US2252599A - Television receiver synchronizing system - Google Patents

Television receiver synchronizing system Download PDF

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Publication number
US2252599A
US2252599A US262846A US26284639A US2252599A US 2252599 A US2252599 A US 2252599A US 262846 A US262846 A US 262846A US 26284639 A US26284639 A US 26284639A US 2252599 A US2252599 A US 2252599A
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synchronizing
signal
components
line
frequency
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US262846A
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Harold M Lewis
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BAE Systems Aerospace Inc
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Hazeltine Corp
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Priority to US22390D priority Critical patent/USRE22390E/en
Priority to NL59197D priority patent/NL59197C/xx
Application filed by Hazeltine Corp filed Critical Hazeltine Corp
Priority to US262846A priority patent/US2252599A/en
Priority to FR868566D priority patent/FR868566A/fr
Priority to GB3639/40A priority patent/GB540014A/en
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Publication of US2252599A publication Critical patent/US2252599A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/04—Synchronising
    • H04N5/08—Separation of synchronising signals from picture signals
    • H04N5/10—Separation of line synchronising signal from frame synchronising signal or vice versa
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/04—Synchronising
    • H04N5/08—Separation of synchronising signals from picture signals

Definitions

  • This invention relates to television receivers and particularly to scanning-wave generator synchronizing systems for such receivers.
  • sawtooth current or voltage waves are generated and utilized to produce, respectively, electromagnetic or electrostatic fields of saw-tooth wave form which deflect thebeam in two directions normal to each other, therebyto trace upon the target the well-known rectilinear scanning pattern comprising fields of parallel lines.
  • Synchronizing components of the received signal are utilized to control the operation of the scanning-wave generators, thereby to synchronize the scanning action with other related actions in the system.
  • synchronizing pulses or components corresponding to the initiations of successive lines and fields are usually transmitted as a composite synchronizing signal impressed as modulation upon a television carrier wave together with the video-frequency signal.
  • modulated-carrier .wave is detected and the linesynchronizing and field-synchronizing components are separated from the video-frequency signal and from each other and are utilized to synchronize the line-frequency and field-frequency scanning-wave generators with the corv responding apparatus at the wave generators with the corresponding apparatus at the transmitter.
  • the field-synchronizing components must, therefore;
  • field-synchronizing pulses therefore, are consid-- ered tobe eifectively separated when the fieldsynchronizing components are derived from the composite wave in a form suitable for use independent of the line-synchronizing components.
  • a television receiver synchronizing system adapted for utilizing a composite synchronizing signal including recurrent line-synchronizing and field-synchronizing components of the same polarity, comprises a synchronizing circuit for a scanning wave generator adapted to bei energized by one type of the components.
  • the system also includes means for delaying the composite signal, for a predetermined period such that certain of the synchronizing components of the other type substantially coincide in time with corresponding components of the composite signal without substantially changing the wave form of the delayed signal, and for reversing the rela- "developed by the combining means.
  • the system includes means for combining the delayed-reversedpolarity signal with the undelayed signal to develop a resultantsignal comprising eflectively separated synchronizing components of the above-mentioned one type with at least certain of the synchronizing components of the other type suppressed, as well as means coupling thecombining means to the synchronizing circuit.
  • the synchronizing circuit is adapted to be energized at the initiations of both the traceand retracescanning periods by pulses of opposite polarity
  • the delay may be for different periods. For example, it may be equal in duration to half of a line scanning period, to a whole line-scanning period,
  • synchronizing-signal component is employed to describe an amplitude variation of a synchronizing signal which includes a departure from a given value and a subsequent return to such value after a greater or lesser period.
  • field-synchronizing component may, for example,
  • Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram, partially schematic, of a complete television receiving system including scanning-wave generating and synchronizing apparatus embodying the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a modified form of the synchronizing apparatus of Fig. 1
  • Figs. 3 and 4 are groups of curves illustrating the wave forms of synchronizing-signal components utilized and developed in accordance with the present invention, to aid in the understanding thereof
  • Fig. 5 is a frequency diagram
  • Figs. 6 and 7 are curves illustrating certain characteristics of the apparatus shown in Fig. 2.
