US2200351A - Business dictating system - Google Patents

Description

May 14, 1940. c. l.. WHITEHEAD ET AL 2,200,351

BUSINESS DIGTATING SYSTEM Filed NOV. 25, 1938 14 Shees-Sheet l WN @mw MayA 14, 1940. c. wHrrEl-IEAD ET AL BUSINESS DICTATING SYSTEM Filed Nov. 25, 1938 14 Shen-:"cs-SheeI May 14, 1940 c. L. wHlTEHl-:AD ET Al. 2.200.351

BUSINESS DIGTATING SYSTEM 'Filed Nov. 25, 1938 14 Sheets-Sheet 5 Hllllll Fra 5.

BY Ig `E ATT0RN..

May 14, 1940- c.| .lwHlTEHx-:AD ET A1. 2,200,351

l BUSINESS DICTATING SYSTEM 14 Sheets-Sheet 4.

Filed Nov. 23, 1938 RNEY.

May 14, 1940- c. l.. wHlTEHEAD l-:T AL 2,200,351

BUSINESS DICTATING SYSTEM ATTORNE May 14, 1940. c. L.. WHITEHr-:AD ET A1. 2,200,351

I BUSINESS DICTATING SYSTEM Filed Nov. 23, 1958 14 Sheets-Sheet 6 May 14, 1940. c. wHlTEl- IEAD ET AL BUSINESS DICTATING SYSTEM Filed Nov. 25, 1958 14 SheetsnSheefI 7 ATTORN Y,

May 1431940- C. 1 wHlTEHl-:AD ET AL 2,200,351

BUSINESS DICTATING SYSTEM Filed Nov. 23, 1938 14 Sheets-Sheet 8 147 frcs-Ha M9 I 1 I 565 1 X65 i g 55 i X5 i z I i x g l l i z I g g l i i I l 4l 1 l 'I i l l l e l l l I I i oFF 5gg/ML HMP/m i 1 1 119 i 'l l fis-#d1 I ,4s-5b [7J g i 5 i l l i A uluowmm hmwumm ATTORNEY,

MAY 14, 1940 c. l.. wHlTr-:HEAD x-:r AL 2,200,351

BUSINESS DICTATING' SYSTEM Filed Nov. 23, 1938 276 f ff# Yi wie,

14 Shees-Sheet 9 mmf [llllllll 'wml 'WWW 'WWW ATTORNEY.

c. l.. WHITEHEAD ET Al. 2,200.351

BUSINESS DICTATING SYSTEM May 14, 1940.

14 Sheets-Sheet 10 Filed NOV. 23, 1938 r w 4 E www m 5 A uno/.M Meg@ 4me@ Zw@ Hwa@ 7 4 G. E

May 14, 1940- c. l., WHITEHEAD ET AL 2,200,351

BUSINESS DICTATING SYSTEM Filed NOV. 23, 1958 14 Sheets-Sheet ll Y MACH/NE 1 May 14 1940- c. I WHITEHEAD ET Al. 2,200,351

BUSINESS DIGTATING SYSTEM ATTORNEY.

May 14, 1940- c. l.. wHlTr-:Hl-:AD ET A1. 2,200,351

BUSINESS DICTATING SYSTEM Filed Nov. 23, 1938 14 Sheets-Sheet l5 l l l Mmm i mcy/NE g I i 27716. 4L. .27.26. 4,?. i 545 t Ex A 1 ATTORNEY.

May 14, 1940. c. l.. wHlTEHl-:AD ET AL 2,200,351

BUSINESS DICTATING SYSTEM lFiled Nov. 23, 1938 14 Sheets-Sheet 14 ATTORNEY.

Patented May 14, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,200,351 Busnmss momma SYSTEM California Application November 23, 1938, Serial No. 241,988

29 Claims.

Our invention relates to business dictation systems and has particular reference to a. system which embodies a plurality of recording and reproducing machines, any or all of which are available for the common use of any number of dictators and any number of transcribers.

In present day dictation machine systems the most commonly known include a recording machine, usually disposed adjacent to the dictator upon which he records his dictation, while the transcription of the dictated material is accomplished upon a different and separate machine located adjacent to the transcriber, and requires the transfer of the dictated records and the transcribed or reconditioned records back and forth between the locations of the various machines. These systems require individual machines for each user which are completely idle when not being used by the individuals to whom they have been assigned. Such dictating machines have the further disadvantage that as soon 'as one of the records has been filledwith dictation it is necessary for the dictator to remove said record from the machine and substitute a clean record in order to continue the dictation.

