US2191521A

US2191521A - Safety mechanism for firearms

Info

Publication number: US2191521A
Application number: US123415A
Authority: US
Inventors: Harry L Crockett
Original assignee: Western Cartridge Co
Current assignee: Western Cartridge Co
Priority date: 1937-02-01
Filing date: 1937-02-01
Publication date: 1940-02-27
Anticipated expiration: 1957-02-27

Description

Feb. 27, X940.

H. L.. CROCKETT SAFETY MECHANISM FOR FIREARMS Filed Feb. 1, 1957 s sheets-smet 1 Feb. 27, i940. H. 1 cRocKETT SAFETY MECHANISM FOR FIREARMS 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. l, 1937 mm M H. L.. CROCKETT SAFETY MECHNISM FOR FIREARMS Feb. 27, 1940.y

Filed Feb. l, 1957 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 QN QM. mm

Patented Feb. 27, 1940 UNTED STATES PATENT ortica SAFETY MECHANISM FOR FIREARMS Application February l, 1937, Serial No. 123,415

18 Claims.

This invention relates to an improvement in firearms, and relates in particular to safety mechanism for firearms to serve to guard against the inadvertent discharge of the latter.

5' One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a superior safety mechanism for rearms which will guard against inadvertent ring.

Another object is to provide a superior safety mechanism for rearms which will not only` guard against iiring when the trigger is inadvertently pulled, but will also guard against the iiring of the arm as an incident to lateral blows or shock.

A further object of the present invention is r to provide a superior safety mechanism Vwhich will securely lock the ming-mechanism of a iirearm against inadvertent release, but which will also permit the trigger to reassume its normal position should it be displaced therefrom while the safety mechanism is in its on position.

A still further object is to provide a superior safety mechanism which will not only effectively prevent the inadvertent firing of a irearm while leaving the trigger free for manipulation, but which will also permit the trigger to reassume its normal position before the safety mechanism is released.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a simple, reliable and effective safety mechanism which will lock both the sear and the bolt of the firearm.

With the above and other objects in View, as will appear to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure, this invention includes all fea- ;i, tures in the said disclosure which are novel over the prior art and which are not claimed by me in a separate application.

In the accompanying drawings, in which certain modes of carrying out the present invention are shown for illustrative purposes:

Fig. l is a broken view in side elevation of an upturn-and-pullback bolt-action. firearm in which the present invention is incorporated, the stock and associated parts being omitted and the safety mechanism being shown in its 01T position;

Fig. 2 is a view corresponding to Fig. 1 but showing the safety mechanism shifted into its on position; .i Fig, 3 is a vertical, central, longitudinal, sectional view thereof with the parts shown in the positions which they assume when the safety mechanism is in its oi position;

Fig. 4 is a view corresponding to Fig. 3 but showing the positions which the parts assume when. the safety mechanism -is thrown into its on position; l

Fig. 5 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line 5 5 of Fig. 1;

-lYO

Fig. 6 is a similar view taken on the line 6-6 of Fig, 1;

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the sear;

Fig. 8 is a similar View of the locking-slide;

Fig. 9 is a perspective View of the safety-lever; and

Fig. l0 is a View in side elevationv of ythe bolt.

The safety mechanism of the present invention is suitable for use in connection with various firearm structures but the particular firearm herein chosen for illustrative purposes is of the so-called upturn-and-pullback bolt-action type. The said firearm includes a receiver 20 of substantially tubular form having a transverse dovetail sight-receiving vgroove 2l in its upper portion and having threaded into its forward end the rear end of a barrel 22 having a cartridgechamber 23 therein. The receiver 2B is also prof vided with an axial bolt-receiving passage 2d, the forward upper portion of which is intersected by a loading-and-ejection opening 25.

