US2282028A - Electrical accumulator - Google Patents

Description

May 5, 1942.v .1.v w. BRYcE ELECTRICAL ACCUMULATOR Filed June 21, 1938 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 :www

' INVENTOR. jf/755 W50/cc A TTORNEY 5 sheets-sheet 2 Filed June 21, 1938 mm a mm f Nm ATTORNEY .m .mi

J. BRYCE ELECTRICAL ACCUMULATOR Filed June 21, 1938 May 5, 19.42.

...43 mm t D w k. l a Y. im ,b k n n.11. ummm May 5, 1942- J. w. BRYCE 2,282,028

ELECTRICAL ACCUMULATOR Filed June 21, 1938 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENT ATTORNEY .d N. Q u.

May 5, 1942.

J. W. BRYCE ELECTRICAL AGGUMULATOR Filed June 21, 1958 5 'Sheets-Sheet 5 umm In vEN1 0R Ai'ToRNEY Patented May 5, 1942 ELECTRICAL ACCUMULATOR James-W.` Bryce, Glen Ridge, N. J., assigner to International Business Machines Corporation, New York, N. Y., .a corporation of New York 4Application June 21, 1938, Serial No. 214,930

(ol. zas-61.6)

4 Claims.

This invention relates to record controlled accounting machines and more particularly to value registering or accumulating mechanism used in such machines.

The principal. object of the present invention resides in the provision of a unique accumulator of the strictly electrical type applicable to a record-controlled accounting `machine with a view toward simplification and improved arrangement of the ycontrolling circuit.

More specifically, the invention contemplates the provision of an accounting machine with accumulating means comprising a plurality of ordinal series of value-corresponding relays, each value relay having a controlling relay companion thereto; the provision of novel means for effecting successive energization of an entry circuit to each series of companion relays so as to energize a plurality of said relays successively according to the value entered in that series; the provision of means to maintain each of the energized value relays in its operated condition until a predetermined number oi said relays have been energized, each value relay, upon being energized, conditioning` the controlling relay of the next higher ordinal value position for operation upon the next energization of the entry circuits; and the provision of transfer means controlled by zero value position of one ordinal series of relays to enter one into the next higher 'ordinal series of relays- Each set of` control relay is first energized and this in turn causes its companion value relay to become energized. The value relay, immediately upon becoming energized, eiiects the deenergization of the operated control relay, and concurrently condltions the control relay of the next higher set in the series for operation upon entry of the next impulse. Succeeding impulses cause similar operations of further sets of relays in the series, and the value relays thus energized v`are maintained in their operated condition until a pre.

determined ordinal value positionv isreached, at which time the maintaining circuit to all value relays except the one in the predetermined position is broken. 'An electrical carry means is uti-4 lized to enter a carry impulse in the next higher orders of the accumulator as the relay progression in lower orders passes from the highest digit position to the zero position. The accumulator performs subtraction by -the entry of a number of impulses complementary to the value of the digit to be subtracted. A simple read-out means is provided and operates under the control of the last-operated relay to complete circuits to print magnetson total taking cycles.

Oher objects of the invention will be pointed out in the following description and claims and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, which disclose, by way of example the principle of the invention and the best mode, which has been contemplated, of applying that principle.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the card feeding and analyzing mechanism of an accounting machine showing the essential operating parts.

Figs. 2, 2a and 2b together comprise a representative circuit diagram of the machine.

Fig. 3 shows an electrical timing chart of the machine.

Flg.4 shows an enlarged complete view of the relay arrangement of the units order of the accumulator. f l

For purposes of illustration, the accumulator forming the subject matter of the present invention will be described as applied to an accounting machine of the type shown in the U. S. Patent 1,976,617 issued to Lake et al. on Oct. 9, 1934. A brief description of the card feeding and analyzing mechanism of the machine and the general machine operating circuits will now be set forth followed by a detailed description of the accumulator. If more detailed explanation of the various parts of the machine other than the accumulator is desired, reference should be made to the aforementioned Lake patent.

Card feeding and analyzing mechanism L of feed rolls I3, I4 and I5 to a stacker (not shown) Between pairs of' feed rollers I2 and I3 are located the upper analyzing brushes UB, and

between rollers Il and I5 are located lower anleading card will be moveddownwardly to a position where the leading edge of the card will have slightly passed the upper brushes UB, insulating them from the contact roll I6. During the second cycle, the card will be advanced by the feed rollers past the upper brushes to an exactly similar position with respect to the lower brushes LB, insulating them from the contact roll I1. Meanwhile, during this second cycle, a second card will have been advanced to the upper brushes so that there is now a card under the upper brushes and lower brushes. operated, and their associated contacts' I8 and I9 closed. During the third cycle, the cards will pass the lower and upper brushes respectively and corresponding index point positions will be analyzed concurrently by the two sets of brushes.

` At the end of the third cycle, the first card will have been passed down beyond the lower brushes, the second card will have advanced into a position where its leading edge. insulates the lower brushes from their contact roll I1, and a third At this time Aboth card levers are card will have been fed into a similar position with respect to the upper brushes.

Value designations on the record cards are analyzed by the lower brushes LB which cause corresponding entries to be made into accumu- V lators for the purpose of ascertaining totals. The upper brushes UB function in conjunction with the lower brushes LB under group control operation, which will be explained later in detail, to allow the cards to continue'to feed as long as control designations representing a group are the same on successive cards. At the end of a cycle during which the control designations analyzed by the upper and lower brushes differ, the feeding mechanism is automatically stopped.

u Totals for the group may then be taken from the accumulators in which entries were made.

When certain cards have amounts to be added and others have amounts to be subtracted, the upper brushes are employed in distinguishing one type from the other by the so-called X `selection method. In this method, provision may.

be made so that subtract cards, for example, carry an X designation and the add cards do not.v The X designation may be placed in are additively entered into the accumulators by the normal entry circuits.

