US2267796A - Lighting fixture - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 30, 1941. a. LEZEBNICK LIGHTING FIXTURE Filed Dec. 15, 1958 2 SheeisSheet l INVENTOR. fs/oore Lezemcf v a 4 Z 0 1 w BY /%Ql4d g 1444 ATTORNEYS Dec. 30, 1941. LEZEBNICK LIGHTING FIXTURE Filed Dec. 15, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 BY v ATTORNEYS Patented Dec. 30, 1941 LIGHTING FIXTURE Isidore Lezebnick, New York, N. Y.; now by judicial change of name Isadore Leyden Application December 15, 1938, Serial No. 245,883

Claims.

My invention relates to a new and improved lighting fixture which can be connected to a wall or other fixed support, or to any suitable movable support or pedestal.

One of the objectsof the invention is to produce a lighting fixture having a series of reflectors or louvres properly arranged so as to. project a series of bands of light in a predetermined pattern. Said bands oflight are caused to abut or overlap, so as to give continuous illumination on a wall or ceiling or throughout a room, as'distinguished from. separate and sharply defined bands of light.

Another object is to provide a simple and efficient unit of this type, which can be readilymade and constructed.

Another object of the invention is to provide a unit which will provide certain general illumination, in addition to projecting separate bands of light, by means of suitable reflectors.

Another object is to provide a unit of this type, in which the center of the source of light is spaced laterally from the axes of the reflectors.

Another object is to provide a fixture which can be located in a room off-centre, as at a corner of the room, and which will give general illumination throughout the room or a large part Other objects will be stated in the annexed description and drawings which illustrate preferred embodiments thereof, it being understood that the above statement of the objects of my invention is intended generally to explain the same without limiting'it in any manner.

Fig. 1 is a sectional view on the line l-l of Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 is a bottom plan view oi Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an end elevation of Fig. 1, taken at the left-hand side of Fig. 1, part of they representation of the rear wall of the channel having been omitted, so as to show the slot in the front or right-hand wall of said channel.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1. Figs. 5-9 inclusive are respectively bottom plan views showing various modifications.

As shown in Fig. 1, a standard I, having a recany suitable metal having a rear wall 5a which is of channel shape, as shown in Fig. 4. The side portions of said wall 5a make obtuse angles with the inner or left-'handportion thereof, as shown in Fig. 4. f p

As shown in Fig. 3, the bottom reflector 6 has wall- portions 4 and 4a, which overlap at the rear of the device. The overlapping edge-portions of said members 4 and ldare connected by bolts or rivets or other fastening members 2. As shown in Fig. 4, said members 2 have heads of greater diameter than the slot la in the front wall of the standard 2. The shanks of fastening members 2 can move siidably in said slot la. The

shanks of member 2 pass through the inner portion of wall So, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4, so that the bottom reflector 6 is rigidly connected to base member 5. The shank of the bottom fastening member 2 can rest upon the bottom wall of the slot la. If desired, the members 2 can have sufiicient frictional fit within the slot la, so as to hold said members 2 in adjusted position vertically relative to the slot la.

The reflectors l, 8, 9 and H), which are located above the reflector 6, are connected to the wall members 4 and do by means of rivets ll. Instead of using rivets, the members 'I-lll can be soldered or otherwise suitably connected to the walls 4 and 4a. Hence the reflectors and base member 5 are connected to form a unit which can be assembled adjustably with member I, or be removed from said member. The device has a plurality of superposed tapered reflectorsfeach said reflector being wider at its top end than at its bottom end. 3

As shown in Fig. 1, the wall members 4, 4a and So have upper portions which are inclined forwardly relative to the vertical portions of said members 4, 4a and 5a. I

An electric light bulb i3 is providedwith the usual socket M, which has the usual switch IS. The socket I4 is provided with a supporting memher It, which is held in position on the base tangular cross-section and a vertical slot la in one of its vertical walls, is connected to the wall member 5 by means 01' a clamping screw l6a,

said supporting member 16.

whose shank enters'the tapped bottom recess'of K Anupstanding'refle ctor n has ears I2 at its lower end, and these ears are located at opposite sides of the socket H, as shown in Fig. 4. The shankof the switch l5 passes through an opening which is provided in one of said ears l2. The

reflector ii is held 'adjustably in upstanding position by means of a screw Ila, which passes through tapped bores of the forwardly inclined, upper portions of the membersi, 4 and 4a.. 'A'

greater. m diameter of the mouth of the bell or reflector is:

This produces an in- I tense local illumination at the corresponding part her 4, resiliently abuts the reflector ii. A nut (Fig. 1) is mounted on the end of the adjusting screw Ma. The reflector H is thus turnably supported at its bottom end, and it can be adjusted by means of screw Ila and its nut against the force of spring lib.

