US2304442A - Relay commutator - Google Patents

Description

`6 Sheets-Shea? 1 INVENTOR y J/WE /V RYCE BY f.

3. ZU. fnl/uga ATTORNEY Dec. 8, 1942. J. w. BRYCE RELAY COMMUTATOR Filed Nov. 16, 1938 6 Sheets-5heet 2 QM m) o ...Nm @5100) fdl v lNVLNTQH JWMES W BRVCZ? 9 w' XW@ ATTORNEY Dec. 8, 1942. 1 w BRYCE .2,304,442

RELAY COMMUTATOR Filed Nov. 16, 1938 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 FIG. 5.

HTS 2,5 INT6 CRS INVENT JAME W BRYCE ATTORNEY l C54 m5 6 m7.

Dec. 8, 1942. J. w. BRYcE RELAY COMMUTATOR 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Nov. 16, 1938 I'NVENTOR Dec. 8, 1942. J. w. BRYcE RELAY COMMUTATOR Filed Nov. 16, 193e 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 zoo- . Rf-2 Rie- INVENTOR :f/W55 VV BYCE l I I I BY a w` IMM@ ATTORNEY VrhDe. 8`T942.Y J. w. BRYcE 2,304,442

RELAY COMMUTATOR Filed Nov. 1e, 195s e sheets-sheet e nas.

NVENTOR JAMES W BRYCE BY G14/MW ATTORN EY Patented Dec. 8, 1942 UNITED STATES PATENT oEFIcE RELAYOOMDIUTATOR James W. Bryce, Glen Ridge, N. J., assignor to n International Business Machines Corporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application November 16, 1938, Serial No. 240,743

6 Claims.

This invention Lrelates to accumulating devices and, more particularly, to accumulators of the relay type which are entirely electrical in their operation.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved accumulator of the strictly electrical type which is adapted for receiving and accumulating both additive and subtractive entries at av high rate of speed.

Another object of the invention resides in the provision of an accumulator comprising av plurality of series of relays. commutating means for controlling the selective operation of the same. and circuits interconnecting the commutatore with the relays uniquely arranged with a view toward minimizing the switching circuits necessary to change the operation of the accumulator from addition to subtraction upon receiving av subtractive entry. f

Still another object is the provision of novel electrical carry means which is commonly operable for adding and subtracting operations. /`A further object is to provide a multi-denominational accumulator having a vseries of value accumulating relays and a series of value retaining relays in each order, and a novel tens carry means intermediate the orders controlled by the relative magnitudes of the value retained from a previous entry and value accumulated after a new entry.

Further objects of the instant invention reside in any novel feature of construction or operation or novel combination of parts present in the embodiment of the invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is an isometric skeleton view of an accounting machine to which the present inven-` .order named form a circuit diagram of the machine. g y

` Figure 6 shows a timing'diagram of the machine. g

For the sake of convenience, the accumulator which forms the subject matter of the present invention will be described as applied to an electrical accounting machine of the type disclosed 193i?, to Albert W. Mills. Machines of the latter class are controlled fromv record cards on which numbers may be represented by perforations differentially located to represent the various4 digits. Each column of a card ordinarily reprew sents a denominational order and, to accommodate -a decimal system of numbers, each column is therefore provided with ten item positions progressively spaced from the edge of the card to represent the ten digits. The main drive unit of the machine and the card feeding mechanism will be first explained, followed by a detailed description of the accumulator structure and operation. Because of the abbreviated nature of the disclosure of the feeding mechanism in the above mentioned patent, a more complete view of a feeding mechanism which may be used in the present machine has been taken from the U. S. Patent No. 2,042,324 issued May 26, 1936, to John Royden Peirce.

Main drive vertical shaft 10a to rotate. A group Iof parallel shafts 2B are operativelyl connected with the upright shaft 30a through bevel gears 2'4.

Thus, through this train of gearing, shafts 26 are seen to be in constant rotation so that gears 5i mounted upon these shafts will in turn keep in constant rotation the actuating elements of vthe accumulator units with which they yare related and which will be hereinafter more fully explained.

Ti'ie'shaft i1 carries, adjacent to gear il, a notched disk 28 adapted'tobe engaged by adog 2l pivotallymounted upon an arm 21 integral with a gear 3|. 'Ihe latter gear is carried by a' stub shaft 32 in axial alinement with shaft il and',

through idler gear Il, drives a gear 34 mounted An amature latch 36 pivoted on cam shaft 35. at 3l upon an arm 3l, normally holds dog 2l out of engagement with the driving disk 28 in the position shown in the drawings. A magnet PCM upon energization, draws armature latch 36 to the le'ft releasing dog 20 so that its spring 40 may bring it into engagement with driving :n the U. s. Patent No. 2.079.418 issued my 4, u aux n.