Further explanation of the functions of the cardl feed and analyzing mechanism, except as set forth later in connection with a"desc\ription of the circuits of the machine, isv deemed un# necessary. If a more detailed description iS 2,282,028 l desired, it may be obtained by referring' to the aforementioned U. S. Patent 1,976,617.

General machine circuits The circuits of the machine may be connected to a source of current through a switch Sindicated in the upper left hand corner of Fig. 2. With the switch S closed, current is supplied to main lines 30 and 3|, which through wires 32 and 33 connect these lines to the input side oi a dynamotor indicated at DY. The output side of the dynamotor is connected to wires 34 and 35 which supply current to the machine proper.

.The use of the dynamotor DY permits the operation of the tabulating machine from a source of current whose potential is different than that for which the various electrical devices of the machine are adapted. Specifically, if the source of current is 220 volts D. C., the dynamotor, when wired as shown, will impress current of volts D. C. on the lines 34 and 35. If the supply of current is llO volts, then, of course, the dynamotor may be dispensed with and direct connection made between lines 30 and 34 and lines 3| and' 35 as indicated by dotted lines. When current is initially supplied to the dynamotor, the current through the input armature thereof will pass through a resistance 36 in parallel with whichare wired contacts 31a of a relay magnet. 3l. Magnet 31 is directly connected across the output lines 34 and 35 of the dynamotor and close as soon as the voltage delivered is 'sufficient to operate the relay. Contacts 31a close to shuntv out the resistance 36 and permit the full input current to be applied to the input armature of the dynamotor.

In tabulating machines of this class, it is customary to first send the machine through a reset cycle of operations to insure that the ac'-v cumulating devices are clear and also to set up the automatic control mechanism. These resetting operations will be more fully explained later. Suiice it to say at the present time, however, that during the resetting operations, motor control relay magnet 38 is energized and a holding circuit provided for maintaining it energized until change. Contacts 38a of this relay will therefore be closed and the contacts 38h opened.

The machine is now ready to start card feeding operations .after cards have been placed in the feed magazine I0. Depression of the start key to close contacts ST will complete a circuit as follows: from line 34, closed cam contacts PI, tabulating clutch magnet 29, contacts 29a, start relay 39,start key contacts ST, stop key contacts SP, closed relay contacts 38a, to line v35. Energization of magnet 29 causes opening of the contacts 29a and the circuit will now include relay magnet 40, which is wired in parallel with the contacts 29a.

Magnet 40 will close its contacts 40a to complete a circuit through the tabulating motor TM Ias follows: from line 30, motor TM, contacts 40a,

to line 3|, thus initiating the operation of the motor. Motor TM is of the two-speed type having a resistance 4| connected in series with its eld Winding. Shunted across the resistance 4| are the contacts 28 which may be arbitrarily closed to shunt out the resistance 4| and cause the motor TM to operate at a slow speed. A further pair of contacts 42h are connected in parallel with resistance 4I andcontacts 28 and are controlledby a relay magnet 42'. 'I'he object of the contacts 42h is to shunt out the resistance 4| casaccal The contacts 38o are controlled by the motor con trol magnet 38 and are opened when magnet 381sY deenergized due to a change in the group control closure of contacts 42a will set up a holding cirl cult for the magnet 42 traceable `from line 38, wire 43, magnet 42, contacts 42a, wire 44, contacts 40a, to line 3l. Energization'of magnet 42 will, of course, open contacts 42h, permitting the Ainclusion of resistance 4I in the neld circuit ol' motor TM, if the machine is set for tabulating operations.

inspection oi' the timing diagram (Fig. 3) will show that the time of closure oi' contacts LI occurs after the machine has turned through substantially a third of a cycle so that it will be apparent 'that operation of the machine for this portion of the cycle will be at the slow speed, regardless of whether contacts 28 have been set open or closed. During the tlrst cycle, the record card C is advanced from the supply magazine to a 'position where its leading edge is in contact with the upper brushes UB, as previously explained.

Energization of the start relay magnet 39 will effect closure of its contacts 33a to set up a holding circuitfor the clutch magnet 23 traceable trom line 33, cam contacts PI, magnet 29, relay fill, magnet 33, contacts 39a, 4wire 45, cam contacts L2 to line 35. Toward the end of this cycle cam contacts L2 break, as indicated in the timing diagram, and the machine coast through the remainder of the cycle to home position, which `will hereinafter be termedthe D position, as it is commonly known in the art.

A second machine cycle is now again initiated by depression of the start key to close contacts ST and a second cycle will follow in the same manner as the first. During this second cycle, the rst card is advanced to the lower brushes and a second card is fedlirom the supply magazine. Following this second cycle, the machine may do one of two things. If the automatic resetting switch B5 is open, the machine will stop as before and'ii' the switch is closed, the machine will automatically enter upon a resetting cycle of operations. If the machine stops, the same resetting cycle is initiated by depression of the reset key to close contacts R. It will be pointed out in connection with the group control circuits that the motor control relay 38 is deenergized during the second tabulating cycle just mentioned, so that contacts 38a open and 38h close during the latter part oi the cycle.

rf switch as is closed, che closure of cam contacts L3 toward the'end of the second cycle will complete a circuit traceable as follows: from line 35., contacts 33h, switch 48, now closed, cam

contacts L3, relay magnet 48, cam contacts P3 to line 34.v Closure of `contacts "48a will set up a Aholding circuit for magnet 48 traceable from line 34, contacts P3, magnet 4'8, contacts 18a, to line 35. At the very end of the cycle, contacts L4 close. permitting the completion of a circuit from line 35, contacts 48a, contacts`L4, reset clutch magnet 41, contacts 34o, contacts P3 to line 34. The contacts 84e are controlled by a multi-contact relay magnet 34 (Fig. 2a) which is energized through a circuit extending from line 34, wires 26 and 21, magnet 84, relay contacts 38e, contacts 48D, cam contacts P3, wire 25 (see alsoFig; 2), card lever contacts I3, now closed, to line 35.

tions. It is thus apparent that ii' either of the contacts 38o and 48h are open, magnet 84 is deenergized to permit closing of contacts 84e in the reset clutch magnet circuit. It is thus apparentthat during card feeding cycles, contacts 34e are held open and prevent completion of the reset clutch magnet circuit. vMagnet 41 will trip the reset'clutch mechanism and will cause the closure 'of 'the contacts 41a.

