post and is taken along the line -6 of Fig. '5;

Fig. 7 is a sectional view showing the mounting of one'of the cutting teeth and is taken along the line 'l--| of Fig. 9;

Fig. 8 "is a fragmentary sectional view of the sealing edge assembly for the floor member and is taken along the line 8-8 of Fig. 9;

Fig. 9 is a sectional plan view, partly broken.

away. and is taken along the line 89 of Fig. 3 Fig. 10 is an elevational view, partly broken away and partly in section, illustrating diflerent of Fig. 3;

thehoist drum and is taken along the line i2--i2 Fig. 13 is a plan view of the safety anchor and is taken in the direction of the arrow i3 of Fig. 11; Fig. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view through one of the crowder moving springs and is taken along the line l4-l4 of Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawings, the side walls It and l I of the scraper body are connected at their upper ends to longitudinally extending beams I2...

edge of blade 2| extends below the remainder of.

the scraper body. Side cutter blades 9 are also provided on the forward lower edges of sides it and! The forward end of the scraper is supported for vertical movement on a truck, generally indicated at 22, mounted on pneumatic tired wheels 23. The axle 24 for the wheels 23. has pivotally secured thereto a tongue 25 which is adapted to be drawn by a suitable tractor (not shown) A bearing block 26 (Figs. 3 and 5) ismounted within a well 21 formed centrally in the axle 2d and is movable about a horizontal transversely extending pin 28. Block 25 has a vertically extending socket formed therein to-iournal a depending bearing stud 28 formed on the botwm of a post 30.

square in cross-section. having a pair of spaced guide rails 3i and 82,'formed on opposite sides thereof. These rails have slidably fitted therein,

pair of slide blocks 34 and 35, pivotally mounted on

pins

36 and 31. respectively, secured in the beams l3 and I2, respectively, at the forward ends thereof. I It will thus be seen that blocks 36 and 35 form a sliding, rocking. bearing connection between the post 30 and the forward portion of the scraper body.

A'pair of arcuately shaped links 39 are pivotally supported at their forward ends on opposite sides of the lower portion of the post by a transversely extending pin 40 and are pivotally supported at their rear ends to forward extensions ll of the bottom body beams it by coaxial pins 42. 1

Asshown in Fig. 6,post 30 is substantially The forward end of the scraper body is raised and lowered along the post 39 by means of a cable 43 wrapped around and anchored to a small diameter section 44 of a. differential hoist drum 45 (Fig. 5). Drum 45 is joumaled on a transversely extending shaft 46 supported by brackets 41 depending from the beams I2 and I3. Cable 43, after leaving the small diameter section 44 passes around a pulley 49 rotatably mounted on a bracket at the top of post 39 and is then led around a pulley 49 rotatably mounted in a pulley block 59. Block 59 is pivotally mounted on a pin 5| extending between the beams I2 and I3. On leaving pulley 49, cable 43 is passed over a pulley 52, also rotatably mounted at the top of post 39 and is thence wrapped around and anchored to a large diameter section 53 of the drum 45. A second cable 54 is wrapped around and anchored to"a second large diameter section 55 of drum 45 and thence passes under a pulley 55 rotatably mounted in an opening 39' extending through post 39. The cable 54 is preferably operated by a power driven winch provided on the tractor and under control of the tractor operator. When the cable 54 is drawn by the winch the drum 45 will be rotated so as to cause a difierential action upo the cable 43 to shorten the length of the same and thus draw the scraper body upwardly alon the post 39.

As shown in Figs. 3 and 12 the two ends of the cable 43 are retained on their respective sections of the drum 45 by rollers 51 and 58 rotatably mounted at the ends of double lever arms 59 and 59, respectively. Arms 59 and 69 are independently journaled on a shaft 6| supported from the beams I2 and I3 by brackets 62 and 63. Tension springs 54 and 65 are connected between the arms 59 and 69, respectively, and the brackets 62 and 63, respectively, to urge the rollers 51 and 58 into contact with the peripheries of the

respective drum sections

53 and 44.

