US2275355A

US2275355A - Pump and air separator

Info

Publication number: US2275355A
Application number: US204922A
Authority: US
Inventors: Walter S Finken
Original assignee: BJOURNULF JOHNSEN
Current assignee: BJOURNULF JOHNSEN
Priority date: 1938-04-28
Filing date: 1938-04-28
Publication date: 1942-03-03
Anticipated expiration: 1959-03-03

Description

March 3,1942.

Filed Apfil 28, 1938 w. s. FINKEN PUMP AND AIR SEPARATOR FIG. 1.

'7 Sheets-Sheet 1 \NVENTOR WALTER 6'. f'l/V/lE/V ATTORNEYS March, 3, 1942.

s. FINKEN PUMP AND AIR SEPARATOR Filed April 28, 19:58

7Sheets-Shee'p 2 ATTORNEYS March 3,1942. 5 w. s. FINKEN 2,275,355

PUMP AND AIR SEPARATOR Filed April 28, 1938 '7'Shee'ts-Sheet 5 7 FIG. 4.

FIG. 3.

- INVENTOR WALTER 6'. FIN/(EN ATTORNEYS March 3, 1942. w, s, FINK'EN- 275,355

5 BUMP ANb AIR SEPARATOR Filed April 28, 1938 '7 Sheets-Sheet-4 FIGQS;

INVENTOR WALTER S F/A/lfE/V @ZHQIIJ ATTORNEYS March 3, 1942.- w. s. FINKEN I 2,275,355

I PUMP AND AIR SEPARATOR- Filed April 28, I938 7 She ets-Sheet 5 lNV WALTER $1 F/N/IEN v I BY ,4 I iQAxz fi ag flmmma TORNEYS March 3, 1942. w. s. FINKEN 2,275,355

PUMP AND AIR SEPARATOR 7 Filed April 28, 1938 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 4 FIG. 10.

11 as '-'i lNvENTdR WALTER $.Fl/V/fEN ATTO RNEYS March 3, 1942. w. s. FINKEN ,3 5

PUMP AND AIR SEPARATOR Filed April 28, 1958 TSheets-Sheet 7 INVEN'FOR MLTER S. F/N/fE/V Y ATTORNEYS Patented Mar. 3, 1942 I PUMP AND AIR SEPARATOR Walter S. Finken, Brooklyn, N. Y., assignor of one-half to Bjournulf Johnsen, Summit, N. J.

Application April 28, 1938, Serial No. 204,922

11 Claims. (o1. 1os 1s6) This invention relates to methods and apparatus for removing gases from liquids. While devices of this character have wide-spread applicability, the device of this invention will probably find its greatest usefulness as a so-called air eliminator for gasoline meter pumps.

The primary object of this invention is the removal of free air, non-condensable gases and soluble air from liquids under various temperatures and pressures. To accomplish this general object, the eliminating device of this invention takes into consideration and makes use of the natural laws governing the gasification or vaporization of liquids at the various temperatures and pressures, to the end that the liquid is delivered from the device at its maximum density corresponding to that of the temperature of the surrounding atmosphere.

The invention relatesto both the method of and apparatus for the elimination of gases from liquids.

The invention also has to do with an instrumentality which is practical from the-standpoint of ease and cheapness of manufacture and compactness and eillciency in operation. 7

"These and other objects of the invention and the means for their attainment will be more apparent from the following detailed description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings illustrating one embodiment by which the invention may be realized and in which:

Figure 1 is a somewhat schematic View showing a typical liquid handling system to illustrate the various points at. which liquids may become charged with a gaseous medum and how it is removed in accordance with this invention;

Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view, taken in a vertical axial plane, showing the gaseous medium eliminating device of this invention, and taken in the plane indicated by the line 22 of Figure 3, and looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure 3 is a transverse vertical sectional view of the device of Figure 2, taken in the plane indicated by the line 33 of Figure 2 and looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure 4 is a fragmentary view, on an enlarged scale, showing details of a vent and liquid seal incorporated in the structure shown in Figure 3; v t

Figure 5 is a transverse sectional view showing the accumulator for the gaseous medium which has been removed from the liquid by the apparatus of this invention, the view being taken in the plane indicated by the line 5-5 of Figure 2 and looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure 6 is a fragmentary detailed sectional view, showing a modified form of safety valve which may be substituted for the safety valve shown in the structure of Figure 3;

Figure '7 is a transverse horizontal sectional view taken in the' plane indicated by the line 11 of Figure 2 and looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure 8 is a fragmentary view, on an enlarged scale, showing the release valve permitting the escape of the separated gases-from the accumulator, which release valve isv shown in smaller scale in the upper portion of the structure of Figure 2;

Figure 9 is a fragmentary transverse vertical sectional view showing the passage delivering aerated liquids to the air separator taken in the plane indicated by the line 9-9.of Figure 7 and looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure 10 is a view on an enlarged scale showing details of the pump rotor and eliminating device of Figures 2 and '7, parts being removed in the interest of clearness;

Figure 11 is a transverse sectional view taken in the plane indicated by the line ll-H of Figure .10 and looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure 12 is a fragmentary transverse sectional view taken in the plane indicated by the line l2l2 of Figure 10 and looking in the direction of the arrows; and I Figure 13 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view showing a modified form taken by the invention.

