US2216289A

US2216289A - Decalcomania transfer

Info

Publication number: US2216289A
Application number: US244895A
Authority: US
Inventors: Asnes Benjamin
Original assignee: Dennison Manufacturing Co
Current assignee: Dennison Manufacturing Co
Priority date: 1938-12-10
Filing date: 1938-12-10
Publication date: 1940-10-01
Anticipated expiration: 1957-10-01

Description

Oct. l, 1940.

B. AsNEs 2,216,289

DECALCOMANIA TRANSFER Filed Deo. l0, 1938 DECALCOMANIA Faereov:

,Bere 'au Tc Clays, Qym, Mag/ww will) @atente "i i 1940 Benjamin lianes, lFraimingham, ll/fass., assignor to Dennison Manufacturing tlornpany, iFramingham, llt/fase., a corporation of Massachusetts Application December llfl, lg3d, Serial No. Ztlffl In the manufacture of decalcomania transfer paper it is customary first to coat the paper With a sizing to prevent the subsequent coating of adhesive from striking into the paper, then to apply the adhesive coating and nally to apply the transfer design by repeated printings. The printings may be applied directly to the adhesive coating or to an intermediate lacquer coating applied over the adhesive. Without the lacquer coating a great many printings are required to give the transfer sufficient body to hold together while being transferred from the backing to its permanent mount, whereas the lacquer coating supplies the necessary strength irrespective of the number of printings.

To transfer the designs the paperis soaked in water until the adhesivecoating is softened sumciently to permit the design to be slipped or peeled off the backing, after which the design is permanently mounted on the article to be decorated by means of the adhesive which still adheres thereto. If the adhesive has a low degree of solubility too much time is required to loosen the design from the backing (about twenty seconds is commonly regarded as the limit) and if the adhesive has a high degree of solubility there is a tendency for substantially all the adhesive to wash off the transfer, leaving too little to mount the transfer satisfactorily. For various reasons the wash-off tendency is particularly pronounced in the case of transfers of the aforesaid lacquer type.

For the foregoing reasons it has been necessary, particularly in making transfers of the type including a lacquer coating, to adjust the characteristics of the adhesive, particularly its solubility, very carefully, or to select the adhesive from a limited number having the desired characteristics, in order to obtain quick separation and, at the same time, satisfactory mounting. It has also been necessary to exercise considerable care in the transfer process to guard against washing off too much adhesive from the design.

Objects of the present invention are to provide decalcomania transfers in which the designs can be quickly loosened from their backings without danger of leaving too little adhesive on the designs, to enlarge the range of adhesives suitable for the purpose, to avoid the necessity of exactitude in the degree of solubility of the adhesive, to avoid the exercise of undue care in gauging the time the transfer is left in the water for softening the adhesive, to afford good adhesion between the transfer and a great variety of sur- (i011. til-33) faces, and generally to improve the art of decalcomania transfers.

According to this invention the design is joined to the backing by two strata of adhesive of different solubility respectively, the stratum nearer the backing having a high degree of solubility to afford quick separation and the stratum nearer the design having a sufficiently low degree of solubility to remain substantially intact with the design after the first stratum has been dissolved, thereby affording ample adhesive for mounting the design. The latter stratum should also have a wide range of adhesive, that is, it should adhere well to a wide variety of surfaces; and, in the case of transfers having the aforesaid lacquer coating, it should of course adhere well to lacquer. To meet these requirements the preferred adhesives are dextrin having a high degree of solubility and a good water-moistenable gumming such as a high-grade gelatin or a water-soluble resin. The two strata are preferably applied as successive layers, the first coating being dried before the second coating is applied. Before the rst layer is applied the backing is preferably coated with a starch sizing; and after the second layer has dried a lacquer coating is preferably applied.

For the purpose of illustration a typical ernbodiment of the invention is shown in the accompanying drawing in which Fig. 1 is a face view of a circular decalcornania transfer;

Fig. 2 is a section on line f--t of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view illustrating the separation of the design from the backing; and

Fig. 4 is a sectional view showing the design mounted on its permanent support.

The particular embodiment of the invention chosen for the purpose of illustration comprises a backing B which is ordinarily formed of paper, a first coating S of starch sizing or other suitable sizing material, a second coating A' of dextrin or other quickly soluble adhesive, a third coating A of gelatin or other moderately soluble adhesive, a fourth coating L of lacquer or the like, and a fifth coating' in the form of the design printed on the lacquer coating. To remove the design from the backing the transfer is immersed in water as illustrated in Fig. 3 until the coating A softens sufficiently to permit the design to be slipped off the backing as indicated by the arrow in Fig. 3. Owing to the difference of solubility of the two layers A and A the layer A remains substantially intact after the layer A has largely dissolved away, and as shown in Fig. 4 the design is permanently mounted by means of the adhe.- sive. layer A.

The layer A preferably comprises a high-grade gelatin having a viscosity of 150 to 300 millipoises at 15 F. in a -12V2% concentration-with water. 'I'he gelatin is preferably plasticized with d-gluconic acid or other suitable plasticizer. The preferred formula for the layer A is as follows, all parts being by weight:

Parts Gelatine 25 Water 100 D-gluconic acid .(50% aqueous solution) 15 Glycerin 1 Gelatin is preferred because it affords a clear transparent and highly exible lm. The d-gluconic acid adds to the ilexibility of the film and also improves the adhesion to the lacquer llm.

L The amount of d-gluconlc acid may be varied i separation of the design and a gelatin coating lliviiig a relatively low degree of solubility and beingzlocated between the dextrin stratum and the design so as to remain substantially intact with the design when the dextrin stratum 1s dissolved, thereby assuring both quick separation and also ample adhesive for mounting the design.

2. Decalcomania material of the type comprising a backing, a layer of starch sizing on the backing, a separable design and intermediate adhesive temporarily holding the design on said layer, characterized in that the adhesive comprises two strata, a dextrin coating having a high degree of solubility to afford quick separation of the design and a gelatin coating having a relatively low degree of solubility and being located between the dextrin stratum and the design so as to remain substantially intact with the design when the dextrin stratum is dissolved, thereby assuring both quick separation and also ample adhesive for mounting the design.

3. Decalcomania material of the type comprising a backing, a separable design and intermediate adhesive temporarily holding the design on the backing, characterized in that the adhesive comprises two strata, a dextrin coating having a high degree of solubility to aiord quick separation of the design and a gelatin coating having a relatively low degree of solubility and being located between the dextrin stratum and the design so as to remain substantially intact with the design when the dextrin stratum is dissolved, said gelatin coating being plasticized with d-gluconic acid.

4. Decalcomania material of the type comprising a backing, a separable design and intermediate adhesive temporarily holding the design on the backing, the intermediate adhesive comprising a dextrin stratum having a high degree of solubility to afford quick separation of the design and. between said stratum and design, a gelatin stratum which has a lower degree of solubility and which is plasticized with d-gluconic acid.

BENJAMIN ASNES.