US222014A - Improvement in air-compressors - Google Patents

Description

J. CLAYTON. Air-Compressor.

. No. 222,014. Patented Nov. 25, 1872.

L'UNITE'..TD STATES PATENT Grafton;

Y JAMES CLAYTON, OF BROOKLYN, NE-W YORK.

IM PROVENI ENT IN Al R-COM PARESSO RS.

` Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 222,014, dated November 25, 1879; application filed September 19, '1879. i

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it knownthat I, JAMES CLAYTON, of Brooklyn, in Kings county, and State of New York, have invented newand useful Improvements in Air-Compressors,` of which the following is a specification.

In working air-compressors a great amount of heat is generated wit-hin the air-cylinders, and in order to keep the cylinders cool they are commonly provided with a jacket, through which water is circulated. As the air is at its greatest pressure at the end of the stroke ofthe air-compressing piston,rit follows that the cylinder becomeshottest near the ends, and the expansion causesthe diameter at the ends to increase, leaving the diameter of the cylinder least atthe middle. From this cause the air-compressing piston will bind at the middle of the stroke and leak at the ends.

The object of my invention is to provide for maintaining an even temperature of the cylinder throughout its length, so that the rate of expansion shall be uniform, and variations in the diameter of the cylinder at different points be prevented.

'Io this end myinvention consists in an aircompressing cylinder, having a water-jacket, t-he water-inlets of which are at or near the two ends of the cylinder, and the water-outlet of which is at or near the middle of the length of the cylinder. When such cylinder is arranged horizontally its water-inlets will be at the top, with passages leading down each side thereof, thence towards the middle and up each side to the wateroutlet.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l represents a longitudinal section through an air-compressing cylinder embodying my invention; Fig. 2, a transverse section thereof on line 00 Fig. l; and Fig. 3, a plan, a portion of the cylinder itself being broken awayr to show the exterior of the lining with its pasv sages.

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures.

VA designates a double-actin g horizontal aircompressing cylinder, and B the heads thereof, one of which is provided with a stuffingbox, a, through which the piston-rod may pass. C designates valve-chests upon the top of the cylinder, which may contain inlet and outlet valves of any desired kind, but which, as they form no part of the present invention, are not here represented.

I) designates a removable lining, inserted in the cylinder, and provided at each end withl flanges or ribs l), for centering it* properly in the cylinder. This lining is so constructed as to form a jacket around the cylinder for t-he circulation of water or any other coolingagent.

E designates inlet-pipes for the water or other coolingagent, andF an outlet-pipe there for.

When the air-compressin g cylinder is placed horizontally, as here represented, the portion which will become `most highly heated is at the ends and upon the top, as the hot air rises and is discharged at the top of the cylinder.

When the cold water or other cooling-agent enters at the pipes E,it enters extended chambers Gr, extending nearly half the length of the cylinder, and from thence passes each side ofthe cylinder through openings c, down passages H, to the bottom of the cylinder, whence it passes longitudinallythrough openings d., to a central passage, I, and thence to the outlet-pipe F. A

The several passages are here formed by providing the lining D with ribs or iianges f, extending upon its exterior, and broken away so as to form openings for the passage of water at the proper points.

In lieu'f the removable lining, however, the several passages might be made within the casting of the cylinder.

It will be seen that the water upon entering, when it is coldest, comes in contact with the `warmest parts ot' the cylinder and abstracts more heat from such portions than it does from the middle portions; hence the temperature of the cylinder will be more nearly uniform throughout its length.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. An 'air-compressing cylinder, having a water-jacket, the waterinlets of which are at or near the two ends of the cylinder, and the water-outlet of which is at or near the middle of the length of the cylinder, substantially as specified. y

2. A horizontal aircompressing cylinder having a surrounding Water-juoket, 'tl1e Water-inlets of which are at or n'ear each end of the cylinder and at the top thereof', and in which are passages leading from the said inlets down each side of', and thence toward the middle of the length of the cylinder, and up each side thereof, to a Water-outlet near the middle of the length thereof, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

3. The horizontal air-compressing cylinder A, having a surrounding water-jacket composing the extended chambers G, on top and at each end ofthe cylinder, to which Water is admitted through the inlet E, the passages H leading. therefrom, down each side of the cylinder, and the passage I leading up each side ofthe cylinder to the outlet F, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

JAMES CLAYTON. Witnesses FREDK. HAYNEs, E. P. JEssUP.

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