For an understanding of the invention wherein liquid is delivered or obtained at a maximum density at atmospheric temperature, consideration will first be had of the condition of the liquid at various stages in its travel from a receptacle, such as a tank within the ground, to the point of delivery, such as a valve or nozzle.

In Figure 1, the structure there shown includes all parts or instrumentalities usually foundin a gasoline dispensing device whereby the cycle of the liquid from the time of its delivery into a storage tank beneath the ground to its discharge through the valve controlled nozzle on the end of a delivery hose into, say, the fuel tank of an automobile, may be illustrated. This same cycle is followed substantially in all dispensing of fluid from a storage tank. Assume that a tank 20, located below the surface of the ground, is to be filled, with liquid from an outside source, through an inlet pipe 22. It is common practice to pour or pump the liquid into the inlet pipe of the tank at a smaller volume than the volumetric capacity of the inlet pipe. Such method of delivery has an aerating effect and permits the liquid to absorb air or other gases in quantities corresponding to the temperature of the liquid.

While there is no authentic data giving the solubility of air in gasoline, the same phenomena is present in all liquids. The following table shows the absorptive properties of air by water expressed as cubic feet of dry air at standard conditions in one cubic foot of water, as found by such authorities as Winkler, .Ilanclol-t-Brnstein-Roth tables.

The absorption of air in water .isalsoaproblem where boiler feed water is to be handled ,andthe present invention is equallyapplicable in that situation also.

Returning now to the apparatus illustrated, the aerated liquid delivered .or deposited :in-the tank 20 remains in this aerated conditionuntil acted upon by outside forces. .To remove the liquid from the tank, a suction pipe24 is usually introduced through .the top of the tank .20 and a pump 26 applied to the upper .end .ofthepipe. It is necessary .to remove theair inthe suction pipe, thereby lowering the pressure on theliquid, before an upwardflow. in the. pipe can .be created, as will be understood. To cause the liquid to flow, there must, of course, be an imbalanced pressure. The direction of thedlow of the liquid is toward the lower pressure. .As the difference between the high pressure. and the low pressure increases, the rate of flow increases. This .is

common knowledgabut one which is frequently I overlooked .in the design .of air.eliminating .devices. -When the pump 26 operates, it creates a subatmospheric pressure or-degree ,of vacuum in the pump chamber. Because .of .this subatmospheric pressure, the pressure of .the .atmosphere is exerted on the surface of the liquidin tank 20 through the .tank vent pipe 21 which is open .to the atmosphere through the ventcap 128. The atmospheric pressure .on the surface .of the liquid causes the liquid to rise through the foot valve 29 and suction pipe 24 .to thepump. .It must be remembered that water, at approximately 101 will boil or vaporize when'subjected to twenty-eight inches of vacuum and that no watercan be lifted or pumpedif the pump suction creates a vacuum "greater thantwentyeight inches because at that 'subatmospheric pressure the water would be completely'vaporized. Volatile liquid, such'as gasoline, vaporizes, of course, at a still lower vacuum. It therefore follows'that liquid under a vacuum is less dense and ismore gasified as the pressure decreases. As, therefore, we attempt to lift liquid by pump suction, its tendencyis to .become gasified and the result is that the liquid becomes :charged with gaseous medium. In addition, the liquid will be supercharged with free air entering through leaking joints in the suction pipe 24 leading from tank 20 if the joints in the pipe are not sealed. The gaseous medium entrained in the liquid is removed by this invention.

Generally speaking, in an apparatus of the type shown in Figure 1, the liquid is pumped from the tank 20 and delivered through a discharge pipe 30 to a metering device shown as a meter 3| having an indicator and/or recorder =32 which indicates the amount of liquid which has been pumped from the tank 20 and delivered through the meter into the pipe 34. The indicating device 32 is provided with devices 33 movable in proportion to the quantities of liquid passing through the meter 3| into pipe 34. The pipe 34 conveys the liquid from the meater 3| to aflow indicating device 36 which usually takes the form of a transparent container, within which vanes turn as the liquid flows from the entering pipe 34 into the outlet pipe 38 to thereby give a visual indication that the liquid is flowing. The delivery pipe 38 may, if desired, be controlled by a valve 40, such as the valve in the nozzle on the'end of the hose of a gasoline meter pump although, of course, the device, as a whole, as shown in Figure 1, is representative of any delivering and measuring system as in a tank wagon or even where the tank 20 is a reservoir, while the valve 40 may represent a faucet or other tap. The complete system is shown because such elements as the liquid flow indicator 36 and the valve 40, when it is manipulated, are factors responsible for the inaccuracies of the meter reading due to the fact that they cause turbulence in the stream of liquid flowing through

pipes

30, 34,08, etc. and thus tend to contribute to the aeration of the liquid and inaccuracies in the measurement of the volume of liquid flowing through the system.

