US2175166A - Truck structure - Google Patents

Description

oct. 1o, 1939. n. B. -rTRELI. y 2,115,166.

TRUCK STRUCTURE med Nov. 4, 1937 amiens-sheet 1 gg/fm .gag y Oct. l0, 1939.

R. B. CCJTTRELVL muck STRUCTURE Filed Nov. 4, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Oct. 10, 1939 Taucx STRUCTURE Robert n. com-eu. chime, n1., signor to Amer. ican Steel Foundries, Chicago, Ill., a corporation of New Jersey application November 4, 1931, serial No. 172,669 as claim (c1. 10s-197.2)

My invention relates to railway trucks and more particularly to the type generally known as a four wheel railway truck wherein sidelramesV of the truss type are commonly used.

In the four wheel railway truck as commonly constructed, the .ends of the bolster project through the so-called bolster openings in the spaced side frames and are guided therein by various forms of cooperating guide means between the bolster and the side frames. Because of the definite space limitations that have developed due to the standardization of railway rolling stock, vertical clearance between the spring seat at the bottom of the bolster opening and the compression member at the top thereof has been in practice reduced to a minimum in orderto permit a maximum amount of metal in the compression and tension members at the mi`ddle portions thereof in the area where the load is applied. These structures are commonly arranged with the bolster openings wide at the bottom and narrow at the top. designed to permit the end of the boltser to be inserted in the wide bottom portion andiretained in position in the narrower portion by column guide means when' the springs have been-inserted under the end of the bolster and positioned on the spring seat of the tension member.

Certain operating difficulties arise in connection with trucks of the above described type.

Wheel wear requires relatively frequent dismantling of the truck in order to introduce new wheel and axle assemblies. With-the above mentioned common type of truck this requires the removal of the spring assembly and lowering of.

the bolster end before the side frame can be disengaged from the wheel and axle assembly.

A further objection to the ordinary truss type y of side frame as above described results from the diiiiculty of meeting the present dimensional and test requirements while at the same time presenting a satisfactory clearance of the bottom of the side frame above the rail. My novel truck A more specic object of my invention is to del sign a novel type of four wheel truck structure wherein the cooperating parts of the side frame and bolster structures are. so constructed and arv ranged as to permit theraising of the bolster end,

thusudisengaging it from the side frame and permitting outward movement of one end of the side frame whereby the associated-wheel and 5 axle assembly may be removed and replaced.

A further object of my invention is to design anovel type yof truss side frame conforming to present dimensional standards and capable of meeting present test requirements while at' the 10 same time devising cooperating means on said side frame for connection to an associated bolster which will permit the dissociation of said bolster from said side frame without dismantling other `truck p rts including the usual spring assembly. l5

It is further object of my invention to provide a side frame structure with a novel form of terision member which, in combination with my novel arrangement for connecting the side frame and bolster, will permit exceptionally high rail 20 clearance, a factor much sought after in modern truck design. More specifically, my invention comprehends a tension member having such a novel form between the columns as will permit a relatively shallowstructure of the tension memg5 ber in that area.

With these and various other objects in view my invention may consist of certain novel features and combinations thereof which will be more apparent from a consideration of the asso- 'ciated drawings and the description' thereof as Well as the claims.

In the drawings- Figure 1 is a fragmentary side elevation of a four wheel truck structure incorporating my in- 35 vention;

Figure 2 is a plan view thereof and Figure 3 is a sectional view through the transverse center line of the side frame shown in conjunction with an end elevation of the bolster and o the associated wheeland axle assembly.

Describing in more detail the modification of my invention shown in the drawings, the side frame generally designated 2 has the compression member 4 and the tension member@ joined 45 intermediate their ends by spaced columns 8, 8,

forming therebetween the window opening I0 and merging in the usual manner adjacent their ends in the integrally formed journal box structure l2 forming a means of cooperation with the 50 journal portion Il of the associated wheel and axle assembly I6. VThe juncture of the journal box I2 with the tension member Bis reinforced by the ribs I3. 'I'he end portions of the vcompression and tension members of the side frame 55 are U-shaped in cross section, but the center portion of thecompression member above the window opening I is substantially L-shaped and the center portion of the tension member below said window opening is a shallow box section with upstanding lateral flanges as most clearly shown in Figure 3. The tension member has the usual centrally located spring seat portion |8 defined bythe columns 3, 8 on either side thereof and the outer retaining flange 20 and inner retaining flange 22 within which may be positioned the spring group diagrammatically indicated at 24. This special type of tension member section between the columns, comprising a shallow box section with a widened upper chord having vertlcal flanges which serve as spring retaining means, permits an` exceptionally high rail clearance by virtue of the shallow depth of the said box section below the spring seat portion. In other words, the upstanding flanges on the widened top chord of the shallow box section raise the center of gravity of the tension member in this area to a point which coincides. with the said upper chord. Expressed in another way, the neutral axis of this portion of the tension member lies along the upper chord of the shallow box section close to the level of the springfseat.