Considerable care and eiort is involved in the changing ofthe records as well as in maintainving notes, reference slips, tags, cards 0r other record identifying devices in order to co-relate a predetermined sequence of records which constitutes one complete series of parts of the dictated material, in order to permit thetranscriber to pick such records in the same sequence in which material was dictated upon them.

A system has been proposed whereby the dictation recording and transcribing machine itself may be located at a point remote from the dictator and from the transcriber and arranged to be commonly used by both of them. For example, a system of this character has been illustrated and described in the co-pending application Serial No. ,53,396, led December 7, 1935, of Ray M. Chenoweth, Emmett Irwin and Walter P. Huntley. Such a system, however, allows a single machine to be available only to one dictator and one transcriber so that in order to carry the load of any oflice which includes any considerable number of dictators and any considerable number of transcribers it is necessary to provide a single recording and reproducing machine unit for each dictator who expects to use the machine.

In order to provide suicient machine capacity or suihcient record capacity for a busy oftlce it is necessary not only to provide individual machines or machine units for each of the dictators but to arrange for the removal, changing of, vor replenishing of the record supply, so that when one of the records has been filled another record is available for dictation vofthe dictator. Again, however, it is essential that some manner of determining the sequential order of the records be provided in order that the transcriber may follow thevsame sequence of records in transcribing the dictated material.

y It will be readily appreciated that the enormous machine capacity which must be provided when individual machines are assigned to individual dictators constitutes a great waste, particularly in view of the fact that during the ordinary business day a dictator will only use his machine for a relatively smalll portion of the day and that during all other portions of the day this machine will lie idle since it is unavailable to any other person who would like to dictate material thereto.

Another disadvantage readily apparent in the present dictating machines and dictating machine systems is that the user of the machines must invest considerable amounts of money in equipment as well as in labor in order to handle a relatively small amount of actual dictation and transcribed material.

A typical example is that of a small business oflice which must employ a stenographer, or at least a typist, and then invest in the necessary dictation and transcription machinery in order to handle what ordinarily constitutes an extremely small amount of business dictation. Likewise, in a relatively large office the investment in the necessary machines required for a large number of dictators and a large number of transcribers mounts proportionately with the number of dictators employing the machines and further requires costly space within the offices for the housing oi' the machines and equipment. Any attempt to employ present day dictating machines by more than one dictator necessitates the transporting of the machine from dictator to dictator with the attendant risk of damage to the machine and the loss of time and labor in so doing. s

It is, therefore, an object of our invention to provide a dictating system wherein a relatively.

cupied at that time the group of machineunits, and in whichany one of the unitsrwhich is not being used or oc- Will be readiiyavailable to such dictator. v

Another object of our invention is toprovide a dictation system, asset forth in the preceding paragraph, wherein the transcriptionl of the material dictated by any dictator maybe privately transcribed by the transcriber in hisown koiiiice or in a stenographic or transcription vpool particularly designated by the dictator to transcribe his material. l

Another object of our invention a system of business dictation as set forth in the preceding paragraph wherein the individual capacity of the recording mediumyon one machine unit does not in any way limit the length or amount of the dictation which may be continuously made by a `dictator but in which, as soon as the recording medium on one unit has been filled with dictation, the system will automatically select some other unit in the group and transfer' the controls from the dictator to the new unit and permit him to continue the dictation on the new unit without interruption and withoutnec essarily allowing knowledge of such transfer to be transmitted backto the dictator.

Another object of our invention is to provide a dictation system as set forth in the preceding paragraph wherein the transcriber when starting to transcribe a dictators work will be automatically connected to that machine unit of the group which contains the start of his dictated material.

and whrein the transcriber` will automatically be transferred from unit to unit in exactly the same sequence which was previously followed by the dictator in placing the material on the record.

Another object of our invention is to provide a business dictation system of the character set forth wherein any individual dictator may distate material which will include the recording media on a sequence of a plurality of machine units, and wherein said dictator may dictate additional material on a new and different sequence of machine units, the dictator thus setting-up a series of sequences.

