US2259035A - Rosin package - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 14, 1941. c. c. GILLICAN ROSIN PACKAGE Filed Dec. 30, 1937 Ream/q;

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Pan 0 Cad/y 12f Pay . Patented Oct. 14, 1941 ROSIN PACKAGE Charles Crum Gillican, llomerville, Ga., asslgnor,

by mesne assignments, to The Glidden Company, Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application December 30, 1937, Serial No. 182,584

3 Claims.

The present invention relates to the packaging of rosin in cartons, said rosin being produced from any of the prior art materials and by any of the prior art methods. The present invention is applicable to gum rosin or to a rosin produced by steam distillation or destructive distillation of wood.

It is customary to package rosin, however produced, in wood or galvanized iron barrels. When wooden barrels are used, it is frequently necessary to seal the space between the staves with a clay composition. When the rosin is removed from the barrels, the latter is contaminated with some of the clay and the presence of this impurity in the rosin is in many cases objectionable. Another disadvantage of packaging rosin in barrels is that there is a very substantial loss of rosin. Usually, the barrel will contain about 400 pounds of rosin, and when the rosin is removed from the barrel, about 6 pounds is lost, since this amount of rosin adheres to the staves and head of the barrel.

Another disadvantage of the use of wooden barrels for the packaging of rosin is that a barrel containing about 400 pounds of rosin has a net weight ofapproximately 80 pounds, making the gross weight of the rosin and the barrel approxi- *mately 480 pounds. When these barrels are shipped, the shipper or the customer must pay freight not only on the rosin, but also on the weight of the barrel itself.

While the packaging of rosin in galvanized containers has certain advantages over the packaging of rosin in wooden barrels, there are also certain disadvantages inherent in the use of galvanized iron containers as compared to the use of wooden barrels. It takes about 24 hours, approximately, for the rosin to cool and solidify in wooden barrels, while it takes approximately 36 to 48 hours for the rosin to'cool and solidify in galvanized iron containers. standpoint, this delayed cooling seriously interferes with the economic operation of the rosin plant, and forthis reason alone, the packaging of rosin in galvanized containers has notcome into general use. Further, comparing the packaging of rosin in galvanized iron containers with the packaging of rosin in wooden barrels, it may be pointed out that the wooden barrels can be handled before the rosin content has completely solidified, whereasthe rosin content of the galvanized iron barrels must be allowed to solidify before the iron barrels can be rolled. If complete solidification is not attained, then the iron From a practical barrels will on rolling be easily deformed, and this is objectionable.

Another objection to the use of galvanized.

rel in itself is expensive as compared to the rosin packaging of the present invention.

In accordance with the present invention, the

difilculties inherent in the packaging of rosin in wooden barrels or galvanized iron barrels are overcome. The present invention is directed to the packaging of rosin in a paper container, such as a carton, said carton having as its essential constituent a paper base, said paper being derived from,.any of the usual cellulose sources. More specifically, the invention is directed to the herein disclosed novel method and package.

In accordance with the present invention, the rosin is introduced into a paper carton, the rosin being maintained at a temperature enabling the rosin to be easily poured while inhibiting any substantial absorption of the rosin by the container.

While the rosin may be maintained at a tem-n perature between 150 F. and 350 F., the preferred range is between 240 F. and 280 F.

It is preferred that the walls of the carton which contact the rosin carry a coating or impregnation adapted to minimize the absorption of the rosin by the carton material. Of course,

this coating or impregnating material should be.

substantially chemically inert with reference to the resin. In other words, there should be no substantial reaction between the coating material and the rosin so as'to destroy the value of the coating material. While sodium silicate has given very satisfactory results, instead of using this material, equivalents thereof wellknown in the art may be used, and in fact, as stated, any

coating or impregnating medium may be used and solidifying the rosin in the carton while it isdisposedin the supporting frame to'insure a substantially now-bulging carton.