  • the signals are impressed on a frequency changer in the translator [2 wherein they are converted into an intermediate-frequency signal and thereupon further selectively amplified.
  • the amplified signal from the translator I2 is delivered to the detector IS in which there are developed modulation-frequency components including the videofrequency and synchronizing-signal components.
  • the modulation-frequency components are supplied to the video-frequency amplifier ll, wherein they are amplified and from which they are applied in the usual manner to a brillianc'y-control element of the reproducing device IS.
  • the modulation-frequency components are also supplied to the separator l8, wherein the composite synchronizing signal is separated from the videofrequency signal.
  • the composite synchronizing signal is applied directly to -the line-scanning generator I! and also to the separating apparatus the drawings, there is illustrated a television .recelving system which may be of eitherthe tuned radio-frequency or superheterodyne type and including, in cascade, an antenna-ground system III, II, a carrier-frequency translator I2,
  • the intensity 'ofthe beam of the reproducing device 15 is modulated or controlled in accordance with the video-frequency voltages impressed on its control electrode in the usual manner
  • Saw-tooth scanning waves are developed lfithe generators I1 and I8, controlled by the synchronizing-signal components supplied from the units l6 and I9, and are utilized in the conventional manner to deflect the beam, for example, topro- -duce electric fields of saw-tooth wave form which deflect the cathode ray of a signal-reproducing tube, in two directions normal to each other so as to trace the usual rectilinear scanning pattern upon the target' of the device, thereby to reconstruct the transmitted picture.
  • the'television receiver synchronizing system including the separating apparatus l9 preferably comprises a-pair of signal-translating channels including, respectively,
  • the generators" l1 and I8 have their outputcircuits connected to the scanning elements of ⁇ the device 15 in conventional manner.
  • the generator l8 may be of a design, such as is shown in applicants copending application Serial No. ,224,023;"filed August 10, 1938, and include a'synchronizing or input circuit to which synchronizing wave components may be applied each comprising two pulses of opposite polarity corresponding to the initiations of retrace and trace-periods, whereby the generator is synchronized at these times.
  • Those parts of the system indicated in units Ill-41, inclusive, may -be of any conventional construction and'oplated-carrier waves are intercepted by the antenna l0, H and selectively amplified in the vacuum-tube amplifiers 20 and 2
  • is coupled, by way of a delay filter network 22, to a reversing amplifier tube 23, the tubes 20 and 23 having a common output circuit comprising a resistor 24 and inductance 25 in series.
  • a small capacitance 23a comprising in whole or in part the inherent -circuit capacitance, may be included in shunt with the output circuit 24, 25.
  • the delay filter network may be of anysuitable construction, for example, a ladder filter comprising seriesinductance arms 26 and shunt-condenser arms 21 with terminating resistors 28 and 29, as shown.
  • the input terminals of the network 22 are connected across a load resistor 3
  • the circuit elements of the network 22 may be proportioned to provide a delay of the wave translated thereby of any desired predetermined duration for effecting suppression of undesired components in the composite signal, as will presently he explained. In one case the delay may of such periods.
  • hali,a 1ineoi-a whole line-scanning period; and in other cases, to the duration of an integral multiple of half line-scanning periods or to any other suitable periods.
  • the composite synchronizing signal developed by the separator I6 is impressed on the input circuits 01' v the tubes and 2
  • the wave form of;,the composite synchronizing signal as it appears in the output circuit of each of the tubes 20 and 2lof the apparatus I9 may be as represented by curve A of Fig. 3.
  • This particular wave form is onewellknown form of composite synchronizing signal and includes recurrent line-synchronizing com ponents or pulses L, recurrent field-synchroniz ing components F, only one being shown, and
  • each fleldsynchronizing component comprises a plurality of successive adjacent pulses.
