US2181811A - Coated laminated structural material - Google Patents
Coated laminated structural material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2181811A US2181811A US143542A US14354237A US2181811A US 2181811 A US2181811 A US 2181811A US 143542 A US143542 A US 143542A US 14354237 A US14354237 A US 14354237A US 2181811 A US2181811 A US 2181811A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- cellulose
- soap
- sodium silicate
- per cent
- oil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title description 16
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 55
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 37
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 37
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 31
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 24
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 23
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 19
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 241000978776 Senegalia senegal Species 0.000 description 15
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 description 15
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- FYGDTMLNYKFZSV-MRCIVHHJSA-N dextrin Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)OC1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O FYGDTMLNYKFZSV-MRCIVHHJSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002939 oilproofing Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000490494 Arabis Species 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001070941 Castanea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014036 Castanea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008041 alkali metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011093 chipboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002648 laminated material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940049964 oleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
- D21H27/30—Multi-ply
- D21H27/32—Multi-ply with materials applied between the sheets
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
- Y10T428/1303—Paper containing [e.g., paperboard, cardboard, fiberboard, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31844—Of natural gum, rosin, natural oil or lac
- Y10T428/31848—Next to cellulosic
Definitions
- This invention relates to laminated materials, and it is among the objects of the invention to provide a material which although including sheeted cellulose is capable of withstanding considerable mechanical stress, and also affording a barrier to moisture and oil. Other objects and advantages will appear as the description proceeds.
- the invention comprises the features hereinafter fully described, and particularly pointed out in the claims, the following description and the annexed drawing setting forth in detail certain illustrative embodiments of the invention, these being indicative however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principle of the invention may be employed.
- the sole figure is a broken perspective, partly in section, illustrating an embodiment of the invention.
- the cellulose may be of character as desired in any given instance, available cheap grades of stock such as chip board, chestnut board, being adaptable for inexpensive products, and stocks such as kraft, or higher grades of stock, such as rag stock, etc., also are applicable, and one or more layers of the cellulose may be concerned, 15 associated with the water glass layer as more particularly detailed hereinafter.
- a layer or more designated 2 in the drawing may have a surface layer 8 of oil-resistant character and amorphous as contrasted with the fibre cellulose, this involving the modified sodium silicate therein referred to, which has aTHi'ghsurface-amnity for the cellulose, conforming accurately thereto, as applied in liquid condition, such as to eliminate occlusion of minute bubbles.
- amorphous oil-proofing layer material I incorporate with sodium silicate of quite high gravity, for instance o specific gravity, gum arabic and glycerol, and a soap.
- concentration of the glycerol may'fir'ir somewhat, but if its concentration is less than 1.26 for instance water is to such extent being introduced and its total amount should not exceed certain general limits. Since water is necessary to dis- 40 solve the gum arabic, commercial sodium silicate having gravity of 1.42 to 1.45 is used, the amount of water which can be brought in with the glycerine is correspondingly less. Glycerine of not less than 1.26 gravity is desirable.
- I include preferably liquid soap in small amount, as tassium oleate. or a soflium soap of oleic and other fatty acids yielding a liq'fild soap, and the amount of liquid soap employed may be 0.1 to 0.3 per cent.
- I also include a colloidal metallic soap such as I06. composmnws,
- COATING UR PLASTIC ear h metal or aluminum Such metal soap may be introduced into the mixture in very finely divided powder form, and be well mixed with the sodium silicate and glycerol.
- the gum arabic instead of being incorporated directly as such, may be first made up with water to a suitable solution concentration, conveniently for instance 45 per cent, and appropriate amounts thereof may be mixed into the sodium silicate, glycerol, etc.
- an equivalent for a part or all of the glycerol is such a substitute as ethylene glycol.
- I may employ per cent by weight of sodium silicate with SiO22Na2O ratio 3.25:1, and 21.4 per cent by weig 0 g ycero of 1.2 specific gravity, these being mixed with 5.18 per cent by weight of a 45 per cent gum arabi solution, and 0.13 per cent of liquid soap.
