US2177343A - Process of removing sulphur from mineral oil distillates - Google Patents
Process of removing sulphur from mineral oil distillates Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2177343A US2177343A US154397A US15439737A US2177343A US 2177343 A US2177343 A US 2177343A US 154397 A US154397 A US 154397A US 15439737 A US15439737 A US 15439737A US 2177343 A US2177343 A US 2177343A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- carbonate
- sulphur
- distillate
- mineral oil
- oil distillates
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 19
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 title description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 title description 7
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 title description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910021646 siderite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- MFEVGQHCNVXMER-UHFFFAOYSA-L 1,3,2$l^{2}-dioxaplumbetan-4-one Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-]C([O-])=O MFEVGQHCNVXMER-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical class S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004277 Ferrous carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000003 Lead carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000004 White lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc carbonate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910021502 aluminium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052599 brucite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000011 cadmium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKDXQAKPHKQZSC-UHFFFAOYSA-L cadmium(2+);carbonate Chemical compound [Cd+2].[O-]C([O-])=O GKDXQAKPHKQZSC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- XHFVDZNDZCNTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-H chromium(3+);tricarbonate Chemical compound [Cr+3].[Cr+3].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O XHFVDZNDZCNTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910021446 cobalt carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOTKGJBKKKVBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+);carbonate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZOTKGJBKKKVBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JJLJMEJHUUYSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[OH-].[Cu+2] JJLJMEJHUUYSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- AEJIMXVJZFYIHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Cu] AEJIMXVJZFYIHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RAQDACVRFCEPDA-UHFFFAOYSA-L ferrous carbonate Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]C([O-])=O RAQDACVRFCEPDA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019268 ferrous carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960004652 ferrous carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910001679 gibbsite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000015 iron(II) carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYZCLUQMCYZBJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-H lead(2+);dicarbonate;dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Pb+2].[Pb+2].[Pb+2].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O RYZCLUQMCYZBJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 magnesite Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011656 manganese carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006748 manganese carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940093474 manganese carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000016 manganese(II) carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XMWCXZJXESXBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(ii) carbonate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O XMWCXZJXESXBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000008 nickel(II) carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZULUUIKRFGGGTL-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) carbonate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZULUUIKRFGGGTL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011667 zinc carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000004416 zinc carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000010 zinc carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G29/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with other chemicals
- C10G29/06—Metal salts, or metal salts deposited on a carrier
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G19/00—Refining hydrocarbon oils in the absence of hydrogen, by alkaline treatment
Definitions
- This invention relates to the treatment of mineral oil distillates, and more particularly for removal of sulphur; and it is among the objects of the invention to provide a process which is easy of application, and capable of operation with reagent materials readily available and of low cost, and capable of yielding products of highly satisfactory character. Other objects and advantages will appear as the description proceeds.
- the mineral oil distillate to be treated is, in accordance with the invention, subjected to the action of a nascent metal oxide or hydroxide and carbon dioxide.
- a carbonate decomposable in the treating temperature range is a convenient means of providing such metal-compound and carbon dioxide, and the temperature ranges below such as would occasion undesired cracking of the distillate, ordinarily in practice not generally exceeding about 875 F., while the lower limit will be determined by the decomposition activity of the particular carbonate applied, and generally will not be lower than about 300 F.
- Such carbonates as magnesium carbonate, dolomite and the like are of particular advantage.
- carbonates which can be employed are for instance also manganese carbonate, chromium carbonate, cobalt carbonate, ferrous carbonate, nickel carbonate, zinc carbonate, cadmium carbonate, cuprous carbonate, lead carbonate, basic lead carbonate, sodium acid carbonate, etc.
- Natural ores or compounds such as magnesite, siderite, cerusite, hydromagnesite, brucite, or other easily decomposed hydroxides, as MI1(HO)2, Pb(OI-I)2, Al(OH)3, Cu(OH)2, Z11(OH)2, etc. may be employed, or artificially prepared compounds, the former having advantages of direct availability and low cost.
- the latter decomposes and nascent oxide or hydroxide is presented in contact with the distillate, and at the same time carbon dioxide, or steam in the case of hydroxides, is produced, furthering the breaking-down of particles and increasing the intimacy of contact and agitation.
- Suflicient pressure may be employed to keep the petroleum distillate in liquid phase during the treatment, as necessary, or the carbonate may be contacted with the vapors, preferably countercurrently. Agitation may be supplied in either case, as desired.
- the great activity of desulphurizing action in this manner, as contrasted with the action by a metal oxide, is well illustrated for instance in the case of MgO. Treating a crackingcoil distillate thus with MgO reduced the total sulphur and mercaptans by only 0.001 per cent.
