US2262315A

US2262315A - Shears

Info

Publication number: US2262315A
Application number: US368924A
Authority: US
Inventors: Walter D Davies
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1940-12-06
Filing date: 1940-12-06
Publication date: 1941-11-11
Anticipated expiration: 1958-11-11

Description

Null, 1941. w, ang/.Es 2,262,315l

, sHEARs Filed Dec. l6, 1940 gwuefrvbcyb drawings which exemplies a invention andiwherein: l

Patented Nov. 11, 1941 j 2,262,315 y snEARs WalterD, Davies, Jackson Heights, N. Y; applicanmnetemter s, 1340, serial No. stessi e claims.: l (o1. :io- 207i `This invention relates tov shears and; particu-V larly to a type thereof `adaptedfnjl severfhairs in restricted or smallV cavities, such as nostrils or ears, andoperate as a cuttinglmeans of the ordi,- nary blade type.'

An object of the invention is toprovide shears having rotatably movable `cutting means include ingparts` readily dismantledfor cleaning pur,-

fposes, being resiliently returnedto normal positi'on, of simple, compact and durable construction, and of general "utility, l

Another object oi"v the invention is the provision, in shears orcutting means, of a protective means so thatfoscillating portionsl thereof may not" sever delicate membranes or `skin tissuesin cavities, such as nostrils or ears. i" Another object of the invention isthe provision,

` inA shears, ofvapairflof relatively movable tubular telescopedl tubes` withl interlocking` operating means for holdingthe tubes inA a'predetermined relationship and spring means interposedbetween the operating means `for returninggthe blades to normal position.

These'and numerous other objects will become apparentlfrom the succeeding description con- "sidered together-with theaccompanying` sheet of form of the present Figure 1` is' an enlarged front elevational view' `of a device embodying the present invention lwith n a portion thereof; removed to more clearly illustrate the construction of parts; y

y o Figure 2 is a side elevational viewof-"the shears shown in Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a verticalisectionalViewl offt'he `shears taken along the lines `3=3 of Figure looking inthe direction of thelarrows. p

"Figure 4 is a horizontal sectionalview taken direction of the arrows.` x l l Figure 5 is a horizontalsectiona'l view 4taken along the lines 5-'5 of Figure` lf, looking the.

direction of the arrows.

Figure 6 is a horizontalfsectional viewv taken along the miese-as oft Figure -r,1ooking inftne `direction of thefarrows.`

` Referring now in` detailf the drawing wherein like reference""cliaractersindicatelike parts,` the "numeral I is emplloyedto designate, a general manner, shears which are of generall utility and particularly adaptably employed to sever hair or jhairs positioned withirrrestrictedl cavities or as oscillatory" cuttingfblades.` l l"l"I'heshear's generally `comprise a pairot telescoping tubes or cylinders characterized by an outer tube or cylinder 2y forminaforthe most Dart, theouter casing ofthe` shears andan inner cylinder 3 substantiallyV c oextensive withyand adapted to fit neatlywithin the outer tubeV and being, `within certain hereinafter mentioned prefdetermined limits,` freely rotatablel with; respect thereto. Since the shears are formed by sections of tubing'it will be noted that theyfare rendered readily and easily insertable into a small cavity, such as a nostrilwor the opening,` of an ear.` The outer tube or cylinderlhas, adjacent oneextremity thereof,` aseries.ospacedteeth `5` positioned circumambient the tubeand disposed longitudi nally or axially thereof. Adjacent-.the associated extremity of the innertubeis ,a pluralityof Tsubstantally` correspondingly spaced teethfli also disposed `axially Aof" the shearsbut of a slightly lesser extentlthan :thelouter tube teeth andxacs cord'ngly terminating short of the outermost limits of the 1atter.` Theteeth of the two thus4 de,- scribed tubes aredesirably arid normally in radial alignment so as to presentr4 spaces therebetween for the accommodation or entranceofahair xor- ,hairs, f n x f From the `foregoing itwillbe noted" that the teeth carrying extremities ofthe Jthus Yassociated tubes, were they to be inserted into a nostril `or ear, the hairs positioned thereinwould nd their way between the teethand any relativerotative movement of the tubes would result in the teeth of the several tubes passing oneanother tosever the hairs. It will beiobservedthat since `tl'ie" interior of the inner tube isscompletely free or unobstructed the severed hairs can be carriedffree frornthe cavity and 'removed from the shears by sending acolurnn of airltherethrough.

