US2311138A - Conductor - Google Patents

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Publication number
US2311138A
US2311138A US262070A US26207039A US2311138A US 2311138 A US2311138 A US 2311138A US 262070 A US262070 A US 262070A US 26207039 A US26207039 A US 26207039A US 2311138 A US2311138 A US 2311138A
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Prior art keywords
conductor
strip
steel
metal
layer
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US262070A
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Carl E Swartz
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Cleveland Graphite Bronze Co
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Cleveland Graphite Bronze Co
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B5/00Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B5/06Single tubes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12736Al-base component
    • Y10T428/1275Next to Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12757Fe
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12903Cu-base component
    • Y10T428/12917Next to Fe-base component
    • Y10T428/12924Fe-base has 0.01-1.7% carbon [i.e., steel]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12951Fe-base component
    • Y10T428/12972Containing 0.01-1.7% carbon [i.e., steel]

Definitions

  • my invention consists of a composite strip of two metals integrally bonded together into a strip formed into a suitable crosssectional shape and one in which the inner metal is of relatively strong material such as a ferrous metal or alloy and the outer metal is of relatively high conductivity metal such as copper or aluminum.
  • Fig. 1 is a transverse section through one form of my improved conductor
  • Fig. 7 is a view in perspective of another form of my conductor.
  • Fig. 8 is a view'similar to Fig. 1, but showing the edges of the formed conductor welded to each other.
  • the outer surface of the conductor carries the larger portion of the energy and the inner portion is effective mainly in its ability to reinforce, strengthen and support the outer current carrying layer.
  • Many designs of conductors have been devised to take advantage of these conditions, among which the more common and commercially used are steel cored solid wire cable having a copper or aluminum outer layer and steel cored stranded copper or aluminum cable.
  • Another type of conductor consists of a hollow copper tube in which relatively flat segments are engaged along their edges with others to form a hollow cylindrical section and the strips maintained in this relation by tongue and groove projections on the edges of the individual strips or segments.
  • This type of conductor has the advantages of low corona discharge because of the large radius of the outer surface and the smooth the electrical load combined into a single element in which the two metals are substantially uniformly and integrally bonded together all over their adjacent surfaces and one in which the metal of high conductivity has its thickness limited to that which really serves to carry the alternating current transmitted therethrough.
  • Figs. 1, 2 and 3 I have shown three forms out of many which my improved conductor may assume.
  • Fig. 1 I have shown an open cylindrical conductor which consists of an inner shell 2 of steel and an outer shell 3 oi copper.
  • the conductor shown in this figure is an open cylinder having its adjacent edges slightly spaced from each other.
  • Fig. 2 I have shown a similar conductor also formed of an inner stee1 layer and an outer copper layer 3 formedin the shape of a substantial square and also having its edges slightly spaced from each other.
  • Fig. 3 the form of the conductor is shown as being roughly diamond shaped with the open edges at one of the corners of the diamond and it will be understood that the conductor may take various other forms as may be desired.
  • the thickness of the inner supporting layer of steel and of'the outer carrying layer or copper will obviously depend upon the physical strains which will be imposed upon the conductor in one case and the magnitude of the electric current which is to be transmitted in the other.
  • the thickness of the inner steel layer will range from 40 to of inch and the thickness of the copper layer from about 25 to 50% of the thickness .of the steel layer. -These proportions will be maintained regardless of the shapeof the con-1 ductor.
  • the composite strip may be formed in the first instance by the method described in the co-pending application of George Edwards, Serial No.
  • Fig. 8 for example, I have shown the edges of the conductor of Fig. 1 welded to each other to form a closed tubular conductor.
  • Fig. 71 have shown a conductor consisting of a spirally wound bimetallic stripv of the character already described formed into a substantialiy cylindrical element.
  • This spiral strip may have the adjacent edges either continuously or intermittently joined and the width of the strip should be relatively high in proportion to the diameter of the strip to provide strength and rue composite strip when first formed is coiled into a coil i0 having a length of several hundred or even several thousand feet.
  • This coil may .then be mounted on a suitable shaft ii and the strip slowly unwound and drawn between rollers" 12 and i3 and thereby passed through a die M which may be of any desired interior shape to I form the flat strip into the desired hollow cross sectional shape, either of the type illustrated in Figs. l, 2 and 3 or some'other form.