Upon deenergization of magnet PCM, armature 38 will be moved by its spring into the path of a projecting toe of dog 28 to throw the dog out of engagement with the disk 28. Arm 21 will be arrested at this time to prevent further movement of gear 3| in a clockwise direction. Any suitable rebound latch (not shown) may be used.

The shait |1 is also shown as carrying a second clutch driving disk 83 cooperating with a dog 84 mounted on an arm 85 to which is flxedly connected a gear 88 to drive the card mechanism through idler gear 81 as will be described presently. The engagement of these clutch elements is controlled by magnet CFCM and armature latch 89 in the manner described in connection with magnet PCM and its armature latch 38.

Card feeding mechanism Energization of magnet CFCM causes connection to be made between constantly running shaft |1 and a ring gear 80 through a pinion 8| and idler gear 81. The record cards C are ted singly from the supply magazine 90 by the usual card picker mechanism comprising in the present embodiment a slidably mounted reciprocal plate 93 carrying a picker knife 94 for cooperation with the record cards. The plate 93 has a pin and slot connection with an arm 95 secured to a shaft 91 which carries at its end an arm 88 connected by a link 99 to a stud |00 mounted eccentrically on a pinion 9| meshing with the ring gear 80. Each reciprocation of plate 93 and picker knife 94 causes a card to be fed from the magazine to the analyzing mechanlsm, wherein the card is presented to two sets of analyzing brushes 14 and 15 which sense the perforations thereon.

The feeding of the record cards is effected by concentrically arranged pairs of rollers 98 having driving connection to the ring gear 80 through the pinion gears 82. rihe cards pass from the last pair of rollers 98 to any suitable stacker mechanism 92, that shown being of the rotary type to the end of the shaft of which is attached a gear |02 meshing with a pinion |0I secured to the pinion |00.

'I'he usual card levers (not shown) may be positioned at the card stations to control the various functions of the machine as will be described in connection with the circuit diagram. As the leading edge of a record card reaches the upper analyzing brushes 14, the card lever at the upper station UB is operated to close contacts UCLI and to open contacts UCL2 (Fig. 5). As the card reaches lower brushes 15, a similar card lever at the lower station LB is operated to close contacts LCL. As long as successive cards are presented at the analyzing brushes the card levers are maintained in an operative position.

Accumulator In the present type of machine the passage of the card under the sensing brushes is synchronized with the balance of the mechanism to produce the proper diierential action in the accumulating device.

The accumulator structure includes the provision of rotating commutators such as the one illustrated in Figs. 2, 3 and 4. A plate 4| forms a mounting for commutator disk 42 and brush holders 50 containing brushes 43. Brackets 44 are ailixed to the plate 4| and carry an insulating block 49 in which brushes 45 are adjustably 75 mounted. The disk 42 is moulded of insulating material and has ten segment spots 48 of conducting material spaced equally around the periphery. Imbedded in the face of the disk 42 is a series of concentric conducting rings 41. I'he rings are wired internally to segment spots 48 by means of connectors 48 shown in dotted outline in Fig. 2. Brushes 45 bear upon the rings 41 and establish a connection to brushes 43 through the segment spots 48.

The commutator disk 42 is connected to the drive gear 5| (Fig. 1) through a gear train comprising gears 53, 54, and 55 which are mounted on the back of the plate 4|, gear 55 and commutator 42 being afiixed toa common shaft 58. Hence rotation of the drive gear 5| in a clockwise direction causes commutator 42 to rotate in a counterclockwise direction.

In Fig. 2, the relation between the disk 42 and the brushes 43 is the relation assumed at 150 or 330 time in the machine cycle (Fig. 6). The machine cycle comprises 360 which is divided into twenty so-called index points of 18 each. The rotation of the disk 42 is in synchronism with the passage of the card past the brushes, that is, the 0 segment 48 contacts the 9 brush 43 between 0 and 18, at which time the card brush is scheduled to enter a 9 hole, if any, in the card. Between 18 and 36 the 0 segment 48 contacts the 8 brush 43, etc. As will be explained later, when a hole in the card actually occurs, a circuit will be completed through the 0 segment 48 and the brush with which it is contacting at the time the card brush enters the hole. This assumes that no previous entry had been made in the accumulator. If, for example, the accumulator had a value 0| 4 standing therein, then the 4 segment 48 instead of the 0 segment 48 would be the active segment through which a circuit is completed at the time the card brush enters the hole in the card. If it were, say, a 5 hole in the card, a circuit would be completed through the 9 brush 43; and if it were, say, a 4 hole, a circuit would be completed through the 8 brush 43, etc.