  • Generator I8 is adapted to be synchronized by one oi the types of pulses of the wave form A of Fig. 3, specifically the field-synchronizing pulses F.
  • the composite synchronizing signal A is repeated in the output circuits of the tubes 20 and 2
  • a predetermined delay for example, a delay equal to the duration of a one-half line-scanning period, a whole line-scanning period, or a multiple
  • the delay is such that certain of the synchronizing components of the other type, specifically, line-synchronizing pulses, substantially coincide in time with corresponding components of the original composite signal without substantially changing the 'wave form of the delayed signal.
  • the delayed wave is thereupon impressed upon the input electrodes of the tube 23 which repeats it in its output circuit with reversed polarity; that is, the relative p0 larity of the delayed signal with reference to the undelayed composite synchronizing signal is reversed.
  • the delayed-reversed-polarity wave such as is developed when the delay is equal to one-half the duration of a line-scanning period, is illustrated by curve B in Fig. 3. wave is combined with the undelayed Wave in the common output circuit of the tubes 20 and 23, certain of the synchronizing-signal components overlap and thus neutralize each other and there is developed in this. common output circuit.
  • ant wave therefore, may be utilized to energize the synchronizing circuit of the field-scanning generator l8, thereby to synchronize thisgenerator at the initiations of both the traceand retrace-scanning periods.
  • scanning-wave generstore of the types conventionally utilized are synchronized by the application 0! control pulses thereto just prior to the points of time when they would otherwise independently commence the parts 01' the .cycle of operation which the control pulses initiate. Except for a small portion'oi a cycle immediately prior to these points or time, the generators are insensitive to control pulses so that, in the case oI-field-scanning generators, any line-synchronizing components which are not suppressed and which are substantially displaced from the field-synchronizing components do not interfere with the proper synchronization of the field-scanning generator. Where the composite wave does not include alternate pulses it will be appreciated that a delay of a-iull line-scanning period or an integral multiple of such period, instead oi a halt-line scanning period as illustrated by curve B in Fig. 3,.
  • delay may, if desired, be utilized in such a wave as illustrated by curve A in Fig. 3, the only difference in the result being that all the line-synchronizing and alternate pulses, except an alternate pulse at the beginning and end of the periodv during which the alternate pulses occur, are suppressed and each of the single pulses Sr and St is replaced by a field-synchronizing pulse and an adjacent alternate pulse of the same polarity.
  • the invention may thus be utilized with various different types of composite synchronizing, signals and its operation is independent or the relative wave forms of the line-synchronizing and field-synchronizing components of the signal; that is, their durations, wave forms, .or amplitudes.
  • curve A illustrates the wave form of a composite synchronizing signal 01' a particular typewhich can be utilized only with the separating system of the present invention.
  • the field-synchronizing pulses F are oi lesser amplitude than the line-synchronizing pulses, so that they cannot be separated byan amplitudeclipper type of amplitude limiting means.
  • these pulses have areas and durations.
  • the delay circuit of the system of the present invention is proportioned to effect a delay equal to one line-- scanning period or an integral multiple thereof.
  • the delayed-reversed-polarity wave, as developed by the system and applied to the combining means, is illustrated by curve B, while curve C i1- lustrates the resultant derived wave with the line-synchronizing pulses suppressed.
  • Capacitance 23a comprises means for dissipating residual difierence pulses from the combining means including the output circuit of tubes 20 and 23.
  • the invention may be embodied in various difl'erent types of filter-delay apparatus.
  • One example of a modified form of the apparatus I! of Fig. l is shown in Fig. 2.
  • the apparatus comprises a single input tube 32 and the delay, polarity-reversing, and combining means are embodied in a single dead-end filter circuit indicated generally at 33.
  • the tube 32 may be similar to the tube ii of Fig. 1 and the filter circuit-is coupled across the load resistor 3la thereof by a condenser 33a.