The above mentioned novel arrangement of the post 39, links 39 and rocking slide bearings 34 and 35 permits the'post to remain in substantially the same relative position for different elevated positions of the scraper body.

Referring to Figs. 1, 3, 9, and 19, the crowding mechanism will now be described.

A crowding member comprising a crowder apron- 65 is located at the forward end of the scraper body and is movable into various positions adjacent and past the scraping edge 2|. A pair of spaced arms 61 extending rearwardly from the apron 66 are integrally connected thereto by short cylindrical projections or bosses 98 and pro- Ject along the scraper sides I9 and II. Bosses 99 are adapted, in certain positions of crowder apron 96, to rest on the forward beam extensions 4 I, and are also adapted to ride along convex guiding surfaces I12 defining the forward edges of the scraper sides I9 and II. Arms 61 are pivotally secured at their rear ends by means of coaxial pins 19 to the forwardly extending ends of link members 12, the rear ends of which are pivotally mounted by coaxial pins 13 on brackets 4| projecting upwardly from the forward extensions 4|. Each of the arms 61 has a longitudinally extending slot 14 therein along and in which is adapted to ride a pin 15 mounted on a link member 15. The other end of the link 16 is pivotally connected at 11 to an arm 19 which, in turn, is pivotally connected by a pin 19 to a bracket formed on thelink 12 intermediate its ends. A U-shaped bar 89 is suitably secured to the under-surface of each arm 91 intermediate its ends and is positioned so as to rest on the top of the respective forward continuation 4| of the beams I4, as in the position shown in Fig. 1.

The entire crowder mechanism is resiliently urged by a compression spring arrangement generally indicated at 8| into the position of Fig. 1. when tension on a crowder operating cable system (to be described hereinafter) is released. The details of the spring arrangement 9| are shown in Fig. 14 wherein a clevis member 92, also fitted on the pin 19, has a rod 83 extending therefrom and slidably received in a telescoping tube 94, the opposite end of which is formed into a head journaled on a pin carried on a bracket 99 extending upwardly fromthe respective lower body beam I4. A sleeve 81 is slidably mounted on the rod 83 and is engaged by a compression spring 99 extending therebetween and the flange 99 of the head of tube 84. A second but weaker spring 99 is inserted between the flanged end 9| of sleeve 81 and the head of clevis member 92. The combination of the two

springs

99 and 99, the function of which will be described hereinafter, urges the link member 12 in a counter-clockwise direction about the pin 13.

Referring now to Figs. 2 and 3. the rear wall 94 of the scraper comprises spaced, substantially L-shaped structural members 93, the longer legs of which incline rearwardly. Members 93 are pivoted at their forward ends on a transverse shaft 95 extending between the side walls I! and I3. A metal sheet 99 forming the rear wall extends over the structural members 99 from a point adjacent the shaft 95 to the upper ends thereof. A pair of coaxially extending tubular projections 91 and 98 extend outwardly from the upper ends of members 93 and form bearing supports for pulleys 99 and I99, respectively. These projections 91 and 98 are also adapted to rest on the upper edges of the upper body beams I2 and I3, respectively, to support the rear wall in the full line position shown in Fig. 3.

Wall 94 is retained in the full line position shown by a latch device generally indicated at I98. Latch device I99 comprises a bar I89 supported on the top of the wall 94 by spaced brackets I9I which bar is adapted to be engaged by a latch member I9I, secured on a transverse shaft I92 iournaled within bearings I99 and I94 (Figs. 2 and 11). These bearings are provided on brackets extending upwardly from the transversely extending beam I9 of the scraper body. As shown in Figs. 1 and 11 a crank lever I99. suitably keyed to shaft I92, is pivotally secured at the lower end thereof to a flexible rod I99. Rod I96 is pivotally secured at the other end thereof to a second crank lever I91. Lever I91 is fixed to one end of a stub shaft I99 (Fig. 2) iournaled in bearings I99'supported on transverse body beam IS. A trip lever II9 (Figs. 2 and 10) is flxed to shaft I99 and has an arcuately shaped under-surface adapted to be engaged by the upper edge of crowder apron 99 when the crowder is moved into an upper position.