Another object of our invention is to provide a system of the character set forth in the preceding paragraph in which the transcriber may select which of the sequences she will transcribe first, and in which the transcription apparatus will automatically follow the sequence of machine units and recording media set up for that particular sequence of dictation.

Another object of our invention is to provide a system of the character set forth in the preceding two paragraphs wherein while transcribing one sequence the transcriber may interrupt the transcription, select any other sequence, and then return tothe point in the first sequence at which she stopped, without altering or otherwise disturbing the first sequenceor losing control for the transcribing of the recorded material thereon. 1

Another object of our invention is to provide a dictation system as set forth hereinbefore wherein during the dictation of any material a dictator desiring to immediately get out some "rush" workfmay select one of a special group of machine units reserved for "rush or emergency work, dictate thereon such emergency communication, and have the same immediately. transcribed and without interrupting the sequence of machine units comprising the interrupted dictation.

is to provide delay.

Another object of our invention is to provide a 'dictation' system as set forth in the preceding paragraphs wherein during the dictation of any material which may extend through a sequence of machine units, the dictator may at any time play back to himself any portion of the dictated material in that sequence whether upon the record on which he is then recording or upon an other record in the same sequence and Iin which the play-back of material will follow the same sequence of records as that followed in the original dictation of the material.

Another object of our invention is to provide a dictation system as set forth wherein the dictator may play back any of the previously dictated material on any of the preceding records of the sequence, and may immediately resume dictation at. the point where he left oi! without Another object of our invention is to provide a dictation system as set forth wherein the actual resumptionv of dictation by the operator automatically places the machine in condition to resume recording at the point at which it was interrupted.

Another object of our invention is to provide a system of the character set forth, wherein the transcriber at any point during the reproduction of the material for transcription may return to earlier dictated material or proceed to later dictated material and automatically return to the point at which the transcription of the material was interrupted.

Another object of our invention is to provide a dictation system of the character described in the preceding paragraphs wherein all of the voice transmission functions and all of the necessary control functions and all of the functions permitted by the machine unit structures may be performed over a pair of conductors extending between the transcriber or dictator and the centralized location of the machines.

Another object of our invention is to provide a dictation system as set forth, in which at any time the total number of machine units then in a third office which may be designated as a tran scription pool. i

Fig. 2 is` a perspective view illustrating, somewhat diagrammaticaily, one form of recording and reproducing machine'which may heemployed in the practice of our invention.

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view of the driving mechanism which may be employed to drive the recording mediumlshown in Fig. 2; to drive the recording and reproducing head and the instruction head of the machine shown in Fig. 2; and to operatea measuring device which measures the displacement of the head from the point of laat recording or last transcription upon the recording medium.

Figs. 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D, to 4J, together constitute a diagrammatic view of one form of control herein,l other equivalents of such units being readily substituted forthe particular machine units described herein, provided that such units are adapted to include a recording medium upon which dictation may be recorded and from which dictation may bereproduced. Such machines much include a recording device which may receive sound undulations from a dictator and record them upon the record while the same or other devices may be employed for reproducing` the undulations previously recorded upon the record and transmitting them to either the dictators playback system or the transcriber's re-4 producing system, and means for reconditioning the recording medium for further dictation.

It will be further understood that the particular character of recording medium employed in our system is not material. since it will be readily understood that the present well known wax recording medium may be employed or a magnetic recording medium may be employed, both of which forms are illustrated in the said copending application, Serial No. 55,396 hercinbefore referred to. and in the co-pending applica tion of Walter P. Huntley et al., Serial No.

'213,638. led June 14, 1938.

At this point it might be well to note that it is desirable that each oi the machinev units should be provided with suitable mechanism upon which errors or end of letters or end of other elements of dictatx )n may be suitably registered Y in superimposed relation upon the same recording medium which receives the dictated material. Each of the machines or machine units must also include suitable means forl starting and stopping the actual application ofv the dictated material to the recording medium or the actual repoduction. of the material from the recording medium under the control of the dictator or transcriber and may be accomplished in a manner to be more fullyvdescribed hereinafter. Y

Machines illustrated in Fig. 1 as machines I, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,' l, 8, 9 and l0 may be .considered as the load carrying" machine units allocated to accommodate the ordinarydictation material associated with any of the subscribers to the system, such as all of the dictators in oice I, all of the transcribers 'in office I, the dictator in omee II and all of the transcribers in oiliceIII and in any other offices connected into the system.