  • the circuit 33 comprises a low-pass filter including input terminals across which a terminating resistor 34 is connected and to which is coupled an m-derived half-section including a series arm comprising an inductance 35 and a shunt arm comprising a series-connected inductance 36 and condenser 31, and a series of constant-k whole sections individually comprising series-inductance arms 33 and shunt-condenser arms 33, and an additional series-inductance arm 33a.
  • the filter is shortcircuited at the remote terminals, as indicated at 40.
  • composite synchronizing signal is applied to the input electrodes of the tube 32, is repeated in its output circuit, and is applied to theinput terminals of the filter 33. Due to the fact that there is an improper termination or mismatching at the end of the filter remote from the input terminals, an electrical wave which is the image of the applied wave is reflected from the shortcirculted terminals and appears, after a predetermined delay, across the input terminals.
  • the time delay of the filter is made one-half of the desired time delay, for example, a quarter In the operation of the systemof Fig. 2, the
  • Fig. 5 is a frequency scale, indicating at F: the fundamental frequency of a field-synchronizing pulse, at 2F1, 3E1, etc., its progressively higher harmonic frequencies, and indicating at F1 9. related fundamental frequency of a line-synchronizing pulse and at 2F1, 3F1, etc., its progressively higher harmonic frequencies.
  • the circuit 33 of Fig. 2 is essentially a twoterminal filter network which couples the tube' 32 to the synchronizing or input circuit 01' the field-frequency scanning-wave generator.
  • the input impedance of the circuit 33 is a pure reactance which varies with frequency between plus and minus infinity, as illustrated by the curve of Fig. 6.
  • This figure is not drawn to scale, but is merely intended to show the critical points.
  • Such a system inherently has zero reactance at a particular fundamental frequency and vmultipleil thereof and it behaves as a family of resonant traps connected in parallel branches. It is a wellknown equivalent of an ideal reflecting transmission line.
  • the impedance characteristic of the circuit assumes the form. i11ustrated by the curve of Fig. 7.
  • the circuit .thus behaves as a multiple band filter whichsuppresses or eliminates a particular fundamental frequency component, in the present case, the line-synchronizing fundamental frequency component and its harmonic-frequency components.
  • the filter Since the filter is shortcircuited at its remote end, the reflected wave is of opposite polarity to that of the original wave, and, hence, the applied and delayed waves in this case have the same wave forms and phase relation as in the system of Fig. l and as illustrated by curves A and B of Fig. 3.
  • the resultant wave developed across the resistor 34 which comprises a combination of the delayed and undelayed waves, is as illustrated by curve C in Fig. 3 and may be applied by a suitable lead 4
  • synchronizing pulses are represented in the composite signal by frequency components including a fundamental frequency component of, for example, 60 cycles in the case of the fieldfrequency pulses as well as harmonic-frequency components of 120 cycles, 240 cycles, 480 cycles, etc., in the case mentioned.
  • a television receiver synchronizing system adapted for utilizing a composite synchronizing signal including recurrent line-synchronizing and field-synchronizing components of the same polarity, comprising a synchronizing circuit for a scanning-wave generator adapted to be energized by one type of said components, means for delaying said composite signal for a predetermined period such that cerain of said synchronizing components of the ther type substancomposite signal, means for combining the delayed-reversed-polarity signal with the undelayed signal to develop a resultant signal com prising effectively separated synchronizing components of said one type with at least said certain of the synchronizing components of the other typesuppressed, and means coupling said combining means to said synchronizing circuit,
  • a television receiver synchronizing system adapted for utilizing a composite synchronizing signal including recurrent line-synchronizing and field-synchronizing components of the same polarity, comprising a synchronizing circuit ior a field-frequency scanning-wave generator, means for delaying said composite signal for a predetermined period such that certain of said line-synchronizing components substantially co-' incide in time with corresponding components of said composite signal without substantially changing the wave form of the delayed signal and for reversing the relative polarity of the delayed signal with reference to said composite signal, means for combining the delayed-reversed-polarity signal with the undelayed signal to develop a resultant signal comprising effectively separated field-synchronizing components with at least said certain of the line-synchronizing components suppressed, and means coupling said combining means to said synchronizing circuit.