Mounted in the bolt-receiving passage 24,0f

the receiver 20, with capacity for reciprocation therein, is a cylindrical bolt 25 having an axial ring-pin passage 21 therein intersected at its forward end by a relatively-small eccentric passage 28. Projectable through the said passage 28 is the firing-point 29 of a ring-plunger 30 mounted in the passage 21 in the bolt 26.

The rear portion of the firing-plunger 3l) is of tubular form in cross-section andprovides a ring-spring chamber 3| receiving a firing-spring 32, which latter thrusts at its forward end against the front wall 33 of the firing-spring chamber 3l. The rear end of the firing-spring 32 is seated against a pin 34 mounted in and extending transversely through the reduced cylindrical rear portion 35 of the bolt 26. The said pin extends through longitudinal clearance-slots 36-36 respectively formed in the rear portion of the top and bottom walls of the firing-plunger 3U so that the first firing-plunger may reciprocate independently of the bolt 26 but, at the same time, be prevented from relative rotary movement with respect thereto. l

As shown, the rear end of the iring plunger 3l) may be provided with a head 31 having forwardly-extending nibs 313-38 adapted to venter complementary notches 39-32 in the rear edge of a bolt-operating sleeve i8 which is mounted with capacity for turning movement upon the reduced cylindrical rear portion 35 of the bolt 26 and provided with an integral laterally-cifsetting handle 4| terminating in a ball-grip 42.

Intermediate its respective opposite ends, the under-portion of the firing-plunger 30 is transversely cut away to provide a substantially-vertical forwardly-facing cooking-shoulder Q3 adapted to be engaged, when the firearm is cocked, by the rear face 44 offa Sear-nose 45 vertically upstanding from a pivotal sear 46. The said sear is pivotally mounted adjacent its forward end by means of a transverse pivot-screw 41, in a vertically-extending passage 48 formed in the under side of the receiver 26. The said Sear-nose 45 of the sear 46 projects upwardly for the engagement of its rear face 44 with the cooking-shoulder 43, through a longitudinal clearance-slot 49 formed in the under side of the bolt 26.

The portion of the sear v46 which is located forwardly of the pin 41 is provided with 'an`upwardly-opening spring-pocket 50 receiving a Sear-spring l bearing at its upper end againstY the under surface of the receiver'20'and exerting a constant effort to swing the said sear in a clockwise direction vas viewed in the drawings to lift its Sear-nose 45. The sear 46 is also formed with a vertical passage 52 receiving the upper end 53 of a trigger 54 and is provided just tothe rear of the said passage 52 with a downwardlyfacing trigger-engagingshoulder 55 adapted to rest, when the rearm is cocked, upon an upwardly-facing scar-engaging shoulder' 56 formed upon the trigger 54 before referred to.

To limit the degree of overlap of the triggerengaging shoulder 55 and the -sear-engaging shoulder 56, the upper portionof the said trigger 54 is provided with an inclined adjusting-screwl 51, the rear terminal of which is engageable with the rear wall 58 of the passage 52 in the sear 46 for the purpose just referred to. l

The rear portion of the sear 46 is formed with an upwardly-opening pocket 59 receiving a searactuating plunger. 60 having a stem 6I downwardly-extending through a bearing-passage 62 opening downwardly through the Sear 46 from the lower end of the said pocket k59 therein. The stem 6| of the Sear-actuating plunger 60 is encircled by a Sear-actuating spring 63 housed in the pocket 59 of the sear 46 and exerting a constant effort to move the plunger 60 upwardly with respect to the sear 46, and hence tending,

under certain conditions as will hereinafter appear, to depress the rear end 0f the said sear.

The upper terminal of the Sear-actuating `plunger 66 is adapted to engage, when the bolt 26 is in its closed position, with a detent-notch 64 formed in the bolt-operating sleeve 46 before referred to, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4 of the drawings. The upper end of the said plunger -60 is also adapted, when the bolt-operating handle is in its elevated position, to engage with a cam-surface 65 also formedupon the exterior surface of .the bolt-operating sleeve 40. Under the conditions just described, the upward movement of the Sear-actuating plunger 60 with respect to the sear 46 is limited by a stop-pin 66 extending transversely through the stem 6| of the said plunger and engageable for the purpose described with the under face ofthe adjacent Y portion of the sear 46.