From the standpoint of the novel package, the

by the property of absorbing little liquid rosin, 1 the container having present-in situ solidified rosin, and in the preferred form, the carton has a coating of a material chemically and physically inert towards the rosin, while at the same time minimizing any tendency of the carton ma terial to absorb rosin. Y

Preferably, the carton which is provided. with bottom fiap members and a top closure member, is made of corrugated board and provided with an inner lining. The inner edges of the bottom member is provided with corrugation pockets which are sealed to prevent the rosin in its liquid state from entering the corrugation pockets. These pockets are sealed with a sealing medium comprising a material physically and chemically inert withrespectto the rosin and solid at the pouring temperature of the rosin. While sodium silicate has been found very satisfactory, it is not desired to be limited to this material, and other materials which are physically and chemically inert with respect to the rosin and solid at the pouring temperature of the rosin may be used in place of the sodium silicate. After the pockets are thus sealed, the edge wall of the bottom member is closed with a sealing strip, as hereinafter more fully described.

The present invention will be disclosed in connection with the following drawing, in hich:

Figure l is a diagrammatic side view showin the packaging of the rosin in the carton, said rosin being derived from the primary cooling vat.

Figure 2 is a perspective view of the carton supporting frame with the carton therein disposed.

Figure 3 is a perspective view of the carton used for packaging the rosin.

g Figure 4 is a horizontal sectional view through the carton looking in the direction of the carton I frame.

Referring to the drawing, and more specifically to Figure 1, rosin is distilled in stills I and 2, said stills being preferably heated by direct flame.

When the material being distilled, as for example, an oleo resin, reaches a predetermined temperature, approximately 210 F. the turpentine and the water present starts to distill over. The turpentine and water is condensed usually by means of a worm condenser immersed in a cooling bath, and the condensate is then passed into a gravity separating tank where the water and turpentine separate into two layers, the water being the bottom layer and the turpentine being the upper layer. The distillation in stills l and 2 is continued until practically all of the water present in the material undergoing distillation is distilled off. Additional water is added when the same is necessary. There remains after distillation in the stills I and 2 molten a,aso,oss.

about one-half hour after the start of distillation, water is introduced into stills l and 2, the function of the water being to facilitate the disstillation of the turpentine from the oleo ruin. As the distilling step the distillation temperature is increased until towards the end of the distillation the temperature varies approximately between 290' 1". to 350' ll, the preferableupper temperature being about 315 F. For some purposes, it is quite desirable to have a high melting point rosin and in order taproduce the same, it is necessary to substantially eliminate turpentine and water, and this may be attained by heating to approximately 350" F.

While the distillation-is desirably carried out under atmospheric pressure, it may be carried out under superatmospheric pressure, or even under a vacuum, and if 'a vacuum is used, high melting point rosins may be produced at lower temperatures.

In operating stills I and 2, about 4000 pounds of oleo resin is charged in each still. The period of distillation averages about two and one-half (2%) hours, thereafter the tail gates I and l are opened and the rosin is allowed to pass to receiving vats 5 and i, said vats preferably containing straining means, although the straining means may be extraneous of the vats. From the vats 5 and 8, the rosin is pumped by means of pumps 1 and 8 to a cooling vat I. The conduits i0 and II for conveying the rosin to the cooling vats are provided with steam jackets l3 7 and H to facilitate the flow of the rosin.

From the cooling vat 9 the rosin passes to a carton It, said carton being supported in a frame 16, the carton being adapted to receive the liquid rosin from the conduit ll provided with a valve It. The supporting frame It carrying the carton I! is positioned on scales It. The front and rear walls 20 and 2|, and the side walls 22 and 23 of the supporting frame II are provided with apertures 24 to facilitate the cooling of the rosin in the carton IS.

The carton it is preferably made of corrugated board provided with corrugations 25,- said ca rton having kraft liners 26 and outer cover boards 21. The side walls of the supporting frame function to prevent the carton walls from bulging outwardly, during the time the rosin is cooling in the carton. It is desirable that the side walls of the supporting frame function to prevent the side walls of the carton from bulging out because the carton I! should preferably remain in the supporting frame until the rosin solidifies. tent is removed from the supporting frame ll prior to the substantially complete solidification of the rosin, the sides of the carton will bulge out due to the action of the liquid rosin.