  • a television receiver synchronizing system adapted for utilizing a composite synchronizing signal including recurrent line-synchronizing and field-synchronizingcomponents and alternate pulse components between line-synchronizing components-adjacent said field-synchronizing components, all of said pulses having the same polarity, comprising a synchronizing circoupling said combining means to said synchronizingcircuit.
  • a television receiver synchronizing system adapted for utilizing a composite synchronizing signal including recurrent line-synchronizing and field-synchronizing components of the same polarity, comprising a synchronizing circuit for a field-frequency scanning-wave generator, means for delaylngsaid composite signal for a predetermined period equal to the duration of an integral multiple of a one-half line-scanning period without substantially changing the wave form of the delayed signal and for reversing the relative polarity of the delayed signal with reference to said composite signal, means for combining the delayed -reversed-polarity signal with the undelayed ignal to develop a resultant signal comprising effectively separated field-synadapted for utilizing a composite synchronizing time with corresponding components ofsaid composite signal without substantially changing the I ouit for a field-frequency scanning-'wavegenerator, means for delaying said composite signal for a predetermined period equal to the duration of a one-halfline-scannin'g period without substantially changing the wave form of the delayed signal and for ,revers
  • a television receiver synchronizing system adapted for utilizing a composite synchronizing signal including recurrent line-synchronizing and field-synchronizing components of the same polarity, comprising a synchronizing circuit for a field-frequency scanning-wave generator, means for delaying said composite signal for a predetermined period equal to the duration'of a linescanning period without substantially changing the wave form of the delayed signal and for reversing the relative polarity'of the delayed signal with reference to said-composite signal, means for combining the delayed-reversed-polarity signal with the undelayed signal to develop a resultant signal, comprising effectively separated field-synchronizing components with said linesynchronizing components suppressed, and means chronlzing components with at least certain of the line-synchronizing components suppressed, and means coupling said combining means to said synchronizing circuit.
  • a television receiver synchronizing system signal including recurrent line-synchronizing components and field-synchronizing components corresponding in frequency to scanning periods and of the same polarity, comprising a synchronizing circuit for a field-frequency scanningwave generator adapted to be energized at the initiations oi.
  • both traceand retrace-scanning periods by pulses of opposite polarity meansfor delaying said-signal for a predetermined fraction of the duration of said field-synchronizing components such that certain of said line-synchronizing components substantially coincide in wave form of the delayed signal and for reversing the relative polarity of the delayed signal with reference to said composite signal, means for combining the delayed-reversed-polarity signal with the undela'yed signal to develop a resultant signal comprising effectively separated field-synchronizing components each including two spaced pulses of opposite polarity corresponding to the initiations of trace and retrace field-scanning periods with at least certain of said line-synchronizing components suppressed, and means coupling said combining means to said synchronizing circuit.
  • a television receiver synchronizing system comprising an input circuit adapted to have impressed thereon a composite synchronizing signal including recurrent line-synchronizing and field-synchronizing components of the same polarity, comprising a synchronizing circuit for a scanning-wave generator adapted to be energizedby one type of said components, means coupled to the said input circuit for delaying said composite signal for apredetermined period such that certain ofsaid synchronizing components of the other type substantially coincide in time with corresponding components of said composite slgnal without substantially changingthe wave form of the delayed signal and for reversing the relative polarity of the delayed signal with reference to said composite signal, a combining-circuit coupled to said delay and reversing means and to said input circuit for combining the delayed-reversed-polarity signal with the undelayed signal of opposite polarity to develop a resultant signal comprising effectively separated synchronizing components of said one type with at least said certain of the components of the other type suppressed, and means coupling said combining circuit to said synchronizing circuit.