- Metallic soaps such as calcium stearate in amount of 1 per cent may be a e esired. In general such metallic soap may range from 0 to about 4 per cent.
- dextrine may be incorporated with the sodium silicate, glycerol, etc, and amounts thereof may be 0.35-1.5 per cent where employed.
- the material applied to the cellulose, after being dried forms a surface layer of amorphous, firm, adherent character.
- Drying may be carried on at atmospheric temperature, or at elevated temperature preferably, as for instance to F. Not only may an oil-resistant surface be thus provided, but where laying together plies of cellulose the modified sodium silicate material may be employed as the adhesive therebetween.
- the oil-resistant material may be employed as the adhesive for all of the plies of the tubing, wound spirally or convolutely, and as a lap glue on an inner ply.
- Inner and outer surfaces of the tubular container may be supplied with the oil proof layer as exposed surface, or the inside may be so treated alone, leaving the outside to receive any other desired finishing layer.
- the ends of such tubular containers can be closed by sheet metal heads crimped into place on the cellulose, the amorphous layer particularly favoring a tight closure therewith. Or, especially for uses in units of not large size, I may close the ends of the tubular units with headers of laminated cellulose and amorphous oil proofing material as described.
- a particularly effective sealing of the heads (cellulosic or metallic) of the packages may be had em ploying the liquid material above-described or preferably of a thicker glue-like consistency, as by containing a quite high percentage of gum arabic to advantage, not however exceeding the total of 6 per cent, or especially by containing the metallic soap as a thickening and toughening component.
- a slower setting material especially desirable for ends may be typically as follows: 86.4 per cent by weight of o di im s ili c ate of 2: 1 IatLSiQgLN820), 8.15 per cent by weight of glycerol, 3.47 pe'r cent by weight of a 45 per cmfum arabic solution, 0.13 per cent of liquid soap. Calcium stearate, finely powdered, irram'ount of about 1.92 per cent may be also incorporated.
- a laminated structure comprising plural fibrous layers of sheet cellulose, and conforming accurately to the cellulose and having substantially the same rate of expansion and contraction, an oil-proof amorphoussurface layer of sodium silicate whose SiO2:Na2O ratio is such as resultant from five to forty per cent of a 2:1 sodium silicate, and seventy to thirty-five per cent of a 3.25:1 sodium silicate, and smaller amounts of gum arabic, glyceral and soap.
- a laminated structure comprising plural fibrous layers of sheet cellulose, and conforming accurately to the cellulose and having substantially the same rate of expansion and contraction, an oil-proof surface layer and inter-layers of sodium silicate whose SiOzzNazO ratio is such as resultant from five to forty per cent of a 2:1 sodium silicate, and seven to thirty-five per cent of a 3.25:1 sodium silicate, and smaller amounts of gum arabic, glycerol and soap.
- a laminated structure comprising plural fibrous layers of sheet cellulose, and conforming accurately to the cellulose and having substantially the same rate of expansion and contraction, an ofi-proof amorphous surface layer of sodium silicate and smaller amounts of gum arabic, glycerol, and soap including a liquid soap and a colloidal metallic soap.
- a laminated container structure comprising plural fibrous layers of sheet cellulose, and conforming accurately to the cellulose and having substantially the same rate of expansion and contraction, an oil-proof amorphous surface layer and interspersed layers of water glass with minor amounts of glycerol, gum arabic and soap including liquid soap and a colloidal metallic soap.
- a container structure comprising a fibrous layer of sheet cellulose, and conforming accurately to the cellulose and having substantially the same rate of expansion and contraction, an oil-proof amorphous surface layer of sodium silicate softened by smaller amounts of glycerol, gum arabic, and a fractional percent of a liquid soap.