In the illustrated embodiment, the pump 26 may be considered as a combined pump and centrifuge, shown in a horizontal position. The purpose of .thisiunit 26 is to pump the liquid from the tankfl] and then deliver this liquid at its maximum density through the discharge pipe 30 into themetering device 3|. The metering device 3! registers the amount of liquid of the maximum density, at the atmospheric temperature, that has been pumped from the tank 20.

Referring "now toFigures 2 and 3, the rotor of the pump, indicated at 42, is of generally cylindricalform and'is'provided with radial vanes 44, the 'rotor'cylinder being fixed at one end to a hub or disk-4'5-pinned,'as at 46, to the shaft 41. The shaft passes throughthepump casing 48 and, conveniently, a-stufiing box 49 therein and carries, at its outward end, a pulley 50 whereby the rotor may be rotated from a motor 5| by the belt 52. The pump rotor 42 is eccentrically mounted in pump chamber 53 in the housing 48 as shown in Figure 3, and communicates, on its inlet side, with an inlet and priming chamber 54. The inlet and priming chamber 54 receives the liquid pumped from the tank 20 through the pipe 24 and sediment chamber 55, the liquid passing through the screen or filter 56 before it enters the priming chamber 54.

.On the discharge side of the pump chamber, the housing 48 is formed with a discharge chamber 60 having an outlet 62 to which may be secured a U-shaped conduit-64 conductingthe liquid delivered by the pump rotor 42 into a cone shaped passage 66 shown in plan and section, re-

spectively, in Figures '7 and 9. The passage 65 serves as a liquid nozzle and is formed in aclosure member 68 for the side of the pump rotor casing 48. The closure member 68 is formed with a cylindrical recess 18 on the axis of the rotor, which serves as a bearing fora correspondingly shaped portion H on a revolving cone 13 carried within the rotor cylinder 42. The rotor cone I3 is formed axially with a cylindrical bore or chamber 16 in register with a chamber 18 of corresponding diameter in the closure member 68 into which the nozzle 66 enters tangentially so that liquid entering at increased velocity is given a whirling motion about the axis of the chamber 18. The passage 16 is of a gradually increasing volumetric capacity toward the end of the cone opposite to that at'which liquid enters from the nozzle 56. Through the bore of the cone 13 and the chamber 18 and in spaced relation to the walls thereof passes a cylindrical passage or tube 88 which is mounted at one end on a perforated head 81 on the hub 45 and at the other end turns in a bearing 82 in an end cap formed with an end closure 83 forming receiving chamber 84 into which the tubular passage 88 opens, as will more fully hereinafter appear.

The frusto-conical revolving cone l3, see Figures 10, 11 and 12, is fixed to a cylindrical member 86 mounted, proximate the hub 45, on the inside of the cylindrical rotor 42 and is adapted to rotate therewith, the cone being positioned in spaced relation therefrom by spaced lugs or arms 88 defining passages therebetween and the upper end or end of smaller diameter ofthe frustoconical member 13 is slotted at intervals, as at 98, to facilitate the passage of liquid from the bore 18 into the space 9| within the cylindrical member or bushing 86. The arms 88 define passages leading from the space 8| to the space 93 outwardly of the cone 13 and within the rotor 42.

Communicating with the space 93 within the cylindrical wall of the rotor 42 and the outer surface of the revolving cone l3 and at the end of the rotor opposite to the bushing 86 is a cylindrical or annular passage 94 formed in the closure member 68 into which the aforesaid space 93 opens, as at 95, and which in turn opens into a passage 86 also formed in the closure member 68 and in communicating relation with the meter 3| through the pipe 38, as shown in Figure'Z.