Immediately below the commutator 42 is located a commutator 8| of similar construction which is used for subtraction. The latter commutator is driven from the main drive through a train of gears 51, 58, 59, and 80, an extra gear being provided in the train so that commutator 8| is driven in a clockwise direction instead of counterclockwise as in the case of the adding commutator 42. Brushes 82 cooperate with segments 83, andv brushes 85 cooperate with concentric rings 68 which are similar to the previously described rings 41.

Cooperating with the above described commutators are a plurality of series of relays. Two groups of ten relays each form a denominational order. One of the two groups consists of value accumulating relays and the other group comprises value retaining relays. In Fig. 5a the two groups, of relays for the units order are shown and are designated Ru to R9u and 0u to 9u, respectively.

A readout emitter 81 is connected for rotation to the continuously running shaft |2| through gears 88 and 89. Although this emitter is in constant rotation it is only rendered effective to complete certain circuits of the machine upon total taking cycles as will be described hereinafter in connection with the circuit diagram.

General circuits As previously mentioned, the machine is provided with analyzing brushes, one for each column of the record card. The card is fed by these brushes so that the 9 digit position leads, followed by the 8 position, then the 7, etc., in a manner well known in the art. Hence circuits are completed at differential time depending upon the magnitude of digit values analyzed on the record card.

To set the machine in operation, the switch PS (Fig. is closed to provide a current supply to lines 200 and rMotor M is thus energized to set in motion the continuously rotating drive members of the machine. Depression of the start key closes contacts 203 to establish a circuit from line 200, stop key contacts 2|6, contacts INT| and MII, card feed clutch magnet CFCM, contacts 203 now closed, wire 204, to line 20|. The energization of the card feed clutch magnet CFCM causes operation of the card feeding mechanism to feed cards through the machine. This magnet also controls CFCM| and CFCMZ, closing them when energized. The card lever contacts UCLI and LCL are held closed by the feeding of the cards past the upper and lower brushes as previously described.

With upper card lever contacts UCLI closed and before relay contacts CLB open during the feed of the first card, a circuit is completed from line 200, contacts UCLI now closed, wire 32|,

relay contacts CLB, relay contacts |8|b, relay coil |80, to line 20|. Closure of contacts |80a,

tively, to line 20|. Energization of these relays provides a zero manifestation in each order of the accumulator when starting.

Holding circuits for relays R0u, R0t, and R0h are established as follows: for 4R0u, from line 20| relay coil R0u, contacts ROu-I now closed, via wire 88 to contacts 2|a and 25a in parallel, contacts MR-2 and P6 in parallel back to line 200; for R0t, from line 20|, relay coil R0t, contacts R0t-|, vla wire 88a to contacts 22a and h in parallel, contacts MRf-Z and P6 to line 200; and for R0h, from line 20|, relay coil Ruh, contacts R0hf|, contacts 23a and 25o in parallel, contacts MR2 and P6 to line 200. As the first card operates the lower card lever to close contacts LCL, a circuit is completed to energize relay coil CLR from line 200, contacts LCL now closed, magnet CLR, wire 205, to line 20|. Contacts CLS close upon energizatlon of relay coil CLR and provide a circuit as follows: from line 200, wire 262, relay coil |8|, to line 20|. Contacts |8| a provide a holding circuit for coil |8| which is maintained energized as long as the switch PS remains closed. Contacts |8|b open at this time to prevent further energization of relay coil |80 by the circuit described above.

Cards now continue to feed through the machine until the stop key is depressed, or until the machine runs out of cards, or, if group controlling as will be explained presently, until the end of a control group is reached. The effect of any of these three occurrences is to break the circuit to the card feed clutch magnet CFCM. This circuit is from line 200, stop key contacts 2|6, contacts INTI, contacts MII, magnet CFCM, contacts CFCMI now closed, contacts CL4 now closed, wire 204, to line 20|.