Referring to Figs. 3 and 9 a floor member or bottom III is provided at the bottom of the scraper body and is hinged on a shaft III extending between the scraper sides I9 and II at a point directly behind the scraping blade 2| for movement about a transverse axis. A pair of parallel spaced beams II3 support the floor III and each has a pair of coextensive brackets III at the rear ends thereof, which brackets carry stub shafts II5, on which are rotatably mounted rollers II9. These rollers II9 rest on the areaately shaped rear wall sheet 99 to carry the rear a hub WI integrally formed centrally thereof.

end of floor member I II. A transverse sealing member III is provided having depending guides joumaled on the'coaxial shafts II5. These guides extend on opposite sides of the shaft H and engage the sheet 96 at either of the ends thereof v scrape any material clinging to the sheet 96.

The rear wall 93 is movable into the dotted line position shown in Fig. 3, in which position the floor member III is moved about the shaft II2 Into a substantially vertical position to expel any dirt within the scraping body. It should be noted that movement of wall member 93 and floor member III from their full line positions to their dotted line positions causes more or less of a rolling motion to be imparted to the dirt during the expellingoperation instead of a pure bodily movement thereof thus permitting the dirt to be moved with much less force than would otherwise be required. This action, as well as movement of the crowder member 66, is accomplished by a pair of cables H8 and I I9 actuated by a differential drum I20. 7

As shown inFigs. 1, 2, and 11, one end of the cable I I8 is secured at the rear end of the scraper body on a safety anchor generally indicated at I2I and is layed around a comer guide I22 and over the tubular projection 91 carrying the pulley 99. Cable II8 thence passes around a pulley I23. rotatably supported at the upper end of the arm 'lfiaround pulley 99, over pulleys I29 and I25, rotatably mounted on the upper side beam is, and thence passes through an aperture I25 in side beam I3 and is wrapped around a small diameter section I21 (Fig. 3) of drum member I20, the end thereof being suitably anchored to section I21- One end of the other cable H9 is also secured at the rear end of the scraper body to the safety anchor I 2|. Cable II9 thence passes over the projection 98, carrying the pulley I00, and around a plurality of pulleys I23, I24, and I25 (Fig. 3), identical in position and size with the pulleys I23, I24, and I25. The other .end of cable II 9 is wrapped around and anchored to a second small diameter section I29 of drum member I20. Member I20 is journaled at the top and bottom thereof in bearings provided in beams I30 and I 3| extending across and secured to the longitudinally extending beams I2 and I3. A driving cable I32 is wrapped around and amchored to a large diameter section I33 of drum I20 and passes over a pulley I34 rotatably mounted on a bracket carried by the side beam I3 and thence under a second pulley I35 rotatably mounted in the slot 30' extending through the post 30. Cable I32 is preferably actuated by a suitable winch carried on the tractor and under the control of the tractor operator.

Referring to Fig. 4 a pair of rollers I36 and I3? carried on arms I38 and I39, respectively, are provided to maintainthe cables I I 8 and H9 on their respective sections of the drum I20. Both arms are pivoted at I99. This arrangement is similar in construction to the arrangement shown in Fig. 12, the rollers I36 and I37 being resiliently urged against the cables H8 and H9 by springs I40 and Ill, respectively.

Referring now to Figs. 11 and 13 the safety anchor I2I comprises a vertical plate I43 having H8 at opposite ends thereof; Guides H8 are n Hub M9 is rotatably fitted over a bearing stud I45 extending outwardly from the rear wall assembly 94. The cable H3 extends over the hub I44 on one side of plate I43 and wraps around a wedge M6. Wedge I46 is wedged between a pair of converging lugs or bosses I91 which are integrally formed on the plate I93 to lock the end of cable III! therein. The end of cable II9 extends over hub I on the opposite side of plate I43 and is locked between a pair of con verging lugs I49 provided on the opposite side of plate I43 by a wedge I49. As shown in Fig. 13, each of the upper lugs is beveled as at 209. Projections 20! and 202, integrally formed on the plate I43, engage the cables H9 and I I9, respectively.