It will be appreciated that when the rotor 42 is revolved it creates a subatmospheric pressure or degree of vacuum in the chamber'54 (Figure 3) so that atmospheric pressure through the vent pipe 21 on the surface of the liquid in the tank 28 causes the liquid to rise through the foot valve 29 and suction pipe 24 to the sediment chamber 55 where it passes through the filter 56 to the chamber 54 thereby creating a primed condition of the pump. In order to maintain a lower pressure in the chamber 54, under that of thehead pressure on the liquid in the pump (this pressure may be atmospheric pressure or hydrostatic pressure depending upon the relative location of the tank with respect to the pump), the cubical displacement of the revolving rotor must provide, in the space 53, a greater volumetric capacity than in the chamber 54 whereby the pressure therein is less than in the chamber 54. The ratio of these two pressures, i. e., that in the space 53 as compared with that in the chamber 54, determines the amount of liquid at maximum density that the pump is capable of discharging. It will be recognized that, as the liquid in the tank 28 is being elevated to chamber 54, as a result of the pumping effect of the rotor 42, the liquid in chamber 54 will be under a partial vacuum. As the liquid has an initial pressure under atmospheric pressure, any decrease in pressure to which this liquid may be subjected will decrease its boiling point and result in an increase in its vaporization. The maximum density, therefore, of the liquid in chamber 54 is less than that in the tank 28. Therefore, to cause a flow of liquid from the priming chamber 54 to the space 53, the pressure in the space 53 must be less than that in the chamber 54. As the pressure is less, and there being no change in temperature, the boiling point of the liquid is lowered and the maximum density of the liquid in the chamber 53 becomes lower than that in the priming chamber 54. The vanes 44 of the rotor, of course, convey the liquid into the outlet chamber 68.

Now it must be noted that if the liquid discharged into the chamber 68 were permitted to pass directly into a metering device 3|, the metering device 3| would record the cubical discharge of the pump consisting of liquid and gases. To remove these gases is the purpose of this invention and to thisend the liquid and its contained gases is conducted from the outlet chamber 68 through the conduit 64 into the nozzlelike passage 65 where the nozzle effect of this chamber causes the liquid to acquire a whirling motion in the cylindrical space 18. Liquid in the space 18, still whirling, is forced into and through the bore 16 of the revolving cone 13.

During the passage of the'liquid through the space 16 in the rotating cone T3 the rotating effect of the cone "I3 causes a centrifugal force to be exerted within the liquid, forcing the liquid, which is' relatively heavy, to the periphery of the space 18 against the wall of the bore in the cone l3 and thereby the gases contained within the entering liquid are collected at the axis of the bore, that is, along the outer surface of the tubular passage 88. These gases follow the direction of flow along the outside of the tube 88 and through the passages 91 in the hub 8| into which the tubular member 88 extends and through which tube 88 the gases are led to the chamber 84, the casing of which is shown as removably carried on the outer end of closure 68. The tube 88 is tapered from left to right, as viewed, whereby the velocity of the liquid is increased and a suction created.

The space 8| within the cylindrical bushing 86 is designed to have a capacity greater than the capacity of the passage 16 so that the movement of the liquid to the discharge pipe 38 will proceed slowly and thereby result in a decrease in the velocity of the liquid as it passes from space 16 to the discharge pipe 38. This decrease of velocity of the liquid permits a more thorough separation of the liquid and gases as the liquid proceeds through the chamber 16 on its way tothe discharge pipe 38.

The greater radius of chamber 93, as compared to the preceding passages, results in still further separation of any remaining gases from the liquid because of the greater centrifugal forc on the liquid in chamber 83. The gases, being lighter, accumulate along the surface of the cone 13. The return of these gases to outlet passage 88 is facilitated by slots or channels 98 of progressively increasing depth toward the head 8|, which conduct the gases separated from the liquid (because of the increased centrifugal actiton of the chamber 93 over that of the channel 16) back to the the revolving mass of the liquid and the metal of the cone'and rotor (Figure 10) causesthe relatively heavy dense or gas-free liquidto "be forced to the periphery of chamber I8, I5, 9| and 93 and forces the aerated liquid, which is in major part gaseous medium and in mall part liquid, to

flow through the channel 80 to the chamber 84.

From the space 93, the gas-free liquid or liquid at its maximum density at atmospheric temperature is discharged into the space '36 from which it is piped, by pipe 30, direct to the meter 3!. Care should be taken to connect the meter 3I with the space '90 with as short a communicating passage as feasible.