  • This apparatus which is commonly employed in-the sh p to'form open or channel like tubing of various cross sections is inexpensive, rapid in operation 7 and entirely standard in construction. It lends.
  • a further advantage of the present conductor a is that it can be manufactured 'in a relatively flexible condition, in which condition the comtofu place ofuse. Afterbeinz formedinthe shown mm 4, Sand 6 into a hollow lindrical squareor other shaped tube, it
  • the present invention provides a conductor in alternating currents which is very much less expensive in its construction and much-more economical in the' use of the more expensive metals contained therein than that of the conductor now employed in transmission lines;
  • a tubular conductor having a high capacity v for carrying alternating currents comprising a strip of steel and a strip of metal of substantial thickness and of relatively high conductivity superimposed directly thereon against one side thereof and substantially integrally and uniformly bonded directly thereto all over their contacting surfaces, saidhigh conductivity metal lying on the outer surface of the tubular conduc- Q tor and havinga dense compacted structure and smooth outer surface, resulting in a higher current carrying capacity.
  • a conductor having a capacity for carrying alternating currents comprising abi-' .metallic tubular member of substantially-square crosssection having its edges closely adjacent but spaced from each other and having an inner layer offsteeland an outer l yet of compacted pper,,resulting in higher current carrying cacitys 3.
  • a conductor having a high capacity lion carrying alternating currents comprising a bimetallic tubular member of substantially cylindrical cross-section having its-edges united to each other and having an inner layer of steel and an outer layer of compacted coppe result-f,
  • a'ccmposite having a high capacity for alternating currents comprising a'ccmposite; strip formed into a curved section, said strip consisting of a. layer of metal of substantial tensile strength on its inner surface, the two layers being substantially uniformly and directly conductor either continuously or intersmooth outer surface, resulting in a higher current carrying capacity.
  • a conductor having-a high capacity for carrying alternating currents comprising a com-- posite strip of steel and a strip of compacted aluminum superimposed thereon against one side thereof and substantially integrally and uniform- 1y bonded thereto all over their contacting surfaces.
  • a conductor having a high capacity for carrying alternating currents comprising a bimetallic tubular member consisting of a bimetallic strip formed into a spiral tube-like coil with the adjacent edges of the strip joined to each other, one of the metals of said bimetallic strip being a compacted metal of high conductivity and forming the outer surface of the conductor.
  • a bimetallic tubular conductor having a high capacity for carrying alternating current which comprises providing a strip consisting of a layer of steel, applying a layer of substantial thickness of a metal of high conductivity to said steel strip and integrally and uniformly bonding said applied metal to said steel strip all over their contacting surfaces, compacting said high conductivity metal to provide a dense structure and a smooth outer surface, and forming said strip into a tubular member of which said high conductivity metal forms the outer surface of the tubular conductor.
  • a bimetallic tubular conductor having a high capacityefor carrying alternating current which comprises providing ,a strip consisting of alayer of steel, applying a layer of copper of substantial thickness to said steel strip and bonding said copper layer to said steel strip integrally and uniformly all over their contacting surfaces, compacting the copper layer said high conductivity metal forms the to provide a dense structure and a smooth outer surface, and forming said strip into a tubular member of which said copper forms the outer surface of the tubular conductor.
  • a bimetallic tubular conductor having a high capacity for carrying alternating current which comprises providing a bimetallic strip consisting of a layer of steel and a layer of compacted aluminum of substantial thickness, said layers being integrally and uniformly bonded together all over their contacting surfaces, and forming said strip into a tubular member of which said aluminum forms the outer surface.
  • the method of making a bimetallic tubular conductor having a high capacity for carrying alternating current which comprises pouring molten metal having a high conductivity onto a moving backing strip of steel, thereby integrally and uniformly bonding said metal and strip together all over their contacting surfaces, rolling or compacting said high conductivity metal to density the structure thereof as well as to produce a smooth outer surface thereof, and forming said strip into a tubular member of which outer periphery of the tubular conductor.