It will also be noted from an inspection of Fig. l that we have illustrated two additional machine units EAB and EX which may be considered as emergency units allocated to receive emergency or rush messages, telegrams. or other material for transcription which by reason of the urgency of these communications require i immediate transcription. Note. however, that all ofthe machine uni I|0 inclusive which are available" to all of the dictators A, B, and X and to all transcribers C, D, and Y, as well as the emergency machine EAB allocated particularly to ofilce I for the use of the dictators A and B and transcribers C and D in that oiilce, and the emergency machine Extallocated to-'and available for use particularly by dictator X inomce II and transcriber 'Y are located at the central station or centralised location'and may be selected. controlled, and operated over a system of wires interconnecting the lvarious oiiices with the centralized location or central Voiiice in much the same manner as various telephone subscribers are now interconnected with'the central oilice or the central location in which the selecting and controlling mechanisms may be located.

Again, as will hereinafter more tully appear, the particular equipment required to be located at each of the subscribers oiiices I, II, and III. may be so arranged that only a single pair rof wires need extend Vbetween. each of these subscribers oi'iices and the central station equipment, and, itvwill appear from the inspection of the complete wiring diagram shown in Figs.

4A through 4J that the same pair of telephone wires required to connect the several subscribers' omces to the regular telephone exchange may be employed as the 4necessary interconnection and control of the wires for controllingl all of the functions of our dictation system. Utilizing this feature of our invention permits all of the control equipment. the selector switches and other relay equipment to be located in the central ofiice. However, as will be understood, where it is not desired to locate all of the control equipment in-the `central omce, certain portions thereof maybe located in the various oiiices, I, 1I, and III. in which event itwill be necessary to provide a greater number of interconnecting wires between the location of the actual recording and f reproducing machines and the particularrsubscribers omces, I. II and III.

In order to obtain a more ready understanding oi our invention and to more readily understand the detailed description of the various control and operating devices in the performance of the functions included in our system, we have illustrated in Fig.. l, brieiiy and diagrammatically,

suiilcient portions of the complete system to permit of a discussion of certain asumed operations which may be performed and thev manner in which this performance is achieved.

In Fig. 1 we havev made no attempt to show all of the control apparatus' which will be located at the dictator's station by which Vthe several functions of the machine and the system may be controlled by the dictator, but have merely indicated a rectangle bearing the' legend A which is assumed to include all of the control apparatus necessary to be located adjacent to or within the contines of the oilice associated with dictator A. The' actual speaking and listening apparatus to be employed by dictator A is illustrated diagrammatically as a "French hand phone set such asis commonly employed in telephone installations and which allows the dictator to speak and have his dictation transmitted for recording to the several machines while, through the receiver portion of the instrument. he may` listen to play-back'of any of the material which he desires to have repeated to him.

In like manner, a v similar rectangle and "French hand set is designated by the reference character'B as constituting the equipment necessary for dictatorB. Associated with the transcribers C and D we have also illustrated a rectangular box which will be assumed for the purposes of the following brief description to include all of the control apparatus which may be necessary for each of the transcribers C and D acudan respectively, the listening apparatus associated with each of these transcribers `being indicated as a receiver head set such as is commonly employed by telephone switchboard operators. Also dictator X has associated with him a rectanguvlar box indicating the various control apparatus associated with his station and a French hand set representative of th transmitting and receiving equipment by which he may dictate or listen to the play-back of material.

Transcriber Y is likewise indicated as having located at olce III the necessary control and listening equipment by which she may listen to the material to be transcribed.

Assuming that at the start of the operation dictator A desires to dictate material for record and assuming at this time that none of the several machines I-I inclusive is occupied, dictator A may pick up the transmitter-receiver apparatus whereupon an automatic selector somewhat similar to the selector employed in telephone systems will immediately start into action to connect dictator A with any one of the unoccupied machines I-III. The initialfselector for accomplishing this selection is designated as selector AS, the movable arm of which will pass over .several contacts until it arrives at a contact connected to and corresponding to one of the machines which is not occupied. We have assumed that machine I will not be occupied and the selector AS will therefore stop with its movable contact member on the first point or contact of this selector. 'I'his will connect the dictator A directly with machine I through the interconnecting wires extending from the control box for dictator A comprising a pair of conductors illustrated by lines IIlIi--iIJL Lines IUS-|01 associated with dictator A extend to the selector AS through normally closed contacts AEL on a relay which will determine Whether or not the dictator will be connected to any one of the regular dictating machines I-I inclusive, or to the emergency machine EAB.