Turning now toFigures 2 and 5, the accumulation of gases and aerated liquids, collected in the air chamber 84, is conducted by passages IOI, I02 to the accumulator I00. These passages IOI, I02 are of gradually or progressively decreasing crosssectional area, whereby the velocity of the gases is increased. The accumulator comprises generally three concentric walls I03, I05 and H0. The concentric annular wall I I constitutes an accumulator bucket into which the progressively restricted passage I02 enters eccentrically at the periphery whereby the aerated fluid passing through channel I02 into the bucket H0 assumes a whirling motion. This whirling motion is assisted by the provision of a conical or pyramidal structure II I centrally of the bottom of the bucket. The wall I forms part of an-inverted cup-shaped structure the closed top portion I 06 of which carries an outwardly directed flange I01 adapted to be supported on a companion flange I04 on the outer wall I03, there being sealing means II2 between the'flanges I01 and I04. Fluid, principally gases, both condensible and non-condensible are discharged from the pump into this inner bucket H0, II I wherein the fluid assumes a whirling motion, and fills to the top of wall I and overflows, filling the space I08 between walls I09 and H0 to form a liquid seal into which the wall I05 extends. The whirling motion of the liquid before filling the liquid seal I03, II 0 separates the gases from the liquid. The gases accumulate in the air space I I3 within the top I06 and are then discharged through ports H4, Figure 8, into space H6 defined by an upstanding inwardly threaded cylindrical wall II'I. If accumulator I00 is not flooded, the float II8 of float valve H0, 9 will be in lowermost or air open position and will permit the accumulated gases to pass through port I adapted to be closed by valve H9 and formed in a threaded plug-like portion I2I of an upper seal member shown as casting I26, and escape to the atmosphere by raising vacuum disc I22 normally closing passage I20. Disc I22 is retained in position by cap I24, perforated, as at I25, to permit the escape of gases when disc I22 has been lifted. This cap I 24 is conveniently threaded on to a cylindrical flangel21 surrounding the passage I20.

'In the event there is not sufficient non-condensible gases or free air to fillair space I I3, disc i 22 will remain seated and prevent atmospheric pressurefrom entering space II3 to exert a pressure on the liquid in the liquid seal I08. By so doing the condensible gases are condensed on the walls-of :upper seal casing I06 and form a partial vacuum. When the vacuum is formed, the liquid'rises and lifts thefloat H8 and closes valve port I20. This port will remain closed until the vacurun in chamber '3 is broken by an accumulation of the non condensible gases. When-this vacuum is broken a pressure will be created andthe liquid level will be lowered permitting'valve port I20 to open.

Liquid seal I08 is-provided with a vent I30 (Figure 4) consisting, in 'theillustrated embodiment, of a ball va1ve,seated to prevent air binding of the seal.

A fully automatic safety valve I32 (Figure 3) or a semi-automatic safety valve I34 (Figure 6) is provided for the sealing chamber I08 to prevent gases other than the gases entrained in the liquid from entering the pump suction and breaking the pump suction. Thus, a churning condition is prevented which would otherwise be created between the suction side and discharge side of the pump,-as is common in-existing pumps, and which would prevail were the by-pass safety valve connected directly between the discharge piping and suction piping. The position of this safety valve I32 (or I34) permitsthe unit to be operated under low pressure and maximum delivery volume.

The disc I'38 of valve I32, Figure 3, is perforated at I36. This permits a flow of liquid which will maintain the suction pipe :24 primed in the event of a faulty foot valve'29 ordefective joints in the suction line 24. As there is a limit to the amountof, air or gases which liquid can absorb, opening I36 in valve disc I38, Figure 3, is provided to maintain a constant flow of gas entrained liquid out of chamber 93.

In some situations, it may be found desirable toprevent an excessive amount of air, which may be drawn into the pump suction when the pump is in operation, from being discharged with the liquid to the metering device. This might result, should the liquid in the storage tank 20 be lowered to a level below the seat of the foot-valve because the breaking of the liquid seal around the foot Valve would permit air to enter the suction pipe. It might also result from air .entering at any point on the suction side of the pump, such as a leaky joint or a ruptured suction pipe.

Provision may therefore, if desired, be made for the creation of a liquid seal by the centrifugal action of the liquid within the rotor.

As before, when liquid is pumped into channel 76 the rotating motion of the cone I3 sets up a centrifugal force within the liquid, forcing the heavy substances toward the periphery of the chamber and lighter substances or gas toward thecenter. As the velocity of the liquid flowing through channel 'IIi fluctuates with the discharge volume of the pump, the velocity of the liquid that has passed through channel '16 is reduced in chamber 9| to permit a maximum centrifugal action to be set up within the liquid. This results in a further separation of the air or gases from the liquid. The :air or gas is forced through apertures 91" into the tube 8.0 from where it is led to the atmosphere.

In the modification of Figure 13, the cone I3 is formed at its end of greater diameter with a portion I40 of reduced diameter defining a chamber or passage I42, the major portion, at least, of which rotates with the cone I3. The dense gas free liquidpasses from channel 93 into this rotating chamber I42 where it is again subjected to centrifugal force. The centrifugal force set up within this chamber provides a back pressure tending to prevent a flow of liquid from chamber 93 through the opening I44 between chambers 93 and I42.

The rotor member 42 is completed on the right hand side (as viewed in Figure 13) by a flange member I45 secured thereto to rotate therewith in any suitable manner. Its inner extremity overlaps a dead plate member I46 carried with the end closure member68 and is spaced from the rotor so as to provide a liquid outlet I48 into the annular chamber 95, which in this instance is of greater volumetric capacity than that shown in the previously discussed modification.

