US2198624A - Hand loom - Google Patents

Description

April 30, 1940. G. KIMSON 2,198,624

HAND LOOM Filed larch 21, 1939 Flat INVENTO fl mm ATTORNEY.

Patented Apr. 30, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 4 Claims.

My invention relates to a new hand loom upon.

which an interwoven piece of material can be produced, and the object of the improvement is to provide sliding plates to shift the warp strands to permit of passing a suitable shuttle or needle between them to produce the woof.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide a convenient and easily used portable device which may be employed by comparatively unskilled persons to produce accurately woven pieces of fabric of predetermined size and shape with assurance that the individual threads will be accurately placed without the necessity of threading the needle individually between the strands.

A further object of the invention is to provide accurate means for the shifting of alternate sets of strands so as to produce the desired weave, these means consisting of two plates mutually slidable upon each other and attached to one side of a substantially rectangular frame.

Other objects of the invention will become apparent from the following description and the hereunto appended claims.

The accompanying drawing illustrates one form of the invention and shows a frame upon which are mounted sliding plates that slide one upon the other on the frame. Fig. 1 is a top plan view of such parts of the frame as are necessary for a proper understanding of the invention; Fig. 2 is an elevational view of the right end of Fig. 1, showing the two sliding plates; Fig. 3 is a side elevational view of Fig. 1, showing the two plates in end elevation with one of them raised so as to raise the strands; Fig. 4 is a fragmentary end elevation similar to Fig. 3 but showing the plates in the reverse position; and Fig. 5 is a plan view of a needle employed in connection with the operation of the loom.

The device consists essentially of a frame portion I (Figs. 3 and 4), upon three sides of which there are provided suitable pegs or projections 8, 9 and I0, these projections being entirely similar and being either rigidly attached to the frame or made integrally therewith. As shown in the drawing, they are integral. Functionally, the pegs 8, 9 and 10 are identical but have been given different numbers in order that the operation of the device may be more easily explained, the pegs 8 being on the side of Fig. l which is directed downwardly on the drawing, 9 being to the left and i at the top of the drawing. Attached to the right-hand side of the frame, as shown in Fig. 3, there are two sliding plates A and B, A being closest to the frame, these plates being provided respectively with manipulating portions and 4, and the plates themselves being affixed to the frame by means of the bolts or screws 1 which pass through the slots 6 and which serve to secure the plates to the frame in such a manner that the plates may be slid relative to the frame as well as'to each other.

The upper edges of frame I, as seen in side views in Figs. 3 and 4, contain rows of upright teeth 8, 9 and i0, upon which the yarn or the like is fastened.

As can best be seen from an examination of Figs. 3 and 4, the plates may be alternately raised and lowered by means of the projections or ears 5 and 4, so that the teeth 2 and 3 provided at the upper parts of the plates A and B, respectively, may be raised or lowered relative to the general plane of the frame itself. Thus, in Fig. 3 the plate A has been raised to its uppermost position, while in Fig. 4 plate A is in its lowermost position and plate B in its topmost position. In actual operation the plates A and B are alternately moved upwardly or downwardly so as to raise alternate sets of strands. This movement of the plates is effected by the index fingers and thumbs of the operator.

In operating the device the sliding plates A and B are first both raised to their highest position, and the yarn or the like is started at the end indicated as X (Fig. 1) and strung to tooth 2 at the end indicated as W, then to tooth 9 at X. then to tooth 3 at W and back and forth until the yarn or the like is strung from tooth 2 at Z (upper right-hand corner of Fig. 1) to the first tooth ill at Y, at which time the sliding plates 2 and 3 are manipulated to create the shed formed by strands ii and I2, through which needle l5, through eye i6 of which the yarn has been threaded, as in Fig. 3, is passed with the hooked end l6 of needle at Y and with the ends of the needle extending beyond the edges of the frame I at W and Z. The needle is then passed directly back to X and Y beneath the shed and set at rest between the first set of teeth 8 at X with the hook end l8 of needle l5 lying between the teeth 10 at Y. The strand of yarn or the like that was strung from tooth 2 at Z to tooth ID at Y is then placed in the hook iii of the needle l5 and drawn thereby through to X, where the loop of the yarn or the like is placed about the tooth 8 nearest X. The yarn or the like is then released from the needle, and the sliding plates A and B are reversed, at which time the needle is passed through the new shed thus formed and the same operation repeated as in the first stitch, thus continuing until the last strand is strung from tooth 8 nearest W to Z, at which point the yarn or the like is severed.