In the event of breakage of either of the cables H9 or II9 when under tension the remaining cable will rotate the plate I43 toward that cable and cause that cable to ride over the corresponding beveled edge 200 of its set of lugs and, be-

cause of this action, withdraw the respective wedge from between the lugs, permitting that cable to be released. This feature prevents'damage to both the crowder and the ejector mechanism in the event of breakage of either cable.

For the purpose described hereinafter, I provide a dash pot arrangement generally indicated at I5I to prevent the crowder 66 from dropping abruptly when the cable I32 is released.' Dash pot I5I comprises a cylinder I52 hinged at I53 to the side beam I2. A plunger I53 (Fig. 3) movable in the cylinder I52 has-the rod thereof pivoted at I55 to a crank arm I56 suitably keyed to a stub shaft I5I journaled in bearings I 58 supported from cross beam I5 extending between the side beams I2 and I3. A second crank arm I69 is also keyed to the shaft I51 and rotatably carries a pulley I6I at the forward end thereof. Pulley I6I engages an intermediate portion of a short cable I62 secured at one end thereof to a point on the crowder 66 and at the other end thereof to rear end on a pin 201 suitably anchored to a wall section 208. A pair of lugs or bosses 209 formed on-each tooth 205rest on the upper surface of blade 2I and are secured thereto by bolts 2m, thus providing spaced supporting mean for each tooth. Teeth 250 are seen to be easily removable in the event it is desired to use only the blade 2i,

. as when particular kinds of dirt or other material are being scraped.

The operation of the scraping apparatus is as follows. While transporting the scraper body to the point where thet scraping operation is to be performed'the cable; 64 is 'drawn by the tractor winch to elevate the forward end of the 'termined by the type of dirt being scraped. At

this point, or before, the cable I32 is released allowing the compression springs 8| to force the per surfaces of the extensions M of beams I9, forward ends of links I2 (Fig. 1) against the 1D- resulting in the bar 80, also resting against the upper surface of extension 4| with the crowder 68 positioned above and forwardly of the scraping edge 2I. The scraper is then in "digging" position permitting the teeth 205 to break up the dirt and allow the same to be moved, to some extent, into the scraper body due to the forward motion of the body. As the dirt builds up on the floor III behind edge 2I it increases the resistance to rearward movement of further scraped dirt within the body and thereafter causes the scraped dirt to roll forwardly over the scraping edge 2|. When this condition is reached the crowder 68 is moved through a crowding path to urge the dirt rearwardly in the body. This is accomplished by drawing the cable I32 (and consequently the cables II 8 and H3) forwardly which, due to the locked condition of the rear wall member 33 by latch device I98, causes a rearward pull against the coaxial pulleys I23 and I23 mounted on the link 18. Since section I 33- of drum I20 is of larger diameter than sections erted on cables H8 and II 9. This action causes the links 13 to draw the respective arms 61 of the crowder 66 upwardly first into the position shown by the dot and dash lines I1I of Fig. 10. During this travel the crowder apron 68 rocks about the U-shaped bars 80 and thereafter about the cylindrical projections 68. At this point, projections 88 engage convex guiding surfaces I12 at which the respective sides I and II terminate. Further movement-of the coaxial pulleys I23, I23 by the cables H8 and H3 into the extreme rearward position as indicated by the dotted lines I13 causes the projections 68 to ride along the convex guiding surfaces I12 while the link 12 is moved about pivot pin 13. This movement causes the crowder 36 to move through an arcuate path and impart a rolling motion to the scraped dirt to move the same rearwardly in thescraper body. When the rearward position I13 of the crowding mechanism is reached the cable I32 is released permitting the spring 8| to return the same to the original digging position shown in Fig. 3. Due to the action of dash pot II, the crowder apron 63 will descend slower than link 12 thus permitting the same to first assume a position similar to the full line position of Fig. 10 before lowering. That is, the forward end of link 12 will first strike the beam extension HI and, thereafter the crowder 63 will pivot about pin 10 during its descent. Therefore,