The dead plate I46 prevents frictional action between the rotating liquid and the rotor 42 from churning the de-aerated liquid in chamber 96. The back pressure in the opening'I44 prevents the discharge of any gas laden liquid into chamber 95 which is directly connected to a metering device through pipe 30.

By making the diameter d of discharge port I48 equal to or less than the diameter D of the cone at the opposite end, a liquid seal is formed within the cored rotor that will exclude the discharge of entrained gases to the meter, and will permit only such liquid as has attained its maximum density under the temperature and pressure of the mass, to pass on to the metering device.

It may also be found desirable to have the inner diameter of the retaining ring I52 corresponding to bushing 85 equal to the inside diameter of the bore in the rotor 42. This may be accomplished by setting the supporting arms 88 for the cone I3 in a recess I49 in the rotor wall and locking feet I50 therein by a retaining ring or cylinder I52 suitably secured in position as by locking screws I54. Such structural design permits a greater diameter of the cone than that shown in Figure 2. Due to the greater diameter, the centrifugal force created within the liquid is increased and a better separation of the lighter entrained air from the heavier liquid is obtained at the chamber 9I. I

It will thus be seen that a device has been provided which is adapted for installation in the flow line before any type of metering devices in situations where extreme accuracy is desired in measuring the volume or weight of liquids or semiliquids at their maximum density under the temperature and pressure of the substance. Moreover, there are numerous instances where the metering of fluids is not essential but where it is extremely desirable to remove entrained air or gases from fluids,.semi-fluids or pastes before or after processing. The passing of these fluids through the device of this invention will greatly improve the products of manufacture and prevent damages caused by the entrainment of air or gases that may be in the products. For instance, the presence of entrained air in water being pumped into a steam boiler causes a pitting of the boiler tubes and walls. By passing this boiler feed water through my-air eliminating device, the entrained air will be removed, and the life of the boiler will be extended. It is also worthy of note that, should oils or greases be present in the boiler feed water, this device will separate the greases from the water, and permit only the clear water to enter the boiler, thus resulting in more eflicient steaming of the boiler. In chemical or'food manufacturing or processing plants where the presence of air in the products of manufacture tends to cause a disintegration or a fermentation, this device will be found of commercial advantage, because this device will separate fluids composed of ingredients of varying gravity while under any pressure. For example, syrups of certain Baum will ferment and spoil if they contain entrained air. This device can regulate the amount of entrained air to any desired degree. Again the presence of air or other gases in oil when being pumped through piping, will cause air pockets to be formed in the high points of the pipe line and cause the piping to become air bound and retard the normal flow of oil. This device will eliminate this condition. In connection with domestic oil burner units, the process of this invention will permit the proper control of air necessary for complete combustion of the fuel, irrespective of the grade of oil. Also, in the manufacture of certain metals, this principle will control the uniformity in the texture of the metal.

Various modifications will occur to those skilled in the art in the composition, proportions, configuration and disposition of the component elements going to make up the invention as a whole as well as in the selection and/or combination of selected elements for specific purposes and no limitation is intended by the phraseology of the foregoing description or illustrations in the accompanying drawings except as indicated by the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A device to eliminate gaseous medium from liquid comprising a casing formed with a rotor recess and an inlet and priming chamber and a discharge chamber at opposite ends thereof, respectively the capacity of said rotor recess being greater than that of the priming chamber, a displacement element comprising a tubular rotor within the rotor recess, a substantially conical member formed with a bore and disposed within the rotor in spaced relation thereto, an end closure member formed with a cylindrical recess in register with the bore in the conical member and a nozzle-like passage leading into the cylindrical recess tangentially thereto, means to conduct fluid from the discharge chamber to the nozzle-like passage, the bore of said conical member increasing in diameter away from the cylindrical recess, an axially disposed perforated hub carried with the rotor to turn therewith and in part at least within the end of the conical member, a tube in communicating relation with perforations in the hub, an accumulator comprising a cylindrical cup-shaped container at an elevation higher than said tube, a conical bottom in said container, a progressively restricted passage conducting fluid from the tube to the container tangentially thereof, said container having a spaced outer wall, an inverted cup-shaped member carried with the outer wall and whereof the wall extends between the inner and outer walls of the container to form a liquid seal, an escape valve in the top' of the inverted member, a float in the container actuating the escape valve, a safety valve for the accumulator and a by-pass from the safety valve to the priming chamber.