So asV to compensate for manufacturingtol-A erances and ensure arsurface or rubbing contact between the teeth ot the respective tubes there is provided a "series of cutsorslots` 'l formed in the inner Jftube and communicating with axially aligned spaces between adjacent teeth.` Theslots "l, desirably `quadrantly spaced,` extend l'ongitudinally off the shearsjin a direction away fronti the related teeth, and accordingly ifjby chance; `l`the tubes, when initially mated donot tneatly so as to `be in complete surfacebearing relation with one another, the teeth of the inner tube may be urged radially or outwardly of the shears" so as tor be positioned in intimate `contactwith. the outer tube, teeth.` The slotsr'l, by extending` to-` ward the intermediate portion of the inner tube, afford adjustment ofv there'latedl teeth so that throughouttheir length theymaylbear against the outerltube teeth. While the slots l are shown and described as being formed in the inner tube, they may, if desired, be formed in the outer tube to substantially equal advantage to thereby render the outer tube teeth adjustable or capable of being urged inwardly of the shears.

So as to guard against sharpextremities of the teeth severing relatively delicate skin tissues or membranes of a nostril or ear, means has been provided in the shears to form a barrier at the extreme teeth carrying end of the shears. The means referred to is characterized by prongs B formed by angularly disposing the free extremities of the outer tube teeth with respect to the main portions thereof. The prongs are radially directed inwardly of the shears and overlie in spaced relation the free extremities of the inner tube teeth so that upon a reciprocating movement of the telescoped tubes n portion of the cutting feature of the teeth will or can come into contact with the skin tissue.

The extremity of the outer tube removed from the teeth is provided with a shear blade 9 defined, in part, by an outwardly beveled cutting edge I0 which starts intermediate the ends of the outer tube and continues toward the associated end thereof on a line forming an oblique angle with a plane passing through the4 axis of the shears. The other side of the shear blade is defined by a substantially curved trailing edge II starting from approximately the same position longitudinally of the outer tube as the cutting edge I0 to proceed toward the adjacent tube extremity and terminating a slight distance cirvcumferentially o f the tube from the associated cutting edge extremity. The corresponding extremity of the inner tube is formed as an inwardly beveled shear blade I2 which is partially defined by a tapering cutting edge I3 commencing at approximately the same location longitudinally of the shears as the cutting edge I0 and extending at an oblique angle to a plane passing through the axis of the shears in a direction away from the edge I0. The other side of the blade I2 is defined by a substantially tapered trailing edge I4 starting at about the same location as the cutting edge I3 to continue toward the adjacent extremity of the inner tube and terminate at a location spaced slightly circumferentially from the associated extremity o'f the cutting edge I3. A notch I5 is formed in the inner tube at the base of the cutting edge thereof so thatv the latter may be urged outwardly or radially of the shears to ensure a constant or rubbing contact betweenr the outer and inner tubes and render the cutting edges Il] and I3 thereof effective. By thus forming the cutting blades it will be noted that the cutting edges are normally separated to present a V-shaped opening and thereby any rotative movement of the inner tube in a counter-clockwise direction, as viewed in Figure 5, will result in the cutting edges passing one another to sever any article that miay be positioned therebetween. It is to be further noted that the cutting blades, by their formation, present access t0 the interior of the shears for substantially their entire length, and accordingly anything severed by the cutting edges can be directed outwardly of the interior of the shears.