The machine is provided with group control devices for sensing and comparing the group number indications on successive cards under the upper and lower brushes. For this purpose each one of a group of magnets GC is connected in series with an upper and lower brush. A plug wire may connect jack 261 to jack 232 and another plug wire may be placed between jack 268 and jack 22|. Then, if the indications in a certain column on successive cards agree in index position, the related magnet GC is energized to prevent thetaking of an automatic total. The magnets GC are associated with contacts 269 in series with group control holding circuit magnets GCH, so that when magnet GC is energized, a contact 269 is closedand is held closed by the energized magnet GCH which at the same time opens a group control Contact 210. The circuit through magnets GCH is from line 20|, wire 2|1, wire 21|, magnets GCH, contacts 268, contacts CFIZ, and wire 322 to line 200.

The opened contacts 210 `prevent the energization of the major. intermediate and minor group control magnets MA, INT, and MI, which may be connected in series to one or more of contacts 210 in parallel by plug wires from jacks 212, 213, and 214 to jacks JGC. For purposes of illustration and simplicity, only the minor control is shown utilized in the circuit diagram. Obviously, in a similar manner the intermediate and major controls could be likewise utilized.

When one or more of the contacts 210 remain closed indicating a change in record card groups, the connected group control magnet is energized. The circuit is from line 20|, wire 2|1, contacts CRI, Wire 215, magnet MI, wire 216, jack 214, plug wire to the second jack JGC, one or more contacts 210, control switch MCS, contacts CFI closed after comparing cards, wire 246 and contacts CL2, to line 200. The energized magnet MI acts to operate all the MI contacts throughout the machine, opening some and'closing others to stop the regular adding operations of the machine so that an automatic total may be taken from the accumulator in a manner to be described hereinafter.

Accumulator circuits Referring now to Figs. 5a and 5b, three denominational orders of the accumulator are shown as representative. An explanation of these three orders; namely, the units, tens, and hundreds orders, will serve to describe the operation of the accumulator regardless of how many denominational orders are employed.

Consider rst the units order as shown in Fig. 5a. When adding into the accumulator the socket 10 (lower right hand corner of Fig. 5a) is plugged to socket 22| going to the lower brushes. Assume, for example, that "6 is being added into the accumulator. At the 6 index point in the card feed cycle, the brush 43 associated with the relay 6u will be contacting the segment 46 associated with the zero brush 45. Hence a circuit is completed from line 200 (Fig. 5), contacts CL2 and CFZ, common brush 2|9, contact roll 220, brush 15 making electrical contact with roll 220 at a differential time controlled by the location of the digit indication,l

jack 22|, plug wire to jack 10, contacts CF20 now closed, CSS-I contacts in the normal yposition, through the R9u-2, Rim-2, etc., contacts in the position shown, zero brush 45, corresponding concentric segment 41, zero segment 46, brush 43 associated with the 6u relay, relay 6u` and back to line` 20|. Contacts CSS--I are controlled by a subtraction control magnet CSS which during adding operations, such as are now being effected, remains deenergized. At such time as subtractive entries are being made in the accumulator, relay magnet CSS is energized from control designations in the card as will be explained hereinafter. Contacts Su-I close to provide a holding circuit through relay contacts Bit-I, relay coil 2|, cam contacts CRI5, cam contacts CFI 9, to line 200. Shortly thereafter cam contacts CFI8 (Fig. 5b) close to energize relay 25 by a circuit from line 20|, CFI8, relay 25, to line 200. Relay contacts 25a open and, with contacts 2Ia open, the holding circuit for relay coil R011. is opened and the relay deenergized. Then cam contacts CFI'I close to complete a circuit from line 200, through contacts CFII, contacts Sul-2 now closed, relay coil RSM, to line 20|. Relay points R6u| close and provide a stick circuit through contacts 25a and P to line 200. Finally cam contacts CFII open to deenergire relay coil 6u.

During the next adding cycle as the succeeding card passes the brushes 'I5 assume that an 8 is to be added to the 6 already in the accumulator. A circuit is then completed as previously traced to the jack "I0, through cam contact 0F20, relay contacts CSS-I, as shown, through contacts RQc-2, RBu-Z, R'lu-Z in the position shown. contacts R0u-2 now shifted, brush 45, ring-41, segment 40, through brush 43 of relay coil 4u which contacts the 6 segment 40 at this time, relay coil 4u, to line 20|. Relay 4u is maintained energized in the manner previously described through its contacts 4u|, relay coll 2|, and cam contacts CRIS, CFI 9, to line 200.

