US2191970A - Attachment for internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 27, 1940. G. H. MEISER ATTACHMENT FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed March 20, 1939 J7? d'ejz' 2 0 1.- Geovcyeff/llelsez Zmww.

Patented Feb. 27, 1940 umreo S'iA'iES ATTACHMENT FOB,

INTERNAL COMBUS- TION ENGINES George H. Meiser, Chicago, Ill. Application March 20, 1939, Serial No. 252,960

My invention relates to improvements in attachments for internal combustion engines and, more particularly, an air pump adapted for use 7 in connection with a multi-cylinder internal m bustion engine; my attachment being primarily adapted for use in connection with motor vehicles Claims.

for tire inflation, though as will be understood. it Y may be put to other uses.

Devices of this character require for their use merely the removal of a spark-plug from one of the cylinders of the engine and the insertion of,

the device on the engine suction stroke and the shutting o-fi? of this air from the atmosphere on the engine compression stroke be as nearly instantaneously reactive to the engine suctionand pressure as possible; in other words, that valvelag be minimized to as great a degree as possible not only because such lag reduces the efiiciency of the pump but because unless practically nonexistent on the suction stroke, is apt to result in thepumping of gasoline vapor instead of pure air. By providing against valve lag on the suction stroke thus permitting instantaneous flow of air to the pumping cylinder, and providing for the free flow of suflicient quantities of air through the device, suction produced by the pumping cylinder of the engine may be relieved sufii'ci'ently to insure against. the drawing of gasoline vapor into the cylinder from the intake of the engine in which vacuum exists.

Furthermore, in the use of the device in the spark 'plug-receiving opening of the pumping cylinder the inlet for the air drawn into the pumping cylinder through the device is limited to the size of this opening which is relatively small,

and it is therefore necessary, in order that the pumping cylinder pump high pressures without pumping gasoline vapor, that the device permit unrestricted flow of air to the pumping cylinder 7 and that the air inlet valve of the device act without substantial lag in both opening and closing. Restricted. flow of air into the device reduces efllciency by reducing the pressure which 66 may be developed and results in the creation of such vacuum in the pumping cylinder, on its suction stroke; as to draw gasoline vapor from'the intake of the engineinto the pumping cylinder. Valve lag in the drawing of air into the device not only reduces the pressure which may be dveloped, but also is apt to resultin the pumping of gasoline vapors andvalve lag on the compression stroke of the pumping cylinder reduces the pressure developed. v

Devices of this character for universal application inust be adapted for satisfactory. operation on engines which operate not only at low, but relatively high, idling speeds. The higher the idling speed of the engine the more necessary the avoidance of valve lag and avoidance of restricted air. flow to the air inlet (spark-plugreceiving openingi'of the pumping cylinder, for pumping high pressures without the pumping of gasoline vapors. p Certain of my objects are to provide a device of the character described which will operate to insure such free and instantaneous flow ofair into the pumping cylinder as to avoid-the pumping of gasoline vapor even at relatively high engineeidling-speeds; to efiect quick shut-off of the device to the atmosphere upon the conclusion of the suction-stroke; to provide for the pumping of higher pressures at any'usual engine idling speed than hitherto possible and without drawing gasoline vapor into the pumping cylinder; and to ac complish these resultsby a novel, simple" and inexpensive construction of the device. Another requirement of the device of the character stated is thatit shall' be adapted'for application to use on engines as at present'co'mmonly constructed many of which are of such designasto present obstruction to the application thereto of such-devices unless the devices are of quite small size; it being another of my objects to; provide a device by which the purposes above mentioned may be accomplished and yet will be of such small size as toladapt it for use with engines as at present constructed even when oi such design as to require the useof smallsize devices to avoid obstruction to assembly with the engine.

Referring to the accompanying drawing: I Figure l is a View in vertical sectional elevation of one of the cylinders of a multi-oylinder internal combustion engine showing it as equipped with a deviceembodying my invention. I

Figure 2 is an enlarged View in vertical sectional elevation of the device of Fig, 1. Figure 3 is a plan sectional view of the device, the section'being taken at the irregular line 3-3 on Fig. 2 and viewed in the direction of the arrows, this view showing the flap valves of the device in the position they assume upon the engine suction stroke.

