US227813A - Steam-boiler and furnace - Google Patents

Description

.W. MOORE. Steam Boiler and Furnace.

No. 227,813. l Patented `May 18, 1,880.

. UNITED STATES "PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM MOORE, OF KOKOMO, INDIANA.

STEAM-BOILER AND FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 227,813, dated May 18, 1880.

Application filed February 5, 1880.'

corn-stalks, brush, &c., are used for generating steam.

It consists in a certain combination and or-` ganization of parts, as will be hereinafter more fully set forth.

\ My invention is embodied in the mechanism illustrated in the drawings accompanying this speciiication, in which- Figure l is a front-end elevation of my improved boiler. Fig. 2 is a rear-end elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a central vertical longitudinal section of the same. cal cross-sectionof same, taken through the furnace; and Fig. 5 is a vertical cross-section taken through therear smoke-arch.

In the illustration of my invention I hav shown a boiler, A, of the improved Cornish type, having a main or fire-box iiue, B, and return-dues C. The main flue B is arranged eccentrically with the shell of the boiler, with which it is united at the bottom, this form of boiler possessing the advantage of admitting a large main flue, and` therefore being best adapted for portable use for farm purposes.

Within the mainiiue B is the grate G, which in the present instance is a water-grate of approved construction, suspended at the rear end by a connec rig-pipe, g, encirclingthe airiiue E, herein afteiigidescribed, and thereby forming a partial partition between the fire-box proper and the .liuc-space in rear, which has the function of the bridge-Wall of the ordinary boiler-settings. rlhe air-flue E, thussuspended in the loop ofthe pipe g., extends rearward in i the center of the main flue B, and connects with the air-space of the chambered boilerheadD. The lower part of the main flue B,

extending in rear of the grates, is divided off- Fig. 4 isa verti-,

duct, and at the same` time a protection for` the joint between the flue and boiler.

The head D is formed by double walls, inclosing a space, which Ithus utilize for heating air to-be supplied to the fire.` The outer wall of the head D is perforated above for the` admission of air, and the inner Wall is provided with openings corresponding with the described fair-ducts E and F, with which the head-connects.: I also provide a damper, L, sliding within the head D and controlling the aperture of duct E, and operated by a suitable handle projecting through the onterwall.

The head D Amay be connected With the boilerV by hinges, and so arranged that close joints may be formed with the ends of the ducts E and F by contact merely and is provided'with a man-hole opposite the due E, for cleaning, Sto.- In case, however, :an ordinary boiler-head or a water-head is used the airducts may pass through and take air from the outside', or in the case of a stationary boiler the air may be drawn through suitable ducts arranged in 'the setting; but for portable boilwaste heat,but also protects the head from the intense heat.

A steam -jet.pipe, S, arranged to convey steam from the boiler, passes down through the smoke- 4arch and terminates in the duct E, discharging toward the furnace. It is provided with a controlling-valve, spoperated by a rod, H, extending forwardwithin vconvenient reach of the attendant.

The duct E atits forward end is provided with a nozzle, N, preferably of conical form, and of cast-iron or other material suitablefor withstanding great heat, perforated on all sides with small holes, and projecting sufficiently forward above the grate to form a hind of sus-` taining-finger for the light fuel, such as straw, &c., to prevent its packing, and at the same time to deliver the heated air or superheated steam, or both, directly to the central portions of theincandescent fuel.

Instead of a single nozzle, N, two or more may be used, with suitable branching pipes connecting with the air-duct E; but in general one is sufcient.

I provide the front end of the main flue B with a double head, O, the outer wall of which is perforated above for the admission of air, which passes around the connecting-casing of the door-aperture and downward through the perforated cross-bar, on which it rests, and which forms also the supportfor the front ends of the grate-bars. That portion of the flue B below the supporting-bar is closed by a door, K, which is hinged below upon suitable cleats attached to the projecting end of the nue. I provide also an aperture through the flue and boiler-shell beneath the grate, which is closed by a movable damper, J. The openings j and k are only used for removing the heavy residue o f combustion, and at all other times are kept closed.