The trigger 54 before described is pivoted intermediate its upper end 53 and its ringer-piece 61 by means of a pivot-pin 68 extending transversely thereof and mounted at its respective opposite ends in complementaryv fingers 69-69 depending from a trigger-bracket 16. The said trigger-bracket has its respective opposite side walls 1li-1|, fromwhich the fingers 69-69 depend, attached to the receiver 20 by means of the screw 41 upon which the sear 46 swings.

The rear wall 12 of the-trigger-bracket 10 is bent to provide two rearwardly-extending ears 13 and V14. e The ear 1-3 just referred to has extending through it a screw lthreaded. into theA under wall of the receiver and serving to secure the rear end of the said trigger-bracket in place. The ear 14 just referred to of the triggerbracket 10 mounts an internally-threaded bushing 16 receiving an adjusting-screw 11, the lower end of which engages the upper end of a triggerspring 18, which latter has its lower end seated in a pocket 19 formed in the upper rear face of the linger-piece 61 of the trigger 54.

The mode of operation of the firing-mechanism above referred to Vis fully described in United States Patent No. 2,069,887, dated February 9, 1937, and requires no detailed description herein other than to say that the operation of the trigger 54 serves to permit the Sear-actuating spring 63 to effect the withdrawal of the scar-nose 45 of the sear 46 out of the path of the cooking-shoulder 43 of the firing-plunger 30, to effect the discharge of the firearm.

Coming now toI the safety mechanism with which the present invention is primarily concerned, the particular safety mechanism herein chosen for illustration includes a plate-like locking-member or slide 80, which is mounted with capacity for reciprocating movement axially with respect to the receiver 20 in a vertical longitudinal slot BI formed in the lower right-side portion thereof and intersecting both the exterior thereof as well as the bolt-receiving passage 24 therein. The said locking-slide is formed in its front and rear edges respectively with

guidenotches

82 and 83, through which pass transverse retainingor guide-pins 84 and 85 mounted in the receiver 2G.

The locking-slide B0 is also provided with a laterally-and-outwardly-extending coupling-stud 36 which is adapted to project through the coupling-'slot 81 formed in an oscillating safetylever 88. The said safety-lever is preferably formed of sheet-metal and has its upper end outwardly bent to provide a finger-piece 89 of arcuate form for convenient manipulation by the thumbof a marksman. The upper portion of the locking-slide 86 is accommodated in a clearancenotch 90 formed in the right side-wall of the receiver 20 and having its front and rear walls 9i and 92 respectively adapted to act as stops to limit the front and rear swinging movements respectively of the said safety-lever 88.

The end of the coupling-stud 86 of the locking-slide 86 which projects outwardly through the slot 81 in the safety-lever 68 is provided with an annular groove S3 which is adapted to cooperate with a wire-like detent-spring 94. The detent-spring, just referred to, is bent to provide a hump or peak 95 and has its forward end reversely looped around the pivot-screw 41, before referred to. The end of the detent-spring 89 opposite its portion 95 is bent inwardly as at 96, so as to rest upon the upper edge of the right side-wall 1| of the trigger-bracket 10.

Immediately below the guide-slot 83, the locking-slide 80 is formed with a horizontal slot 91 resulting in the formation of a locking-nose or abutment 98, the upper surface of which latter is adapted to have cam-like engagement, for the purpose as will hereinafter appear, with a locking-pin or abutment 99 projecting laterally from the right side of the sear 46 (Figs. l, 2, 6 and 7).

The lower end of the safety-lever 88 is provided with an inwardly-projecting stud |00 oscillating in a bearing-opening I0! formed in the right side-wall of the trigger-bracket 1D (Figs. 5, 6 and 9).