This will permit completion of the circuit through thereset motor RM which is traceable from line 39, motor RM, magnet 50, wire 5i, contacts 47a', wire 52, to line 3l. The motor'RlVl will thereupon operate to drive the machine through a reset cycle during which contacts P4 close to short circuit the contacts 41a and maintain the circuit through motor RM, and shortly thereafter, contacts P3 (Fig. 2a) open to break the circuit through the magnet 84 which in turn permits closing of contacts Mc. Later, contacts P3 open to break the holding circuit of magnet 48. Cam contacts Pil open at the very end of the cycle to brestp the circuit through the motor RM.

Ii the machine had stopped'after the second tabula/ting cycle, due to the open position of switch llt, the resetting cycle is initiated by depression of the reset key to close contacts R, which completes a circuit from line 35, contacts L2, wire dfi, contacts 33h, contacts R, relay 48,

contacts P3, to line 34. Energization of magnet alli ycontrols the completion of the above traced circuits through reset clutch magnet 47 and the subsequent completion of the circuit through thev 1a resetting cycle which is either manually or automaticallyv initiated. At this point, the rst card is ln readiness to pass and be analyzed by the lower brushes LB and the second card is in readiness to pass and be analyzed by the upper brushes UB and the automatic control mechanism is in readiness to compare the control designation of the cards as they pass through the machine. Following the reset cycle just explained, the machine will stop, if the 'automatic start switch 53 is open, and further operations oi' the machine willl be initiated by depression of the start key to close contacts ST. If switch 53 had been previously closed, however, the machine will automatically enter upon card feeding andl analyzing operations immediately upon completion of the last resetting cycle. This is brought about in the following manner:

Relay contacts LCLa will have been closed clue to the arrival of the rst card at the lower brushes and during the resetA cycle just traced, cam contacts P2 closed momentarily at the end of the cycle, thereby establishing a circuit from line 35, contacts 38a, now closed, contacts SP, LCLa and P2, switch 53, star-t relay magnet 3S, contacts 29a, 'tabulating'clutch magnet 29, contacts PI, to line 34. The energization of magnet 29 will, as explained above, cause the machine to enter upon a tabulating cycle of operations, during which the record cards are successively analyzed and the amounts thereon entered into the accumulators.

Closureof lower card lever contacts I9 completes a circuit'from line 35 (Fig. 2), contacts I9, wire 25 (see also Fig. 2a), wire 55 (Fig. 2a), a number of relay magnets LCL, wire 51, to line 34. A number of magnets LCL are provided to distribute the multiplicity of contacts to be controlled. Closure of relay contacts LCLb, together with the closure of contacts LCLa, menl through each such contact. The contacts asso- 59h (Fig. 2) in the holding circuit. The ultimate tioned above, will complete a holding circuit for relays LCL through cam contacts L6. This circuit is from line 35, contacts L6, contacts LCLb,

magnets LCL and wires 51, 2l and 26 to line 34. As long as record cards continue to pass the lower brushes, magnets LCL ,will remain continuously energized since contacts L6 are timed to be closed during the interval that the card lever contacts 'I9 open (see the timing chart, Fig. 3). The up- 4per card lever contacts I8 similarly complete a machine in operation as long as control designations on successively analyzed cards are the same will now be explained in detail.

A number 'of double-wound relay magnets are provided, each having a' pick-up winding 59 and a holding winding 6U. Windings 59 terminate in the jacks 52 and 63 through which the windings 'may be plug connected in series with the brushes UB and LB. Since the index point positions on the card passing the lower brushes are analyzed concurrently with the analysis of the corresponding index point positions of the following card passing the upper brushes, a perforation occurring in any index point position of both cards will complete a circuit at a time in the cycle of the machine corresponding to the location of the perforation.

The control pick up circuit is traceable as follows: from line 34 (Fig. 2), wires 64 and 65, cam contacts LII, upper brush contact roller I6, designation on the card at the upper brushes, upper brush UB, plug socket 2l, plug wire connection to jack 63, winding 59, jack 62, plug wire connection to jack 20, brush LB, designations in the card at the lower brushes, lower brush contact roller I1, circuitbreaking vcontacts 6I, lower card lever contacts I9 to line 35. Y

Energization of winding 59 will close its contacts 59a and 59h, the former setting up a holding circuit for the windings which is traceable as follows: from line 34, wires 84 and 65, cam

.contacts LI2, contact 59a, winding 6U, to line 35.v

Contacts LI2 hold the windings 6U energized until nearly the end of the cycle. It is thus apparent that the windings 59 are energized at a differential time in accordance with the value of the controlling perforation and that the windings 6U hold all the selected circuits to keep contacts 59h closed in positions in which agreement occurred between the cards.

In the machine there are provided sixteen sets of windings 59, 6U. On the circuit diagram, however, only three are shown, to avoid undue repetition of similar parts. After all the index point positions have been analyzed, the machine tests the setting of the contacts 59h. v.If there was agreement in all the control columns, the contacts 59h corresponding to those :columns will be closed and a series circuit will be traceable object ofthe group control mechanism is to keep the motor control relay magnet 38 energized, if there is agreement in the control field and to cause deenergization of magnet 38, if there is a break or disagreement in the control field.