the crowder 66 will be sure to clear any dirt in the body. As the dirt again piles up over, and in front of, the edge 2I the above cycle is again followed. It will be noted that when the crowder mechanism is in the dotted line position I13 the spring arrangement BI will be compressed a maximum amount. In this condition, the light spring 90 will be compressed until sleeve 81 engages clevis member 82 thereby allowing the full force of the heavy spring 88 to be exerted on the link 12. This insures sufllcient force to be exerted to start the crowder mechanism back toward the original digging position shown in Fig. 3. However, during the travel of the crowder member 63 from a position substantially that shown by the dot and dash lines I1I of Fig. 10 to the digging position of Fig. 3 the light spring 80 will come into effect.

the position shown by the dot and dash lines I" wherein the lower edge of the crowder 66 lies closely adjacent the scraping blade 2I, substantially preventing the dirt from falling therebetween. In this condition, the scraper is hauled to the point where the dirt is to be dumped.

When the scraper dirt is to be expelled from the scraper body the crowder mechanism is again moved rearwardly toward the dotted position I13 of Fig. 10. Thereafter the cable I32 is quickly released permitting the springs 8I to move the links 12 in a counter-clockwise direction substantially into the position shown by the full lines in Fig. 10. During this movement the dash pot I52 acts to restrain the crowder 86 a suflicient amount against downward movement or, at least, to restrain the same from dropping until the link 12 has substantially reached the position shown in Fig. 10. At this time, the tubular extensions 68 will again engage the guiding surfaces I12. Due to the vertical position of the arm 81 the pin 15, slideable along the slot 14, will ride upwardly therealong into the extreme upper position adjacent the crowder 83. Thereafter, cable I32 is again drawn causing the crowder 66 to move upwardly and engage the trip lever IIO permitting consequent unlatching of the rear wall 93 by means of the latch IOI. Further movement of the cable I32 causes the now uniatched wall 93 to pivot about the shaft 95 and move into the dotted line position I15 (Fig. 3), the floor III, of course, moving into its dumping position I13. This action causes the dirt to be expelled forwardly over the scraping edge 2I. During this forward movement of wall 93 the crowder will be held in its extreme upper position so as not to interfere with expulsion of the dirt.

After complete expulsion of the dirt from the scraper body the cable I32 is released, permit ting a tension spring I16 extending between a bracket I16 depending from floor III and a bracket I18 extending from the side II) to cause an initial movement of the floor and wall member in a clockwise direction past a certain point.

' Thereafter, these members will be moved into When the scraper body is filled and the dirt' assume "digging position (Fig. 3) is drawn intov their full line positions by the action of gravity.

It is to .be understood that. while I have herein described and illustrated a preferred form of my invention, it is not limited to the precise construction as herein described, but includes within its scope whatever changes fairly come within the spirit of the'pending claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure b Letters Patent is:

1. Scraping apparatus comprising the combination of a scraper body, a crowder for said body, a link, a pivotal connection between said link and said body, a second pivotal connection between said link and said crowder, means normally supporting said link substantially horizontally, and means for moving said link upwardiy about said first mentioned pivotal connection, said last mentioned means being adapted to move said crowder member about said second pivotal connection.

2. Scraping apparatus comprising a scraper body, a crowder, .a link pivotally connected at one end thereof to said crowder and at the other end thereof to said body, said crowder having a slot therein, a crowder moving member movable along said slot, means for operating said member to move said crowder, and means for selectively positioning said'member along said slot whereby to cause said member to follow diflerent paths of movement.

3. Scraping apparatus comprising a scraper body, a crowder for said body, a link pivotally connected at one end thereof to said body and at the other end thereof to said crowder, said link normally lying in a substantially horizontal position, a crowder moving member, a movable connection between said member and said crowder whereby the point of attachment of said member may be varied along said crowder, and means for selectively positioning said member along said crowder.