Cam contacts CFIB close to energize relay 25 by a circuit from line through CFII, relay 20, to line 200. Relay contacts a open and with contacts 2Ia open the holding circuit for relay R614 is opened and relay R612 deeliergized. Then cam contacts CFI 1 close to energize relay coil R4u through the now closed 41o-2 contacts in a similar manner to that previously described for R01.

Since "8 has been added to 6 in the units order to obtain "4" therein it is also necessary to carry 1 to the next higher or tens order. Accordingly just after adding is completed a test circuit in the units order is made to determine if a carry is required. Contacts CRIB close and a circuit is completed from line 200, through contacts CRIS, CSS-I1, H01L-3, CSS-40, Hsu-3, etc., in the position shown, to and through the RSM contacts in the shifted position through the CSS- I3 and 51h-3 contacts in the position shown, through the 4u-3 contacts in the shifted position through contacts CSS-2B in the position shown, relay coil 20u, to line 20|. Relay coil 20u closes its contacts 20u-I to provide a holding circuit through wire 2000 and cam contacts CRIT to line 200. It will be appreciated that this circuit is tested immediately following adding operations at which time relay coils R0u to Ru manifest the amount from the previous cycle and the accumulator relay coils as lu, 2u, etc., manifest the old amount plus the amount just received from the card. The energizing circuit to the 20 relay is completed only if the new amount standing therein is less than the previous amount. Such a condition indicates a carry is required to the next higher order.

Accordingly, at the end of the cycle cam contacts CRIS close and a circuit is completed from line 200, cam contacts CRII, contacts 20u-4 now closed, contacts CSS-2, in the position shown, Rit-2, R0t-2, etc., contacts all in the position shown, zero brush 4E, ring 41, zero segment 40, "1" brush 43, contacting zerosegment 40 at this time, relay It, to line 20|. Relay It is maintained energized by a circuit from line 20|, relay coil It, through contacts Ill-I, relay coil 22, cam contacts CRIS, CFIQ, to line 200. CRIS then closes to energize relay 25. The 25h points open and, with the 22a points open, the holding circuit to the Rt relay coils is momentarily opened. This removes any setup contained in the Rt coils before putting in the new setup caused by the carry. The circuit for the new setup is completed when contacts CRI4 close in the following manner: from line 200, contacts CRI4, contacts lit-2, relay coil RIt, to line 20|. The RIt coil is held energized through RIt--I contacts, 25o contacts, contacts P0, to line 200. Contacts CRI! then open to deenergi'ze relay coils It and 22 by opening the holding circuit through the It-I relay contacts.

In the event that 9 was standing in the tens order, a carry of 1 into the tens order from the units order would also carry through to the hundreds order in a similar manner. This occurs upon closure of contacts 8t4, which complete a circuit at the carry test time as follows: Simultaneously with the energization of 20u relay, contacts 20u-2 close and establish a circuit from line 200, contacts CRIB, etc. as described previously for the energization of relay coil 20u, to but not through the latter coil, contacts 20u-2 now closed, through cam contacts CF24 now closed, contacts CSS-0 in the position shown, contacts 0t--4 now closed, relay coil 20t, to line 20| It the 9 value in the tens order is held over from a previous cycle, the 0t relay has to be reenergized before the carry impulse, since the accumulator'relays are deenergized after their values are transmitted to the retaining relays. For this purpose the zero index points in all colums oi.' the ileld not containing a significant digit are punched, to reenergize the accumulator relay corresponding to the energized retaining relay of the same order, by an impulse transmitted at the zero position of the commutator. Relay points 20t| and cam contacts CRIl maintain the 20t relay coil energized through the carry time in the cycle. The 20t3 points provide carry into the hundreds order in the same manner the 20u-3 points carry to the tens order.

Accumulator theory subtracting In subtracting operations the input circuit to the relays is provided through a subtracting commutator which rotates in a reverse direction to the adding commutator. The input circuit from the brushes is shifted under control of an X indication in the card which is to eilect subtraction. This X indication is located in the ll position of the card immediately above the zero index position.

Assume for purposes of illustration that a card with an X" indication bears a negative amount of 136, and that there is already an amount of 234 standing in the accumulator. As the card bearing 136 passes the upper brushes (Fig. 5) a circuit is completed as follows: from the line 20|, contacts CR4 to CRl, wire 202, common brush 238, contact roll 23|, the upper brush 14 cooperating with the particular card column containing the X perforation, jack 232, a plug wire to jack 233, subtraction selection pickup magnet SSP, contacts CFS not;7 closed, wire 32E, contacta 'UCL|, to line 200. When magnet SSP is energized it closes contacts 234, and a holding circuit is established throughmagnet XCH rfrom line 20|, wire 235, magnet XCH, contacts 234 now closed, contacts CF|3 now closed, wire 236, to line 200. Magnet XCH closes contacts 238 and, at the beginning of the next cycle when cam con tact CF23 closes, a circuit is completed from line 200, wire 236, cam contacts CF23 now closed, contacts 238 now closed, relay coil CSS, wire 239, to line 20|. Relay contacts CSS- 1 in conjunction with contacts CR20 provide a holding circuit through wire 236 to line 200.