The carton I5 is allowed to remain in its supporting frame it for a period of from approximately 12 to 18 hours, depending on the temperature of the atmosphere and the temperature at If the carton I! with its rosin conwhich the rosin is initially introduced into the carton. The above figure is simply illustrative,

and Id are closed and a sealing strip l5e is placed across the closed front and rear flaps so as to seal the closure space between the adjacent inner edge walls of the flap members lid and l5b. The carton is then ready for shipment.

The carton which has been found most satisfactory to carry out the present invention is the one that is manufactured by the Mengel Company, Inc. of Louisville, Kentucky, which has a bursting resistance limit of 200 pounds per square inch, said carton comprising a corrugated board of about of an inch in thickness. The inner kraft liner 26 is approximately of an inch thick, and the outer cover board 21 is about of an inch thick. These specifications are merely given as illustrative of the characteristics of a suitable carton and are not to be taken by way of limitation. It is obvious that the thickness of the corrugated sheet itself, the inner kraft liner, and the outer board may be varied. These three (3) elements are securely glued together to form the composite carton.

It has been discovered that when the liquid rosin is put into the carton, there is a substantial tendency for the rosin to soak into the container material, and the higher the temperature of the which the rosin is poured. As an example of a suitable coating material for the inner surface of the carton, mention may be made of ordinary sodium silicate, or water glass. It is obvious that having once ascertained that it is desirable to coat or impregnate theinner surface layer of the carton, that other coating materials will suggest themselves to those skilled in the art,'and, therefore, it is not wished to be limited to the use of sorbed by the material of the container Is to any substantial extent. If the board has any substantial absorption characteristics for the resin,

then it is preferable; as hereinbefore set forth, to

coat or impregnate the inner walls of the container with a medium which is physically and chemically inert towards the rosin and which is solid at the temperature at which the rosin is poured. Since fairly pure rosin, that is rosin that does not have much turpentine or water left' therein, has a softening point of around 158 F., it is desirable that the rosin should not be cooled lower than 150? 1. In other words, the rosin, in order to carry out the present invention, must run, and even if a minorproportion of the rosin is solid, there will be a mixture of solid and liquid which is pourable. When operating with a fairly purerosin, the rosin many other resin; eithernatural or synthetic, ordinarily will be delivered to the receiving vats 5 and 6 at a suitable temperature usually varying between 290" F. and 325 F. Under some circumstances, the temperature of the liquid rosin may be somewhat higher or somewhat lower. The rosin, after passage to the cooling vat 9, is preferably allowed to cool to a temperature which will inhibit or minimize the absorption of the rosin by the carton material. Satisfactory results have been obtained when the rosin was poured in the carton at a temperature between 240 F. and 275 F. As the temperature is increased beyond 275 F. there is a tendency for the rosin to be absorbed by the carton material, and this tendency is greatest when the carton material does not'carry a coating or impregnating medium. The tendency to be absorbed is minimized to some extent by the application of an absorption minimizing agent, such as hereinbefore set forth.,

If the rosin is one that necessitates a high distillation temperature, and said distillation temperature is in the neighborhood of 350 F. or the distillation is carried to such a temperature during the latter part of the distillation operation, the resulting rosin may be packaged in cartons in accordance with the present invention. However, there will be some tendency for the rosin to be observed by the carton material, and if this tendency, depending on the qualities of the carton material and the chemical and physical characteristics of the rosin, is slight, there will be no substantial objection to employing the higher temperature limit of 350 F. In some cases, if this higher limit is employed, the objection to absorption can be eliminated by coating or impregnating the inner surfaces of the carton with a coating material which will minimize the, absorption at a temperature of 350 F. Here again, the coating or impregnating material must be chemically and physically inert towards the liquid rosin and be non-soluble in the rosin at this temperature. Since sodium silicate has a high melting point, materially over 350 F. it will function satisfactorily as the coating and absorbing agent, even at this high temperature,

The lower temperature limit at which the rosin, can'be poured is in the neighborhood of the softening point of rosin or a little below. A fairly good rosin melts at 158 F. Therefore, the lower limit of the pouring-temperature can be placed at approximately F.