4. Scraping apparatus comprising a body, a crowder adapted to move scraped material in said body, a link, a pivotal connection between one' end of said link and said body, a second pivotal connection between the other end of said link and said crowder, means urging said link downwardly about said first mentioned pivotal connection, and means for raising said link. about said first mentioned connection when said link and said crowder are each in a substantially lowermost position, said last mentioned means being adapted to raise said crowder about said second pivotal connection when said link is in its lowermost position and said crowder is substantially above said lowermost position.

5. Scrapingv apparatus comprising a body, a crowder adapted to move scraped material in said body, a link, a pivotal connection between said link and said body, a second. pivotal connection between said link and said crowder, a crowder moving member, means forming a slideable connection between said crowder and said member, means urging said link downwardly and means for causing said crowder to move downwardly slower than said link whereby to change the position of said connection.

6. Scraping apparatus comprising the combination of a body, a crowder for said body, a link pivotally connected at one end thereof to said body and at the other end thereof to said crowder, an ejector for said body, means restraining said ejector from movement, a crowder moving member, a slideable connection between said member and said crowder whereby said member may be moved toward and away from said link, and means for shifting said member, said member being adapted to causesaid crowder to move, through a crowding path in one position of said slideable connection and adapted to cause said crowder to release said restraining means in a different position of said slidable connection.

'7. Scraping apparatus comprising the combination of a body, a crowder for said body, an

-arm on said crowder, a link, a pivotal connection between said link at one end thereof and said body, a second pivotal connection between said link at the other end thereof and said arm, a second link, a slidable connection between said second link at the one end thereof and said 'arm, a third link pivotally connected between said first mentioned link and said second link at the other end of said second link, and means for moving said third link about said first mentioned pivotal connection.

8. Scraping apparatus according to claim 7 comprising means for changing the position of said slidable connection.

9. Scraping apparatus comprising a. scraper body adapted to contain scraped material, a wall member, means pivotally supporting said wall member at one end thereof in said body, a secend wall member in said body, means pivotally supporting said second wall member at one end thereof in said body with the other end thereof overlapping the pivoted end of said first mentioned wall member and adapted to be moved lapping said wall, means for pivotally supporting the overlapped end of said wall for movement about a horizontal axis, and means for moving said wall about said last mentioned means whereby to move said floor member, said wall and said floor member'being adapted to eject said scraped material from said body.

11. In a scrapingapparatus the combination of a scraping body comprising a rear wall and a floor member, means forming a scraping edge for said body adjacent the front end of said member, means pivotally supporting said wall at the lower end thereof, means pivotally supporting said front end of said member with the rear end thereof overlapping the pivoted end of said wall and adapted to be moved upwardly thereby, and means for moving said wall about said pivoted means therefor whereby to eject scraped material from said body over said edge.

12. Scraping apparatus comprising. the combination of a scraping body, a material moving member associated with said body, means comprising a pair of cables for moving said member, means for anchoring the ends of said cables, and means for releasing the end of one of said cables when the other of said cables breaks.

13. In a scraping apparatus, the combination of a body structure, a material moving member adapted to move scraped material in said body structure, means movably supporting said material moving member in said body structure, a drum member comprising large and small diameter sections, means rotatably supporting said drum member on said body structure, a cable wrapped around said small diameter section and connected to said material moving member on one side thereof, a second cable wrapped around said small diameter section and connected to said material moving member on the opposite side thereof, a third cable wrapped around said large diameter section for rotating said drumniember, and means for releasing one of said cables on breakage of the other of said cables.

14. Scraping apparatus comprising the combination of a scraping body, a material moving member associated with said'body, a pair of .said body, a link, a pivotal connection between one end of said link and said body, a second pivotal connection between the other end of said link and said crowder, means urging said link downwardly about said first mentioned pivotal connection, and means for raising said link about said first mentioned connection for moving said crowder in a crowding path, said last mentioned means being adapted to move said;

crowder about said second pivotal connection when said link is in its lowermost position and said crowder is substantially above its lowermost position and to thereafter raise said link about said first mentioned connection whereby to cause said crowder to move in a path other than said crowding path.

l6. Scraping apparatus comprising the combination of a scraper body, a crowder for said body, a link, a pivotal connection between said link and said body, asecond pivotal connection between said link and said crowder, means for raising said link about said first mentioned pivotal connection whereby to cause said crowder to crowd said material in said body, and means for lowering said link about said first mentioned pivotal connection comprising a pair of springs, and means whereby one of said springs is rendered effective and the other of said springs is rendered ineffective during a portion of said lowering movement, and whereby said other of said springs is rendered effective during another portion of said lowering movement.