  • a television receiver synchronizing system adapted for utilizing a composite synchronizing signal including recurrent line-synchronizing and field-synchronizing components of the same polarity occurring during predetermined recurrent scanning intervals, comprising a synchro nizing circuit for a field-frequency scanningwave generator adapted to be energized at the initiation of traceand retrace-scanning periods by pulses of opposite polarity, means for delaying said composite synchronizing signal for a predetermined period such that certain of said line-synchronizing components substantially coincide in time with corresponding components of said composite signal without substantially changing the wave form of the delayed signal and for reversing the relative polarity of the delayed signal with reference to said composite signal, means for combining the delayed-reversed-polarity signal with the undelayed signal of opposite polarity to develop a resultant signal comprising effectively separated field-frequency synchronizing components each including pulses of opposite polarity corresponding to the initiations of traceand retrace-scanning periods with at least said certain of the line-synchronizing pulse
  • a television receiver synchronizing system adapted for utilizing a composite synchronizing signal including recurrent line-synchronizing and field-synchronizing components of the same polarity, comprising a synchronizing circuit for a field-frequency scanning-wave generator, an input circuit, a pair of signal-translating channels connected in parallel to said input circuit, one of said channels comprising a filter network for delaying said signal for a predetermined pesignal combined with the undelayed signal providing effectively separated field-synchronizing components, and means coupling said output circult to said synchronizing circuit.
  • a television receiver synchronizing system adapted for utilizing a composite synchronizing signal including recurrent line-synchronizing and field-synchronizing components of the same polarity, comprising a synchronizing circuit for a field-frequency scanning-wave generator, means for delaying said signal for a predetermined period substantially equal to the duration of an integral multiple of a one-half line-scanning period without substantially changing the wave form of the delayed signal and for reversing therelative polarity of the delayed signal with reference to said composite signal, means for combining the delayed-reversed-polarity signal with the undelayed signal to develop a resultant signal comprising effectively separated field-'- synchronizing components with at least said certain of the line-synchronizing components suppressed, means for dissipating residual difference pulses from said combining means, and means coupling said combining means to said synchronizing circuit.
  • a television receiver synchronizing system adapted for utilizing a composite synchronizing signal including recurrent line-synchronizing and field-synchronizing components of the same 12.
  • a television receiver synchronizing system comprising an input circuit adapted to be energized by a composite synchronizing signal including recurrent line-synchronizing and fieldsynchronizing pulses having fundamental and harmonic-frequency components, a synchronizing circuit for a field-frequency scanning-wave generator adapted to be energized by said fieldsynchronizing pulses, and frequency-selective means coupling said synchronizing circuit to said input circuit responsive to components oflsaid field-synchronizing pulses including the fundamental component and at least one harmonic component of a frequency higher than the fundamental frequency component of the line-synchronizing pulses, said frequency-selective means being also substantially unresponsive to a plurality of said line-synchronizing components including the fundamental frequency component thereof.