Figure 4 is a view like Fig.3 and of the structure therein shown illustrating the fiap valves in the positions they assume on the engine pressure stroke, the section being taken at the line 4 on Fig. 2 and viewed in the direction of the arrow.

Figure 5 is a view in elevation of the structure comprising the flap valves and .a valve cage of the preceding figures of the drawing showing one. of the flap valves as turned back to expose a detail of the valve cage, the structure being viewed approximately from the front thereof in Figs. 3 and 4; and

Figure 6, a view in side elevation of the structure shown in Fig. 5 with the flap valve at the near side of the structure omitted to illustrate a detail of the valve cage, this view being taken from; the right hand sideof- Fig. 5.

Referring. to the construction shown, the device comprises a cylindrical casing F- provided with external threads 8 adapted to be screwed into the spa-rk-plng receiving opening 9 of one of the cylinders of a multi-cylinderl internal combustion engine, such as the cylinder I-Il of theenginerepresented at II.

' The casing I contains diametrically opposed series I2 and. I3- of. circumferential slotseach shown asof a length slightly greater than onefourth of: the circumference of the casing, these slots forming air inlets fora purposehereinafter explained. The air inlets I2 and l-Sare controlled bycheckvalves in the form. of fiapvalves I4 and I5, these valves being preferably made of a rubber-like material. havingthe necessary qualities to meet the conditionsoi. use in connection with an internal combustion engine, such as is well known in the art; the material. known in the art as Neoprene. being admirably suited for my purpose.

The valves I4 and were held in position by a cage or retainer It. comprising two separate sections I1: and IB-ot identical shape and form. The sections I I: and W are of arcuate form presenting the arcuate portions: L9 and 20, respectively, which describearcs of considerably less. radii than the radius of'the inner cylindrical surface of the casing Ltheportions I 9- and 28 being. apertured' asindicated at: 21

Extending, along. onev longitudinal edge. of the section I8 is a; series of outwardly bent lugs- 22 shown'as fiv-e inrnumber and equidistantly spaced. and along. the opposite. edge of this section is a seriesof outwardly bent lugs 23- of considerably greater-length than thelugsv 2-2 as. shown, the

lugs 23 being circumferentially alined' with the ones of the lugsv 2.2. next adjacent the. terminal ones of the series thereof. The section I1 is similarly providedwith lugs at its-oppositev longitudinal edges, theselugs being, represented at 24 and 25 and corresponding with the lugs 22. and 23;, respectively.

- Theupper and lower edge portions of the section I8 are cut away from the terminal ones of the lug 22 tothe lugs. 23 as indicated at 26. and 21; the upper and lower edges of the section IT being similarly cut away from the terminal ones of its. lugs 24 to the lugs 25- as represented at 28 and 29. I

The sections I1 and I8, preferably made of sheet metal, are. so positioned that the long lugs 23 and 25 register, respectively, with those of the lugs 24' and 22 which are. next adjacent to the terminal ones of the lugs 22 and 24, as shown, the outer ends of these registering lugs being flush with each other.

The flap valves I4 and I5 are formed from eparate sheets of the desired material these valves being apertured along one edge as represented at 3B of the flap M shown in Fig. 5, to receive the lugs 23 and 25 and the intermediate ones of the lugs 22 and 24. The flap valves are thus held at vertical marginal portions. thereof against shifting lengthwise and circumferentially of the cage and present portions opposite the air inlets I2 and I3 freely movable into and out of a position for closing these air inlets; the free portions of these valves extending from their namely, circumferentially of the casing.

The cage is so positioned in the casing I as to cause its arcuate members la and 20 to span the series of slots I2 and I 3 as shown, with thefiap valves M and I5 interposed therebetween. Inthis position of the parts the lugs 22 -25 on the cage extend into diametrically opposed verti- I cal grooves SI in the upper part of the casing I. These grooves extend through the upper end of the casing and in assembling the parts. the lugs on the cage are entered into the upper ends of these grooves and the cage, together with the flap valves thereon, slid in these grooves to a po- -15 connections with the cage in the same direction,

68 as above described causes these sectionsbetween the lugs 23 on the one section and the lugs 25 on the other section, to present slots 33 and 34 at opposite sides of the cage which extend throughout the greater portion of the length of the cage. The slots 33 and 34 are located ad jacent the free edge portions of the flap valves l5 and M, respectively, the flap valves being v of such l size that. they do not cover these slotswhen these valves are in a position in which they are displaced from the air inlets I2 and I3, namely on the suction stroke of the engine.