The loop ends of yarn or the like on teeth 2 and 3 from Z to W and on teeth 8 from W to X must be locked by interweaving a strand of the yarn or the like by pulling the strand from tooth 8 nearest W to Z through to W. The needle is then passed through loops on the teeth 2 and 3 from W to Z, and the yarn or the like is placed in hook-end of needle and drawn through to Z.

For locking the edge on teeth 8 from W to X the same procedure is followed as in locking the loops frm Z to W on teeth 2 and 3. The interwoven piece of material can then be lifted from the frame.

The piece thus produced will consist of alternate sets of double strands which alternately pass over and under each other, which is. quite well illustrated in Fig. 1, in which some of the strands have been omitted forthe sake of sim- 'plicity. It will be noted that, the strands nearest the edges are interwoven singly, thereby locking the strands together. so that the piece willnot' unravel when removed from the frame; -Looking, for example, at the upper left-hand-corner of Fig. 1, it will be seen that'the vertical strands (on the drawing) pass around the uppermost horizontal strand and that the horizontal strand which is second from the top of the drawing loops around the first vertical strand, thereby producing a complete interlock which prevents-raveling.

The device is suitable for the production of individual woven pieces which may be Joined together to. produce a larger fabric, and is not limited by the. use of any particular type of thread.

The means for attaching the plates may comprise threaded members, so that the tension on the plates may be adjusted at the will of the operator, so as, if necessary, to lock the plates in position in case the operator temporarily ceases operationsand to prevent the displacement of the Plates from the position in which they have been left.

Having illustrated and described one form of my invention, I do not wish to limit myself to two sliding plates or toa fectangular form of frame.

The plates and frame can be made of sheet metal or fany other material that is desirable. A wood frame with pins can be substituted therefor.

With a loom of this type a novel weave is created, being double strands of yarnor the like interweaving each other. The yarn or the like does not have to be measured after starting, and a minimum of material is required, thereby lowering the cost. The speed and ease attained with the device are an important feature and will add to the enjoyment of those whowork in this art.

I claim:

1. A hand loom comprising a rectangular frame, upstanding supporting pins on three sides of said frame for the reception of yarn, two plates slidably attached to the fourth side of said frame, each of said plates having upstanding teeth for the reception of 'yarn, said plates being attached to said frame by fastening means passing through slots in said plates, and means on said plates to limit their motion relative to each other and to the frame.

2. A hand loom comprising a rectangular frame, upstanding teeth on three sides of said frame for the reception of yarn, and two slidable plates on the fourth side of said frame, said plates having upstanding teeth bent back at right angles at'their upper ends and adapted to receive and hold yarn, said plates being provided with coincidental slots, fastening means passing through said slots and secured to said frame, and outstandingears on said plates to limit the extent of their sliding movement, whereby, when yarn isstrung on'the teeth of the frame and of the plates, alternate sets of teeth on the platescan be raised and lowered relative to the-horizontal plane of said frame.

3. A hand loom comprising a rectangular frame, upstanding teeth on three sides of said frame for the reception of yarn and two slidable plates on the fourth side of said frame, said plates having upstanding teeth at their upper ends and adapted to receive and hold yarn, said plates being provided with coincidental slots, adjustable fastening means passing through said slots and secured to said frame so as to hold the plates to the frame with a tension capable of adjustment, and limiting means on said plates so as to limit the extent ,of, their sliding movement both relative to each other and relative to the frame, whereby, when yarn is strung on the teeth of the frame and of the plates, alternate sets of teeth on the plates can be raised and lowered relative to the horizontal plane ofsaid frame.

4. A hand loom comprising a rectangular frame stationary upstanding teeth on; three sides of said frame for immovably supporting yarn and a movable plate on theifourth side of said frame, said plate having upstanding teeth for the reception of yarn and being attached to said frame by fastening means passing through slots in said plate, and means on the plate to limit its motion relative to the fourth side of the frame.

GROVER KIMSON.

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