US2198735A

US2198735A - Blower

Info

Publication number: US2198735A
Application number: US554752A
Authority: US
Inventors: Morrison Willard Langdon
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1931-08-03
Filing date: 1931-08-03
Publication date: 1940-04-30
Anticipated expiration: 1957-04-30

Description

`Patented. Apr. 30, `1940 o rATENT OFFICE Application August e, 1931, serial No. 554,752` RenewediAugust 30,1193? y I I, f l whims.

This` invention relates to `blowers andhas for of `this description.

Iits object to provide a new and improved device `The1 invention isparticularlymadapted tobe Fbi; used as `Ia-`niultistage b1ower,`that is a blower Ihavingmorethan one wheel. With multi-stage blowers Fas heretofore made, there has been very great diflculty due to leakage back thro-ugh the `housing and'wheel, and due to the further fact im thatthere is a great loss `in the passage from one iwheel to the Mother. @ne of `the objects of the present invention `is to provide a device which will prevent this leakage and this loss, and which` may beeiiiciently used as a multi-stage blower. Theinvention has other objects which are more *particularly pointed outl in the accompanying description.` 1 Referring now to the drawing,

Fig; iljisa sectional `view through one form of 20 blower embodying the invention;

` Fig. 12 is an end View of the blower shown in Fig. 1with partsbroken away. I V :Like numerals refer to -like parts throughout the several figures. 25 "Referring` now to the drawing, I have shown a `construction. wherein each blower is provided I `with a housing consisting of the members I and 4f2. Whenmore than one blower is used, the hous- "ings for the different Wheels are connectedto- S gether.` The housing of the blower is rotated. For this purpose the member I of the housing, at oneiend, vis provided with the elongated portion `3 which "is mounted in suitable bearings. As herein shown, it is mounted in bearings on a supfas port 4 and I prefer to provide ball bearings 5 for thispurpose. `At the other end of the device the section "2 of the housing is provided with the elongated portion 6 which is rotatably mounted `in a." bearing, which is shown as a ball bearing 1, il@ in the support 8.

Each housing is provided with a series of `pusherblades 9,these pusher blades, in the particular construction shown, being connected with the sections I of each housing. The rotation` g of the housing causes these pusher blades to force thelair forward. The section 2 of one housing is connected to the section s I of `theadjacent hous- I `:lng `byapassageway IIJ. `The pusher blades`9 are connected to a central hub II and extend 5b outwardly from said hub, `as clearly shown in `pusherfblades and has connected therewith the vanes Iii,` which `are `located. in proximity to the 55 pusherblades 9 and which have the` curved ends shaft I2 is `mounted `in the hubsliof the I4,'as shown. These vanes are `connected to the shaft I2 by means of a centralhub I5 thereon, the central hub Abeing `fastened to the shaft so that thevanes do not rotatewith relation to the shaft.V The shaft I2 is preferably provided with '5 ball bearings Il in the hub of the pusher blades. The shaft I2 is held against rotation, thereby holding the vanes 3I3 against rotation, while the vpusher blades 9 rotate with the casing.

Any suitable means may be providedfor pre- `10 venting the shaft I2 `from rotating. lAs herein shown, thisis accomplished by means of a fixed member I8` which is attached by a fastening member` I9 to the stationarybearing support 8.

This fixed member projects between two of the l5 vanes I3, as shown in Fig. 1, and maybe attached to one of these vanes if desired. It will thus be seen that this fixed member `holds the shaft I2 and the vanes I3 from rotating.. I

. The admission opening 2B, it will be noted,`is 20 in alignment with the discharge opening I0 from the rst wheel to the second wheel, and` these two openings are in alignment with all of thedis- `charge openings regardless of the number of The pusher blades 9.25

wheels `that are used. deliver the air in a generally axial direction, with relation tothe casing, `to thevanes I3 and these ,vanes I 3 deliver air in a `generally axial direction,

with relation to the casingthrough thedischarge opening Il and to the vpusherblades 9 of the next 30 wheel. It will thus `be seen that the air is moving in` a generally axial direction through all of the casing, and without abrupt turns.