The parts. are. so proportioned asshown that when. the flap valves I4 and I5 are displaced I from the air inlets I2 and I3 asshown in. Figsf2 and 3, the greater. portion of the lower edge ofthe cage will be spaced from. the casing,.as shown, thus affording passagesthrough which. air drawn into. the device through the inlets I2 and I3. may pass downwardly, without obstruction, intothe casing l directly to a position below the cage and thence to the engine cylinder; air also passing from the air inlets I2 and I3 throughthe, slots 33 and 34 into the cage and discharging through ball-check 3T, theupper end of thecap being provided with a nipple 38 adapted for attachment to I the end of a flexible hose shown. at 39;.

In the use of the device the. casing I is screwed into a spark-plug-receiving opening asv above 'de-,

scribed. When the engine is operated the piston in the cylinder to whichthe deviceis attached operates to draw air into the casing through the openings I2 and I3 and expel it at a high pressure through the. opening 36 into the hose39.

The flap valves I4 and I5 beingsupportedat marginal portions as above described are thus free to move at their portions opposing the air inlets l2 and I3 and Without any interference between them and any frictional resistance, thus rendering them very sensitive in action.

Furthermore, provision is provided by the construction shown and described, for the free, substantially unobstructed flow of the air from the air inlets l2 and l3 into the interior of the lower end of the casing l and-in such volume as to prevent the Vacuum produced on the suction stroke of the piston of the pumping cylinder from becoming sufiiciently effective on the gas intake of the engine as to draw gasoline into this cylinder.

'In this connection it will be noted that the valves I4 and I5 extend at their free portions in the same direction, namely, in the construction shown in clockwise direction (Fig. 4); the fixed edges of these valves contacting with the side wall of the casing 1. Thus portions of the air entering the casing 1 are directed from the v opposite sides of the casing in the same direction circumferentially by the free portions of the valves 14 and I5, toward the respective slots 34 and 33 which causes the air to freely swirl in the cage without obstruction and without baffling, such as would result were the two streams to abut, and flow out of the lower end of the cage; the longitudinal edges of the flap valves l4 and I5 adjacent their connections with the cage, beingbeveled as indicated at 35 to reduce to the minimum the baffling of the air in its movement to the slots 33 and 34.

- In the particular construction shown the cage I 6 not only serves as a support for the flap valves but also as a means for limiting inward movement of the free edge portions thereof on the suction stroke of the pumping cylinder serving to permit the flap valves to move inwardly sufficiently far for effecting the desired air flow through the device but preventing flapping or fluttering of the flap valves as would occur in case no such stops were provided and which would manifestly be objectionable.

The sensitivity of the flap valves is effective. not only as a factor in developing a high degree of efficiency in the pumping of air, permitting high pressures to be developed, but also as a factor in preventing the pumping of gasoline.

As will be understood, when the flap valves are displaced inwardly against the cage IE on the suction stroke of the pumping cylinder, the openings 2i become covered by the flap valves and thus the latter are quickly forced into a position in which they cover the air inlets I2 and [3, by the action of the air directed against these valves, upon the beginning of the compression stroke of the pumping cylinder, contributing to the pumping of high pressures.

While I have illustrated and described a particular embodiment of my invention I do not wish to be understood as intending" to limit it thereto as the same may be variously modified and altered without departing from the spirit of my inven- I tion.

a valve cage in said casing and spaced from the side wall of said casing, flap valves interposed between said casing and cage and held in place at marginal edge portions thereof extending generally in the direction of the length of the device and closely adjacent said casing and each present ing a free portion, said free portions extending in the same direction and adapted to move crosswise of the device into and out of a position for closing said air inlets, said cage having openings adjacent to, to extend beyond, the free portions of said flap valves to which the flap valves direct air entering the casing through said air inlets, the longitudinal edges of said flap valves adja cent the portions thereof at which they are held in place being beveled to deflect inwardly air irn-' pinging against them.

2. A device of the character described comprising a casing having an air inlet in itsside wall, a valve cage in said casing formed of separate non-symmetrical, outwardly convex sections of the same form and size associated in mutually reversed relation to provide with the casing a curved wedge-shaped valve chamber, and a flap valve between said casing and cage, secured in place at one of its longitudinal edge portions and presenting a free portion in said chamber cooperating with said air inlet. v

3. A device of the character described com-prising a casing having an air inlet in its side wall, a valve cage in said casing formed of separate sections and presenting registering lateral lugs at adjacent edges thereof, and a flap valve between said casing and cage and apertured to receive said lugs.