  • the method of making a bimetallic tubular conductor having a high capacity for carrying alternating current which comprises pouring molten copper onto a moving backing strip of steel, thereby integrally and uniformly bonding the copper and steel together all over their contacting surfaces, rolling or compacting the coppet to densify the structure thereof as well as to produce a smooth surface thereon, and forming V said strip into a tubular member of which the copper forms the outer periphery of the tubular conductor.

Description

Feb. 16, 1943. c. E. SWARTZ CONDUCTOR Filed March 15, 1939 an" IIII'IIIII'II Fig.5
. INVENTOR. CARL E. 5 WARTZ ATTORNEY.
Fig.4
Patented Feb. 16, 1943 2,311,138 .con uqroa Carl E. Swartz, Cleveland, Ohio, assignmto The Cleveland Graphite Bronze Company, Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application March 15, 1939, Serial No. 262,070
12 Claims. The present invention relating, as indicated,
to conductors is more particularly directed to a hollow tube or conductor for the transmission of alternating electrical currents in which the conductor is characterized by a comparatively lower cost of production, greater convenience and economy in shipment from factory to installation point, greater strength, lower corona discharge and high capacity for carrying alternating current. Briefly stated, my invention consists of a composite strip of two metals integrally bonded together into a strip formed into a suitable crosssectional shape and one in which the inner metal is of relatively strong material such as a ferrous metal or alloy and the outer metal is of relatively high conductivity metal such as copper or aluminum.
To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, said invention then consists of the means hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims, the annexed drawing and the following description setting forth in detail a certain structure embodying the invention, such disclosed means constituting, however, but one of various-structural forms in which the principle of the invention may be used.
In said annexed drawing: Fig. 1 is a transverse section through one form of my improved conductor;
Fig. 7 is a view in perspective of another form of my conductor; and
Fig. 8 is a view'similar to Fig. 1, but showing the edges of the formed conductor welded to each other.
In the transmission of alternating currents. it
has long been known that in conductors used for this purpose, the outer surface of the conductor carries the larger portion of the energy and the inner portion is effective mainly in its ability to reinforce, strengthen and support the outer current carrying layer. Many designs of conductors have been devised to take advantage of these conditions, among which the more common and commercially used are steel cored solid wire cable having a copper or aluminum outer layer and steel cored stranded copper or aluminum cable. Another type of conductor consists of a hollow copper tube in which relatively flat segments are engaged along their edges with others to form a hollow cylindrical section and the strips maintained in this relation by tongue and groove projections on the edges of the individual strips or segments. This type of conductor has the advantages of low corona discharge because of the large radius of the outer surface and the smooth the electrical load combined into a single element in which the two metals are substantially uniformly and integrally bonded together all over their adjacent surfaces and one in which the metal of high conductivity has its thickness limited to that which really serves to carry the alternating current transmitted therethrough.
Referring to Figs. 1, 2 and 3, I have shown three forms out of many which my improved conductor may assume. In Fig. 1 I have shown an open cylindrical conductor which consists of an inner shell 2 of steel and an outer shell 3 oi copper. The conductor shown in this figure is an open cylinder having its adjacent edges slightly spaced from each other. In Fig. 2 I have shown a similar conductor also formed of an inner stee1 layer and an outer copper layer 3 formedin the shape of a substantial square and also having its edges slightly spaced from each other. In Fig. 3 the form of the conductor is shown as being roughly diamond shaped with the open edges at one of the corners of the diamond and it will be understood that the conductor may take various other forms as may be desired.
The thickness of the inner supporting layer of steel and of'the outer carrying layer or copper will obviously depend upon the physical strains which will be imposed upon the conductor in one case and the magnitude of the electric current which is to be transmitted in the other. In a conductor of approximately two inch diameter, the thickness of the inner steel layer will range from 40 to of inch and the thickness of the copper layer from about 25 to 50% of the thickness .of the steel layer. -These proportions will be maintained regardless of the shapeof the con-1 ductor. The composite strip may be formed in the first instance by the method described in the co-pending application of George Edwards, Serial No. 246,127, now Patent 2,203,679 dated June 11, 1940, in which there is described a process of applying a molten layer of a metal of lower melting point than steel to a strip of metal such'as steel which serves as a-backing and reinforcing element for the copper or metal of lower melting One of the advantages of the present conductor is that it may beformed from the flat cornposite strip intqthe desired cross sectional shape economically and rapidly either in the factory or in the held in the following manner:
present mittently and this may be done in any of the various forms of conductors herein shown. 'In
Fig. 8, for example, I have shown the edges of the conductor of Fig. 1 welded to each other to form a closed tubular conductor.