Magnet 38 is normally held energized through a circuit set up during the initial resetting cycle of the machine. During this cycle, cam contacts P1, P8 close at substantially the same time, one pair of these contacts being set for accurate making time and the other pair for an accurate break. The'circuit will be completed from line 34, wire 64, contacts P1, contacts P8, control relay magnet 66, magnet` 61, motor control relay magnet 38, cam contacts LIU, wire 68, to right side of line 35. Control relay 66 closes its contacts 66a to establish a holding circuit from line 34, wire 64,contacts 66a, magnet 66 to line 3 5 as before. cuit and remains energizedl as long as there is no group change. While cards of a group are feeding, the contacts 59h provide a shunt circuit around contacts LID. For example, the contacts 59h, when they are closed and when plug connection between jacks 22 and 23 is made, as shown dotted, short circuit contacts LIU, the short circuit running from the lower blade of contacts LIU to the lower'most contacts 59h, then to the uppermost pair,

plug connection from jack 22 to 23, tothe upper sustained through the contacts 59h. If, at such time one of the contacts 59h had failed to close, the holding circuit would have been broken, de-

energizing relay magnets 66, 61 and the motor,

' until there is again a break in either of the circuits.

It may here be mentioned that with the autov matic reset switch 46 closed, `the machine will perform a single' cycle of total taking operations and the group control holding circuit will be concurrently reestablished during this single anually initiated reset cycle, clears the accumulators and operates contacts P'I and P8 to initially establish the control holding circuit and energize motor This circuit is the control holdingl circontrol relay 38 so that the starting circuit can be completed. At this time, the lower card lever relay magnets LCL are deenergized as are also the upper card lever relay magnets UCL and their respective contacts LCLg and UCLf short circuit contacts LIU so that during the first card feeding cycle, the opening of contacts III) is ineiective to break the holding circuit. At the end of this cycle, however, the upper card lever contacts I3 close, causing energization of upper card lever relay magnets UCL and opening of contacts UCL. As explained above, the machine comes to rest after this first card feeding cycle with the first card about to pass the upper brushes. A second manually initiated cycle then takes place.

During the second card cycle, none of the contacts 59h can be closed since the lower brushes LB, which receive current through the lower card lever contacts I9 do not receive current. Opening of contacts LIIJ therefore finds no holding circuit for the control relay magnet and the same is therefore interrupted. At thisftime, the leading card will be at the lowerorushes after having closed card lever contacts I9 to supply current to the lower brushes and to cause energi- 'zation of lower card lever relay magnets LCL,

` opening the contacts LCLg. The following total taking and resetting cycle will again set up the holding circuits and the machine will proceed With-fits tabulating operations under the joint control of the contacts LIU and contacts 59h.

When the last card in the machine has passed the upper brushes and is passing the lower, and the'upper brushes are making contact on the bare contact roller I6, inspection of the circuit diagram (Fig. 2) will show that circuits will beV completed to all the active relays in the same manner as though another card of the same group were passing the upper brushes. This, of course, would indicate an agreement and the group control would not break until the lower v card lever contacts opened. Therefore, it is necessary at this time to break the control holding circuit even though the shunt circuit through contacts 59h is closed.' This is brought about under control of the upper card lever contacts which open, since no card is at the upper brushes, bringing about the deenergization of the upper card lever relay magnets UCL and permitting opening of contacts UCLe. No shunt circuit can now be established through the'ccntacts SSb so that when the contacts of LIIl openY the holding circuit will be broken, and the machine will enter upon total taking operations.

Accumulating mechanism The accumulating mechanism is composed en' tirely of relay coils and associated contacts. For each denominational order (Fig. i) of the accumuiator, twenty-one relays are provided, two for each digit except the zero digit position which requires three reiays for reasons described later. The relays are connected by electrical circuits so as to form a series of sets of relays. Each set comprises a value-:corresponding relay paired with a controlling relay and represents an ordinal value or digit position.

In the circuit diagram of the machine (Figs. 2, 2a and 2b), three denominational orders of the accumulator are shown for purposes of illustration. These.- orders are designated as the units, tens, and hundreds orders. ie relay arrangement inv each of the orders is similar, so that lever contacts I9 now closed, circuit breaker" contacts 6|, lower brush contact roll II, through. value designations in columns of the card field to be added, corresponding lower brushes LB, plug wire connection from jacks 20 of these lower brushes to jacks 15, adding control magnets 11, to line 34. The magnets 11 energized are maintained in'their operated condition by a holding circuit from line 34, magnets 11, contacts 11a; wire 16, cam contacts L33, via Wire 83, to line 35. Contacts L33 are timed so as to maintain magnets TI energized until the end of the adding operation at zero in the cycle (Fig. 3).

First considering entry into the units order of the accumulator (Fig. 4), energization of a magnet 'I'I related to this order will occur at a differential time in the cycle Aand cause anventry circuit to be completed as follows: line .36 through the subtraction control contacts 91e, circuit breaker contacts 9|, contacts 91h of the units order of accumulator, relay contacts 'I'Ib now closed, contacts RIllg, value relay contacts RIb, entry control relay coil RII, via conductor |04, to line 35, thus energizing the control relay RII. Contacts RI Ia will close and thereby es-n tablish a circuit to energize value relay RI from line 34, contacts 91e, circuit breaker contacts 9|.

contacts 91h, contacts 11b contacts RIia now closed, relay coil RI, to line 35. With relay RI energized, contacts RIa-will close and provide a which was described for its initial energizationf The circuit is slightly altered now, however, by the fact that a resistance r has been brought into the circuit in series with .relay coil RH, and the circuit now passes through contacts Rid instead of contacts RIb.

Resistance r is of such a value that it will allow the entry control relay `R|I to remain energized and keep contacts Ri Ia closed until the circuit breaker contacts 9| open at the end of the impulse, at which time relay coil RIU is deenergized. Upon entry of the next impulse, resistance r limits the iiow of current through coil RII to a value below that necessary to re-close contacts RIIa. So long as resistance t is in series with the'now deenergized Ril coil, the contacts controlled by this coil will remain in their normal positions.

