US2203885A - Liner for internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Description

June 11. 1940. K. WILCKEN ET AL 3, 5

LINER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES 1 Filed April 15,1939 g Patented June Ill, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE LINER. FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Karl Wilcken and Franz Kliempt, DessamWalter Fritz, Dessau-Ziebigln; and Wilhelm Heck, Dessau, Germany, assignors to Junkers Flugzeugund-Motorenwerke, Aktiengesellschaft, a corporation of Germany 6 Application April 15, 1939, Serial No. 268,102

In Germany April 16, 1938 the liners expand and distort under the heat from wall I1 is detachably secured to the jacket by any 5 the combustion gases and the friction from the conventional means, as by the bolts shown. Bepistons. Joint separation thus occurs despite the tween liners 4 and 6, said liners being of differuse of joint packing and gaskets, and the eflient diameter as shown, a connecting member I8 ciency of the engine is lowered by loss of comis inserted, liners 4 and 6 bearing against oppopresslon, site faces of member l8, the joints being sealed by 10 It is an object of the invention to construct a any heat-resisting packing material as shown at cylinder liner for an internal combustion en- 20 and 22. Member I8 is in freely slidable engine, which liner is movable without distortion gagement with embossment 24 formed on the infrom expansion due to the heat of the combusner surface of jacket 2. Liner 6 is provided with tion gases within the cylinder. projections 26 which are slidably mounted against Another object of the invention is to mount embossment 28 on the inner surface of jacket 2. cylinder liners in an engine so that simple joint The joint between projection 26 and embossment packings can be used and maintained. 26 may be sealed at 36 against the passage of Another object of the invention is to construct liquid from the cooling space between cylinder 9 a cylinder. which contains at least two cylinder liners 4 and 6 and jacket 2. Spring members 32 liners of different sizes, and in which said liners extend between the inner surface of end wall II are movable without distortion from expansion adjacent bore .16 and the projections 26 to urge due to the combustion heat generated within the the liner 6 toward opposite end wall'l of jacket 2. cylinders. The device is assembled and operates as fol- 5 A further object of the invention is to make a lows:

tight connection between two different sized lin- Liner 4 is inserted into jacket 2 and seated on ers in an internal combustion engine, the conpacking 12 on rabbeted edge In. Connecting nection not being distortable under the heat of member I8 is then inserted into the jacket and is combustion within the cylinders. packed at 20 with respect to liner 4. Liner 6 is 0 A further object oi the invention is to mainthen inserted into the jacket. Liners 4 and 6, 30

tain a tight packing between the connected ends together with member l8, are longitudinally movof two different sized cylinder liners in an interable within jacket 2. Springs 32 are inserted tonal combustion engine. gether with liner 6, which springs bear against Generally the objects of this invention are obflange 26 and force liner 6 into engagement with 5 tained by coaxially mounting two cylinder liners, connecting member l8 and liner 4, and keep both 35 which may be ofdiiferent diameters, within the liners and the connecting member in firm and water jacket of an internal combustion engine, positive engagement with one another. The liner and separating the two liners by a member 4 is shown of less length than the liner 6 and, against which either one or both liners are rebecause of its less length, has a thicker wall than 0 siliently pressed. The resilient pressing allows liner 6. The liner is thus able to withstand the the liners to expand longitudinally under the heat pressure of the springs 32 urging the liner 6 and developed in the combustion chambers, and reconnecting member I8 against liner 4. main sealed tightly against the connecting mem- Heat developed in the cylinder from the comber. bustion gases and the friction of the pistons 15 These and other objects of the invention will causes the liners to expand. This expansion be more fully understood by reference to the actakes place primarily longitudinally of the liners, p y g drawing, in which: and if the liners were rigidly joined to the jacket Fig. 1 is a cross sectional view of a water jacket I and to each other, they would distort and buckle, enclosing liners according to one form of the. inand the seal given by the packings would be der .0 vention; l stroyed. The construction of the instant inven- Fig. 52 is a similar cross sectional view of a modition allows the liners and the intermediate memiled form of the invention; and her to move longitudinally of the jacket, and Fig. 3 is another similar cross sectional view 01 therefore expansion of the liners can take place another modified form of the invention. toward and against the springs32, it being noted is In Fig. 1, a water jacket 2 encloses liners 4 that liner 6 projects through the end wall of the 55 and 6 in the cylinder of an internal combustion jacket so that there is no restriction to the moveengine. One end wall I of jacket 2 is bored at 6 ment of the assembled pieces 4, I8 and 6.

l to forman opening coincident with the opening The arrangement is of very simple constructhrough liner 4. The inner surface of wall 1 surtion and allows an effective seal to be main-- m rounding opening 6 is rabbeted at III for the "re- 00 8 Claims.

This invention is directed to cylinder liners for combustion engines provides difllculties in that ception of packing material l2, against which the ,end I4 of liner 4 bears.