In Fig. 71 have shown a conductor consisting of a spirally wound bimetallic stripv of the character already described formed into a substantialiy cylindrical element. This spiral strip may have the adjacent edges either continuously or intermittently joined and the width of the strip should be relatively high in proportion to the diameter of the strip to provide strength and rue composite strip when first formed is coiled into a coil i0 having a length of several hundred or even several thousand feet. This coil may .then be mounted on a suitable shaft ii and the strip slowly unwound and drawn between rollers" 12 and i3 and thereby passed through a die M which may be of any desired interior shape to I form the flat strip into the desired hollow cross sectional shape, either of the type illustrated in Figs. l, 2 and 3 or some'other form. This apparatus which is commonly employed in-the sh p to'form open or channel like tubing of various cross sections is inexpensive, rapid in operation 7 and entirely standard in construction. It lends.
itself readily to being mounted upon a truck or other movable platform which can be taken into the field where the composite strip can be formed intothedesired cross sectional shape as it is its current carrying-capacity and also to produce an extremely smooth outer surface on the .comv polite tube. By reason of the tubular form of the conductor,
the-strength of the steel core will prevent collapse. Fiexibilityof the entire element also strength and characteristics. of
secured rrom the 1 thesteel inner core.
a further advantage of the present conductor a is that it can be manufactured 'in a relatively flexible condition, in which condition the comtofu place ofuse. Afterbeinz formedinthe shown mm 4, Sand 6 into a hollow lindrical squareor other shaped tube, it
the usualloads and toresist the torsional forcesresultingfromwindandrainwhichhave been known to give some trouble vwith present v o! bedesirabletounitetheadiacenteglgesofthe tormed tubular which conductors. l'brsomepurposesitmayresistance to deformation sufficient to maintain the strip in the form shown.
The present invention provides a conductor in alternating currents which is very much less expensive in its construction and much-more economical in the' use of the more expensive metals contained therein than that of the conductor now employed in transmission lines;
Other modes of applying the principle of my invention may be employed instead of the one explained, change being made as regards the structure herein disclosed, provided the means stated by any of the following claims or the equivalent of such stated means be employed. I therefore particularly point out claim as my invention:
and distinctly 1. A tubular conductor having a high capacity v for carrying alternating currents comprising a strip of steel and a strip of metal of substantial thickness and of relatively high conductivity superimposed directly thereon against one side thereof and substantially integrally and uniformly bonded directly thereto all over their contacting surfaces, saidhigh conductivity metal lying on the outer surface of the tubular conduc- Q tor and havinga dense compacted structure and smooth outer surface, resulting in a higher current carrying capacity.
2. A conductor having a capacity for carrying alternating currents comprising abi-' .metallic tubular member of substantially-square crosssection having its edges closely adjacent but spaced from each other and having an inner layer offsteeland an outer l yet of compacted pper,,resulting in higher current carrying cacitys 3. A conductor having a high capacity lion carrying alternating currents comprising a bimetallic tubular member of substantially cylindrical cross-section having its-edges united to each other and having an inner layer of steel and an outer layer of compacted coppe result-f,
wing in higher current carrying capacity. 5 I high capacity for' 41A conductor having a carrying alternating currents. comprising a bistrip canbe coiled readily and transported becomes-very much more rigid while A asufilcient flexibilityto permit. it to be hnmbetween the usual supp'ortsandto and of relatively high conductivity on its outer surface and a layer of metal of high mumtes' die-rs metallic tubular member consisting of a bime-r tallic strip formed intoa spiral tube-like coil, one of the metals of said bimetallic strip being a compacted metal of high conductivity and forming the outer surface of the conductor, said compacted metalresulting in a higher current carry n capa ty- 5. A conductor. having a high capacity for alternating currents comprising a'ccmposite; strip formed into a curved section, said strip consisting of a. layer of metal of substantial tensile strength on its inner surface, the two layers being substantially uniformly and directly conductor either continuously or intersmooth outer surface, resulting in a higher current carrying capacity.