, Referring to Fig. 1, the center of the filament or source of light is located at point C. The rays i8 show the paths in which the light is projected. The center of the source of light is located at a height which is intermediate the helghts'of the top and bottom-edges of the reflector 9. Said center C is located at a level or height which is below the level of the bottom edge of the reflector ID. The reflectors 6, I, 8, 9 and i0 each have a partial saucer shape.. They are made of any suitable metal orother material. Said reflectors or louvres may have upper surfaces of maximum reflecting power. 'If desired, said upper surfaces may have little or no reflecting power andon this point there may be any desired variation. The louvres or reflectors 6-40 inclusive can also be made of glass or of other translucent material.

I prefer to make said reflectors 6'i0 of copper, having brightly polished uppersurfaces of maxi- 1 mum reflecting power. The lower' surfaces of said reflectors or louvres may be sandblasted or ground or otherwise treated, so as to difiuse the light generally, instead of reflecting the light sharply in predetermined directions.

In the usual indirectlighting fixture, the bulb is located within areflector of tapered shape.

and the height of the reflector is usually about the same as the height of the bulb or a little If the bulb is a 300-watt bulb, the

ordinarily about 14 inches.

of the ceiling of the room, with only a small amount of general or diffused illumination. The invention is illustrated in connection with a 300- watt bulb, although this can be varied, depending upon the installation.

As shown in Fig. l, the pencil of light which passesupwardly from the center C, without being reflected either by the member Ii or by the member III, has a horizontal angle of substantially 90 degrees. In a practical installation from which the drawings herein were made, the horizontal distance between a vertical line which passes through the point C, and the point Illa, was approximately 15 inches. Hence the upper mouth of the reflector i0 is a part of the upper mouth of a continuous tapered reflector whose continuous upper mouth has a dimension of 30 inchesin the plane of Fig. 1. Hence, by using the segments of tapered reflectors, and by locating the point C so' that it is spaced laterally from the geometrical centers of said segments, I secure the effect of a reflector whose mouth is-of large dimensions, while producing a relatively compact lighting unit. I therefore get a much more general and diffused illumination in a predetermined direction than has heretofore been possible with the standard type of lighting flxture- Likewise the light is generally projected in the desired direction, without. projecting the light backwardly in a part of the room'where the illumination is not desired.

is the'same asthatsof flrst embodiment.

Figs. 8-9 inclusive respectively show modifled' shapes of reflectors or louvres 20, 2i, 2! and 23,

thus illustrating'that there are numerous embodiments of this invention. Likewise in Figs. 6-9 the louvre: do not have the common back which is shown in Fig. 3. and said louvres are merely telescoped one into the other and connected byf rivets or the like.

For convenience the reflector 6 may be designated as the first reflector, and the reflector ii may be designated as the upstanding reflector. It will be noted that the filament or source'of light is located relative to the reflectors, so that some light is reflectedfrom a surface of each reflector. However, the light which is reflected from the top reflector i0 constitutes only a very small percentage of .the total light, and this minor reflection is due to the fact that a filament does not have a sharply deflned central point.

A little light may be reflected from the upper surface of the top reflector Ill, but generally speaking the light which passes above the top reflector ibis in part reflected by the upstanding reflector Ii, but no part or very little of-said light is reflected from the top surface of the top posed relation, the axes of the reflectors can be held at an angle other than 90 to the horizontal plane, so that whenever the said superposed reflection is specified in a claim or claims, said claim or claims are not limited to said superposed relation.

As shown in Fig. 1, the reflectors may have straight-line surface elements, or, as shown in Fig. 5, the surface elements of said reflectors may be curved lines. As shown in Figs. 1 and 5, it is preferred not to have the surface elements of the respective reflectors parallel to each other and to have said surface elements identical in the respective reflectors, but the invention is not' restricted to one or both of saidfeatures. As shown in Fig. 1, the light. rays which fall upon the upper surfaces of the reflectors 6-8 may be reflected one or more times from the light-diffus ing surfaces 'of the reflectors, before the light passes beyond said reflectors.