Considering now the units column of the accumulator (Fig. 5a), the Rhbf-S relay contacts are already closed and therefore at the 6 position a circuit is completed through the card from line 200, contacts CL2 and CF2 now closed, common brush 2|9, contact roller '220, lower brush 15, plug 22| to jack '|0, cam contacts CF20, contacts CSS-I now shifted, through the Rim- 5, R8u-5, etc., relay contacts in the position shown, to and through contacts RMP-5 now shifted, through the "4" segment 63, brush 62 of the 8u relay now contacting the 4 segment, through the 8u relay coil, to line 20| Relay coil 8u is held through its luf-I contacts in the usual manner. Transfer of the setup to the Ru relays isy effected in the manner previously described for addition.v In a similar manner to that just described for the units column, the subtraction of 3 from 3 in the tens column will leave a zero therein. and the subtraction oi' 1 from 2 in the hundreds column will leave 1 therein.

The fact that "6 has been subtracted from 4 in the units column to give eight makes it necessary to subtract an extra 1 during the carry time from the tens order. This is because a higher number has been subtracted from a relatively lower number and such a condition requlres borrowing one from the next higher order. In this problem such further subtraction of 1 in the tens order from zero standing therein after the normal subtraction time also necessitates a still further subtracting operation in the hundreds order due to the zero in the tens order being less than the 1" which is being subtracted.

To effect the above borrowing operation immediately following the normal entry position of the cycle the cam contacts CRIB close. A circuit is then provided from line 200, contacts CRIS, contacts CSS- 20 now shifted, contacts UIL- 3, in the position shown, contacts CSS-4| now closed, contacts 9u-3 in the position shown, contacts StL- 3 and CSS-22 now shifted, contacts R'luf-S, RGu-J and RSu-B in the position shown, Riu- 3 now shifted, contacts CSS35 now, closed, relay coll 20u, to line 20|. Relay coil 20u`was energized because of the fact that the new value of 8" in the units column was greater than the old value ci 4. Such a condition indicates a negative carry of 1" when subtracting. In the tens order the new value of zero is less than the old value of "3 and no carry test circuit will be completed to energize relay coil 201.. The latter coll, however, is energized by another circuit through the t-4 relay contacts. At the time coil 20u is energized, the contacts 20u-I and 20u- 2 close and a circuit is established from line 200, CR-Il contacts, line 200a, contacts 20u-I, contacts 20u-2, CF24 contacts, normally open side of transfer contacts CSSS, contacts 0t-4, relay coil 20t, to line 20|. Contacts 20t-| are now closed and the relay coil 20t is held enern gized via the circuit from line 20|, contacts 20t|, CR-Il contacts, to line 200.

During the carry portion of the cycle, contacts CR|8 close and a circuit is completed `from line 200, contacts CR|8, contacts 20u-3 now closed, contacts CSS-2 now shifted, relay contacts R9t-5, etc., through the subtracting commutator to energize the St relay coil. Likewise, in the hundreds order the closed 201;-3 points effect a subtraction of l from 1 standing therein to leave zero. Hence the final result of 098 is manifested upon the R relays at the completion of the carry.

To summarize the above description of the accumulator operation, it 4has been shown that two commutators are provided for each order of an accumulator. These are wired in a similar manner but rotate in opposite directions. The commutators cooperate with two groups of ten relays each, i. e. 0u to 9u and ROu to R9u which receive and store data from the record card. Entry routing circuits to the commutators, and hence to the accumulator, are shifted under control of the stored data as manifested by relays R0u to R911 newly entered data is accumulated with the stored data. The entry circuits upon being shifted, in effect change the differential time of entry. For example, if an accumulator column contains zero, an entry of 4" is directed to the 4u relay. If the accumulator contained 5, however, the entry of 4 would be directed to energize the 9 relay. When subtracting, if the accumulator contained 5 and 4 were sub tracted, the oppositely rotating commutator would eect energization of the l relay. Carry is effected electrically by a test circuit. This circuit'is controlled by the data previously in the accumulator and the data contained therein. Should the amount standing in an accumulator order as manifested by the u-Su relays after an entry is effected be less than the amount in the accumulator order before such entry is -eliected as manifested by the Rmb-R911. relays, a test circuit controlled by contacts of these relays indicates a carry requirement.

