US2187763A - Pressing apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 23, 1940.

J. D. ULLGREN PRESSING APPARATUS Filed Dec. 14, 1936 Inven/or: Johan Daniel 0/ (ynen fife-racy.

Patented Jan. 23, 1940 Johan nan-m1 tm ren, rstock sjundi swede 2 Claims. (015100-41 U The -present invention relates to an improvement impressing apparatus of the type which are provided with a press roller :rotatably journalled in fixed bearings, said roller being surrounded by a ring .or drum which is placed eccentrically with relation to the press roller, and the inner diameterof which is larger than the outerudi'ameter of the roller, so that :a pressing placeor reg-ion, is 'formedbetween zthe zpress roller and the ring or drum at that :point where-thedistance be tween the roller andthering .or drum is smallest. .111 old pressing apparatus of this type it has provedto be .difiicult to. produce :the high pressures required for pressing certain materials, =bel cause the supporting roll-s which are-usually employed for. supporting the ring or drum, will only stand a certain limited pressure before the stresses on the material become too high and the surfaces .of said rrolls become so-much worn that they are deformed. Attempts have been made to avoid :this difficulty by using a plurality of supporting rolls, but the constructions thus arrived at have .not come to practical use because they have been too expensive and unreliable in oper- ,ation.

The invention has for its purpose to avoid these difficulties and consists principally in the r-ing or drum being carried "by a chain. -.or chains, or the like, which runs around {the ring or and overla carrying sheave which "is rotatab1y flournalled on the side of the roller opposite to'the pressing 1518406501 're'gion'between the roller and the :ringordrum." r

This arrangement gives the advantage of pro vidingso large carrying surfaces that no overstrain on the material need be feared, vsinceth pressure on the material being treated limited only by the pressure permissible on the bearings of the press roller and of the carrying sheave. Means for producing the pressure on-the material being treated may suitably be interposed between the bearing of the press roller, on the one hand, and the bearing of the earring sheave on the other, and may suitably consist of a hydraulic press, i. e., a cylinder with a piston, which is combined with a loaded safety valve for limiting the pressure of the liquid in said press. This entails the advantage that the pressure may be maintained practically constant, and that no damage is caused if too large a quantity of material to be treated, or hard objects such as pieces of iron or the like, happen to. be fed into the pressing apparatus.

The accompanying drawing illustrates by way of example a constructional form of the inven-' outer diameter of the roller Said ring carried by a strong link chain :5 runs tion. Fi-e.lhows1aside QIevat DmraIt yin sec tiomo asp e siue appa tus a cordin ito them.-

vention. Fig. .2 is a vertical vseptic throu h th apparatus. Fig. .3 shows :a'to-p "plan viewjpartly in section, pf the, pressing apparatlls. the.

plate and the hydraulic press being removed. Fig. 4 shows a top plan view 'ofxthe hydraulic 31 11655 and associated parts. ,5 {shows-a detail of a device for controlling the load on the safety yalye,

T e m ss n xanp a u il ustrated in thezdrawine, w ich-is p ma ly in e ded .for p ess ng out liquid from liquid-containin mat rials. such. as heat. bark. wood pulp, cellulos and t e like, com prises a strong frame I in Mhichthe press, roller 2 is .rotatablyjournalledin fixed-bearings} 111$ p e s roller 2 issurroundcd y a rin o drum the inner \diameter' nq which is ar r than t e around the-ring 4 and over a car y n s eave J5 iournalled above the .rin The rin .4 as well as the sheave .6 are pro ided with grooves F! an 18.,

respectively, for guidin :the chain -5. :Placed on I the top plate 32 of the frame ;I is a hydraulic cylinder 9 in whicha piston 10 issllclablewhich carries theibearings 33 of the sheave t, sothat by pump n 01 or other-suitable l quid :into said cylinder '9, the sheave .6 iandrthus also theiring 4 may be raised relatively to the. press srollerfl.

For thisp rpose an ol-l :pump :l l provided which is driven -in'-a -ma nne r described he and which draws oil -fro gn an.oil tank 34 hrough pi 35 and pumps the oi through pipe, 36 .=in.t.9

the cy inder 9- .In o de "t :preventth pressure in the cylinder .9 from rising above .a certainupper limit, a pipe '31 connects the cylinder :to a safety valve 1:6,. connected through an..oil.;re-

slow,

turn pipe 38 to the tank .84. :In the instance -il' .lustratedesaid. yallve as is loaded-by weights. in

and t8. so that the '=.va-1v.e open automatically andletsout oil from the'cylinder, if the pressure in the-latter rises above a certain value which is determined by the weights loading the valve.

