US224088A - Type-writing machine - Google Patents

Description

J. B. HAMMOND. Type-Writing Machine.

No. 224,088. Patented Feb. 3, I880.

UNITE STATES PAT NT OFFICE.

JAMES-B. HAMMOND, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 224,088, dated February 3, 1880.

Application filed November 24, 1875.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JAMES B. HAMMOND, of Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Type'WVriters; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

The object of my invention, which relates to type-writers, is to simplify and to render more cfficient those parts connected with the operation of the hammer, the signal, and the feed mechanism of the paper-carrier.

These improved devices and the'principle of their operation I have herein after fully setforth and particularly indicated in the claims.

Heretofore in type-writers of the class to which my invention appertains the impression-hammer has in some cases been provided with a separate spring, which was set for the stroke by the direct force applied through the key-levers. This arrangement requires an amount of force to be applied to the keys which detracts from the delicacy of action of the instrument. The escapement for the stepby-step movement of the paper-carriers has also been heretofore made in aform less practicable for actual use in such machines.

I have devised a methodtof effecting the cooking of the hammer for each stroke by the same force and movement which causes the movement of the paper-carriage. V

In the drawings hereunto attached, and forming part of this specification, Figure l is a perspective, and Fig. 2 a rear elevation, of my apparatus detached from the machine.

In these drawings that may be required for any style of machine.

It is pivoted on a standard, B. The tail a of the hammer extends horizontally underneath the carrier-bar b of the papercarriage, and is formed with an offset, 0, set at right angles to the tail a. On this offset is pivoted a dog, cl, which may swing laterally into connection with an escapement-wheel, D, and when so in connect1on,and the said wheel is turned in the direction of the arrow, the tail of the hammer is lifted and the hammer pressed back against its spring and set for a stroke.

The amount of motion of the hammer is the hammer is represented at A. It is of the shape adapted to my special properly limited by the shoulder of the frame 6 above and the stop f below, so that the escapement-wheel may lift the tail-piece only a limited distance, regulated in amount, for purposes hereinafter explained, hut sufficient always to move the impression-hammer clear of the paper and to give a stroke of proper force.

In order to trip the hammer and allow it to strike the paper, Ihave provided another pivoted dog, G, of which one arm, g, extends over the escapement-wheel, and is provided with a catch adapted to catch over the teeth of the escapement-wheel. Another arm, It, extends in the opposite direction beneath the end of a spring, t, which tends to keep it depressed, with the catch on the other end, 9, out of engagement.

A third arm extends downward from a point a little to one side of the pivot of the dog, and is slotted to receive a pin, 70, fixed in the dog a. When the arm his depressed by the spring, and. the catch in arm 9 is out of gear, the slotted arm is thrown toward the escapement-wheel, and the dog d thereby carried into gear with thesaid wheel. As it is intended that the escapement-wheel shall always be moved in the direction of the arrow with force at all times greater than that of the spring I, which gives the stroke of the hammer, it is apparent that when. the dog 01 is in gear with the tooth of the escapementwheel the said wheel will lift the tail 'of the hammer and hold it in position for the stroke until, by-the elevation of the arm h, thedog d is disconnected from the escapement-wheel, when the spring Z will cause the hammer to strike. This motion of the dog G is effected by the key-levers E, which may bear against a lug, on, on the arm h, or against an intermediate lever or frame, F, whereby said keylever lifts the said arm h, and throws the dog upon the end of. the hammer-tail out of connection.

The dog c7, and the catch uponvthe end of the arm 9 act together, and in connection with the wheel D, as an escapement; and it will be observed that the parts should be so arranged that the catch on arm g will stand when the wheel 1) has lifted the tail of the hammer to its 1imits,with its face in the same plane as the vertical face of the tooth on the escapement-wheel, so that the arm g is pressed down into gear by the same movement which throws the dog (I out of gear, and upward out of gear by the reverse movement of the dog d. It is therefore manifest that there can be but a very slight rotary movement of the wheel, except when it is lifting the dog and setting the hammer.

It is necessary, as a matter of course, that all the key-levers should be in position to operate the dog.

For the purpose of illustrating the invention, it is sufficient to show but onekey-lever and its method of operating on the dog G. Modes of connection with all the key-levers are easy, and would present, for a skilled workman, no special difficulty. I have shown in Fig. 1 how a bent bar, F, may be pivoted at its ends to standards, while the main part of the bar is sufficiently extended to be operated by any requisite number of key-levers, and lifted by all equally.

The bent end on one side may extend underneath the lug on the arm h, being pivoted to the rear of it, and will serve to operate the dog whatever key is struck.

The bar which forms part of the frame of the paper-carrier, or is connected thereto, is shown at b. It is provided with teeth on its lower edge, which gear into a pinion, p, on the end of the shaft of the escapement-wheel D.

