US2261480A - Building structure - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 4, 1941.,

J. C. MORRELL BUILD-ING STRUCTURE Filed Feb. 13 1939 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Nov. 4, 1941. .J. c. MoRRl-:LL 2,261,480

BUILDING STRUCTURE l Filed Feb. 13, 1939 2 sheets-sheet 2 I] l u! 'III I im M f4 ZZ Patented Nev. 4, `1941 Application February 13, 1939, Serial No. 256,122

4 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in a method and means for constructing buildings and refers more particularly to the method lof applying the insulating material thereto and suitable frame work for the application of the said insulating material. The building itself may be made up of the regular frame work of Wood. or steel studs and beams preferably of steel with provision such as screening or expanded metal attached to the studs for applying the insulating material.

ton or core Walls on each side of the studs of heavy screening, fence material, expanded metal or a reticulated member to which may be applied the insulating material hereinafter described. The application of exterior and interior finish will complete the walls of the building. These may be applied direct by anchoring `to the studs, or attaching to nailing strips or may be superimposed upon sheeting material so supported.

The insulating material is made up of a mixture of materials, one component of which is preferably of a brous character having insulating properties and the other of an adhesive character, the mixture being discharged upon theA In another aspect a suitable frame 1 work preferably steel, may be erected with skeleskeleton frame work .comprising a wall and supporting members of they building; ,In general the building wall comprises a plurality of frame members and a reticulatedor perforated sheet secured to an adjacent supporting frame member, the reticulated sheet and supporting frame members being surfaced with the insulating material.

Referring to the drawings,

Fig. l is a top plan sectional view showing the structural frame work, the reticulated members and the insulation, etc.,- supported thereby.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary side elevational view partly in section and partly broken away of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is `a cross-sectional view of a modified form of my invention.

Fig. 4 is a side elevational view in cross section showing a building constructed in accordance with my invention.

Referring in detail to the drawings, I, 2, 3 and 4 indicate the four walls of abuilding 5. The walls illustrated' are all external walls, but it is to be understood that internal walls or partitions (not shown) may be constructed in a similar fashion.

Ihe frame of the walls i, 2, 3 and! comprises essentially a plurality of vertically disposed studs 6.which are appropriately spaced from each other, the studs being illustrated as iron members `of a T section. y0f course, the usual wooden stocks may be employed if desired. Reticulated members 'i are positioned between adjacent studs 6, the edges of said members being secured to the webs or flanges ofl the studs, as the case may be, by welding, rivets, bolts or the like (not shown). The reticulated members 1 may comprise metal screens, expanded sheet metal, or any type ofY perforated sheet material of desired structural strength.

.The bulk of the walls I, 2, 3 and 4 is made up of a wall material 8 which may comprise various insulating materials and adhesives made up e. g.

of materials, preferably fibrous in character, havy ing good insulating qualities. Examples of these insulating materials are animal, mineral and f vegetable fibrous material in various forms, for

example, hair, fbagasse (fibrous Amaterial from sugar cane), straw, corn stalks, spun glass or similar straw 'corn stalks and similar vegetable material, glass, ,wool, mineral flbre, or similar artificially made mineral .wools having insulating characteristics, asbestos and the like. These fibrous materials may be made up in the form of paper, for example, waste paper, rags, Waste felted materials and the like, these materials are various types of adhesives such as cements, glues and pastes. Among the suitable cements may be mentioned those made from Portland or hydraulic cement, sodium silicate with materials such as asbestos and other fillers, cements made from asphalt's,` tars and pitches, (in a molten state or dissolved in a suitable solvent) cements made by mixing lime, litharge and various drying oils such as linseed, soy bean, and similar 4drying oils alone or in admi'xtures with variousA resins and gums both synthetic and natural, various filling materials such draulics or Portland cement, sodium silicate, etc., t

but organic materials may be used with the inorganic materials for example, casein in sodium silicate, litharge and glycerine, iron filings and sodium silicate, lime, ammonium chloride,`iron.

filings. and sand. Glues, gutta percha, rosin pit'ches and various admixtures with inorganic filling material such as those mentioned above also' form vthe basis of a cement.

Admixed withv In short, various mixtures of inorganic or inorganic and organic or organic materials having adhesive properties such as those mentioned may be made with the fibers or other insulating materials such as infusorial earth, gypsum, with or without various mineral llers, and the like in such admixtures as to form an adhesive material which will adhere to the surface of the metal comprising the reticulated orexpanded core of the walls and the supporting stud or frame work erably by blowing with compressed air.

After the reticulated members 1 havev been mounted upon the studs as hereinbefore described, the insulating material admixed with the of the walls by projecting the same thereon, prefdesired adhesive is blown upon one or both surfaces of the reticulated members, it being under-` stood that the blowing operation takesplace before the adhesive has set or lost its adhesive prop- -other conventional outer surfacing.