- a laminated structure comprising plural fibrous layers of sheeted cellulose, and conforming accurately to the cellulose and having substantially the same rate of expansion and contraction,
- a laminated container structure comprising plural fibrous layers of sheeted cellulose, and conforming accurately to the cellulose and having substantially the same rate of expansion and contraction, an oil-proof amorphous surface layer consisting of water glass, an alkali metal carbonate, gum arabic, dextrine, glycerol and soap.
- a container structure comprising a fibrous layer of sheeted cellulose, and conforming accurately to the cellulose and having substantially the same rate of expansion and contraction, an oil-proof amorphous surface layer of sodium silicate softened by smaller amounts of gum arable. glycerol, dextrine and a fractional per cent of 9.
Description
106. cowosmows, Examiner comma 0R PLASTIC 5S Referenke Nov. 28, 1939. E, c, H HE 2,181,811
COATED LAMINATED STRUCTURAL MATERIAL Filed May 19, 1937 IN VENTOR.
ATTORNEYS,
Jot m Patented Nov. 28, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE COATED LALI'INATED STRUCTURAL MATERIAL Everett C. Hughes, Cleveland, Ohio, assignor to The Standard Oil Company, Cleveland, Ohio, a
corporation of Ohio Application May 19,
11 Claims.
This invention relates to laminated materials, and it is among the objects of the invention to provide a material which although including sheeted cellulose is capable of withstanding considerable mechanical stress, and also affording a barrier to moisture and oil. Other objects and advantages will appear as the description proceeds.
To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the invention, then, comprises the features hereinafter fully described, and particularly pointed out in the claims, the following description and the annexed drawing setting forth in detail certain illustrative embodiments of the invention, these being indicative however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principle of the invention may be employed.
In said annexed drawing:
The sole figure is a broken perspective, partly in section, illustrating an embodiment of the invention.
Many efforts have been made to produce a laminated cellulose structure capable of containing oils. The problem has offered difficulties not apparent at first, and many unexpected conditions have been encountered by materials along this line which have been undertaken. Structures dependent upon coated cellulose sheets in which a heat-treated lacquer or enamel material has been supplied on the cellulose material for instance, are too expensive, and are not in all cases dependable for application in containers for liquids such as petroleum oils and greases. Efiorts employing glue as a component or employing water glass have developed an unexpected tendency to allow seepage of oil through, notwithstanding an initially apparently efiective coating upon the cellulose. I have found where a water-borne agent such as water glass is employed, there is an uneven expansion of the cellulose to which the water glass is applied, the fibrous structure tending to expand difierentially with respect to the lay of the fibre, and again in the drying out there is a differential contraction, all tending to defeat maintenance of an unbroken coating. On account of the extremely high capillary action of petroleum oil, the merest fissure in such a coated surface makes possible a progressive and ultimate seepage of the oil into the cellulose body, thus defeating the attainment of the desired end. Again, I have found that in the application of liquid coatings as employed with the object of obtaining an oil-proof cellulose structure, there is a generally unnoticed tendency for minute air bubbles to be entrapped 1937, Serial No. 143,542
(or 91-68) /J I in the coating surface, and these bubbles eventuate into minute penetrating pin holes which allow progressive and ultimate oil seepage. I have found however, that materials may be combined, having surface-afiinity not heretofore had, such 5 as to attain a structure whose layers are protected against infiltration of oil, irrespective of conditions encountered in storage.
The cellulose may be of character as desired in any given instance, available cheap grades of stock such as chip board, chestnut board, being adaptable for inexpensive products, and stocks such as kraft, or higher grades of stock, such as rag stock, etc., also are applicable, and one or more layers of the cellulose may be concerned, 15 associated with the water glass layer as more particularly detailed hereinafter. Thus, a layer or more designated 2 in the drawing may have a surface layer 8 of oil-resistant character and amorphous as contrasted with the fibre cellulose, this involving the modified sodium silicate therein referred to, which has aTHi'ghsurface-amnity for the cellulose, conforming accurately thereto, as applied in liquid condition, such as to eliminate occlusion of minute bubbles. After the structure is initially dried out, uneven stresses are absent, and the colloidal layer maintains its union with the fibres, without fissures, and elasticity persists such as to inhibit fissure-development which would otherwise be inherent with water glass through agents.