2. A device to eliminate gaseous medium from liquid comprising a casing formed with a rotor recess and an inlet and priming chamber and a discharge chamber, the capacity of said rotor recess being greater than that of the priming chamber, a displacement element comprising a tubular rotor within the rotor recess, a substantially conical member formed with a bore and disposed within the rotor in spaced relation thereto, an end closure member formed with a cylindrical recess in register with the bore in the conical member and a nozzle-like passage-leading into the cylindricalrecess tangentially thereto, means to conduct fluid from the discharge chamber to the nozzle-like passage; an axially disposed perforated hub carried with the rotor to turn therewith and in part at least within the end of the conical member, a tube in communicating relation with perforations in the hub, an accumulator comprising a cylindrical cup-shaped container at an elevation higher than said tube, a conical bottom in said container, a progressively restricted passage conducting fluid from the. tube to the container'tangentiallythereof, said container having a spaced outer wall, an inverted cup-shaped member carriedwith the outer wall and whereof the wall extends between the inner and outer walls of the container to form a liquid seal, an escape valve in the top of the inverted member, a float in the container actuating the. escape valve, a safety. valve for the accumulator and a .by-pass fromlthe safety valve to the priming chamber.

3'- A device to eliminate gaseous medium from liquid comprising a casing formed with. a rotor recess and an inlet and priming chamber and a discharge. chamber, the capacity. of said rotor recess being greater than that. of the priming chamber, a displacement element comprising a tubular rotor within the rotor recess, .a substantially conical member formedwitha bore. and disposed within the rotor in spaced relation thereto, anend closure member formed withia cylindrical recess in register with the bore' in'the. conical member and a. nozzle-like. pa'ssageleading into the cylindrical recess tangentially'thereto,.means to conduct fiuidfrom the discharge, chamber to the nozzle like passage,.the boreTofv said conical member increasing in diameter away from the cylindrical recess,.an axially disposed. perforated hub carried with. theroto'r to turn s therewith and in .part at least within the end of the'conical member, a tube in communicating relation with perforations in the hub, an, ac-' cumulator comprising a cylindrical cup-shaped container at an elevation higher than said tube, a conical bottom in said container, a progres sively restricted passage conducting fluid from the tube to the container tangentially thereof;

said container having a spaced outer wall, an

inverted cup-shaped member carried with the outer wall and whereof the wall extends between the inner and outer walls of the container to form a liquid seal, an escape valve in theftop of the inverted member, a float in the container actuating the escape valve and a safety. valve for. the accumulator.

4. A device to eliminate gaseous medium fromliquid comprising a casing formed with a rotor recess and an inlet and priming chamber and a discharge chamber, the capacity of said rotor rercess being greater than that of the priming chamber, a displacement element comprising a tubular rotor Within the rotor recess, a substantially conical member formed with a bore and disposed within the rotor in spaced relation thereto, an end closurefmemberformed with. a cylindrical recess in register with. the bore. inthe conicalmemberand. a nozzle-like passage leading ,into the cylindrical recess tangentially thereto,imeansto conduct fluid? from'the discharge chamber to the nozzle-like passage, the bore of said: conical member increasing in diameter away from the. cylindrical .recess,,anl axially. disposed perforatedzhub carried with thefirotor to. turn therewithand inparltat least within the end of the conical :member, a tube inzcommunicating relation with perforations. in the. hub, an accumulator. comprising. a cylindrical cup-shaped container at an. elevation higher than said tube, aiconical. bottomiinrsaid container, a progressively restricted passage conducting fluid from the ntubepto v the container tangentially thereof, said: container; having a spaced outer wall, an inverted cup-shaped member. carriedwiththe outer wall and :vvhereof. the. wall. extends between the. inner and outer: walls. of the container to form a liquid seal;.an escape. valve. in the top of the. invertedme'mber', a flo'atinthe. container actuatingatheescape' valve; and aby-pass from the container to .th'epriming chamber.

"5; Adevice toeliminat'e gaseous medium from liquidzcomprising a. casing, formed with. a. rotor recess and an inlet andipriming. chamber and a discharge chamber, the capacity of. saidrotor recess being. greater than that of .the' priming chamber, a displacement element comprising a tubular rotor: withintherotor recess, a substantialIy. conical member formed with. abore and disposed withinithe rotor in' spaced relation thereito,; an.endiclosure. member formed witha cylinin. communicating relation with. perforations in the.l'iub,-..an accumulatorcomprising a. cylindrical cup-shaped container atian elevation higher than I said tube,.a1.conical bottom. in said container, a

, progressively. restricted? passage. conducting fluid fromixthe. tube. to. the. container tangentially thereof, said containerv hav-ing a spaced outer wall, an inverted cup-shaped member. carriedwith the outer. walliandzwhereofithe =wall extends between the inner 'and' outer wallslof the con-- tainer. to form. a liquid: seal, an.'escape' valve in thextop ofv the invertedm'ember, a safety valve for the accumulator and a by-pass from the safety'valveito'theprir'ning chamber.