6. A conductor having-a high capacity for carrying alternating currents comprising a com-- posite strip of steel and a strip of compacted aluminum superimposed thereon against one side thereof and substantially integrally and uniform- 1y bonded thereto all over their contacting surfaces.
7. A conductor having a high capacity for carrying alternating currents comprising a bimetallic tubular member consisting of a bimetallic strip formed into a spiral tube-like coil with the adjacent edges of the strip joined to each other, one of the metals of said bimetallic strip being a compacted metal of high conductivity and forming the outer surface of the conductor.
8. The method of making a bimetallic tubular conductor having a high capacity for carrying alternating current which comprises providing a strip consisting of a layer of steel, applying a layer of substantial thickness of a metal of high conductivity to said steel strip and integrally and uniformly bonding said applied metal to said steel strip all over their contacting surfaces, compacting said high conductivity metal to provide a dense structure and a smooth outer surface, and forming said strip into a tubular member of which said high conductivity metal forms the outer surface of the tubular conductor.
9. The method of making a bimetallic tubular conductor having a high capacityefor carrying alternating current which comprises providing ,a strip consisting of alayer of steel, applying a layer of copper of substantial thickness to said steel strip and bonding said copper layer to said steel strip integrally and uniformly all over their contacting surfaces, compacting the copper layer said high conductivity metal forms the to provide a dense structure and a smooth outer surface, and forming said strip into a tubular member of which said copper forms the outer surface of the tubular conductor.
10. The method of making a bimetallic tubular conductor having a high capacity for carrying alternating current which comprises providing a bimetallic strip consisting of a layer of steel and a layer of compacted aluminum of substantial thickness, said layers being integrally and uniformly bonded together all over their contacting surfaces, and forming said strip into a tubular member of which said aluminum forms the outer surface.
11. The method of making a bimetallic tubular conductor having a high capacity for carrying alternating current which comprises pouring molten metal having a high conductivity onto a moving backing strip of steel, thereby integrally and uniformly bonding said metal and strip together all over their contacting surfaces, rolling or compacting said high conductivity metal to density the structure thereof as well as to produce a smooth outer surface thereof, and forming said strip into a tubular member of which outer periphery of the tubular conductor.
12. The method of making a bimetallic tubular conductor having a high capacity for carrying alternating current which comprises pouring molten copper onto a moving backing strip of steel, thereby integrally and uniformly bonding the copper and steel together all over their contacting surfaces, rolling or compacting the coppet to densify the structure thereof as well as to produce a smooth surface thereon, and forming V said strip into a tubular member of which the copper forms the outer periphery of the tubular conductor. 1
CARL a. SWARTZ.
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Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2742687A (en) * 1952-04-03 1956-04-24 Waldemar P Ruemmler Low tin content, durable, tinned copper conductor
US2824640A (en) * 1952-09-27 1958-02-25 Porta Paolo Della Getter containers and a method of manufacturing such containers
US3249704A (en) * 1963-06-18 1966-05-03 Insul 8 Corp Electrical conductor bar for trolley electrification systems
US3292662A (en) * 1963-02-04 1966-12-20 Nishi Sunao Lance pipe for the injected oxygen in steel making
US3452433A (en) * 1963-06-18 1969-07-01 Insul 8 Corp Method of manufacturing electrical conductor bars for trolley electrification systems
US3511283A (en) * 1966-08-26 1970-05-12 Samuel J Iannone Copper-coated stainless steel tube
US3510938A (en) * 1968-06-03 1970-05-12 Gen Electric Method of making induction heater ring