Someof these weights, namely'the Weights I8 are carried by a bolt l 9, as shown in Fig. 5, which bolt passes through apertures in the other weights IT. 'A lever 20 pivoted to the frame at 2|, bears against the ring 4 and its free end is, positioned below the weights I8. Saidlever 2D serves'to raise these weights l8, and thus to reduce the load on the safety valve, before the ring 4, when moving upwards under the action of the piston I'D, comes in engagement with the press rollerZ, so that upon such direct contact occurring between said movement by an eccentric, disk 26 on a shaft..2' i journalled in fixed bearings 39 secured tothe frame I. A link 40 connects the rod 25 to the actuating lever 4| of the oil pump ll, whereby said pump is operated by the reciprocating movement of said rod 25. The shaft 21 may be driven by any suitable means, such as a motor," not illustrated in the drawing. Rotatably mounted in bearings 42 on the frame is a supporting roll 30 against which the ring 4 bears, and which serves to guide the ring4 and to 'prevent it from moving to the right in Fig. 1.

-Inthe apparatus illustrated, which is intended for pressing out liquid from liquid-containing materials, as previously stated, the circumferential surface of thepress roller "2 as well as the inner surfa'oe'of the ring 4 are provided with comparatively shallow herring-bone-shaped slots or grooves 3i whichserve to facilitate the flowing oif'of the liquid pressed out. The herringbone orangular shape of the grooves or slots also providethe advantage thatthefgrooves do'not come into the high pressure region at the pressing place with their full length at once, but with one end before the other. The press roller 2 performs a step by step rotation inthe clockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 1, so that the points of the angular grooves come first to' the pressing place. The pressure'isthen gradually increased along the grooves, sothat the liquid can flow off more freely. The flow of the liquid is also facilitated by the above-mentioned intermittent rotation of'the press roller.

The material to be pressed is fed, for instance through a. chute 43,-into the space betweenthe ring '4 and the rolleri'to the right of the latter, as viewed in Fig.--1, and is subjected at the pressing placeito'powerful pressure between the said 'members, so that the liquidis fo'rrned'out of the material. The ring 4 is entrained in the step by step rotation of "the roller by the material' fed between the roller and the ring; The compressed material may be removed from the ring by any means suitable for the purpose, such as a scraper 44, Fig. l. As shown in Fig. l', the entrance angle to the pressing pl'aceis comparatively small, so that the material tobe' pressed will be securely brought along and subject to a gradually increased presthe ring are protected against damage.

' The constructional form above described and illustrated in the drawing is only to be regarded as an example. The term right, left, upper, lower, etc., are used in a relative sense to simplify the'description of the said constructional form. It will be understood that the machine may 7 be modified in several respects as regards its details without departing from the principle of the invention.

:lclaimz- 1. At pressing apparatus comprising apress roller,a rotable shaft to which'said roller is fixed, stationary bearings in which said shaft is mounted, a ring havinga peripheral-groove and having an inner diameter larger than the outside diam eterof said press roller, said ring surrounding said roller and being located ec'centrically relative; to the same to form a pressing area between said press roller and said ring, a sheave located on'the opposite side of said roller to such pressing area, a chain running over said sheave and around said ring, in said peripheral groove, a movable bearing for" said: sheave, a hydraulic pressinterposed between said bearing of said .press roller and said 'mo'vable bearing for said sheaveto support said latter bearing, a' loaded safety valve associated with said hydraulic press to limit ,the pressure of liquid therein, and a member movable with said ring. toward and away from said bearing-to vary the adjustment of said safety valve to maintain the load within safe 2. A pressing apparatus comprising side frames, a shaftmounted in fixed bearings therein, a

press; roller secured to:;said 'shaft,.'positive means for rotating said shaft; a ring surrounding said press roller; normally'out of contact therewith, between said side" frames, 9. sheave yieldably m ounted'onsaid frames; a chain extending over said sheave and under said ring to rotatably sup,- port the latter, means normallytending to raise said sheave to reduce the clearance between the adjacent pressing surfaces of said roller and said i ring, and a releasing device acting on said means and actuated by a predetermined upward movementof said ring.

JOHAN DANI'EL' ULLGREN:

Images