It is exceedingly diflicult to express the limits of the invention. in terms of actual temperature, and moreover, it is not necessary. The temperature-control aspect of the present invention resides in correlating the temperature at which the rosin is poured with the absorption characteristics-of the carton material, so that at the temperature utilized, there is no substantial absorption of rosin by the carbon material. This is the difliculty that must be overcome and the criterion has been set forth by which the desired inhibition of absorption by the carton ma- In actual operation, the pouring operation is probably started at 260' I". or 275 I"., and inasmuch as the cooling vat has about 2500 to 8000 pounds of rosin present, the filling of the respective cartons, each holding about 100 pounds, is finished at approximately a temperature of aasaoss the carton that there is a substantial tendency for therosintorunthroughtheinneredgesofthe members Ill, up, lih and II! into the corrugation pockets 2!. It has "been discovered that the loss sealing the edge walls; of the members II], I lg.

llh and iii with sealing strips 30. II, I! and as,

these sealing strips being made of heavy paper.

a: The strips II and. II covering the edges of the about the softening point of the rosin. In other There is an advantage in utilizing lower temperatures of pouring, as the colder therosin'is poured, the higher the poundage content of the carton for a given volume. There is also the advantage that the carton will cool and solidify more quickly.

The temperature of pouring has an influence on the symmetrical solidification of the rosin block. Due to the fact that the rosin cools in the carton in layers, when the rosin is finally cooled, there is a cup in the top surface of the rosin and the higher the temperature at which the rosin is poured the greater the tendency for the upper surface layer of the rosin block to cup. It is preferred'from this standpoint to keep the temperature of pouring less than about 280 F. as this reduces the amountof cupping. The lower limit will be governed by practical considerations and it will suflice to state that the lower the temperature of pouring the less will be the tendency to cup, and if the temperature of pouring could be reduced, considering practical operation, to approximately at or near the softening point of the rosin, there would be substantially no cupping of the upper surface layer of the rosin. Therefore, from the standpoint of cupping, the lower the temperature of pouring, the less the cupping,

when the packages are stacked one upon the other, there is an air space between the top cover members I51: and l5b of the carton and the cupped surface 28 of the rosin, and there is a tendency for the cover members I51: and lib to be crushed. Therefore, in accordance with the present invention, this tendency to cupping and the tendency of the packaged rosin to create difficulties in stacking, may be controlled by controlling the pouring temperature of the liquid rosin, the lower the pouring temperature, the less the cupping and the less difllculty there will be experienced in packing.

The carton utilized in carrying out the present invention is provided with side walls 45 and 46, and front and rear walls 41 and 48. The bottom member of the carton is formed by turning over the flaps l5 and g, which are integrally formed at the lower bottom end of the side walls 45 and 46. Thereafter, the flaps H71 and I51, which are integrally formed with the walls 45 and 46, are turned over and the flaps then assume the position shown in Figure 4. It is to be noted that the bottom members I5 I50, l5h and I57 are composite members comprising a layer of corrugated board between two outer layers of board, the constituent elements of the composite board being of approximately the thickness hereinbeforedescribed in connection with the side walls. It has been discovered that when rosin is introduced into members llh andiii extend laterally a short distance to form upper and lower facing members 34, ll, 3! and 31, respectively, as shown in Figure 5.

Any ordinary paste can be used for sealing the strips 32 and. The sealing strips for members II! and I50 are constructed and applied in an identical sealing manner to the strips 32 and 33.

Instead of using sealing strips 30, SI, 32 and II, the same result can be accomplished by applying to the edge members, as by dipping or the like, a chemical agent which will close the corrugation, pockets. For example, a heavy solution of sodium silicate may be applied. The chemical agent will run back into each corrugation pocket for a short distance, as for example one-half inch, and fill the corrugation pocket. It is, of course, necessary that the filling agent for the corrugation be one that will not be melted at the temperature at which the rosin is poured. Sodium silicate admirably fulfills this purpose, as it has an exceedingly high melting point, much above that of the res 11.