17. Scraping apparatus comprising a scraper body adapted to contain scraped material, a wall member, means pivotally supporting said wall member at one end thereof in said body, a second wall member in said body, means pivotally supporting said-second wall member at one end thereof in said body with the other end thereof overlapping the pivoted end of said first men tioned wall member and adapted to be moved thereby, means for moving said first mentioned wall member about said first mentioned pivotal means, and means on said second wall member forming a sealing edge adjacent said overlapping end thereof and substantially in contact with said first mentioned wall member.

18. Scraping apparatus comprising a scraper body adapted to contain scraped material, a wall member, means pivotally supporting said wall member at one end thereof in said body, a second wall member in said body, means pivotally supporting said second wall member at one end thereof in said body with the other end thereof overlapping the pivoted end of said first mentioned wall member and adapted to be moved thereby, means for moving said first mentioned wall member about said first mentioned pivotal means, a sealing member, means on said second wall member pivotally supporting said sealing member, and means for guiding said sealing member substantially in contact with said first mentioned wall member.

19. Scraping apparatus comprising a scraper body having a scraping blade associated therewith, a crowder device including a crowder adapted to crowd material scraped by said blade in said body, a link, a first pivotal connection between one end of said link and said body. and a second pivotal connection between the other end of said link and said crowder; and means for exerting a pull on said crowder device at one point thereof whereby to cause said second pivotal connection to lead said crowder to move the same toward said blade, and for exerting a pull on said crowder device at a second point spaced from said first mentioned point whereby to cause said crowder to lead said second pivotal connection to move said crowder away from said blade.

,20. Scraping apparatus comprising a scraper body having a scraping blade associated therewith, a crowder device including a crowder adapted to crowd material scraped by said blade in said body, a link, a-first pivotal connection between one end of said link and said body, and a second pivotal connection between the other end of said link and said crowder; guide means for guiding said crowder in a predetermined path, and means for exerting a pull on said crowder device at one point thereof whereby to cause said second pivotal connection to lead said crowder to move the same toward said blade, and for exerting a pull on said crowder device at a second point spaced from said first mentioned point whereby to cause said crowder to lead said second pivotal connection to move said crowder away from said blade.

21. An earth mover comprising a main frame supported for movement over the ground, a main bowl on said main frame, a bottom pan included 5 in and forming the bottom of said main bowl and mounted for pivotal movement to sweep through a portion of said main bowl, a pusher mounted to sweep through said portion of said main bowl, and means for interrelating the movements of said bottom pan and of said pusher.

22. An earth mover comprising a main bowl including side walls, a bottom pan forming the bottom of said bowl and movable between a portion of said side walls, a pusher closing one including side walls, overlapping pivoted members forming the bottom and the rear of said bowl mounted on and movable between said side walls, and means for moving said members in concert.

24. An earth mover comprising a main bowl including earth confining side walls, an earth confining rear wall extending between said side walls, a cutting edge extending between said side walls, an earth confining bottom pan supported on said side walls for movement about a fixed pivotal axis adjacent said cutting edge, and means for moving said bottom pan between said side walls and about said axis with a sweeping motion with respect to said rear wall.

25. An earth mover comprising a main bowl including earth confining side walls, an earth confining rear wall extending between said side walls, a cutting edge extending between said side walls, an earth confining bottom pan supported on said side walls for movement about a fixed pivotal axis adjacent said cutting edge, means for moving said bottom pan between said side walls and about said axis with a sweeping motion with respect to said rear wall, and means on said bottom pan forming a sealing edge sub-' stantially in contact with said rear wall.

GORDON E. DANIELS.