In our assumed operation the dictation by dictator A is regular dictation and not an emergency communication so that the contacts AEL will be assumed to be closed.

The connection of the dictating machine I will be continued through the selector AS and through a conductor associated with the first contact on this selector which interconnects with a machine-multiple group of conductors or cables indicated at M. It will be understood from an inspection of Fig. 1 that the multiple group of conductors or cables M will have a connection as indicated at N with the rst point on a machine selector IS associated with vdictating machine i. The connection, however, with machine l is made independently of the movable arm of this selector so that the dictator will now be directly and immediately connected to the machine I. This not only connects the transmitter and receiver for dictator A with machine I to permit him to record his dictation thereon but also interconnects dictator As machine control apparatus with the apparatus of machine I by which its several functions are to be controlled, and thus he may proceed with his dictation of the desired material, starting and stopping the machine as he desires for recording material upon the machine in much the same manner as he now starts and stops the ordinary dictating machine.

He also may control the necessary play-back devices by which he may play back to himself any of the previously dictated material, the detailed description of the construction and operation of which will be set forth hereinafter.

Assuming now that the particular piece of material which the dictator is attempting to record upon the dictation system of our invention exceeds the normal length or capacity of one of the machine units or recording media associated with machine I, it is entirely unnecessary for dictator A to know or realize that the material he has dictated exceeds or has reached the end of the record on machine I. As will be more fully described hereinafter the approach of the recording device or recording head of machine I to the end limits of this machine will automatically set into operation suitable control lapparatus, more fully described hereinafter,

which will cause the connections from the dictators station A to be transferred'to a new and unoccupied one of the machines I-I0 inclusive. Assuming for the example herein that for some reason machine 2 is occupied or is unavailable at the time the dictator reaches the end of the record on machine I but that machine 3 is Vacant and ready to take dictation, the close approach'of the recording head on machine I to the end limit of its operation will actuate the selector IS to cause this selector to seek an unoccupied machine.

The movable arm of the selector IS will proceed from o-ne end of its travel toward the opposite end; crossing the several contacts which, as

hereinbefore described, are connected with the' several machines in the group I-IIJ; until it arrives upon a contact associated with an unoccupied machine. The selector will then stop on such contact, thus completing direct connection of the dictator A with the new machine. Assuming that machine 3 is the newly selected machine for continuation of the dictation, the connection to machine 3'now will be made through the same group of conductors or cables M and N, through jumpers P on machine selector IS, and thence through the movable contact of this selector to one of the group of conductors or cables N back to the machine-multiple group of conductors M. Since machine 3 is connected to this same machine-multiple group of conductors the connection of machine 3 will now extend downwardly through a conductor or group of conductors indicated at Q. All of this selection of machine 3 will occur in a sufliciently short time so that there is no need whatever for the dictator A to interrupt the continuous ow of his dictation. As will be understood by those skilled in this art, and in the art of telephony, selector equipment is now available which selects at the rate of approximately seventy per second so that no unnecessary time is lost and no interruption of the dictation is required. The dictator A, now being connected with machine 3, continues with his dictation.

Assuming now. that the material which the dictator is engaged in dictating exceeds the capacity of machine 3, transfer of connections from the dictators station A will be made to a still further machine in the group I-II! in the same manner as was described for the transfer from machine I to machine 3. Assuming for the sake of this example that the next available machine in the group to which the dictator was connected is machine 5, the connections to this machine will be made through the machine-multiple group of conductors M and through' selector IS for machine I, thence through selector 3S for machine 3 and back through the machine-multiple group M to the selector 5S tor machine B so that the dictation may be continued as hereinbeiore described.