Another resistance, designated r', is provided in the holdingcircuit for relay` Ril to prevent a potential holding circuit for the RH relay coil that would otherwise be established upon the closure of contacts Ria. This potential circuit may be tracedas follows: line 35, conductor |34, relay coil RII, resistance r, contacts Rid now closed, contacts RIIlg, contact RIIa also closed,

' and then relay R2.

a'nd then to line 34 through the remainder oi!l the.

holding circuit for the Rl relay as previously described. The resistance r', however, being in series with the circuit just described is of such value that, when combined with resistance r will .y

limit the holding current to relay coil RII and, at the time circuit breaker contacts 9| open after the first impulse, the relay RII will lbe deenergized causing its contacts to be restored to normal. l

Contacts-11b will provide a circuit from breaker contacts 9| into the accumulator from the time relay 11 is -energized until the end of the adding operation, relay 11 being maintained energized by cam contacts L33 as previously explained. It is apparent that after relay 11 befcomes energized to condition an accumulator entry circuit, the number of machine cycle points remaining up to will determine thenumber of impulses from circuit breaker contacts 9| which will be permitted to enter into the accu- .mulator to cause successive energization of the Contacts 9| are of the leaf spring type chart (Fig. 3).- For illustrative purposes, a.spe

cinc entry into the units order will now be described.

Assuming, for example, that a value of 5 on the record card is to be entered at 5" in the machine cycle, the adding control magnetv 11 associated with the'units order is energized as previously described. There are then 5 adding index points from 5 to 0. As the circuit breaker contacts 9| make at 5, 4, 3, 2 and 1 in the machine cycle successive adding impulses are sent to the units order. The action of the rst impulse/has already been described. 'I'he second impulse toA enter the accumulator is initiated at 4 in the machine cycle. Contacts 11b are still closed and a circuit .is lprovided to entry control relay RI2 as follows: Positive line 34, contacts 91e in the position shown, circuit breaker contacts 9|, contacts 91h in the position shown, contacts 11b now closed, contacts R||b in the position shown, contacts RIc now closed, contacts R2b in the position shown, relay coil RI2, to line `35. Relay RI2 is thus energized and closes its contacts RI2a to provide a circuit to energize value relay R2 in a manner similar to that described for 4the energization of value frelay RI. Coil RI2' will become deenergized when the circuit breaker contacts open the circuit to this coil at the end of the impulse which caused its energization.

It is apparent from the foregoing explanation that each additional impulse entering the accumulator units order causes the energization of a new value relay, that is, the rst impulse caused the energization of relay RI, and the second impulse, relay R2 etc. Such energization of relay R2 was dependent upon the fact that relay Rl remained energized, its Rle contacts being in series with the circuits which energize relay RI2 In like manner when a third impulse enters the counter, it passes through contacts Rlc and R2c now closed and results in the energization of arelay R3 in a manner similar to that described for the previous value relays in the series. Thus, at the end of a fifth impulse,

relays RI to R5 would be energized to representl that "5 had been entered into the units order of the accumulator. 'I'he operation of the series of relays for the rstnine impulses entered is the same as described above, and thus-at the end of the ninth impulse, relays RI to R9 remain energized. 'I'hese relays are maintainedenergized by a circuit through the normally closed RIOe and R20d contacts as previously explained. Upon 'entry of a tenth impulse, however, a somewhat different series of events occur. A circuit to energize entry control relay R20 is provided as follows: line 34, contacts 91e, contacts 11b now closed, contacts Rl Ib.' contacts Rlc, contacts Rl2b, contacts R20, contacts R|3b, contacts R30, etc., to

and through contacts R9c, contacts Rlllb,V relay coil R20, to line 35. Relay R20, upon being energized, causes contacts R20a to close and a circuit is thereby completed to the zero value relay designated RID. This circuit is as previously traced through contacts RIIb, Rlc, Rl2b, R2c, etc.,

through contacts R9c, contacts R20a now closed, relay coil RIU, to line 35. Contacts R20d, which are in parallel with the R|0e contacts, are now opened. Contacts R|0a and R|0e are of thel make beforebreak type and are tied together by means of an insulating portion |02. That vis, contacts R|0a are designed to close before contacts R|0e open. Therefore, upon energization of relay RIO, contacts R|0a wlllc1ose, providingv a holdingl circuit for relay R|0 from line 35,

through relay'coil RIO, contacts Rl0a, resistance r', conductor |03 and cam contacts L3| to line 34. The timing ofv cam contacts L3| is'such as to maintain relay Rl 0 energized until the fourteenth cycle point in the machine cycle, at which time carrying operations will have been completed. After contacts R|0a have' closed, contacts R|0e will open and since contacts R20d are already open as previously described, the holding circuit for the value relays Rl through R9 is now broken, and their contacts are returned `to their normal position.

Contacts R20d are placed in the circuit to bypass the R|0e contacts for the purpose o'f reestablishing the holding circuit for relays R| through R9 immediately after it is brokenby the opening of the R|0e contacts. `The deenergization of relay R20 upon the termination of the tenth impulse allows contacts R2'0d. to close and perform their function as above described, so that after the next impulse and succeeding impulses, the valuerelays successively energized by these impulses will have a holding circuit to maintain them energized in a manner already described. Contacts RI 0e are held open by the energized R|0 relay for an appreciable time which would allow l contacts R|0g are provided. As soon as relay R|0 became energized, contacts RIOg opened and prevented the completion of an entry circuit to energize relays RII and RI. It will be noted a relay K is also provided and connected to the common side of circuit breaker contacts 9| and '9 la. Each impulse from the circuit breaker contacts 9| will causev the K relay to be energized by a circuit from line 34 through contacts 91e, circuit breaker contacts 9,|, common conductor |01, relay coil K, via conductor |08 to line 35. Circuit breaker contacts 9|a are used for subtraction operations because when subtracting, as will be explained later, relay 91 is energized and the circuit to energize the K coil goes through contacts 91d and breaker contacts 9|a. Once relay K is deenergized, following the opening of conv tacts Rle, the entry circuit for energizing the accumulator relays may be re-established. This is brought about by the closing of contacts R2|b to be completed to the R|"relay. Relay RZIV remains energized until relay RI 0 becomes deenergized. This condition is obtained by the shunt circuit through RNA provided .around the KI contacts.