Total taking When a total is to be taken, the contacts MI2 close to energize the total magnet TM. The circuit is from line 200, magnet TM, wire 284, contacts M12 now closed, wire 2|3, switch HTS, wire 2|5, contacts CRS, wire 320, to line 20|. The energized magnet 'IM operates to shift its con tacts |15. 'Ihe printing clutch magnet PCM is energized by a circuit from line 200, wire 206, magnet PCM, wire 2|2, contacts M12 now closed, wire 2|3, switch HTS, wire 2|5, cam contacts CR3, wire 320, to line 20|. magnet PCM causes the printr operating devices to be clutched to the main drive. These operations are more fully described in the aforemenn tioned patent to Mills and are well known in the tabulating art so that further description of the printing mechanism and controls is considered unnecessary. Closure of contacts M16 energizes magnet MR by a circuit from line 200, MIB contacts now closed, MR relay, to line 20|. Magnet MR is then held energized through contacts MR| and cam contacts CRZl.

Printing in the present embodiment of the invention is controlled by special contacts of the R relays. Referring again to Figure 5, the R6 contacts are wired to an emitter 6l, the other side of the contacts are wired to the print magnets PM, through contacts |15. Depending upon The energization of which R relay contact is closed, circuits are completed at a differential time to print magnets PM in the well known manner to print the accumulated results. Assume the units and tens orders of the accumulator contain 4" and 6 respectively, then at the 6 index point in the total print cycle a circuit is completed from line 20D, wire 262, contacts Mft-3, now closed, cam ccntacts P1, emitter 61, contacting the 6 spot, contacts Bt-6, contacts il! now closed, tens order print magnet PM, to line 202. In a similar manner, at the 4 time a circuit is completed through the Rlucontacts to energize the units print magnet PM to print a 41' Near the end of the print cycle, cam contacts Pl open (Fig. b) and, with MR-2 contacts also open, the holding circuits for the R relays are opened and they are deenergized. Shortly thereafter contacts P8 (Fig. 5) close to energize relay coil I" by a circuit from line 200, wire 262, P-8, relay coil I", and back to line Contacts lata, b and c, (Figs. 5a and 5b) upon closing energize the RW, Rlt, and Rh relays to again set up zero in the accumulator. If the auto start switch AS is closed, the closing of cam contacts Pi at the end of the total cycle serves to energize the card feed clutch magnet CFCM to resume card feeding. If this switch is open the start key 203 must be again depressed.

l Since the basic novel features of the invention have been shown and described as one modification, it will be understood that various omissions and substitutions and changes in its operation may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. It

is the intention, therefore, to be limited only as indicated by the scope of the following claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A record controlled accounting machine including a source of diiferentially timed entry representing impulses having a multi-denominational order accumulating device controlled thereby for receiving digit value entries in the various orders and including in each denominational order a plurality of value retaining relays one for each digit value, cyclically operating commutating means provided with differentially related segments associated with the value retaining relays, a plurality of value accumulating relays one for each digit value, a plurality of entry circuit connections available for selective completion under the joint control of the value retaining relays and the commutating means to select one of the value accumulating relays for energization according to the detected digit value representation through the selected entry circuit connections for the purpose of manifesting the accumulated digit value, means controlled by an energized accumulating relay and effective following the accumulating portion of the cycle of the commutator means for energizing a corresponding value retaining relay, means for deenergizing the value accumulating relay subsequent to the energization of said value retaining relay, means controlled by the latter relay upon energization for completing a different one of the entry circuit connections through an associated segment of the commutator prior to the next cycle in .accordance with the magnitude of the digit value shifted from the accumulating relays, and means to deenergize the value retaining relay under the control of the value accumulating relaysdiiring the accumulating portion of the next cycle of the commutator.