When the safety-lever 88'` is swung forwardly into the position in which it is shown in Fig. 1, the safety-slide 853. will be similarly shifted so that the locking-nose Slt thereof is'withdrawn from under the locking-pin 99 of the sear 36. Both the safety-lever 853 and the locking-slide 88 will be releasably retained in the position just described by the engagement of the forward reach of the hump 95 of the detent-spring 94 with the coupling-stud 36. Under these conditions, when the triggerili is pulled, the scar-engaging or -restraining shoulder 56 -thereof will be withdrawn from under the trigger-engaging shoulder of the sear d5, thus permitting the latter to be swung downwardly by the spring 63. This downward swinging movement of the Sear 48 will disengage the Sear-nose l5 from the cocking-shoulder 13 or the firing-plunger 3u, to thus permit the latter to snap forwardly underv the urge of the ring-spring 32 to effect the discharge of the rearm.

After the rearm has been re-cocked by first swinging the bolt-handle ill upwardly and retiring the bolt 26, and then reversing the operations just described, in the usual manner of bolt-action firearms, the parts will reassume the positions in which they are shown -in Figs. 1, 3 and 5.

If, now, the safety-lever Sii is rocked rearwardly to the position in which it is shown in Fig. 2, the locking-slide 8U will be similarly moved with the eiect of causing its locking-nose 98 to cam its way under the locking-pin 99 of the sear lit, and thus slightly lift the said sear against the tension of the spring 53, until the trigger-engaging shoulder 55 of the said seal1 is lifted clear of the Sear-engaging shoulder 5d of the trigger 54, as shown particularly well in Fig. 4.

In the event, now, that the trigger 5d should be inadvertenth7 pulled, the sear d6 will be securely held against swinging downwardly to release the firing-pin 3i) and, what is most important, the said sear will be held in such position that the trigger, when released, will be free to reposition its Sear-engaging shoulder 56 beneath the now elevated trigger-engaging shoulder 55 of the said sear. Thus, should the safety-lever 88 be swung from its on to its off position after the trigger has been inadvertently pulled and released, the sear will be prevented from swinging downwardly toward its firing-memberreleasing position more than enough to reengage its trigger-engaging shoulder 55 with the searengaging shoulder of the trigger which latter shoulder will prevent the discharge of the rearm when the safety-lever 38 is moved from its "on to its oir position.

When the safety-slide is moved rearwardly, as above described, to cause its nose 98 to eiect the lifting of 'the sear Qt, the upper rear portion H32 of the said slide will be projected rearwardly into a locking-notch i533 formed in the periphery of the bolt-operating sleeve 4? of the bolt-handie lli. The locking-notch l just referred to, forms, when the bolt-handle is in its down position as shown in the accompanying drawings, a continuation of a clearance-groove i043 formed in the lower right portion of the periphery of the bolt 25.

Thus, when the locking-slide 85 is moved to its rearmost position, not only does its locking-nose 98 serve to lock the sear 56, but its upper rear portion 152, by entry into the locking-notch |53, serves to lock the bolt-handle di and hence the bolt 2B.

It it may here be noted that when the bolthandle vlll is swung upwardly in the usual manner of bolt-action rearms, the locking-notch |93 in the bolt-operating sleeve i9 will be moved out of registration with the path of movement of portion H32 of the locking-slide 82, so that should the marksman inadvertently attempt to move the locking-slide into its locking position under the conditions just described, the rear edge of said locking-slide will be prevented from effective rearward movement by the engagement of its rear edge with the forward edge of the bolt-operating sleeve dil.

When the safety-lever is swung into its on position, as shown in Fig. 2, the rear reach of the hump e5 of the detent-spring 94 will, by engagement with the coupling-stud 86 of the safety-slide 80, serve to yieidingly hold the said slide and the said safety-lever in the positions in which they are shown in the figure referred to.