The pusher blades 9 areso designed asto give `directional `delivery to the air, there being no plenum chamber to be filled, the pusher blades directly driving the air to Ythe vanes I3 and the vanes i3 guiding and directing the air forward into 'the next wheel where it is taken up again by the pusher blades of the next wheel and 40 directed to the vanes I3, and is then directed out `through the discharge I6. `It `will thus be `seen that the air is directly forced from one wheel `to the other and is not requiredfto turn abrupt corners. It `will further be seen that there are I vno collection chambers required, but only directional `chambers which displace the plenum chamber, these directional chambers being equipped `with vanes to `intercept the air that is` directionally impelled toward them. This makes it unnecessary to have any plenum .chamber or reservoir. It will further be seen that the entire production of the first wheel, that is one-hundred percent of the air moved thereby, goes to the` second one and this will be continued for as .more than one wheel is used, into the adjacent i wheel, the pressure being increased proportionately from wheel to wheel. It will 'further be seen that by means of this device the pressure can be increased `from one wheel to the other.. proportionate to the power utilized in driving the wheel, and without undue loss. It will furtherf be seen that by means of this construction very high pressure can be attained withwheels ofV It` willbe seen.

comparatively small diameter. that by using small wheels and providing a large number of them in tandem, a high pressure can be provided by a machine which occupies only a .comparatively small space.

vIt will further beseen that this device,r has a venturi action. `Theair,for example, passes from the iirst unit. through the discharge I0, which isV comparativelylsmall, and then expands into the second unit, and this is. continued 'through the different wheels and stages so that the ultimate discharge is smaller in cross section than the cross sectionpof the admission opening. In this device the airis moved forward in a streamline flow, and hence this blower might be termed a streamline. blower, very greatly minimizing the resistance to the iiow of the air.

In View of this flowof .the air through the cas-J ings, whereby, the absence of abrupt changes in direction is secured, vthe noise, when the blower is actuated, is Very greatly reduced.

It will be noted that, the outer Yconnecting wall of the adjacent casings project inwardly towards the center axis of thecasings to'` form a con- ,stricted passageway between the adjacent casings. It will further be noted that the air in the blower is at all times passing along the eX- ternal revolving walls of the casings and being cooled throughout its entire course through the blower. This blower compresses the air and when it compresses it the temperature is raised. Since this air passes along the outside walls of the various sections Yor blowers and is at a` temperature higher than thel outsidevair, a portion .of this heat due to the revolving of the casings is removed. The removal of the heat from the air is due to the fact that the movement of the casing changes at a comparatively rapid rate the air which is in contact with the outside surface of the casing so as to continuously apply eoolair to the outside surface of the casing and continuously removel the warm air from the surface of the casing, and move such warmY air away from the casing. When the air is then discharged from the blower and again expands tov its normal volume, this volume will have less heat than when it entered the blower and hence can be used to cool a compartment. The amount of cooling can be regulated by the number of blowers arranged in tandem and thespeed of these blowers.

I claim: .i .l

1. A centrifugal air blowercomprising a casing, having centrally located admission and'discharge openings smaller in' cross sectional area than kthe casing, a series oipusher blades "connected with the casing, and projecting laterally beyond the periphery of the admission and discharge openings, means for rotating the `casing so as to rotate said blades, and a series of vanes in proximity to said pusher blades and projecting laterally beyond the periphery of the admission and discharge openings and to the outer ends of which the air is delivered from the pusher blades, the vanes held against rotation, the outer ends ofthe vanes projecting beyond the outer ends of the pusher blades so that air is received by said ends from said pusherv blades while the air is moving in` a generally radial direction, the air at all points of its flowmoving in" a* forward direction. y

2. A centrifugal airblower comprising a casing,

having centrally located admission and discharge openings smaller incross sectional larea than the casing, a seriesof pusher blades connected with the -casing,and projecting laterally beyond the peripheryy of the admission and discharge openings, means for .rotating the casingso as to rotate said blades, and a series of vanes in proximity to said pusher bladesr and projecting laterally beyondrthe peripheryof. the admission and discharge openings and totheputerfends of which the airis delivered Vfrom' `the pusher blades, a non-rotating` shaft withgwhich said pusher blades are rotatably connected'said vanes bengconnected with said shaft-,so asytojbefl-held againsty rotation thereby, .thelouter ends ot the vanes projectingbeyond the outer ends of;.the pusher blades, the adjacent.cooperatingfvanes and pusher blades having portions/,in the-same radial plane, the airat all points of itsflowmoving in a forward direction.`