For the amorphous oil-proofing layer material, I incorporate with sodium silicate of quite high gravity, for instance o specific gravity, gum arabic and glycerol, and a soap. The concentration of the glycerol may'fir'ir somewhat, but if its concentration is less than 1.26 for instance water is to such extent being introduced and its total amount should not exceed certain general limits. Since water is necessary to dis- 40 solve the gum arabic, commercial sodium silicate having gravity of 1.42 to 1.45 is used, the amount of water which can be brought in with the glycerine is correspondingly less. Glycerine of not less than 1.26 gravity is desirable. Thus, with sodium silicate in the amount of 65-88 per cent, there may be incorporated 8-33 per cent of glycerol, and up to 6 per cent gum arabic. For the soap, I include preferably liquid soap in small amount, as tassium oleate. or a soflium soap of oleic and other fatty acids yielding a liq'fild soap, and the amount of liquid soap employed may be 0.1 to 0.3 per cent. Optionally, and with particular advantage in some instances, I also include a colloidal metallic soap such as I06. composmnws,
COATING UR PLASTIC ear h metal or aluminum. Such metal soap may be introduced into the mixture in very finely divided powder form, and be well mixed with the sodium silicate and glycerol. With particular advantage, the gum arabic instead of being incorporated directly as such, may be first made up with water to a suitable solution concentration, conveniently for instance 45 per cent, and appropriate amounts thereof may be mixed into the sodium silicate, glycerol, etc. In some instances, an equivalent for a part or all of the glycerol is such a substitute as ethylene glycol. For instance, I may employ per cent by weight of sodium silicate with SiO22Na2O ratio 3.25:1, and 21.4 per cent by weig 0 g ycero of 1.2 specific gravity, these being mixed with 5.18 per cent by weight of a 45 per cent gum arabi solution, and 0.13 per cent of liquid soap. Metallic soaps such as calcium stearate in amount of 1 per cent may be a e esired. In general such metallic soap may range from 0 to about 4 per cent. Optionally, dextrine may be incorporated with the sodium silicate, glycerol, etc, and amounts thereof may be 0.35-1.5 per cent where employed. The material applied to the cellulose, after being dried forms a surface layer of amorphous, firm, adherent character. Drying may be carried on at atmospheric temperature, or at elevated temperature preferably, as for instance to F. Not only may an oil-resistant surface be thus provided, but where laying together plies of cellulose the modified sodium silicate material may be employed as the adhesive therebetween. By laying the cellulose layers in the form of a hollow container or a tube which may be cut up into container lengths, and supplying the inner surface of the oil-resistant material as noted, convenient forms of structure for applicable usage may be had. Advantageously thus, the oil-resistant material may be employed as the adhesive for all of the plies of the tubing, wound spirally or convolutely, and as a lap glue on an inner ply. Inner and outer surfaces of the tubular container may be supplied with the oil proof layer as exposed surface, or the inside may be so treated alone, leaving the outside to receive any other desired finishing layer. The ends of such tubular containers can be closed by sheet metal heads crimped into place on the cellulose, the amorphous layer particularly favoring a tight closure therewith. Or, especially for uses in units of not large size, I may close the ends of the tubular units with headers of laminated cellulose and amorphous oil proofing material as described. A particularly effective sealing of the heads (cellulosic or metallic) of the packages may be had em ploying the liquid material above-described or preferably of a thicker glue-like consistency, as by containing a quite high percentage of gum arabic to advantage, not however exceeding the total of 6 per cent, or especially by containing the metallic soap as a thickening and toughening component.
Instead of employing the 3.25:1 ratio sodium silicate as above-instanced, a slower setting material especially desirable for ends may be typically as follows: 86.4 per cent by weight of o di im s ili c ate of 2: 1 IatLSiQgLN820), 8.15 per cent by weight of glycerol, 3.47 pe'r cent by weight of a 45 per cmfum arabic solution, 0.13 per cent of liquid soap. Calcium stearate, finely powdered, irram'ount of about 1.92 per cent may be also incorporated.