4. A device of the character described compris ing a casing having an air inlet in its side wall and grooves on the inner surface of its side wall extending generally lengthwise of said casing and through one end thereof, a valve cage in said casing having lateral lugs, and a flap valve between said casing and cage, said cage being slid- .able at said lugs in said grooves to assembled position therein.

A device of the character described. comprising a casing having an air inlet in its side wall and grooves on. the innerisurface of its side wall extending generally lengthwise of said casing and through. one end thereof, a valve cage in said casing formed of separate sections presenting registering lateral lugs at adjacent edges thereof, and a flap valve between said casing and cage, said cage being slidable at said lugs in said grooves to assembled position in said casing.

6. A device of the character described comprising a casing having an air inlet in its side wall and grooves on the inner surface of its side wall extending generally lengthwise of said casing and through one end thereof, a valve cage in said casing formed of separate sections presenting registering lateral lugs at adjacent edges thereof, and a flap valve between said casing and cage apertured to receive said lugs, said cage being slidable at said lugs in said grooves to assembled position in said casing.

,7. A device of the character described comprising a casing having an air inlet in its side wall, a valve cage in said casing presenting edges extending generally lengthwise thereof, said edges having registering lugs of different lengths afiording an opening therebetween in said cage, and a flap valve between said casing d nal ed es of ach section havin outwa d y laterally extending lugs, those atone edge being longer than those at the other edge, the longer of said lugs registering with the shorter ones thereof affording openings in said cage between said longer lugs, and flap valves between said casing and cage and held in place at marginal edge portions thereof extending generally in the direction of the length of the device and closely adjacent said casing and each presenting a free portion, said free portions extending in the same direction and adapted to move crosswise of the device into and out of a position for closing said air inlets, said openings being located, respectively, adjacent the free portions of said flap valves, whereby said flap valves direct to said openings air entering the casing through said air inlets.

9. A device of the character described comprising a casing having air inlets in its side wall, a valve cage in said casing formed of separate sections the joints between them extending generally lengthwise of the device, the longitudinal edges of each section having outwardly laterally extending lugs, those at one edge being longer than those at the other edge, the longer of said lugs registering with the shorter ones thereof affording openings in said cage between said longer lugs, and flap valves between said casing and cage and having slots at marginal edge portions thereof extending generally lengthwise of the device into which certain of said lugs extend, said flap valves extending closely adjacent said casing at their held edges, each of said flap valves presenting a free portion, said free portions extending in the same direction and adapted to move crosswise of the device into and out of a position for closing said air inlets, said openings being located, respectively, adjacent the free portions of said flap valves, whereby said flap valves direct to said openings air entering the casing through said air inlets.

10. A device of the character described comprising a casing having air inlets in its side wall at opposite sides of the casing, the inner surface of said side wall having grooves extend ing generally lengthwise of said casing and through one end thereof, a valve cage in said casing formed of separate sections, the longitudinal edges of said valve-cage-sections having outwardly laterally extending lugs, those at one edge being longer than those at the other edge, the longer of said lugs registering with the shorter ones thereof affording openings in said cage between said longer lugs, and flap valves. between said casing and cage and having slots at marginal edge portions thereof extending generally lengthwise of the device into which said lugs extend, said flap valves extending closely adjacent said casing at their held ends, said free portions extending in the same direction and adapted to move crosswise of the device into and out of a position for closing said air inlets, said openings being located, respectively, adjacent the free portions of said flap valves, whereby said flap valves direct to said openings air entering the casing through said air inlets, said cage being slidable at said lugs in said grooves to assembled raolial opening between the longer ones of said lugs communicating with the interior of the cage, and a flap valve between said casing and cage for controlling said air inlet, said opening being adjacent to, but beyond the free portion of said flap valve.

12. A device of the character described com prising a casing having an air inlet in its side 7 wall, a valve cage in said casing formed in separate sections, said sections each formed with.

lugs projecting at an edge thereof, and a flap valve formed with openings engaging the lugs of each of said sections to hold said sections in assembly, and acting to control said inlet.

GEORGE H. MEISER.

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