It would now be well to summarize brieiiy the sequence of events which occur upon the entry of 7 a tenth impulse into an order of the accumulator. Relays RI to 9 will have been energized prior to the tenth impulse. Uponentry of the tenth impulse, relays K-and R20 are energized concurrently, but the KI contacts open before R204; contacts close and relay RIU is energized. The energization of relay RIU drops the relays RI to 9 and 4also deenergizes relay R20. When relay K becomes deenergized, relay R2| becomes enernext impulse by closing its R2|b contacts.

The foregoing description has shown how a digit representation of "1 to 9 may be entered into the accumulator, and also how, after relays RI to 9 are energized, the next impulse causes the energization of relay 0, this relay in turn being maintained energized while the accumulator relays RI to 9 were restored to. normal in preparation for new entries in the accumulator.

Whereas the entry of a value into the units order of the accumulator has been described, it would be simply repetition to describe the same for the tens, hundreds and higher orders; that is, adding control magnets l1 associated with the tens, hundreds and higher orders would also be energized at a differential time in the cycle according to value designations on the record card and close contacts -la to effect impulse entries from circuit breaker contacts 9| and through contacts 11b in a manner similar to that already Y described.

As is customary in accumulators of the type disclosed, it is necessary to enter into a denominational order when the next lower orderJ The means provided forpasses from 9 to 0. doing this is termed a "concurrent carry; that is, entry of one into one order due to the next 4gized and prepares the accumulator order for the.

units into the tens order and the other from the tens into the hundreds order.

The circuit arrangement to effect the carry operations Will now be explained. As was previously described, upon the units order passing from "9 to 0, the relay RIU became energized and was maintained energized by cam contacts L3I. During the carry portion of the cycle, magnet is maintained energized by a simple circuit from line 34, wires 26 and 2l, cam contacts L34, carry magnet 85, to line 35. The carry time in the cycle has been shown as the 13th cycle point. At this time carry magnet contacts 85a are closed and when cam contacts L32 close a circuit is completed as follows: line 34, cam contacts L32 now closed, contacts Rlc now closed, carry control contacts 85a now closed, to the -tens order of the accumulator. If the tens order 0f the accumulator were standing at some value between "1 and "8 inclusive, one will be added into this order by means of the customary circuit and cause.the energization of thenext higher value relay. If, however, the tens order was standing at"9, a circuit would be completed as previously traced, and also from the 85a contacts through the R|9c contacts, R9e contacts now closed, further contacts 86a now closed, to the hundreds order of the accumulator. It will be noted that carry magnet 85 is of the multi-contact type and a pair of contacts 85a are located between successive orders of the accumulators.

Assume that the tens orderA has just passed from 9 to "0 previous to the carry. A circuit will then be completed (Figs. 2a, 2b) from line 34, contacts L32, contacts Rlc of the tens order now closed, contacts 85a, now closed, to the hun,- dreds' order. It is necessary to prevent the R|0c contactsv in this case from sending in an extra impulse to the hundreds order when they' close, since these contacts are connected in the carry circuit. The deenergization or relays RI to 9 of the tens order,` which occurred upon the Subtraction may be'performed by this accumu- A latcr and may be controlled for this purpose in various ways', one of which is the so-called X selection method which has already been brieiiy described. The X position on the record cards is the next index point after the 0 position and is analyzed at the 11th. cycle point inthe card feed cycle. For detailed explanation of X selection control from record cards, reference should be made to the previously mentioned U. S. Patent #1,976,6l7. It will, of course, be under stood, that the accumulator may be arranged to subtract every amount entered therein, but the X selection method is suggested as a demonstration of greater ilexibility of application in regard to modern electrical accounting machines and the work which these machines are called upon toperform. l

Assuming the machine is plugged so that X cardsdare to be subtracted, when an upper brush tractve entryduring the following cycle as that same card passes -the lower brushes. -This circuit is as follows: line 34, wires 64 and 65, cam

. contacts LI I, upper brush contact roll I6, value designation of the card, upper brush UB in the corresponding column, plug hub 2|, plug wire connection to plug hub 94 (Fig. 2a near upper left corner), cam contacts L23 now closed, contacts UCLd now closed, relay coil 95 to line 35.

Relay 95 is thus energized and the 95a and 95h contacts will close; the former providing a holding circuit through cam contacts L25 back to line 34 and the. latter causing relay coil 91 to become energized when cam contacts L31 close by the following circuit: line 34, cam contacts L25 now closed, cam contacts L31 now closed, contacts 95h, relay coil 91, to line 35. Cam contacts LI will hold relay 91 energized from the time relay 95 becomes deenergized in one cycle u ntil pastgthe adding portion in the next cycle.

With relay 91 energized, relay-contacts 91d and 91a close to establish an entry circuit to the acnominations] order of the accumulator.

and 21, cam contacts L35 now closed, contacts 91j now closed, relay coil 86, to line 35. Coil 8B is maintained energized until after the carry operation in this same cycle 5' a circuit from line 34, wires 26 and 21, cam contacts L36 now closed, contacts`86a now closed, coil. 86, to line 35. With relay coil 86 energized, the contacts 86h are also closed (Fig. 2b), and -at the carry time in the cycle contacts 85b` are also closed toprovide an entry circuit into the units order of the accumulator as follows: line 34, relay contacts 85h' now closed,.contacts86b now closed, to units order of the accumulator, through next successive set of accumulator relays in the series to line 35.-

Total printing circuits Total printing of `amounts standing 1n the accumulator is provided and is under the control vof relay 14, total print emitter 93, and read-out contacts associated with each of the value relays. The circuits are so arranged that read-out is effected from the last-operated relay in each'deare printed during a reset cycle which, as previously' described, 'may be initiated manually by the depression of the reset key to close contacts ing at the beginning of the subtraction cycle.