3. A centrifugal Aair blower"cornprisirigfapliirality of casingseach havingy a. centrallyjlocated admission and discl'ahrge, openingvsmaller; in `cross sectional area than the casings, said casings` being connected together, `the discharge Opening l.of one casing communicating witlrthe; y.adrrrission opening of the adjacent casing,` a` seriesofI pusher blades connected with :each casing, means `forgsii multaneously rotating allof said casings, aseries of non-rotating vanesinfeachof saideasings, the pusher blades and vanes projecting lailally beyond the periphery of the admission and ydis- `charge openings'the pusher blades ineach'casying delivering air `.to the vanes injeach casing, and thevanes of one casing delivering air to the pusher blades of the adjacent casing,y the outer ends of the vanes projecting beyond the outer ends ofthe `pusher blades, vthe adjacentcooperat ing vanes andpusher blades having portions in the same radialplane, the air atall points oiits flow moving in a forward direction. i

4. A centrifugal air` blower comprising a .plurality 'of casings eachhaving'afcentrally located admission and discharge -opening 'smaller incross sectional areathan thev casings, r`.said casings being connected together, the discharge open;- ing of one casing communicating'witkrtheadmission opening or theadjacentcasing, aseries of pusherl blades connectedwith each casing, means for simultaneously rotating allof saidfcasf ings, a series of l'non-rotating vanesin eachof having portions in the same radial plane,` the e i air at all pointsof its `flow moving in a forward direction. l n n `5. A centrifugal air blower comprising a plurality of casings, each having acentrally located admission and dischargeopening smaller in cross sectional area than the casings, `said casings being connected together, the discharge opening of one casing communicating with the admission opening of the adjacent casing, a series `of pusher blades connected with each casing, means v for simultaneously rotating all of said casing, a series of non-rotating vanes in each of said casn ings, the pusher blades and `vanes projecting laterally beyond the periphery of the admission and discharge openings, the pusher blades in each casing `delivering air to the vanes in each casing,

and the vanes of onecasingdelivering air to the pusher blades of the adjacent'casing, a shaft supf ported by said pusher blades,the vanes being rig` i idly attached to said shaft,V and means for holding said shaft against rotation when rotated, the air at all points of in a forward direction.

6. A centrifugal air` blower comprising a plurality of revolving` casings ,connected together andhaving their outer surface in contact with the air, each casing being provided with a series of air pusher blades connected to and revolving with the casing and a series of stationary vanes the casings are its ow moving i in proximityto said air pusher blades, the air pusher blades of eachcasing delivering air to the associated stationaryairvanes in said casing, the said stationary air vanes delivering air from onecasing tothe pusher blades of the adjacent casing, theouter connecting walls of the adjacent casingsprojecting inwardly toward the center' axis of thecasings` to form a constricted passageway between the adjacent casings, the air in the blower at allttimes passing along the external revolving walls of the casings and'being cooled throughout its entire course through the blower, a portion of the heat due to the compression of the air in the blower being removed from said compressed air so that when the compressed air is released and expanded to its normal atmospheric volume it will be cooler than the air as it entered the blower and can be used to coolcoinpartments.

7. .A device of the kind described comprising a casing having a centrally located air admission opening at oneend and a centrally located air discharge opening at the other end, said open ings being smaller in cross sectional area than the cross sectional area of the casing at thepoints where they connect with the casing, means for `alternately expanding and compressing the air` blades, and a series of `vanes in proximity to said pusher bladesand projecting laterally beyond the periphery of the admission and discharge `openings and to the outer ends of which the air is delivered from the pusher blades, the vanes held against rotation, the outer ends of the vanes projecting beyond the outer ends of the pusher blades so that air is received by said ends from said pusher blades while the air is moving in` a` generally radial direction, the air at all points of its ow moving in a forward direction, the` air on the outside of the casing absorbing heat from the air in the casing, the movement of the casing moving the air which has absorbed the heat away from the casing and causing cooler air to be brought into contact with the casing,

so that when the air passing through the casing is released and expanded to its normal atmos` pheric volume it will be cooler than the air as it enters the blower and can partments. v j `WLLARD LANGDON MORRISON.

be used to `cool comn