US2323120A - Alloy for grinding balls - Google Patents
Alloy for grinding balls Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2323120A US2323120A US452884A US45288442A US2323120A US 2323120 A US2323120 A US 2323120A US 452884 A US452884 A US 452884A US 45288442 A US45288442 A US 45288442A US 2323120 A US2323120 A US 2323120A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- alloy
- carbon
- chromium
- grinding
- columbium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 27
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title description 27
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 13
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 .5-3% Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001021 Ferroalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
- B02C17/18—Details
- B02C17/20—Disintegrating members
Definitions
- This invention relates to compositions of matter and more particularly to alloys and has for its object the provision of an alloy suitable for use as a wear-resistant and corrosion resistant grinding ball for grinding mills.
- Another object is to provide a hard, tough, wear and corrosion resistant grinding ball for ball mills.
- Still another object is to provide a grinding ball which is utilizable in grinding operations performed in acid and alkali mediums.
- an alloy consisting of from 20-30% chromium, from .5-5.0% columbium, from 1-3% carbon, manganese and silicon each from small fractional percentages to 3%, balance iron, is characterized by having a hardness within the range 60 to 70 Rockwell C which hardness is retained on repeated remelting and casting; and by a tough fibrous structure which is also retained on repeated remelting and casting, and by excellent free flowing characteristics which adapt the same for chill casting in a split mold in the form of balls; and that the alloy due to its high chromium content is particularly resistant to erosion and corrosion when employed in the form of such cast balls as the grinding instrument in ball mills even in relatively strong acid and alkali solutions.
- the preferred alloy composition consists of chromium 25%, columbium 2.5%, carbon 2.5%, manganese and silicon each 1%, balance iron.
- the hardness of this alloy approximates 65 Rockwell C. Where higher wear resistance is desired the chromium content of this alloy may be increasedto 30% at the expense of the iron balance and where higher hardness together with higher wear-resistance is desired the Cb and C content of the alloy may each be increased to 3%.
- Cb and C! content of approximately equal percentages to maintain the Cb content of the alloy in the form of metal carbide during remelting and casting.
- the alloy of the present invention is readily produced by melting down the constituents, preferably as ferro alloys, in an electric arc furnace. Following fusion, the molten metal preferably should be held in the super-heated molten condition for a time interval suflicient to put all of the carbon and metal carbides into solution, following which it may be chill cast in the form of balls in the usual type of split molds heretofore employed in the art.
- the alloy should be rapidly cooled, as by quenching, in order to develop its maximum hardness.
- a grinding ball alloy said alloy consisting of chromium -30%, columbium, .5-3%, carbon 1 to 3%, manganese and silicon each in amounts ranging from small fractional percentages up to 3%, balance iron.
- a grinding ball alloy said alloy consisting of chromium columbium and carbon each 2.5%, manganese and silicon each 1%, balance iron.
- a grinding ball alloy said alloy consisting of chromium columbium and carbon each 2.5%, manganese and silicon each 1.0%, balance iron.
- a grinding ball alloy said alloy consisting of chromium 30%, columbium and carbon each 3.0%, manganese and silicon each 1.0%, balance iron.
- Grinding balls comprised of an alloy consisting of chromium 20-30%, columbium, .5-3%, carbon 1-3%, manganese and silicon each from 3%, balance iron.
- Grinding balls comprised of an alloy consisting of chromium 25%, columbium and carbon each 2.5%, manganese and silicon each 1%, balance iron.
- Grinding balls comprised of an alloy consisting of chromium 30%, columbium and carbon each 2.5%, manganese and silicon each 1%, balance iron.
- Grinding balls comprised of an alloy consisting of chromium 30%, columbium and carbon each 3%, manganese and silicon each 1%, balance II'OI'l.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
Description
Patented June 29, 1943 ALLOY FOR GRINDING BALLS Hugh S. Cooper, Cleveland, half to Frank H. Wilso No Drawing. Application Ohio, assignor of onen, Cleveland, Ohio July 30, 1942,
Serial No. 452,884
8 Claims.
This invention relates to compositions of matter and more particularly to alloys and has for its object the provision of an alloy suitable for use as a wear-resistant and corrosion resistant grinding ball for grinding mills.
Another object is to provide a hard, tough, wear and corrosion resistant grinding ball for ball mills.
Still another object is to provide a grinding ball which is utilizable in grinding operations performed in acid and alkali mediums.
Other objects will be apparent as the invention is more fully hereinafter disclosed.
This application is a continuation-in-part application of my application Serial No. 396,698, filed June 5, 1941, which application is assigned to the same assignee in the same manner as is the present application.
The above mentioned application has matured into United States Patent No. $294,834, dated September 1, 1942.