Any sealing agent may be employed which is chemically and physically inert towards the rosin and which is not soluble in the rosin at the temperature at which the rosin is poured.

Another method of closing the corrugation pockets and preventing loss of rosin is to flatten the corrugations by pressure, said pressure being sufllcient to cause the flattened corrugations and the inner and outer corrugation liners to become a substantially unitary member, incapable of being opened by the pressure of the liquid rosin in the carton. It may be stated that the carton is 18 inches in heighth, and the cross sectional dimensions are 9 inches and 18 inches.

The outer bottom members iBh and iii of the carton after they have been treated and brought to their closed position, are fixed in place by a sealing strip of paper 38 or any other material which has sufficient strength to keep the bottom members Hit and I57 in the sealed position when the material has the liquid rosin or solidified rosin therein. After the bottom members of the carton have been treated as specified, the carton is placed in its-supporting frame and is ready for receiving the liquid or molten rosin.

One advantage inherent in the packaging of the rosin in a carton of the character herein described is that the cartons lend themselves to easy storage and shipment, in that they are symmetrical and stack well.

Instead of using a supporting frame, such as set forth in Figure 2, the pouring and cooling and solidification steps may be carried out while the carton is in a supporting frame such as shown in Figure 7, where the supporting frame 39 on all its sides is provided with heavy reinforced mesh wire 40, the wire having sufllcient strength to prevent the carton sides from bulging out upon introduction of the rosin into the carton, said mesh sides simultaneously affording contact with the colder atmospheric air in order to facilitate cooling an solidification.

It is within the province of the present invention to use any container which has a paper base. that is, in which the essential constituent is paper or paper pulp. It is recognized that there may be admixed with the paper pulp other constituents, but these constituents must-be relatively inert to the liquid or molten rosin. Of course, the carton material must not char at the temperature of the molten rosin, or in any manner have its tensile strength reduced by contact with the molten rosin. Further, there should be substantially no chemical interaction with the molten rosin. These collectively furnish the criterion governing the characteristics which the carton material must have, subject, of course, to the limitation that the carton material must be of adequate tensile strength.

As shown, the door member 20 is provided with hooks 4| and 42 adapted to fit into the eyes l3 and 44 fastened onto the side wall 23 of the sup- 2 porting frame [6.

I claim: 1. The method of packaging rosin comprising introducing rosin into a carton having a paper base as its essential constituent, the inner wall of the carton carrying a coating'or impregnation of sodium silicate minimizing the absorption of the rosin by the carton material, the rosin while it is being introduced into the carton being maintained at a temperature between 150 F. and 350 F., and cooling and solidifying the rosin in said carton and closing the same.

2. A package comprising in situ solidified resin and a carton therefor provided with an inner liner carrying a coating or impregnation of sodium silicate minimizing the absorption of the resin at a temperature as high as 350 F., said coating being substantially insoluble in the resin.

3. A package comprising in situ solidified resin and a carton therefor provided with an inner liner carrying a coating or impregnation of sodium silicate minimizing the absorption of the rosin ata temperature as high as --350 F., said coating being substantially insoluble in the rosin.

cfmRLEs CRUM GILLICAN.

r CERTIFICATE OF cxamcnonf. Patent No. 2,259,055. I Y October 11;, 19in.

CHARLES cmm GILLICAN It is hereby certified that the above numbered patent was erroneously issued to Charles Orum Gillican, of Homerville, Georgia, assignor, by niesne assignments, to The Giidden Company, of Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio, Whereas said patent should have been issued to Charles drum Gil1ican, of Homerville, Georgia, assignor, by direct and means as eiga'ments, of one-half to The Rosa Company, of Homerville, Georgia, a corporation of Georgia, and one-half to' The Glidden Company, of Cleve land, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio, as shown by the record of assignments in this office; andthat the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to, the record of the case. in the Patent Office.

' Bignedind sealed this 17th day of March, A. D. 1912.

Henry 'Van Arsdale, 'l Acting Commissioner of Patents.

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