For convenience, the reflector 6 may be designated in some of the claims as the inner. reflector, and the reflector .ii'l may be designated in said claims as the outer reflector. While the supplemental reflector ii is a preferred element, this could be omitted without departing from the scope of the invention. e

As shown in Fig. 1, each of the-reflectors ex- I tends laterally beyond the next lower reflector.

The drawings are substantially according to scale,-so that reference can be made thereto for further details which are not stated specifically in the description herein. The mode of operation of the embodiments shown in Figs. 6-9 inclusive As shown in connection with reflectors 9 and ill,

at least some of the light is reflected from the bright polished upper surfaces of the reflector 9, to be reflected again by the'lower light-diffusing surface of the next upper reflector in, so that the light which is thus diffused and reflected is flect any of the light, said top surface need not,

be light-reflecting. Likewise the lower surface of the reflector I could be made bright and polished, instead of being light-diifusing, without materially diminishing the desired effect. The essential feature of the invention is to have two or more reflectors, each of which has an upper light-reflecting surface and preferably, but not necessarily, a lower light-diffusing surface, so as to produce soft and diffused light. Likewise, while I have shown the use of a single bulb or source of light, a plurality of bulbs or sources of light could be utilized.

I have shown preferred embodiments of the invention, but it is clear that numerous changes and omissions could be made without departing from its spirit.

I claim:

1. A lighting fixture comprising a support, a base member, an electric light bulb connected to said base member, said base member having an upstanding rear wall, a first reflector located above said base, said first reflector having upstanding wall-portions which overlap each other at their rear portions, fastening members rigidly connecting the upstanding wall of the base to the overlapping upstanding wall-portions of the first reflector, a plurality of additional reflectors which are located above the first reflector, said additional reflectors being spaced from each other and from the first reflector, additional fastening means rigidly connecting said additional reflectors to the wall of the first reflector, an upstanding reflector turnably mounted on the switch actuator for said electric light bulb, means adjustably connecting said upstanding reflector adjacent its upper end to the interconnected wall-portions of said base and of said flrst reflector, said electric light bulb having a filament, the center of said filament being located below the bottom of the top reflector and between the top and bottom of the reflector which is next to surfaces of high reflecting power and having lower light-diffusing surfaces, the center of said filament being located relative to said reflectors, so that light rays can fall from said filament the top reflector, said reflectors having, upperupon the upper surfaces of all the reflectors which are located below the top reflector.

2. A lighting fixture comprising a series of superposed and spaced reflectors and. an electriclight bulb, each said reflector having an upstanding axis, each reflector having an upper open mouth at its upper end and a lower open mouth at itslower end, each reflector being upwardly and outwardly tapered so that the upper mouth thereof is larger than the lower mouth thereof, said reflectors having. respective walls which are respectively substantially continuous save for a common opening at the respective backs of said respective walls, holding means independent of the bulb and holding said reflectors superposed and spaced from each other, the horizontal distance from the center of the source of light of said bulb to each respective upstanding axis increasing successively from the upstanding axis of the bottom reflector to the upstanding axis of the top reflector, the wall of each reflector being wholly spaced horizontally from said bulb, said bulb being located at the common opening in the backs of the respective reflectors to emit light into the interiors of said reflectors, a supplemental reflector, said bulb being located between said first-mentioned reflectors and said supplemental reflector, said supplemental reflector reflecting at least some of the light therefrom through said common opening towards the inner faces of the first-mentioned reflectors.

3. A lighting fixture according to claim 2 in which the center of the source of light is located in a horizontal plane which is between the lower mouth of the top reflector and the lower mouth of the next succeeding lower reflector, said horizontal plane also being between the upper and lower mouths of said next succeeding lower reflector.

4. A lighting fixture according to claim 2 in which said holding means comprise an upward extension at the back of the bottom reflector and fastening means which fasten the backs of the other reflectors to said upward extension.

5. A lighting fixture according to claim 2 in which the supplemental reflector. is shaped to reflect some of the light which falls thereon in a path which is unobstructed by the wall of the top reflector and in a beam which has a horirsrpoar: mznnmox.

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