1 611A" device to eliminate gaseous .mediumfrom. liquid comprising a casing. formed with a. rotorrecess and an inlet; andpriming. chamber and a discharge, chamber, the capacity or said rotor recess being greater. than. that of the priming chamber, ajdisplacement element. comprising a ameter away from the cylindrical recess, an axially disposed perforated hub carried with the rotor to turn therewith and in part at least within the end of the conical member, a tube in communicating relation with perforations in the hub, an accumulator comprising a cylindrical cup-shaped container at an elevation higher than said tube, a conical bottom in said container, a progressively restricted passage conducting fluid from the tube to the container tangentially thereof, said container having a spaced outer wall, an inverted cup-shaped member carried with the outer wall and whereof the wall extends between the inner and outer walls of the container to form a liquid seal, and an escape valve in the top of the inverted member.

'7. A device to eliminate gaseous medium from liquid comprising a casing formed with a rotor recess and an inlet and priming chamber and a discharge chamber, the capacity of said rotor recess being greater than that of the priming chamber, a displacement element comprising a tubular rotor within the rotor recess, a substantially conical member formed with a bore and disposed within the rotor in spaced relation thereto, an end closure member formed with a cylindrical recess in register with the bore in the conical member and a nozzle-like passage leading into the cylindrical recess tangentially thereto, means to conduct fluid from the discharge chamber to the nozzle-like passage, the bore of said conical member increasing in diameter away from the cylindrical recess, an axially disposed perforated hub carried with the rotor to turn therewith and in part at least within the end of the conical member, a. tube in communicating relation with perforations in the hub, an accumulator, a progressively restricted passage conducting fluid from the tube to the accumulator tangentially thereof, said accumulator having a spaced outer wall, an inverted cup-shaped member carried with the outer wall and whereof the wall extends within the outer wall of the container to form a liquid seal, an escape valve in the top of the inverted member, a float in the accumulator actuating the escape valve, a safety valve for the accumulator and a by-pass from the safety valve to the priming chamber.

8. A device to eliminate gaseous medium from liquid comprising a casing formed with a rotor recess and an inlet and priming chamber and a discharge chamber, the capacity of saidrotor recess being greater than that of the inlet and priming chamber, a displacement element comprising a tubular rotor within the rotor recess, a substantially conical member formed with a bore and disposed within the rotor in spaced relation thereto, an end closure member formed with a cylindrical recess in register with the bore in the conical member and a nozzle-like passage leading into the cylindrical recess tangentially thereto, means to conduct fluid from the discharge chamber to the nozzle-like passage, the bore of said conical member increasing in diameter away from the cylindrical recess, an axially disposed perforated hub carried with the rotor to turn therewith and in part. at least within the end of the conical member, a tube in communicating relation with perforations in the hub, an accumulator comprising a cylindrical cup-shaped container at an elevation higher than said tube, a conical bottom in said container, a progressively restricted passage conducting fluid from the tube to the container tangentially thereof and an escape valve in the top of the inverted member.

9. A device to eliminate gaseous medium from liquid comprising a casing formed with a rotor recess and an inlet and priming chamber and a discharge chamber, the capacity of said rotor recess being greater than that of the inlet and priming chamber, a displacement element comprising a tubular rotor within the rotor recess, a substantially conical member formed with a bore and disposed within the rotor in spaced relation thereto, an end closure member formed with a cylindrical recess in register with the bore in the conical member and a nozzle-like passage leading into the cylindrical recess tangentially thereto, means to conduct fluid from the discharge chamber to the nozzle-like passage, the bore of said conical member increasing in diameter away from the cylindrical recess, an axially disposed perforated hub carried with the rotor to turn therewith and in part at least within the end of the conical member and a tube in communicating relation with perforations in the hub.

10. A device to eliminate gaseous medium from liquid comprising a casing formed with a rotor recess and an inlet and priming chamber and a discharge chamber, the capacity of said rotor recess being greater than that of the inlet and priming chamber, a displacement element comprising a tubular rotor within the rotor recess, a substantially conical member formed with a bore and disposed within the rotor in spaced relation thereto, an end closure member formed with a 'cylindrical recess in register with the bore in the conical member and a nozzle-like passage leading into the cylindrical recess tangentially thereto, means to conduct fluid from the discharge chamber to the nozzle-like passage, an axially disposed perforated hub carried with the rotor to turn therewith and in part at least within the end of the conical member and a tube in communicating relation with perforations in the hub,

11. A device to eliminate gaseous medium from liquid comprising a casing formed with a rotor recess and an inlet and priming chamber and a discharge chamber, a displacement element comprising a tubular rotor within the rotor recess, a substantially conical member formed with a bore and disposed within the rotor in spaced relation thereto, an end closure member formed with a cylindrical recess in register with the bore in the conical member and a nozzle-like passage leading into the cylindrical recess tangentially thereto, means to conduct fluid from the discharge chamber to the nozzle-like passage, the bore of said conical member increasing in diameter away from the cylindrical recess, an axially disposed perforated hub carried with the rotor to turn therewith and in part at least within the end of the conical member and a tube in communicating relation with perforations in the hub.

WALTER S. FINKEN.