The wheel D is loose on its shaft, and is provided with a pawl, 12, pivoted on its face, and with a spring, 0, which holds the pawl in contact with a ratchet-wheel on the side of the pinion.

Movement of the pinion 29 in the direction of the arrow will carry with it the escapementwheel, and will also carry the rack-bar H to the right, as the machine is represented in the figures. Any suitable kind of spring or weight may be applied either to the rack-bar or to the pinion.

I have shown, simply for illustration, the spring q, attached to the bar by one end, and to the post fixed to the frame by the other, so that its retraction tends to draw the bar to the right when the apparatus is in the position shown.

Every movement of the wheel D permitted by the escapement will therefore set the hammer, and at the same time shift the rack-bar, and with it the paper-carrier, so as to bring the paper in proper position to receive the impression from said hammer. The amount of movement imparted to said carriage must be suited to the space required between the letters printed. The order of the movements has been indicated. The stroke of the impressionhammer is given by the movement of the keylevers, tripping the dog (Z and allowingthe spring I to act. The release of the key-lever after it has been touched and the dog tripped permits the escapement-wheel-to move one notch, which resets the hammer, and at the same time moves the paper-carrier one space; or, if the spring is upon the frame or bar, as shown, the bar or frame is moved previously, and the pinion and wheel through the bar; but, obviously, the effect is the same in both cases. i

It is evident that the order of operation here described may be easily reversed, so that the hammer may be cocked by the depression of the key-levers, and tripped as the lever returns to a state of rest. This may be desirable in some forms and arrangements of the type mechanism. This would simply require that the spring should operate upon the under side of the arm h, holding the catch 9 within the escapement when at rest, the key-levers acting on the lug m in a direction opposite to that hereinbefore described.

In the application of this device to a typewriting machine, it is manifest that the parts may be connected in any convenient manner to the frame or foundation of such machine, and the special form of attachment as well as of parts may be greatly varied without departin g from the spirit of my invention.

It is manifest, also, that such an impressionhammer and carriage-escapemcnt maybe useful on many forms of machine where the type are upon a single piece, (plate, segment, bar,

&c.,) or upon separate pieces, when each type is impressed upon the paper by a hammer common to all the type.

The form of escapement shown may be advantageouslyfiised for the paper-carriage alone independently of connection with the hammer. In this case the (log 61, which forms practically one tooth of the escapement, is moved in the same way as now shown, by the key-levers directly or through an intermediate lever.

The ratchet-connection between the escapement-wheel and the pinion which gears into the carrier-bar permits the paper -carrier to be moved from right to left to begin the printing of a new line without interference with the escapement. The construction also permits, by means of a coiled spring attached to the pinion, or by means of a spring attached to the bar, of the storing up, in returning the carriage, of power to give the carriage the necessary step-by-step movement required for printlng.

approach to the end of the line, I have arranged a bell, K, (such as is ordinarily used for the purpose,) upon the end of the bar I). It

is held upon the bar by the frictional contact therewith of a clamp, r, so that the bell may be moved forward or backward upon the bar according to the required length of the line. On the hammer A is fixed the arm of a bellhammer, s, so arranged in relation to the bell that it will deliver a blow or several successive blows on said bell. The bell is adapted to pass over the bell-hammer, but near enough to receive the blow therefrom.

As a convenient means for indicating the Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Paten t, is-- 1. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with an impression-hammer, of a spring to cause it to strike, of a spring of greater force to set said hammer, and of a trip connected with the key-levers, as set forth.

2. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with an impression-hammer, of a spring to cause it to strike, of a paper-carriage, of a spring and escapement adapted to move the carriage the proper distance and also to set the hammer, and of a trip acted on by any one of the key-levers, as set forth.

3. In a type-writing. machine, the combina- 'tion, with a paper-carriage, of an escapementwheel operated by the key-levers, of a gearwheel connected to said paper-carriage by a rack-bar, of a pawl and ratchet between said escapement and gear-wheel, whereby the carriage may be moved in one direction without moving the escapement-wheel, and is permitted to move in the other direction only by the movement of the escapement-whee'l, all substantially as described.

4;. The combination of the dog Gr, hammer A, dog d,'and escapement-wheel D, the parts being moved and operated as set forth.

5. The combination of the dog GT, adapted to be moved by any one of the key-levers, of the dog 01, and hammer A with the wheel D and pinion 10, and with the rack-bar of the paper-carriage and suitable springs, as set forth.

6. The combination, with the paper-carriage, of an adjustable bell and of an arm'attached to the hammer, whereby the approach to the end of a line of writing is indicated, as described.

In testimony Whereof I have signed my name to this specification inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JAMES B. HAMMOND.

Witnesses WARREN SEELY, F. L. MIDDLETON.

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