Each impulse energizes one further value relay in each of the denominational Aorders of the accumulator which are plugged for entry. When a value designation in the card is encountered by' a lower brush in the corresponding column, the

-feeding of. impulses into the accumulator order to which this column is plugged is abruptlyhalted because the adding control magnet 11 associated with that order becomes energized, thereby opening contacts .11e to break the entry circuit. The making time of breaker contacts 9Ia is slightly delayed as compared with breaker contacts 9| (Fig. 4). This condition is required so that when a value designation is encountered, the entry circuit to the corresponding order of the accumulator may be broken before another subtractive impulse is entered into the accumulator. Also, under the condition in which 9 is being subtracted, it is necessary to prevent any impulses from entering the accumulator.

By the above circuits, then, if .5 was the value to be subtractively entered into one order of the accumulator, breaker contacts 9 la would send out an impulse slightly after each of the cycle points 19u U89 A5791, and 4611. at rE-)spin the cycle the encountering of the 5 designation of the card in the corresponding column, adding control magnet11 becomes energizedas explained above to break the entry circuit by opening its contacts 11e. At this time four impulses have actually been entered in vthis order. Thus, instead of actually subtracting 5, the same result has been is .during this time that-the so-called elusive l one" is entered into the units order.. The elusive one circuit becomes effective onlyin. the cycle following the energization of relay 91. This circuit may be traced as follows: line 34, wires 26 R, or, if the machine is preset accordingly, totals may be taken automatically-after the feed has. been halted at the end of a group of cards. The total print emitter 93 is provided with a pair of brushes 180 apart which are arranged to be driven by the reset mechanism so as to rotate through one-half a revolution on each reset cycle.-

As either of .the brushes passes the segment spots on the emitter, circuits-are completed to the total prntlmagnets inthe event that values corresponding to those segment spots are standing in the Vaccumulator readout mechanism. This type of emitter is of common knowledge in the tabulating art.

A total switch 18 is provided and is manually settable in one of two positions; an oiij position which is the position shown in the diagram (Fig. 2a) or a total position in which brushes 80 bridge contacts 82 and brushes 19 bridge contacts 88. In order to complete circuits toprint magnets 81 it is necessary to energize multi-contact relay magnet 14, and to effect the energize.-

ltion of this relay it is necessary to set switch 18 to the total. position tocomplete a circuit as follows: line v35, relay magnet 14, contacts 84a, switch |00, contacts 82, brush 80, cam contacts P6 now closed, wire 26 to line 34. With magnet 14 energized, contacts .14b close and circuits may be completed to print magnets 8 1 as follows: line 34, print magnet 81, contacts 14h now closed, through normal read-out contacts R9g, R89, R1g,

etc. to the shifted read-out contacts of the last- .operated value relay in the order, emitter 93, circuit breaker contacts 58 (Fig. 2a), switch 56, to line y35. That is, for example, if ,6 is the value standing in theunits order of the accumulator as represented by the fact that relay-R6 is the last-operated relay in that order, read-out con tacts RSg, R89, and R1g are closed as shown, but the read-out contacts associated with relay R6 are shifted so that contacts R89 are open and contacts R6] are closed. This permits a read-out circuit at the 6 time in the total cycle from line 34, print magnet 81, contacts 14h, now closed,

contacts R99, R89 and`R1g, contacts RGf, now closed, emitter 93, circuit breaker contacts 58, switch 56, to line 35. Switch 56 is provided so Totals that all total printing may be suppressed by inanually setting this switch to itsoi position to prevent the establishing of the above circuit. Whenever total printing is desired, it is necessary .to have this switch in the position shown in the diagram (Fig. 2a).

lf at the end of a series of subtractions and additions of amounts into an accumulator, a complementary amount remains therein, provision is made whereby total printing may be prevented. This is effected by shifting switch to its dotted line position so that the circuit to energize relay 14 contains in this case the series contacts Rsm of the hundreds order, since this is the highest order of the accumulator being used. It must be assumed that this order is being used for balance control only, i. e. not for adding. A 9 standing in this position indicates a complementary amount Iand will prevent the energization of relay 14. If any other value is standing in the hundreds order, the relay 14 will be energized by a circuit from line 35, relay magnet 14, contacts 84a, contacts Rsm, switch |00 in dotted line position, switch 18, cam contacts P8 now closed, to positive line 34.

A simple electrical resetting means is provided for clearing the accumulator. On the reset cycle, relay magnet 50 is energized, as has been already explained under the heading of General machine circuits so that contacts 50a are closedf'and, with switch 18 set to its total position a circuit is completed to energize relay 8| as follows: line 35, contacts 50a now closed, relay coil 8|, contacts 88 and brushes 19 of switch 18, conductor 26, to line 34. The energization of relay coil 8| causes contacts 8|a to open (Fig. 2b) and remain open during the reset cycle. These contacts are in the circuit which maintains all the value relays energized. When con-l tacts 8|a open, however, the value relays are not deenergized immediately because cam contacts P|2 by-pass these contacts until a point later in the cycle after the totals have been read-out.