It is to be understood, vof course, that my invention is particularly directed to themethod of application of the material 8' to the reticulated base and is not vitally concerned with the type of wall finishing surfaces or the manner in which such surfaces are applied.

One of the chief disadvantages in utilizing irrsulating material vin bulk or discrete as opposed.

to employing the insulating material in sheets, webs or bats, is that the material within the walls tends to pack at the lower ends of thev walls after it has been inserted therein. This settling or packing is due primarily to vibration and results in a wall having denselypacked insulating -at its lower portion and little or no linsulating I material in its upper portion.

It can readily be seen that my invention not terial Il carrying a suitable adhesive may be blown upon the outer face of the member il to build up a desired thickness and similarly insulating orv filling material i8 carrying asuitable adhesive Amay be blown into contact with the outer face of the member il. Finishing materials I1 may then be applied to the exposed surfaces'of the layers ii and I6. This form of wall construction has advantages which may be obtained in certain types of wall construction, particularly by the provision of the sealed air space Il.

Referring particuiarlyto Fig. 4, the application of a wall, made in accordance with my invention, to a conventional building I! is shown.

The building I I 'is carried upon a foundation 2l which is adapted to support studs 2|. Reticulated members 22 are carried by the studs 2| and insulating or filling material 23 carrying a suitable adhesive` is blown upon both surfaces `of the reticulated members 22. An inner surl facing material such as plasterboard, wallboard or plaster 2l isapplied to the exposed inner surface of the material 23 and sheathing 25 is applied to the outer surface thereof. The numerals.

26, 21, '2l and 29 indicated respectively, the first floor, second floor, ceiling and roof. Regarding the interior and exterior finishes as applied to buildings such as houses, oillce buildings, factories and the like, any desired form and type may be employed. When'plaster is em- L ployed as an interior finish it may be yapplied directly to the interiorl surface although .expanded metal lath, wire mesh or similar material' may be utilized as a base when desired. Stucco, kellastone, brick or stone veneer may be applied l over the sheathing or directly attached employonly contemplates a convenient, eillcient andeconomical method of applyingthe'insulating 'or wall filling but also results'in a wall wherein the lnsulatingmaterial or wall llingremains substantiallyhomogeneous as to density throughout 1 the height of the wall due kto the fact thatthel insulating or filling material sets upon the reticulated member before it has had sufilcient time to settle.

Oi' course, in new constructionsthe insulating or filling material is preferably blown upon the faces of the reticulated members.Y However, in old work, that is, in completely constructed walls. holes may be bored at the top of the wall 'and the blowing nozzle may be inserted to blow the insulating or filling material downwardly into the wall. The fact that the insulating or filling material carries an-adhesive, of course, causes the material to remain a uniformly dense state with,- in the wall and settling or packing of the insu'- lating or filling material will thus be prevented.

Referring particularly to Fig. 3, a slightly modiiled form, of my invention is shown.wherein ing suitable reinforcing materiahover the insulating material'when necessary. Wood or metal siding of any desired type may also be'used either with or without the sheathing. Wherever necessary suitable nailing strips, anchoring bolts,

' metal' clips and the like may be' used to attach the interior or exterior finishes to the reinforcing metal and/or the insulating material. Composition interior and exterior finishes may also be employed internal with the ,sheathing or sepa` rately. ,It will of course be understood that vari ous combinations of the features of the invention other than the combinations illustrated and described will, be obvious to Ythose skilledlin the art-and are therefore entirely within the scope of the invention, as dened'by the appended claims. K I claim as my invention:

1. A wall comprising, in combination, ,spaced studs'disposed in a common plane, a perforate metal member extending between and secured to said studs, a set plastic mixture consisting predominantly of particles of fibrous insulating material and a binder therefor covering and bonded to said perforate member and presenting acontinuous exterior surface on at least one side thereof, which surface is spaced' outwardly from adjacent faces' of the studs, whereby the latter are covered by a ,substantial thickness of the insulating mixture, and'an imperforate, relatively ii indicates one of a member of suitably spaced studs constituting the supports for a wall i12. Spaced reticulated members i3 and il may be secured in any desired fashion ,to the opposite flanges of the studs Il. insulating or fillingmastiif coating of wall surfacing material disposed over said surface of themixture.

2,'The wall deilned in claim l, wherein saidv perforate member'is disposed intermediate opposite faces of the studs and said mixture subthickness of the insulating mixture, and an im"- perforate, relatively stiff coating of wall surfacstuds disposed in a. common plane, perforate members extending between and secured tothe studs on opposite sides thereof, a set plastic mixture consisting predominantly of particles of fibrous insulating material and a binder therefor covered and bonded to each of said periorate members and presenting exterior surfaces spaced outwardly from opposite faces of the studs, whereby the latter are covered by a substantial ing material disposed over at least one of said exterior surfaces. s v

4. The wall defined in claim 3, wherein a space is provided between adjacent studs intervmediate said perforate members.'

JACQUE c. MORRELL. i,

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