I have found that it is of particular advantage stearate or palmitate of calcium or similar alkalin to employ sodium silicate having an SiOaINBaO ratio of specially controlled charactems s a surprisingly important bearing on the ultimate durability of the oil proof layer in usage in contact with oils and greases. I control the ratio between the limits preferably of 2.58 to 3.16 to 1. As a matter of convenience, this may e accomplished by suitable compounding of standard 2:1 sodium silicate and 3.25:1 sodium silicate stocks. Thus, 0 40 parts by weight 0 the 231mm silicate may be mixed with 70-35 parts by weight of the 3.25:1 silicate stock. With such adjusted SiOzINazO ratio sodium silicate, the glycerol, gum arabic and alkali metal soap and other metallic soap may be incorporated, as above-described, and the material be associated with the cellulose.
This application is a continuation, in part and as to common subject matter, of my application Ser. No. 10,685, filed March 12, 1935.
Other modes of applying the principle of the invention may be employed, change being made as regards the details described, provided the features stated in any of the following claims, or the equivalent of such, be employed.
1 therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as my invention:
1. A laminated structure, comprising plural fibrous layers of sheet cellulose, and conforming accurately to the cellulose and having substantially the same rate of expansion and contraction, an oil-proof amorphoussurface layer of sodium silicate whose SiO2:Na2O ratio is such as resultant from five to forty per cent of a 2:1 sodium silicate, and seventy to thirty-five per cent of a 3.25:1 sodium silicate, and smaller amounts of gum arabic, glyceral and soap.
2. A laminated structure, comprising plural fibrous layers of sheet cellulose, and conforming accurately to the cellulose and having substantially the same rate of expansion and contraction, an oil-proof surface layer and inter-layers of sodium silicate whose SiOzzNazO ratio is such as resultant from five to forty per cent of a 2:1 sodium silicate, and seven to thirty-five per cent of a 3.25:1 sodium silicate, and smaller amounts of gum arabic, glycerol and soap.
3. A laminated structure, comprising plural fibrous layers of sheet cellulose, and conforming accurately to the cellulose and having substantially the same rate of expansion and contraction, an ofi-proof amorphous surface layer of sodium silicate and smaller amounts of gum arabic, glycerol, and soap including a liquid soap and a colloidal metallic soap.
4. A laminated container structure, comprising plural fibrous layers of sheet cellulose, and conforming accurately to the cellulose and having substantially the same rate of expansion and contraction, an oil-proof amorphous surface layer and interspersed layers of water glass with minor amounts of glycerol, gum arabic and soap including liquid soap and a colloidal metallic soap.
5. A container structure, comprising a fibrous layer of sheet cellulose, and conforming accurately to the cellulose and having substantially the same rate of expansion and contraction, an oil-proof amorphous surface layer of sodium silicate softened by smaller amounts of glycerol, gum arabic, and a fractional percent of a liquid soap.
6. A laminated structure, comprising plural fibrous layers of sheeted cellulose, and conforming accurately to the cellulose and having substantially the same rate of expansion and contraction,
Examine:
an oil-proof amorphous surface layer of sodium silicate, and smaller amounts of gum arabic, dextrine, glycerol and soap.
7. A laminated container structure, comprising plural fibrous layers of sheeted cellulose, and conforming accurately to the cellulose and having substantially the same rate of expansion and contraction, an oil-proof amorphous surface layer consisting of water glass, an alkali metal carbonate, gum arabic, dextrine, glycerol and soap.