-The invention may be carried out in other specic ways than those herein set forth without departing from the spirit and essential characteristics of the invention, and the present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, and all changes coming within the meaning and equivalency range of the appended claims are intended to be embraced therein.

I claim:

l. In a firearm the combination with a springpressed firing-member; of a sear for releasably holding the ring-member and continuously acted on to release the same; a trigger associated with the sear to cause it to be retained in a normal firing-member-holding position and operable to release the sear; and a manually-operable saiety-member having a Sear-shifting portion movable to engage with and shift the sear from the said normal ring-member-holding position, and supporting the sear to temporarily replace the trigger with respect to retaining the Sear in a nring-member-holding position.

2. In a iirearm the combination with a springpressed firing-member; of a sear for releasably holding the firing-member and continuously acted on to release the same, the said sear being provided with a locking-projection; a trigger associated with the sear to cause it to be retained in a normal iiring-member-holding position and operable to release'the sear; and a manuallyoperable safety-member having a scar-shifting portion coacting with the said locking-projection and movable to engage therewith and shift the Sear from the said normal. ming-memberholding position, and supporting the sear to ternporarily replace the trigger with respect to retaining the sear in a ring--member-holding nosition.

3. In a firearm the combination with a springpressed tiring-member; of a sear for releasably holding the firing-member; spring-means continuously urging the Sear to release the ringmember; a trigger associated with the sear to soYY cause it to be retained in a normal firing-men ber-holding position and operable to release the Sear to the action of the said spring-means; and a manually-operable safety-member having a soar-shifting portion movable to engage with and shift the sear from the sai-d normal firing-inember-holding position, and supporting the sear against the counterurge of the said spring-means to temporarily replace the trigger with respect to retaining the sear in a firing-member-holding position.

fi. In a firearm the combination with a springpressed firing-member; of a sear for releasably holding the firing-member and continuously acted on to release the same; a trigger associated with the sear to cause it to be retained in a normai firing-member-holding position and operable to release the sear; a locking-slide having a searshifting portion movable to engage with and shift the sear from the said normal firing-member-holding position, and supporting the scar to temporarily replace the trigger with respect to retaining the sear in a ring-member-holding position; and a manually-operable safety-lever peratively connected to the said locking-slide to shift the same. f

5. In a rearm the combination with a springpressed ring-member; of a sear for releasably holding the firing-member and continuously acted on to release the same, the said sea-r being provided with a locking-projection; a trigger associated with the sear to cause it to be retained in a normal firing-member-holding position and operable toy release the sear; a locking-slide having a Sear-shifting portion coacting with the said locking projection and movable to engage therewith and shift the Sear from the said normal firing-meniber-holding position, and supporting the sear to temporarily replace the trigger with respect to retaining the sear in a firing-member- 'h'oldin'g position; and a manually-operable safety-lever operatively connected to the said lockingf slide to shift the same.

6. In a firearm the combination with a springpressed firing-member; of a sear for releasably holding the firing-member; spring-means con- 35r tinuously urging the Sear to release the firingmember; a trigger associated with the sear to cause it to be retained in a normal firing-member-holding position and operable to release the sear to the action of the said spring-means; a locking-slide having a Sear-shifting portion movable to engage with and shift the sear from the said normal ring-member-holding position, and supporting the sear against the counterurge of i the said spring-means to temporarily replace the trigger with respect to retaining the sear in a firing-member-holding position; and a manuallyoperable safety-lever operatively co-nnected to the said locking-slide to shift the same.

7. In a rearm the combination with a springpressed firing-member: of a Sear for releasably holding the firing-member and continuously acted on to release the same, the said sear having a trigger-engaging portion; a trigger provided with a Sear-restraining portion for coacting With the said trigger-engaging portion to retain the sear in a normal iiring-member-holding position, the said trigger being operable to move the scar-restraining portion thereof to release the Sear; and .a manually-operable safety-member having a Sear-shifting portion movable to engage with and shift the sear to move its trigger-engaging portion from the Sear-restraining portion of the trigger, the Sear-engaging safety-member supporting the said sear to temporarily replace the trigger with respect to retaining the sear in a firing-member-holding position.