  • a television receiver synchronizing'system comprising an input circuit adapted to be energized by a composite synchronizing signal inpolarity, comprising a synchronizing circuit for a field-frequency scanning-Wave generator, an input circuit adapted to have said composite signal impressed thereon, a dead-end filter network having its input terminals coupled to said input circuit and adapted to reflect said composit signal with a predetermined time delay such that certain of said line-synchronizing components substantially coincide in time with cor-'- responding components of said composite signal without substantially changing the wave form of the delayed signal and a reversal in its polarity, an output circuit coupled to said filter network input terminals for deriving a resultant signal comprising a delayed-reversed-polarity cluding recurrent line-synchronizing and fieldsynchronizing pulses having fundamental and harmonic-frequency components, comprising a synchronizing circuit for a scanning-wave generator adapted to be energized by said fieldsynchronizing pulses, and frequency-selective means coupling said synchronizing circuit to said
  • a television receiver synchronizing system comprising an input circuit adapted to be energized by a composite synchronizing signal including recurrent line-synchronizing and fieldsynchronizing pulses having fundamental and harmonic-frequency components, comprising a synchronizing circuit for a scanning-wave generator adapted to be energized by one of said types of pulses, and means coupling said syn- 7 componentstliereoi separated from said fundamental frequency component by one or more 1 synchronizing pulses having fundamental and harmonic-frequency components, comprising a synchronizing circuit for a scanning-wave generator adapted to be energized vby said fieldsynchronizing pulses, an input circuit adapted to be energized by said composite signal, and means coupling said synchronizing circuit to said input circuit comprising a multiple band-pass filter for translating said signal adapted substantially to suppress said line-synchronizing fundamental frequencycomponents without substantially attenuating adjacent field-synchronizing pulse harmonic-frequency components.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
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  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
US262846A 1939-03-20 1939-03-20 Television receiver synchronizing system Expired - Lifetime US2252599A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US22390D USRE22390E (en) 1939-03-20 Television eeceiveb synchronizing
NL59197D NL59197C (US20100268047A1-20101021-C00003.png) 1939-03-20
US262846A US2252599A (en) 1939-03-20 1939-03-20 Television receiver synchronizing system
FR868566D FR868566A (fr) 1939-03-20 1940-02-24 Systèmes de synchronisation de générateurs d'ondes de balayage en télévision
GB3639/40A GB540014A (en) 1939-03-20 1940-02-27 Television scanning-wave generator synchronizing systems

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FR (1) FR868566A (US20100268047A1-20101021-C00003.png)
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US2761010A (en) * 1951-10-20 1956-08-28 Zenith Radio Corp Vertical synchronizing pulse selector
US2763718A (en) * 1951-11-30 1956-09-18 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Field synchronizing pulse selector
US2943151A (en) * 1954-11-26 1960-06-28 Philco Corp Signal drop-out system

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2626352A (en) * 1943-03-18 1953-01-20 Luis W Alvarez Pulse discriminating circuit
US2640983A (en) * 1943-07-31 1953-06-02 Stokes Irving Pulse-echo signal display system
US2487522A (en) * 1943-12-23 1949-11-08 Candeland Harold Electrical signaling system
US2505556A (en) * 1944-12-30 1950-04-25 Raytheon Mfg Co Electrical pulse generator
US2493379A (en) * 1945-02-16 1950-01-03 Eric W Anderson Pulse generating circuit
US2543454A (en) * 1945-04-03 1951-02-27 Erwin R Gaerttner Radio responder beacon system
US2580213A (en) * 1945-04-18 1951-12-25 Bess Leon Pulse discrimination circuit responsive to double sets of pulses
US2577147A (en) * 1946-03-23 1951-12-04 Roelof M M Oberman Arrangement for the identification of potential differences
US2576617A (en) * 1946-09-11 1951-11-27 Hazeltine Research Inc Pulse-discriminating system
US2539465A (en) * 1947-12-01 1951-01-30 Int Standard Electric Corp Television pulse and sound separator
US2552139A (en) * 1948-06-17 1951-05-08 Philco Corp Electrical system
US2703364A (en) * 1948-10-18 1955-03-01 Birnbaum Milton Filter system
US2623998A (en) * 1949-03-03 1952-12-30 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Device for obtaining from a pulse another pulse of accurately predetermined duration
US2722601A (en) * 1949-08-01 1955-11-01 Electronique & Automatisme Sa Electric impulse counting chains
US2797403A (en) * 1950-02-10 1957-06-25 Gen Electric Recording system
US2906872A (en) * 1955-05-05 1959-09-29 Charles W Johnstone Rise time delay discriminator
US3073902A (en) * 1957-05-08 1963-01-15 Itt Multichannel communication system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR868566A (fr) 1942-01-07
NL59197C (US20100268047A1-20101021-C00003.png)
GB540014A (en) 1941-10-02
USRE22390E (en) 1943-11-09

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