- the total sulphur was reduced by 0.038.
- siderite at such temperature reduced the total sulphur by 0.024 per 40 cent and rendered the distillate sweet.
- a raw distillate having total sulphur 0.069 and mercaptan sulphur 0.015 was contacted with magnesite for sixty minutes at a temperature of 600 F. and pressure 300 pounds 45 per square inch.
- the product contained 0.031 total sulphur and no mercaptan sulphur.
- a distillate having total sulphur 0.069 was treated with siderite for sixty minutes at a temperature of 425 F., and 1'70 pounds pressure per square inch. The product was sweet, the sulphur being reduced to 0.045.
- a raw distillate having 0.049 total sulphur and 0.013 mercaptan sulphur was passed through a bed of magnesite, the contact time being about two minutes, the temperature being 600 F. and the pressure 80 pounds per square inch.
- the distillate was then subjected to a wash with a 15B. NaOH solution at atmospheric temperature.
- the product contained 0.028 total sulphur and no mercaptan sulphur.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Description
Patented Oct. 24, 1939 PATENT OFFICE PROCESS OF REMOVING SULPHUR FROM MINERAL OIL DISTILLATES Everett 0. Hughes, Cleveland, Ohio, assignor to The Standard Oil Company, Cleveland, Ohio, a
corporation of Ohio No Drawing. Application July 19, 1937, Serial No. 154,397
3 Claims.
This invention relates to the treatment of mineral oil distillates, and more particularly for removal of sulphur; and it is among the objects of the invention to provide a process which is easy of application, and capable of operation with reagent materials readily available and of low cost, and capable of yielding products of highly satisfactory character. Other objects and advantages will appear as the description proceeds.
To the. accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the invention, then, comprises the features hereinafter fully described, and particularly pointed out in the claims, the following description setting forth in detail certain illustrative embodiments of the invention, these being indicative however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principle of the invention may be employed.
The mineral oil distillate to be treated, is, in accordance with the invention, subjected to the action of a nascent metal oxide or hydroxide and carbon dioxide. A carbonate decomposable in the treating temperature range is a convenient means of providing such metal-compound and carbon dioxide, and the temperature ranges below such as would occasion undesired cracking of the distillate, ordinarily in practice not generally exceeding about 875 F., while the lower limit will be determined by the decomposition activity of the particular carbonate applied, and generally will not be lower than about 300 F. Such carbonates as magnesium carbonate, dolomite and the like are of particular advantage. Other carbonates which can be employed are for instance also manganese carbonate, chromium carbonate, cobalt carbonate, ferrous carbonate, nickel carbonate, zinc carbonate, cadmium carbonate, cuprous carbonate, lead carbonate, basic lead carbonate, sodium acid carbonate, etc. Natural ores or compounds, such as magnesite, siderite, cerusite, hydromagnesite, brucite, or other easily decomposed hydroxides, as MI1(HO)2, Pb(OI-I)2, Al(OH)3, Cu(OH)2, Z11(OH)2, etc. may be employed, or artificially prepared compounds, the former having advantages of direct availability and low cost. In using carbonates it is also of advantage to add steam, this is maintained at a temperature below cracking and yet sufficiently high to be within the decomposing temperature range of the carbonate. The time required depends upon the conditions and the efiiciency of contact in any given instance, 5 from a fraction of a minute to sixty minutes or more, up to two or three hours. In some cases I may subject the distillate to the action of a mass of the carbonate for a relatively short time, as for instance by flowing the distillate through the mass, 10 the time being for instance 0.1 to 10 minutes, and then the distillate may be washed with a fairly strong caustic alkali solution, such procedure involving a very short total time consumption and facilitating continuous-type operation as well. Operating at the active decomposing temperature range of the carbonate, the latter decomposes and nascent oxide or hydroxide is presented in contact with the distillate, and at the same time carbon dioxide, or steam in the case of hydroxides, is produced, furthering the breaking-down of particles and increasing the intimacy of contact and agitation.
Suflicient pressure may be employed to keep the petroleum distillate in liquid phase during the treatment, as necessary, or the carbonate may be contacted with the vapors, preferably countercurrently. Agitation may be supplied in either case, as desired. The great activity of desulphurizing action in this manner, as contrasted with the action by a metal oxide, is well illustrated for instance in the case of MgO. Treating a crackingcoil distillate thus with MgO reduced the total sulphur and mercaptans by only 0.001 per cent. On the other hand, by treating with a nascent oxide and carbon dioxide in similar temperature range, by decomposing magnesite, viz at a tem perature of 600 F., the total sulphur was reduced by 0.038. In similar manner, siderite at such temperature reduced the total sulphur by 0.024 per 40 cent and rendered the distillate sweet.