8. In a rearm the combination With a springpressed firing-member: of a Sear for releasably holding the firing-member and continuously acted on to release the same, the said sear having a trigger-engaging portion and being also provided with a locking-projection; a trigger provided with a Sear-restraining portion for co'acting p with the said trigger-engaging portion to retain the sear in a normal iiring-member-hol-ding position, the said trigger being operable to move the scar-restraining portion thereof to release the Sear; and a manually-operable safety-member having a Sear-shifting portion coasting with the said locking-projection and movable to engage therewith and shift the sear to move its triggerengaging portion from the Sear-restraining portion of the trigger, the Sear-engaging safetymember supporting the said sear to temporarily replace the trigger With respect to retaining the sear in a firing-member-holding position.

9. In a firearm the combination with a springpressed firing-member: of a sear for releasably hoiding the firing-member and continuously acted on to release the same, the said sear having a trigger-engaging portion; a trigger provided With a seais-restraining portion for coacting With the 'said Vtrigger-engaging portion to retain the sear v ing locking-slide supporting the said sear to temporarily replace the trigger Withfrespect yto retaining the sear in a firing-member-holding position;v` and a safety-lever operatively connected to the said locking-slide to shift the same.

i0. In a firearm the combination with a springpressed yfiring-member: of a sear for releasably holding the firing-member; spring-means continuously urging the'sear to release the firingmember; the said scar having a trigger-engaging portion; a trigger provided With a scar-restraining portion for coacting With the said trigger-engaging portion to retain the sear in a normal ring-member-holding position, the said trigger being operable to move the rSear-restraining portion thereof to releasevthe sear to the action of the said spring-means; a locking-slide having a Sear-shifting portion movable to engage with and shift the sear to move its trigger-engaging portion from the Sear-restraining portion of the trigger, the scar-engaging locking-slide supporting the said sear against the counterurge of the said spring-means to temporarily replace the trigger with respect to retaining the sear in a ring-member-holding position; and a safetylever operatively connected to the said lockingslide to shift the same.

1l. In an upturn-and-pullback bolt-action firearm, the combination with a bolt-unit having an oscillatable bolt-handle; of a spring-pressed firing-member; a sear for releasably holding the firing-member and continuously acted on to release the same; a trigger associated with the said Sear to cause it to be retained in a normal firingmember-holding position and operable to release the sear; and a manually-operable safety-member carrying means for engaging a member of the bolt-unit to lock the said bolt-unit, and being aiso provided with a Sear-shifting portion movable to engage with and shift the Sear from the l said normal firing-member-holding position and same, the said sear having a trigger-engaging portion; a trigger provided with a Sear-restraining portion coacting with the said trigger-engaging portion to retain the sear in a normal firingmember-holding position, the said trigger being operable to move the Sear-restraining portion thereof to release the sear; and a manually-operable safety-member carrying means for engaging a member of the bolt-unit to lock the said bolt-handle, and being also provided with a searshifting portion movable to engage with the sear and shift its trigger-engaging portion from the Sear-restraining portion of the trigger, the searengaging safety-member supporting the sear to temporarily replace the trigger with respect to retaining the sear in a firing-member-holding position.

13. In an upturn-and-pullback bolt-action firearm, the combination with a bolt-unit including a bolt having a bolt-handle oscillatable with respect thereto: of a spring-pressed firing-member; a sear for releasably holding the firing-member, the said sear having a trigger-engaging portion; spring-means continuously urging the sear from the firing-member to release the same, a trigger provided with a Sear-restraining portion coacting with the said trigger-engaging portion to retain the sear in a normal ring-member-holding position, the said trigger being operable to move the soar-restraining portion thereof to release the scar to the action of the said spring-means; and a manually-operable safety-member carrying means for engaging a member of the bolt-unit to lock the said bolt-handle, and being also provided with a scar-shifting portion movable to engage with the scar and shift its trigger-engaging portion from the Sear-restraining portion ci the trigger, the scar-engaging safety-member supporting the sear against the` counterurge of the said spring-means to temporarily replace thev trigger with respect to retaining the sear in a iiring-member-holding position.