Means has been provided in the shears for the operation thereof, and for the accomplishment of this purpose an arm I 6 is xedly associated with or secured to the outer tube. The arm I6 comprises a cylindrical band I1 lying against and partially around the outer tube intermediate the ends thereof. The cylindrical band terminates at one extremity in an angularly disposed foot I8 directed toward the blade extremity of the outer tube. The foot I8 presents an appreciable area for the reception or accommodation of means of any nature or character employed to secure the arm to the outer tube such as welds (not shown). The extremity of the band removed from the foot merges into a disk-like plate I9 extending away from the outer tube at an angle to a plane passing through the axis of the shears. The inner tube is provided with an operating arm 20 --formed by a cylindrical band 2I desirably coaxial with the longitudinal axis of the tubes and of substantially the same curvature as the band I1 so that the inner tube band may be positioned outwardly of the outer tube and move freely relative thereto and circumferentially thereof. One end of the band 2l terminates in an angularly disposed foot 22 directed toward the teeth extremity of the inner tube which is offset inwardly of the shears so as to contact the inner tube. The offset foot 22 also presents an appreciable area for any desired means for securing the foot to the inner tube such as welds (not shown) The end of the band removed from the foot 22 terminates inl a disk-like plate or nger rest 23 which is angularly disposed to a plane passing through the axis of the shears. For the accommodation of the offset foot 22 there is provided in the outer tube, intermediate its ends, a raceway or guideway 24 which extends partially around the tube or that portion thereof not occupied by the arm I6. This raceway, therefore, not only permits an attachment of the foot 22 to the inner tube but also, since the offset foot 22 is within the plane of the outer tube, `forms a means for maintaining the tubes'in a predetermined position relative to one another or prevents a longitudinal shifting therebetween. An entrance or channel way 25 is formed in the outer tube to communicate with the guideway. The entrance is directed longitudinally of the shears and of av width slightly greater than the offset foot 22 so that the latter may, during assembly of the tubes, be threaded through the channel way to be positioned in the guideways and moved therein upon manipulation of the shears.

Interposed between the plates of the respective crossing arms is a resilient means characterized by a compression or coil spring 26 which tends to maintain the plates of the arms normally in spaced relation. The coil spring is desirably corset-shaped so as not to interfere with the tubes or bands of the arms and provide ample service clearance therebetween. The plates I9 and 23 are provided with substantially Y-shaped embossments 21 directed away from confronting sides thereof to project into associated extremities of the coil spring and prevent its displacement from an operable position.

It will be noted that the offset foot bears against the outer tube to prevent relative rotation of the tube in one direction and the tubes and crossing arms are arranged and constructed so as to be responsive to forces applied to the plates tending to urge them toward one another for the successful operation of the shears. It is to be further noted that various changes and alterations may be made to the illustrated and described construction without departing from within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

extremities thereof, portions of the teeth on' I claim:

1. In a device of the character described, the combination of an outer tube, an inner tube housed within said outer tube, normally aligned axially extending teeth formed on adjacent extremities of said outer and inner tubes, said teeth on said outer tube having portions thereof angularlyl disposed inwardly of said tube to overlie extremities of said inner tube teeth, operating means secured to each tube for rotating said `tubes relative to one another, and corset-shaped spring means outwardly of said tubes and extending between said operating means.

2. In a device ofthe character described, the combination of an `outer tube, an inner tube housed within -said outer tube, normally aligned axially extending teeth formed on adjacent extremities of said outer Iand inner tubes, said teeth of said outer tube having portions thereof radially disposed inwardly of said tube to overlie extremities of said inner tube teeth in spaced relation thereto, the teeth carrying Yextremity of one of said tubes having a cut axially in a direction away from the related teeth so that the teeth of the respective tubes may be urged into intimate contact `with one another, and operating means secured to said tubes for rotating them relative to one another.

3. In a deviceof the character described, the combination of inner and outer telescoping tubes provided with normally aligned teeth at adjacent extremities thereof, a guideway formed in and extending partially around said outer tube, a pair of operating means crossing one another and each having an extremity secured to one of said tubes, the operating means extremity secured to said inner tube being positioned within said guid-eway `substantially within the plane of said outer tube so asto prevent said tubes from.' shifting axially relative to one another.

4. In a device of the character described, the combination of inner and outer telescoping tubes provided with normally aligned teeth. at adjacent said outer tube being angularly disposed to overlie the teeth of said inner tube, a` guideway formed in and extending partially around said outer tube, a` pair of operating means crossing one another and each having an extremity rsecured to one of said tubes, the operating means extremity secured to said inner tube being positioned within said guideway substantially within the plane of said outer tube so as to prevent said tubes from shifting axially relative to one another.

`one another andV each having an extremity secured to one of said tubes, the operating means extremity secured to said inner tube being positioned within said guideway substantially within the plane of said outer tube so as to prevent said tubes from shifting, axially relative to one another.

6. In a device of the character described, the combination of an outer tube, an inner tube housed within said outer tube, normally aligned axially extending teeth formed on adjacent extremities of said outer and inner tubes, said teeth on said outer tube having portions: thereof angularly disposed inwardly of said tube to overlie extremities of said inner tube teeth in spaced relation thereto, operating means secured to each tube for rotating said tubes relative to one another, corset-shaped spring means extending between said operating means, andy normally open shear bladesy formed on saidV tubes at ex- WALTER D. DAVIES.