US3621883A (en) * 1969-11-24 1971-11-23 Texas Instruments Inc Transitional connector
US3735478A (en) * 1971-01-06 1973-05-29 Foster Co Methods for making bi-metallic pipe
US3746050A (en) * 1969-09-03 1973-07-17 Mannesmann Roehren Werke Ag Multi-layer pipe
US3990478A (en) * 1974-11-20 1976-11-09 Inland Steel Company Combined strengthening and corrosion protection of pipelines
US3997755A (en) * 1974-04-09 1976-12-14 "OGIPSA" Oleoductos, Gaseoductos e Instalaciones Petroliferas, S.A. Electrode specially for welding studs in heat exchanger tubes
US4192479A (en) * 1976-09-07 1980-03-11 Friebe Herbert Mine prop construction
US5297587A (en) * 1990-05-18 1994-03-29 Itt Corporation Sealed double wall steel tubing having steel outer surface
US5845837A (en) * 1995-12-28 1998-12-08 Itt Automotive, Inc. Polymer-based material for carbon deposition during brazing operations
US6659137B2 (en) * 2000-06-14 2003-12-09 Suncall Corporation Two-layer clad pipe
US20100012217A1 (en) * 2006-08-01 2010-01-21 Afl Telecommunications Llc Embedded metallic tubes with compression fit and method for manufacturing the same
US20100065141A1 (en) * 2006-09-19 2010-03-18 Waters Technologies Corporation Tubing and method for manufacture
US20140020785A1 (en) * 2011-04-05 2014-01-23 Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies, Germany Gmbh Exhaust conducting device and method for producing same
CN104625458A (en) * 2013-11-08 2015-05-20 财团法人金属工业研究发展中心 Metal connector and manufacturing method thereof

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2742687A (en) * 1952-04-03 1956-04-24 Waldemar P Ruemmler Low tin content, durable, tinned copper conductor
US2824640A (en) * 1952-09-27 1958-02-25 Porta Paolo Della Getter containers and a method of manufacturing such containers
US3292662A (en) * 1963-02-04 1966-12-20 Nishi Sunao Lance pipe for the injected oxygen in steel making
US3249704A (en) * 1963-06-18 1966-05-03 Insul 8 Corp Electrical conductor bar for trolley electrification systems
US3452433A (en) * 1963-06-18 1969-07-01 Insul 8 Corp Method of manufacturing electrical conductor bars for trolley electrification systems
US3511283A (en) * 1966-08-26 1970-05-12 Samuel J Iannone Copper-coated stainless steel tube
US3510938A (en) * 1968-06-03 1970-05-12 Gen Electric Method of making induction heater ring
US3746050A (en) * 1969-09-03 1973-07-17 Mannesmann Roehren Werke Ag Multi-layer pipe
US3621883A (en) * 1969-11-24 1971-11-23 Texas Instruments Inc Transitional connector
US3735478A (en) * 1971-01-06 1973-05-29 Foster Co Methods for making bi-metallic pipe
US3997755A (en) * 1974-04-09 1976-12-14 "OGIPSA" Oleoductos, Gaseoductos e Instalaciones Petroliferas, S.A. Electrode specially for welding studs in heat exchanger tubes
US3990478A (en) * 1974-11-20 1976-11-09 Inland Steel Company Combined strengthening and corrosion protection of pipelines
US4192479A (en) * 1976-09-07 1980-03-11 Friebe Herbert Mine prop construction
US5297587A (en) * 1990-05-18 1994-03-29 Itt Corporation Sealed double wall steel tubing having steel outer surface
US5845837A (en) * 1995-12-28 1998-12-08 Itt Automotive, Inc. Polymer-based material for carbon deposition during brazing operations
US6659137B2 (en) * 2000-06-14 2003-12-09 Suncall Corporation Two-layer clad pipe
US20100012217A1 (en) * 2006-08-01 2010-01-21 Afl Telecommunications Llc Embedded metallic tubes with compression fit and method for manufacturing the same
US8640740B2 (en) * 2006-08-01 2014-02-04 Afl Telecommunications Llc Embedded metallic tubes with compression fit and method for manufacturing the same
US20100065141A1 (en) * 2006-09-19 2010-03-18 Waters Technologies Corporation Tubing and method for manufacture
US8616244B2 (en) * 2006-09-19 2013-12-31 Waters Technologies Corporation Tubing and method for manufacture
US20140000722A1 (en) * 2006-09-19 2014-01-02 Water Technologies Corporation Tubing and Method for Manufacture
US20140020785A1 (en) * 2011-04-05 2014-01-23 Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies, Germany Gmbh Exhaust conducting device and method for producing same
CN104625458A (en) * 2013-11-08 2015-05-20 财团法人金属工业研究发展中心 Metal connector and manufacturing method thereof
CN104625458B (en) * 2013-11-08 2017-03-15 财团法人金属工业研究发展中心 Metal joint and its manufacture method

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