US2320047A - Method of desulphurizing oils - Google Patents

Description

Patented Ma 25, 1943 METHOD OF DESULPHURIZING OILS I Edwin M; Nygaard and Orland M. Rein, Woodbury, N. J., assignors to Socony-Vaeunm Oil Companmlncorporated, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York No Drawing. Application-February 24, 1941,

. Serial No. 380,316

2 Claims.

This invention has to do with the chemical refining of petroleum oil fractions, particularly those light oils such as gasoline and naphthav fractions, containing mercaptans, gum forming materials, and other deleterious compounds.

This invention has for its object the utilization in such processes of novel reagents of a class not heretofore used for such purposes.

It is based on the discovery that effective use may be made of compounds of the general type,

Waxewhere I denotes a monoor polycyclic aryl nucleus, where wax" denotesa heavy alkyl substituent, having 20 or more carbon atoms, such as may be derived from paraflin wax, and n is the number of such substituents, where M is 'a metal, and Z represents either a'direct bonding of the metal to the their preparation are there given in detail. In

general, the method of preparation may be described as that of conducting a Friedel-Crafts type of reaction to obtain the wax-substitution.

as to obtain a tetra-wax phenate, after the methd discussed in U. S. Patent 2,191,499 to O. M. Reiff, and then bringing about the replacement of the hydroxyl hydrogen by the desired metal.

These compounds are oil soluble and relatively non-volatile at the distillation temperatures of gasoline and similar light petroleum fractions.

leaving reagent and reaction products behind.'

In the usual case, when sour distillate has been so treated, the distillate needs further sweeten ing, as by the usual doctor treatment. However, it will be plain from the experimental evidence set forth below that the process disclosed herein has a desirable refining capability.

In the following example, two sets of data are given, in each of 'which a cracked gasoline was first heated, under refluxing conditions, with about two percent of its weight of wax substituted aluminum phenate for a period of three hours,

after which the gasoline was distilled from the reaction mixture and'doctor treated. The tabular data compares the result with the result of conventional doctor treatment of .the cracked gasoline.

Example I Treatment with Treatment with- I phenate out phemm 120 103 171 157 261 258 '7 (97 57) 221 98 370 a) 57. 0 57.8 2 5 Total sulphur. 0. 025 0. 030

Octane No. (clear) 62. 0 62.0 Octane No. plus 1 cc of TEL/gal. 72. 2 71.7

Example II a 7 Treatment with Treatment withphenate out phenate Distillation:

I. B. P 118 108 $211111:IIIIIIIIIIZIIIII s 352 E. P (98%) 392 (97.5%) 390 Gravity, A. P. I- 55.2 Total sulphur 0.175 0.199 Copper dish gum 47; 38 236; 260

40 It will be seen that the treatment described effected improvements of commercial significance in the gasoline treated, in that sulphur and gum forming tendencies were markedly reduced, without at the same time decreasing the susceptibility of the gasoline to increase of octane number by the addition of like amounts oftetra-ethyl lead.

We claim: 1. That method of removing sulphur from gasoline comprising reacting the sulphur compounds therein with a wax substituted-metal phenate and separating out the resulting reaction products.

2. That method of removing sulphur from gasoline comprising reacting the sulphur compounds therein with a wax substituted metal phenate selected from the group consisting of copper. lead, iron, and aluminum phenates and separating out the resulting reaction products. EDWIN M. NYGAARD. ORLAND M. am.