Opposite bore 8, a coaxial bore I6 is formed in jacket end wall l'l through which one end of liner 6 projects. End

tained between liners 4 and 6, the distortion of having the small diameter may also have a lesser ness.

the joint between these two different sized liners under the action of heat and friction developed within the combustion chamber being avoided. The springs 32 are merely illustrative of one form of resilient means for urging liner 8 toward liner 4. Obviously equivalent resilient means can be employed.

Fig. 2 shows a construction in which the liner wall thickness than the liner with the larger diameter, and yet be resiliently pressed without harm against an intermediate connecting mem ber. In this figure the water jacket is shown at 42, in which liner 44, of small diameter and little wall thickness, is axially aligned with liner 46, of larger diameter and greater wall thick- The two liners are interconnected by intermediate member 48 which is freely and longitudinally slidable within jacket 42 and which normally bears against an annular flange 58 projecting inwardly from the inner wall of jacket 42. Liner 44 is provided with an annular flange 52 which slidably bears against embossment 54 on the inner surface of jacket 42. Springs 56 extend between the end wall of the jacket 42 and the flange 52 for urging the flange and the liner 44 against connecting member 48. In a similar manner liner 46 is provided with annular flange 58 which slidably bears against embossment 68 on the inner surface of jacket 42, said flange and liner being resiliently urged toward intermediate member 48 by springs 62. Springs 62 are made stronger than springs 56 so that intermediate member 48 is normally tightly engaged against flange 50. In this construction, the connection between the ends of liners 44 and 46 and the intermediate member is made in the nature of a ball and socket joint, the cylindrical surfaces having center points C and C, respectively, which lie on the longitudinal axis of the liners 44 and 46, and respectively directed towards the ends of the liners away from the connecting member 48. This allows displacement of the liners transversely of the longitudinal axis thereof without breaking the joint between the liners and the intermediate member 48. Longitudinal movement of the member, of course, is provided for through the resilient action of the springs 56 and 62, respectively.

Fig. 3 shows a construction which is similar to Fig. 2, except that instead of using the mov able intermediate member 48, a fixed intermediate member 12 is used. Member 12 constitutes a diaphragm integral with jacket 42, said diaphragm being bored at its center to make an opening continuous with the liner 44. On the surface of diaphragm l2 and surrounding the boring centrally thereof is an annular wall 14 which provides a means for holding the liner 44 andthe packing 16 in place. face of diaphragm 12 a similar wall 18 holds liner 46 and packing 80 in place. Thus the resilient pressure applied to liners 44 and 46 is independent of the pressure applied to the other liner. The fundamental requirement lies in the selection of a suitable packing for 16 and 88. These liners must be exactly aligned in the beginning so that no displacement transversely of the longitudinal axis can take place through distortions under the heat of the combustion On the opposite toward said end wall.

chamber. In this respect, the walls "and El ensure that the longitudinal alignment of the liner is maintained.

The invention provides a very simple construction in which the liners of an internal combustion engine ,employing pistons of different size can be kept sealed with respect to each other and with respect to the fluid contained in the cooling chamber.

Havingnow described the means by which the objects of the invention are obtained;

We claim:

1. In an internal combustion engine having a cooling jacket, two cylinder liners of different size coaxially aligned and mounted for longitudinal movement within said jacket. an intermediate member mounted for longitudinal movement Within said jacket and interposed and providing communication between said liners, and resilient means for holding said liners into engagement with said member.

2. In an'engine as in claim 1, said resilient means comprising springs extending between a wall of said jacket and one of said liners.

3. In an engine as in claim 1, a stop element secured to the inner wall of said jacket for limiting the movement of saidmember'in one direction, said means comprising first springs between one of said liners and a wall of said jacket and second springs between another wall of said jacket and a second liner and of greater strength than said first springs for urging said second liner toward said stop element.

4. In an engine as in claim 1, spherical 'surface engaging means between said memberand the ends of the respective liners, each spherical surface having a center point on the longitudinal axis of its respective cylinder in a direction away from said member.

5. In an internal combustion chamber having a cooling jacket including side walls and end walls, two liners coaxially and movably mounted within said jacket and projecting through opposite end walls thereof, a flange secured to each of said liners, an intermediate connecting member mounted for longitudinal movement within said jacket between said liners, and resilient members between end walls and flanges, respectively, for holding said liners against said connecting member.

6. In an engine as in claim 1, a flange secured to at least one of said liners, and said resilient means being mounted to engage said flange.

7. In an internal combustion engine, a cooling jacket, a partition member mounted for longitudinal movement within said jacket, two axially aligned cylinders abutting opposite sides, respectively, of said member, and resilient means bearing against at least one of said cylinders for holding said cylinders into contact with said member.

8. In an engine as in claim 7, said jacket having an end wall, one of said cylinders having anend thereof bearing against said end wall, and said resilient means bearing against the other of said cylinders and urging the same KARL WILC'KEN. FRANZ KLIEMP I. WALTER FRITZ.

WILHELM HECK.

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