`When contacts P|2 open all the accumulator re- Summary of operation It has been shown that the accumulator comprises a plurality of orders, each of which has for its structure a series-of sets of companion relays and interconnecting circuits. Multiple timed impulses are fed into the accumulator and successively energize a plurality of relays therein. On adding, the number of impulses entered in any one order is equal to the value of the digit represented by these impulses. Cn subtracting, a complement number of impulses are automatically entered to energize successively further relays in the series. Each impulse entered into an order causes the energization of an entry control sists of additional contacts controlled by the value relays, and an emitter for imparting impulses to the print magnets at a differential time in the total cycle. Resetting means for the accumulator consists of contacts which open during the resetting cycle and break the holding circuits to all accumulator relays, thereby clearing the accumulator .of totals that were Istanding therein.

While there has been shown and described and pointed out the fundamental novel features of the invention as applied to a single modification, itwill be understood that various omissions and substitutions and changes in the form and details of the device illustrated and in its operation may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. It is the intention therefore to be limited only as indicated by the scope of the following claims. v

What is claimed is:

l. In a cyclically operating accounting machine controlled by a. record having value designations differentially located thereon in accordance with the magnitude of the digit values, in combination, means for analyzing said record while in motion for said value designations during a cycle, an impulse circuit including circuit breaker contacts capable of causing intermittent energization of the circuit to initiate a predetermined number oi impulses in succession corresponding to the highest digit value within said cycle, a control relay including contacts in said circuit operated under the control of the analyzing means upon analysis of one of said value designations for conditioning the circuit for initiation of impulses by the circuit breaker contacts at a differential time in the cycle depending on the location of the latter-value designation on the record, whereby a succession of impulses dependent in number upon the location of said value designation is effectively initiated during the remainder of the aforesaid cycle, a series of pairs of' relays, each pair including an entry control relay and a value manifesting relay, means for directing the first of said succession of impulses to an entry control relay of one of the pairs of relays in the series, means controlled by the latter relay upon receiving an impulse for operating the companion value relay, means controlled by 'said value relay upon becoming energized for maintaining itself inan operated condition and to cause deenergization of the operated entry control relay upon interruption of' the first impulse, and means controlledvby the latter entry control andA value relays for routing the next impulse to the next entry control relay, whereby the pairs ofrelays are operated in progression from one digit value position to another until av number of progressive operations are performed corresponding to the number of impulses the magnitude of the analyzed value.

relay which in turn effects the energization of its companion value relay. When any order passes from 9 to 09, relay representing digits l to 9" become concurrently and automatically deenergized. Electrical carry means is provided so that, upon one order passing from 9" to 0, a carry impulse is entered into the next higher order. Total taking means is provided and con- 2. In an accounting machine controlled by a record having digit value representations thereon, in combination, value sensing means for sensing said digit values, an impulse circuit including means capable of emitting'a predeter value relays and an individual entry control relay accompanying each of said value relays, one or the entry control relays being responsive to the impulse circuit so as to be operated by the first impulse, means controlled by the latter entry control relay upon operation thereof for causing its related value'relay also to become energized by the first impulse, means controlled by the latter value relay upon becoming energized to maintain itself i'n an operated condition and to cause deenergization of the operated entry control relayl upon interruption of the iirst impulse, means controlled by the latter value relay and entry control relay for routing succeeding impulses from the impulse emitting means to other entry control relays Yfor energizing said other entry control relaysand their related value relays in succession, whereby a progression ol. successive operations of said relays of one ordinal value after another is continued a number of times corresponding to the magnitude of the sensed value.

3. In an accounting machine controlled by a record having digit value representations difierentially located thereon according to th'fe magnitudes of `the digit values, in combination, analyzing means for analyzing said value representations on said record, a normally ineffective impulse circuit including repeatedly operating contacts capable of closing said circuitA inter,- mittently to initiate impulses, means controlled by the analyzing means upon analysis of a value representation for rendering said impulse circuit etective for the initiation by said contacts of a succession of impulses dependent in number upon the location of the analyzed digit value, an ordinal series of value relays and an individual entry control relay accompanying each of said value relays, one of the entry control relays having initial connection with the impulse circuit so as to Ibe operated by the first impulse, means controlled by the latter entry control relay upon operation thereof for causing its related value relay also to become energized by the rst impulse, means controlled by the latter value relay upon becoming energized to `maintain itself energized and to effect deenergization of the operated entry control relay upon termination of the iirst impulse, means controlled by the latter value relay and entry control relay for routing succeeding impulses originating as an incident to the operation of the contacts of the impulse` casacca circuit to other entry control relays for energizing said other entry control relays and their related value relays in succession, whereby a progression of successive operations of said relays of one ordinal value afteranother is continued a number of times corresponding to the magnitude of the analyzed value. l

d. In a cyclically operating accounting machine controlled by arecord having digit value representations differentially located thereon according to the magnitude oi the digit values, in combination, analyzing means for analyzing said record while in motion for said value representations, an impulse circuit including circuit breaker contacts capable of causing intermittent closing of: said circuit so as to generate a number of impulses equivalent to the highest of said digit values during a cycle, means controlled by the analyzing means upon analysis of a value representation for rendering said Fimpulse circuit eifective at a differential time ior the generation of a succession of impulses dependent in number upon the location of the analyzed value upon repeated operations of the circuit breaker contacts during the remainder of the cycle, an ordinal series of value relays and Van individual entry control relay operatively connected to each of said value relays, one of the entry control relays being included in the impulse circuit for the initial impulse so as to be actuated thereby, means controlled by thelatter entry control relay upon actuation thereof for rcausing its related value relay also to become energized by the first impulse, means controlled by the latter value relay upon becoming energized to maintain itself energized and toeiect deenergization of the operated entry control relay upon termination of the initial impulse, means under control l of the latter value relay and entry control relay for-,directing succeeding impulses originatingas an incident to the operation of the circuit breaker contacts during the remainder of the cycle to other entryfcontrol relays for energizing said other entry control relays and their related value relays in succession, whereby a progression of successive operations of said relays of one ordinal value is continued a number of times dependent upon the number of impulses actually generated during the cycle which correspond in number to the magnitude of the analyzed value.'

JAMES W. BRYCE.

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