8. A container structure, comprising a fibrous layer of sheeted cellulose, and conforming accurately to the cellulose and having substantially the same rate of expansion and contraction, an oil-proof amorphous surface layer of sodium silicate softened by smaller amounts of gum arable. glycerol, dextrine and a fractional per cent of 9. In a laminated structure, a layer of cellulose and an oil-resistant layer thereon of controlled SiOziNarO ratio between the limits of 2.58 and 3.16 to 1 and modified by gum arable, glycerol and a small amount of a soap.
10. Sheet cellulose with adherent sodium silicate containing gum arabic and not over 0.3 per cent of a soap of an alkali metal and 1-4 per cent of a fatty acid colloidal soap of a metal from the class consisting of alkalin earth metals and aluminum.
11. Sheet cellulose with adherent sodium silicate containing gum arabic and a small amount of a soap of an alkali metal and a larger amount of a fatty acid soap of a metal from the class consisting of alkalin earth metals and aluminum.
EVERETT C. HUGHES.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US143542A US2181811A (en) | 1937-05-19 | 1937-05-19 | Coated laminated structural material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US143542A US2181811A (en) | 1937-05-19 | 1937-05-19 | Coated laminated structural material |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2181811A true US2181811A (en) | 1939-11-28 |
Family
ID=22504519
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US143542A Expired - Lifetime US2181811A (en) | 1937-05-19 | 1937-05-19 | Coated laminated structural material |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2181811A (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2416734A (en) * | 1943-06-10 | 1947-03-04 | Rapinwax Paper Company | Greaseproof paper |
US2827384A (en) * | 1954-07-01 | 1958-03-18 | Philadelphia Quartz Co | Waterproof coatings and adhesives |
US2842448A (en) * | 1953-05-13 | 1958-07-08 | Diamond Alkali Co | Sodium silicate adhesive |
US3390723A (en) * | 1965-06-16 | 1968-07-02 | Halliburton Co | Method of preparing and using a plugging or diverting agent |
-
1937
- 1937-05-19 US US143542A patent/US2181811A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2416734A (en) * | 1943-06-10 | 1947-03-04 | Rapinwax Paper Company | Greaseproof paper |
US2842448A (en) * | 1953-05-13 | 1958-07-08 | Diamond Alkali Co | Sodium silicate adhesive |
US2827384A (en) * | 1954-07-01 | 1958-03-18 | Philadelphia Quartz Co | Waterproof coatings and adhesives |
US3390723A (en) * | 1965-06-16 | 1968-07-02 | Halliburton Co | Method of preparing and using a plugging or diverting agent |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US3676247A (en) | Corrugating paperboard | |
US1592824A (en) | Waterproofing corrugated board | |
US2184320A (en) | Treatment of glass fibers | |
US3033708A (en) | Process of impregnating an assembled corrugated container board | |
AU4377401A (en) | Paper coating composition comprising a blend of modified high amylose starch and polyvinyl alcohol | |
US2181811A (en) | Coated laminated structural material | |
US2286924A (en) | Manufacture of sheet material | |
US3799837A (en) | Fluting and corrugated cardboard containing such fluting | |
US1972500A (en) | Insulating material | |
US2567559A (en) | Asbestos sheet material and method of manufacture | |
US2263201A (en) | Heat insulating means and method of making the same | |
US2314242A (en) | Preparation of emulsions for waterproofing and fireproofing purposes | |
US3619341A (en) | Corrugated fiberboard | |
US2162764A (en) | Container | |
US3649432A (en) | Corrugated board constructions | |
US2119480A (en) | Covering material and process of treating same | |
US3247040A (en) | Corrugated paperboard | |
US2196085A (en) | Tubular paper manufacture | |
US2637665A (en) | Impregnated paper and method of making same | |
EP0245283A1 (en) | Paper products processed with sodium silicate material | |
US2263200A (en) | Backing sheet for building insulating materials | |
US3212960A (en) | Asbestos-glass fiber saturating paper containing thermoplastic resin and aluminum acid phosphate | |
US2213253A (en) | Tubular construction | |
US3682762A (en) | Rigid-when-wet boxboard | |
US2414360A (en) | Manufacture of water-resistant laminated articles |