At this point it should be noted that from the time the dictator A lifts his telephone set from its hook until he has reached the end .of this particular piece of dictation, the dictator has been permitted to dictate uninterruptedly, and

to play back at any time any of the previously gram, the interconnection of machines I, 3 and 5 for this piece of dictated material ismade not only through the machine selector group IS, 3S v and 5S but also by employing additional levels on the selectors iS, 3S and 8S. The particular equipment which is actuated by the approach ot the recording head on each ot the several machines to either of its limits, "start" or "end. is so interconnected that should the dictator A desire to play back any portion of the previously dictated 'material he may do so merely by operating suitable play-back control devices,y and the' listening equipment at his station will be con# nected to the proper machine andl at the proper place which he has selected for initiating the play-back, and the machine reproducing devices will be suitably controlled to play back the material to him. When, however, he vhas completed such play-back as he desires he again conditions his control apparatus for resumption of dictation so that he may immediately resume dictation upon the last machine in the sequence o! 'machines to which he has been connected, and he therefore continues his dictation from that point in the same manner as though he had not interrupted the same for playfback purposes.

When the dictator arrives at the end of any particular piece of dictated material he may immediately start a new piece of-dictation material or, in order to permit the transcribers to immediately have access to the material just com pleted, he may release all of 'the machines employed for the dictation of this first piece of material by merely restoring the hand phone set to its support. He may then immediately start a new piece of dictation material and in starting the same the lifting of the hand tele-V phone set from its support will cause the selector AS to immediately seek a new machine which is not at that moment occupied by some other dictator subscribing to the system or which machine is not then awaiting transcription of material previously recorded thereon..

'I'he selection oi the iirst machine in the new group or sequence of machines upon which he will record the second piece of dictated material will occur as described for the selection of the rst sequence of machines I, 3 and 5. The' dictator may ltherefore proceed withv the dictation of the new piece oi.' material without interference with and without delaying the transcription of some previously dictated material.

In the following description we refer to this first piece of dictated material recorded by dictator Ay as the ilrst' sequence" associated with dictator A and by which we mean the iirst sequence of a single machine or a number of machinesv upon which the first piece of dictated material has been recorded.

Thus the nrst sequence associated with dictator A includes machines i, 3l and 5, in that order, and it is necessary upon the transcription of this material that the transcriber shall be connected to the same sequence of machines and in the same order with which the dictator A was connected thereto. For this purpose we have included in our system a sequence remembering device or system which, as illustrated in Fig. 1, is a sequence remembering selector RSA. Suitable control apparatus included within a rectangle designated by the reference character A will permit the transcriber who desires to transcribe dictator As first sequence of the dictated A material to control the machines included in this rst sequence, independently of the selection and control of a subsequent sequence, which has been dictated by the dictator A, or the selection and control of a subsequently dictated sequence by any other dictator or a transcriber associated with office I. In order to permit a `transcriber rat any time to `select one of the sequences which has been dictated by the, dictator A we provide a sequence selector CS actuated by the control apparatus'located within.- the rectangle C. Manipulation of thesequence selector CS will connect the transcriber C with any one Vot a plurality of sequences previously recorded by either dictator A or dictator B so that any one of the transcribers C or D in cnice I may .at any time start the transcription o f any oi' the sequences which has been dictated j by dictators A or B.

In our assumed operation dictator A has completed one sequence, which we will refer to as his sequence A' and' transcriber C we will assume is to transcribe the material in this first sequence. Transcriber C will operate her control apparatus or sequence selector CS in such manner as to connect her with atsequence-multiple group of cables or conductors R, the first point on selector CS being connected to the control apparatus A' and through the sequence remembering selector RSA' to the machine-multiple group of conduc- -tors M, the particular one of such cables or conductors to which the equipment A' will be connected will have been selected by the sequence .remembering selector RSA and will therefore place the transcriber C directly into communication with the rst machine of this particular sequence,4 namely, machine I. Since the sequence of machines I, 3 and 5 is maintained by the machine selectors, IS. 3S and 5S, the trans'- criber C may listen to and transcribe all of the material recorded upon machine i, b e automatically transferred to machine 3, transcribe all of this material, be transferred to machine 5,` wand then transcribe all of the material which has been recorded on that machine.4 In the event the transcriber C desires to repeatedly listenA to any of the material whichhas previously been placed upon any of the machines I, 3- and 5, she may operate the foot-switch 2i! to cause the reproducing head on the machines i, 3 and 5 to move back toward the beginning of the record associated with these machines and then may re-l'isten to any of this material.

As will be more fully described hereinafter each of the machines is so constructed and arranged that the transcriber may not only move the heads backward to 'any previously listened-to 7'5

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