In accordance with these objects I have discovered that an alloy consisting of from 20-30% chromium, from .5-5.0% columbium, from 1-3% carbon, manganese and silicon each from small fractional percentages to 3%, balance iron, is characterized by having a hardness within the range 60 to 70 Rockwell C which hardness is retained on repeated remelting and casting; and by a tough fibrous structure which is also retained on repeated remelting and casting, and by excellent free flowing characteristics which adapt the same for chill casting in a split mold in the form of balls; and that the alloy due to its high chromium content is particularly resistant to erosion and corrosion when employed in the form of such cast balls as the grinding instrument in ball mills even in relatively strong acid and alkali solutions.
The preferred alloy composition consists of chromium 25%, columbium 2.5%, carbon 2.5%, manganese and silicon each 1%, balance iron. The hardness of this alloy approximates 65 Rockwell C. Where higher wear resistance is desired the chromium content of this alloy may be increasedto 30% at the expense of the iron balance and where higher hardness together with higher wear-resistance is desired the Cb and C content of the alloy may each be increased to 3%.
It is not generally necessary to increase the Mn and Si content of the alloy above 1% except where it is desired to provide high stability against oxidation on remelting. One percent of each of these metals appear adequate to provide adequate fluidity on melting and casting.
It is preferred to employ a Cb and C! content of approximately equal percentages to maintain the Cb content of the alloy in the form of metal carbide during remelting and casting. Carbon in excess of the amount of carbon bound by the small fractional percentages to Oh serving to lower the melting point of the ironchromium alloy and to harden the same on chill casting.
The alloy of the present invention is readily produced by melting down the constituents, preferably as ferro alloys, in an electric arc furnace. Following fusion, the molten metal preferably should be held in the super-heated molten condition for a time interval suflicient to put all of the carbon and metal carbides into solution, following which it may be chill cast in the form of balls in the usual type of split molds heretofore employed in the art.
Following casting, the alloy should be rapidly cooled, as by quenching, in order to develop its maximum hardness.
Having hereinabove described the invention generically and specifically it is believed apparent that the same may be widely varied without essential departure therefrom and all modifications and adaptations of the invention are contemplated as may fall within the scope of the following claims.
What I claim is:
1. A grinding ball alloy, said alloy consisting of chromium -30%, columbium, .5-3%, carbon 1 to 3%, manganese and silicon each in amounts ranging from small fractional percentages up to 3%, balance iron.
2. A grinding ball alloy, said alloy consisting of chromium columbium and carbon each 2.5%, manganese and silicon each 1%, balance iron.
3. A grinding ball alloy, said alloy consisting of chromium columbium and carbon each 2.5%, manganese and silicon each 1.0%, balance iron.
4. A grinding ball alloy, said alloy consisting of chromium 30%, columbium and carbon each 3.0%, manganese and silicon each 1.0%, balance iron.
5. Grinding balls comprised of an alloy consisting of chromium 20-30%, columbium, .5-3%, carbon 1-3%, manganese and silicon each from 3%, balance iron.
6. Grinding balls comprised of an alloy consisting of chromium 25%, columbium and carbon each 2.5%, manganese and silicon each 1%, balance iron.
7. Grinding balls comprised of an alloy consisting of chromium 30%, columbium and carbon each 2.5%, manganese and silicon each 1%, balance iron.
8. Grinding balls comprised of an alloy consisting of chromium 30%, columbium and carbon each 3%, manganese and silicon each 1%, balance II'OI'l.
HUGH S. COOPER.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US452884A US2323120A (en) | 1942-07-30 | 1942-07-30 | Alloy for grinding balls |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US452884A US2323120A (en) | 1942-07-30 | 1942-07-30 | Alloy for grinding balls |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2323120A true US2323120A (en) | 1943-06-29 |
Family
ID=23798344
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US452884A Expired - Lifetime US2323120A (en) | 1942-07-30 | 1942-07-30 | Alloy for grinding balls |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2323120A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2462122A (en) * | 1944-05-02 | 1949-02-22 | Stearns Roger Mfg Company | Method of casting, forging, and heat-treating cast iron grinding balls |
| US3170641A (en) * | 1961-10-16 | 1965-02-23 | Armco Steel Corp | Treated grinding rods |
| US4929288A (en) * | 1988-01-04 | 1990-05-29 | Borges Robert J | Corrosion and abrasion resistant alloy |
-
1942
- 1942-07-30 US US452884A patent/US2323120A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2462122A (en) * | 1944-05-02 | 1949-02-22 | Stearns Roger Mfg Company | Method of casting, forging, and heat-treating cast iron grinding balls |
| US3170641A (en) * | 1961-10-16 | 1965-02-23 | Armco Steel Corp | Treated grinding rods |
| US4929288A (en) * | 1988-01-04 | 1990-05-29 | Borges Robert J | Corrosion and abrasion resistant alloy |
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