As an example: A raw distillate having total sulphur 0.069 and mercaptan sulphur 0.015, was contacted with magnesite for sixty minutes at a temperature of 600 F. and pressure 300 pounds 45 per square inch. The product contained 0.031 total sulphur and no mercaptan sulphur.
As another example: A distillate having total sulphur 0.069 was treated with siderite for sixty minutes at a temperature of 425 F., and 1'70 pounds pressure per square inch. The product was sweet, the sulphur being reduced to 0.045.
As another example: A raw distillate having 0.049 total sulphur and 0.013 mercaptan sulphur was passed through a bed of magnesite, the contact time being about two minutes, the temperature being 600 F. and the pressure 80 pounds per square inch. The distillate was then subjected to a wash with a 15B. NaOH solution at atmospheric temperature. The product contained 0.028 total sulphur and no mercaptan sulphur.
Other modes of applying the principle of the invention may be employed, change being made as regards the details described, provided the features stated in any of the following claims, or the equivalent of such, be employed.
I therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as my invention:
1. In a process of removing sulphur from mineral oil distillates, the step of contacting the distillate in liquid condition with magnesium oxide in nascent form at elevated temperature not below 300 F. nor sufficiently high to vaporize theliquid.
2. In a process of removing sulphur from mineral oil distillates, the step of contacting the distillate in the presence of steam with magnesium oxide in nascent form at elevated temperature not below 300 F. nor sufliciently high to vaporize the liquid. I
3. In a process of removing sulphur from mineral oil distillates, the steps of passing the distillate through a mass of magnesium oxide in nascent'form at elevated temperature not below 300 F. nor sufiiciently high to vaporize the liquid, and then contacting the liquid with a caustic alkali solution.
' EVERETT C. HUGHES.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US154397A US2177343A (en) | 1937-07-19 | 1937-07-19 | Process of removing sulphur from mineral oil distillates |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US154397A US2177343A (en) | 1937-07-19 | 1937-07-19 | Process of removing sulphur from mineral oil distillates |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2177343A true US2177343A (en) | 1939-10-24 |
Family
ID=22551200
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US154397A Expired - Lifetime US2177343A (en) | 1937-07-19 | 1937-07-19 | Process of removing sulphur from mineral oil distillates |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2177343A (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3320157A (en) * | 1964-11-16 | 1967-05-16 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Desulfurization of residual crudes |
| US3320156A (en) * | 1964-11-16 | 1967-05-16 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Desulfurization of residual crudes |
| DE1258004B (en) * | 1959-12-08 | 1968-01-04 | Shell Int Research | Process for the catalytic desulfurization of hydrocarbon oils |
| DE1273734B (en) * | 1960-03-09 | 1968-07-25 | Shell Int Research | Process for the catalytic desulfurization of hydrocarbon oils |
| US4225417A (en) * | 1979-02-05 | 1980-09-30 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Catalytic reforming process with sulfur removal |
| US4806232A (en) * | 1984-10-09 | 1989-02-21 | Environment Protection Engineers Inc. | Method for the desulphurization of sulphur-containing fuels and fuel desulphurized by said method |
| US5091593A (en) * | 1989-05-26 | 1992-02-25 | Atochem North America, Inc. | Process for removing sulfur from organic sulfides |
| WO2012021358A2 (en) | 2010-08-09 | 2012-02-16 | H R D Corporation | Crude oil desulfurization |
-
1937
- 1937-07-19 US US154397A patent/US2177343A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1258004B (en) * | 1959-12-08 | 1968-01-04 | Shell Int Research | Process for the catalytic desulfurization of hydrocarbon oils |
| DE1273734B (en) * | 1960-03-09 | 1968-07-25 | Shell Int Research | Process for the catalytic desulfurization of hydrocarbon oils |
| US3320157A (en) * | 1964-11-16 | 1967-05-16 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Desulfurization of residual crudes |
| US3320156A (en) * | 1964-11-16 | 1967-05-16 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Desulfurization of residual crudes |
| US4225417A (en) * | 1979-02-05 | 1980-09-30 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Catalytic reforming process with sulfur removal |
| US4806232A (en) * | 1984-10-09 | 1989-02-21 | Environment Protection Engineers Inc. | Method for the desulphurization of sulphur-containing fuels and fuel desulphurized by said method |
| US5091593A (en) * | 1989-05-26 | 1992-02-25 | Atochem North America, Inc. | Process for removing sulfur from organic sulfides |
| WO2012021358A2 (en) | 2010-08-09 | 2012-02-16 | H R D Corporation | Crude oil desulfurization |
| US8845885B2 (en) | 2010-08-09 | 2014-09-30 | H R D Corporation | Crude oil desulfurization |
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