The operation is as follows: The fire being built in the usual manner upon the grate, the damper L being open, the air-supply is drawn in through the double head D, whence it passes through both ducts F and E, the former t supplying air beneath the grates and the latter in the body of fuel upon the grates. This air, which is partially heated in passing through the head D, becomes highly superheated in passing through these ducts, which lie through the entire length of the boiler in the path of and in contact with the heated products of combustion,yetin such relation thereto as not to deprive the heating-surfaces of the boiler of their proper effect.

When desired, a jet of steam may be admitted through the pipe s, which thus not only acts as a blower to draw more air through the tube E, but itself becomes superheated, and in such condition causes a most intense combustion of the incandescent fuel into which it is discharged. Steam alone may be admitted through the tube E by closing the damper L.

The beneficial effect of my improvement is greatest in connection with light fuels of the kind described, the combustion of which with cold air is very imperfect, as practical experience has abundantly shown.

In ordinary cases a large portion of fuels, such as straw, Snc., is only charred, and left unconsumed as a residue, fillingA up the ash-pit and combustion-chamber. In using such fuels I attain a perfect combustion by my improvements,the only residue being a fine ash inthe form of an almost impalpable dust, which is carried off through the stack without sparks. This result is mainly due to the fact that in finely-divided fuels the preliminary combustion is sudden and explosive, and the gases do not become sufficiently' heated to ignite where cold air is used; but where superheated air is used the gases are not cooled below the point ofignition, but are immediately iniamed, thus producing a clear white iiame, with intense heat, free from smoke.

I have also discovered that the introduction of a small jet of superheated steam, or of steam and air, to the path of the heated gases at the beginning-point of their combustion greatly augments the intensity of their combustion. This I accomplish by the use of the nozzle before described and by the valve, by which the quantity of steam or air may be regulated by the attendant according to the dryness of the fuel or other conditions of use.

The air-ducts E and F may be perforated at intervals in their length, to permit egress of air at other points in the path of the gases of combustion, in order to insure their thorough ignition during their passage through the ue.

Having described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. In a steam-boiler, the combination, with the main flue B, of one or more air-heating tubes, E, leading the air above the grate, and bottom flue, F, for passing the air under the grate, all constructed and arranged as shown and specified.

2. In a steam-boiler, the combination, with main flue B, of oneor more heating-tubes, E, provided with conical perforated dischargenozzle N and sliding valve L, constructed and arranged substantially as shown, and for the purpose 'set forth.

3. In a steam-boiler, the combination, with the main flue B, of one or more heating-tu`bes, E, provided with perforated discharge-nozzle N and sliding valve L, bottom flue, F, and

Achambered head D, all constructed and arranged substantially as described.

4. In a steam-boiler, the combination of the main ue B, placed eccentrically with one or more heating-tubes, E, provided with perforated discharge-nozzle N and valve L, and supported on its inner end by a water-partition or bridge-wall, and its outer end connected to the chambered partition D, all constructed and arranged substantially as specified.

5. In a steam-boiler, the combination of the main flue B and one or more heating-tubes, E, and bottom flue, F, with the furnace and a chambered head, O, through which the air is passed above the furnace-door to the lower side of the grate, and thereby heated, constructed substantially as shown and specified.

6. The combination, in a boiler and main flue, B, of one or more heating-tubes, E, provided with perforated head N and controlling-valve L, with steam-jet pipes S and the hinged chambered head D, all constructed and arranged substantially as shown, and for the purpose set forth.

7. The combination, in the boiler A, of the tubes C, the main flue B, heating-tubes E, bottom flue, F, Water-circulating bridge-wall g, chambered heads D and O, steam-jet pipe S, hollow grate-bars G, and damper J, all constructed and arranged as shown and described.

S. In combination with a boiler havinga main iue eccentrically arranged therein in contact with the boiler-shell at the bottom, the

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ue F, formed by an arched plate dividing olf F, all arranged substantially as and for the 1o the bottom oi' the main liue for the protection purpose described. of the joint and for air-heating purposes, sub- In testimony whereof I have hereunto set stantially as described. my hand this 15th day of January, 1880.

9. rEhe combination of the chambered boilerhead D and air-ducts E and F, all arranged A WILIAM MOORE' substantially as and for the purpose described. 10. The damper L, in combination With the chambered boiler-head D and air-ducts E and Witnesses A. F. ARMSTRONG, J. MCLEAN MOULDER.

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