2. 1n combination with a source of differentially timed entry representing impulses a multidenominational order accumulating device controlled thereby for receiving digit value entries in the various orders and including in each denominational order a plurality of value retaining relays one for each digit value, a cyclically operating commutator having dierentially related segments`V associated with the value retaining relays, a plurality of value accumulating relays one for each digit value including contacts, a plurality of entry circuits selectively completable through the associated segments of the commutator under control of the value retaining relays for selecting one of the value accumulating relays for energization in accordance with the detected digit value representation through the selected entry circuit to manifest the accumulated digit value, means controlled by an energized accumulating relay and effective following the accumulating portion of the cycle of the commutator for energizing a corresponding value retaining relay, means for deenergizing the value accumu- I lating relay subsequent to the energization of said value retaining relay, contacts operated by the latter relay upon energization thereof for conditioning a different one of the entry circuits through the associated segment oi the commutator prior to the next cycle in accordance with the magnitude of the digit value shifted from the accumulating relays, and means to deenergize the value retaining relay under the control of the value accumulating relays during the accumulating portion oi' the next cycle of the commutator.

3. In a record controlled accounting machine having analyzing means for analyzing digit value representations on a record card and for detecting the presence of a special control designation thereon and a multi-denominational order accumulating device for receiving differentially timed entries corresponding to the digit value representations in the various orders comprising, in each denominational order, a plurality of value accumulating relays and a plurality of value retaining relays, said relays being used to represent digit values, commutating means including a pair oi' cyclically operating commutatore, means controlled by the analyzing means in accordance with the presence or absence of a special control designation on the card to determine which one of said pair of commutators is to be operatively connected with the value accumulating relays, means controlled by the connected commutator and the value retaining relays upon analysis of a value representation in a related portion of the card for selecting one of the value accumulating relays for energization in accordance with the time during the cycle at which the analysis of the value representation occurred so as to manifest the algebraic sum of the analyzed digit value with the value represented by the retaining relays previous to that time, means to shift the manifested sum to one of the value retaining relays to energize the latter in a corresponding manner near the end of the cycle so as to provide a new controlling relation between the commutating means and the value accumulating relays, means for deenergizing the energized value accumulating relay subsequent to the energization of said value retaining relay, and means controlled by the value accumulating relays for deenergizing the energized value retaining relay during the accumulating portion of the next cycle.

4. In a machine of the class described, a multidenominational order accumulator for receiving digit representing entries in the various orders comprising, in each denominational order, a iirst and second series of digit value representing relays, entry control means including a cyclically operating commutator capable of effecting a digit representing entry by selecting one of the relays of the first series for energization under the control of the second relay series and the commutator to represent the units digit of the sum of the digits entered during the cycles of the commutator, means controlled by the first series of relays at a time near the end of the cycle in which a digit was entered for correspondingly energizing one of the relays of the second series so as to represent the digit, means for deenergizing the energized relay of the first series after the latter relay becomes energized, maintaining means for the relays of the second series to cause the energized one of the latter relays to retain the digit representation until after another digit entry has been made in the first series during a subsequent cycle to cause the relays in the first series to represent the units digit of the sum of the former and latter digit entries, means elfec tive in the latter cycle cafter the last mentioned digit entry for determining whether the digit represented by the rst series is less than that represented by the second series, a carry controlling device, and means under control of the determining means for operating said carry device when the units digit of the sum as represented by the first series is less than the digit value represented by the second series.

5. The machine as set forth in claim 4, in which the determining means comprises a` test circuit under the control of the relays of each series which is completable only in the event that the units digit of the sum represented by the rst series is less than the digit value represented by the second series and in which the carry controlling device comprises a carry control magnet adapted to be energized upon completion of the test circuit.

6. An accounting Y machine having a multidenominational order accumulating device for receiving differentially timed digit entry impulses in the various orders comprising, in each order, a plurality of value retaining relays one for each digit value, a cyclically operating commutator having differentially related segments, individual circuit connections for said segments made under selective control of the value retaining relays to connect with one of the segments for the passage of a digitentry impulse through the commutator, a plurality of value accumulating relays one for each digit value, a plurality of routing circuits having progressively changing connections with the commutator during a cycle of operation of the latter for selecting one of the accumulating relays for energization by a digit entry impulse according to the commutator segment through which the entry is made and the differential time of said entry in order to represent the accumulated value, means eilective following the accumulating portion of the commutator cycle in accordance with the condition of the accumulating relays for correspondingly energizing one of the retaining relays to retain the accumulated digit value representation, thereby conditioning the individual circuit connections to the commutator prior to the next cycle in accordance with said accumulated digit value to select which segment is to transmit the next digit entry impulse during the following cycle, means for deenergizing the value accumulating relay subsequent to the energization of said value retaining relay, and means to deenergize said value retaining relay under control of said value accumulating relay subsequent to said next digit entry impulse.

, JAMES W. BRYCE.

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