14. In a firearm the combination with a springpressed firing-member; of a sear for releasably holding the firing-member and having releasingaction continuo-usly exerted thereon to free the firing-member; a trigger coacting With the sear and having a Sear-restraining position for retaining the sear in a normal ring-member-holding position against the continuously exerted releasing-action, the said trigger being separatelyniounted and operable independently of the sear to free the sear to the said continuously exerted releasing-action; and a manually-operable safety-member movable to engage with and lock the sear independently of the said trigger against the said continuously exerted releasing-action; the said trigger being automatically returnable independently of the safety-member and Sear to its initial Sear-restraining position, and the said safety-member being also operable to release the sear for movement thereof by the said continuously exerted releasing-action to the Sear-restraining position of the trigger to be retained thereat in said normal iiring-member-holding position.

15. In a firearm the combination with a springpresse-d ring-rnember: of a sear for releasably holding the ring-member and having releasingaction continuously exerted thereon to free the ring-rnember, the said sear being provided with a lateral locking-projection; a trigger coacting with the sear and having a soar-restraining position for retaining the sear in a normal ringthe member-holding position against the continuously exerted releasing-action, the said trigger being separately-mounted and operable independently of the sear to free the sear to the said continuously exerted releasing-action; and a manually-operable safety-member having a Sear-shifting portion 'coacting with the said locking-projection to engage with. and lock the sear independently of the said trigger against the said continuously exerted releasing-action; vthe said trigger being automatically returnable independently of the safety-member and sear to its initial sear-restraining position, and the said safety-member being also operable to release the sear for movement thereof by the said continuously exerted releasing-action to the Sear-restraining position of the trigger to be retained thereat in said normal ring-member-holding position.

16. In a firearm the combination With a springpressed nring-member: of a sear for releasably holding the ring-mernber and having releasingaction continuously exerted thereon; a trigger associated with the sear to cause it to be retained in a normal firing-member-holding position and operable to free the sear to the said releasing-action; and safety mechanism including a reciprocating member and a pivotal force-multiplying member, ivotal member being operatively connected to the said reciprocating-member to shift the same into and out of locking position with respect to the sear, the said safety mechanism in searioclting position. acting against the said releasingaction exerted on the sear and temporarily replacing the trigger with respect to retaining the sear in a ring-member-holding position,

17. In a firearm the combination with a springpressed ring-member: of a soar for releasably holding the hiring-member and having releasingaction continuously exerted thereon, ythe said sear being provided with a lateral locking-projection; a trigger associated with the sear to cause it to be retained ina normal firing-member-holding position and operable to free the sear to the said releasing-action; and safety mechanism including a reciprocating-member and a 'pivotal force-multiplying' member, the pivotal member being operatively connected to the said reciprocating-memberto shift the same and the said reciprocating-rnernber coasting with thesaid lateral locking-projection to loca and unlock the seat?, the said safety-mechanism in Sear-locking position acting against the said releasing-action exerted on the Sear and temporarily replacing the trigger With respect to retaining the sear in a nring-rnember-holding position.

18. In an upturn-and-pullback bolt-action nrearm, the combinationwith a bolt-unit having an oscillatable bolt-handle: of a spring-pressed firneinber; a scar for releasably holding the g spring-means continuously urging the sear to release the firing-member; a trigger associate-d with the scar to cause it to be retained in a normal iiring-rnember-holding position and operable to release the to the action f of the said spring-means; and a manually-oper-