The windows opening l0 is deilned by the vertical anges 26, 26 inwardly projecting from the columns 8,8 on the outer face of the frame and by the depending ilange\`28 along the outer edge of the compression member 4 and by the upstanding ange 20 along the outer edge of the tension member 6. Said flange 28 is reinforced by the centrally located rib 28 and, likewise, the ange 20 is reinforced by the rib 3|. Joining the spaced side frames 2, 2 is the bolster 36 of general box-like structure having the usual 'center bearing 32 for cooperation with the center bearing of an associated car body and side bearings 34, 34. 'Ihe side walls of the bolster may be provided with openings 36 to permit passage of a brake rod, if required, or as a means of lightening the bolster structure. The bracket 38 may be secured to the side of the bolster as by rivets 48, 46 or integrally formed thereon as a means of brake connection thereto. The ends of the bolster are seated in the usual manner upon the spring group 24 and positioning lugs 4|, 4| are provided therefor.

I have arranged a novel form of. connection between the guide columns 8,:8 of the side frames and the ends of the bolster. The manner of this cooperation may be most clearly seen in Figure 2 wherein it will b e observed that the column guides of the side frame have the centrally located vertical guide flange 42 on either side of which are the cylindrical surfaces 44, 44. 'Ihe cylindrical surfaces 44, 44 cooperate with complementary surfaces 46, 46 formed on the opposite sides of the bolster end. Between the spaced cylindrical surfaces 48, 46 on the sides of the bolster is formed the channel 48 in form complementary to the guide flange 42 on the associated columns of the side frame.

In the modication illustrated and described herein, I have shown the column guide flanges 42 on the side frame deilned by the lateral diagonal plane faces 58 and 52 and the intervening plane face 54 parallel with the transverse center line of the truck. Of complementary form -is the channel 48 onthe end ofthe bolster, said channel being defined by the faces 4indicated respectively at 56, 58 and 68. It may be observed that the faces 58, 58 on the opposite columns of the side frame lie ln a single plane as do also the other faces 52, 52. The two planes defined respectively by the faces 50, 58 and by faces 52, 52 intersect in the vertical plane bisecting the truck transversely. Likewise the faces 56, 56 on the opposite sides of each bolster end dene a single plane as do also the faces 58, 58 as indicated by the phantom lines and 53. It will thus be seen that any tendency of the side frames to become out of square with relation to the bolster end results in adequate bearing at each end of the bolster against both of the associated side frame column guide flanges.

It may be observed that the guide flange 42 on each of the columns 8 is located centrally of the column structure, the top of said flange being indicated at 6| (Figure 1) and the bottom thereof at 62. It will also be observed that in my novel side frame structure I have provided along the inner edge of the center portion of the compression member 4 a wide but shallow flange 64, the bottom face of which indicated at 66 is spaced from the top surface v6I of the guide flange 48, a distance indicated at A, suflicient to permit the disengagement of the bolster end from `the guide flanges 42 without disturbing other parts of the assembly.

In my novel truck structure it will be observed that the guide ribs 42 are centrally located both vertically and laterally on the side frame columns, thus permiting clearance at the top Aof the side frame for the application or removal of the bolster as above indicated. A very simple form of guid means is thereby provided and the truck structure as a whole presents an arrangement of maximum simplicity and efficiency.

\ It is to be understood that I do not wish to be limited by the exact embodiment of the device shown which is merely by way of illustration and not limitation as 'various and other'forms of the.

device will of course be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the claima I claim:

l. In a four wheel truck a truss side frame having a compression member, a tension, member,

and integral spaced 'columns forming therewith a central window opening, said compression member having an L-section over said opening with one leg of said L forming a depending flange defining the outer face of said frame, a spring seat on said tension member below said opening, a spring group seated thereon, a bolster having an end projecting into said opening, guide means on each of said columns comprising a cylindrical surface and a vertical ang'e centrally located on said column both vertically and laterally thereof, said bolster end having a depth less than its vertical clearance from the other leg of said L and having on opposite sides thereof vertical channels cooperating respectively with said flanges and cylindrical faces complementary in form to said surfaces, said parts being so constructed as to permit said bolster to be removed from said opening by elevating said bolster end until said channels may be disengaged from said flanges, whereby a wheel change may be facilitated.

2. In a four wheel railway truck a truss type side frame having a compression member, a tension member, spaced integral columns formingv therewith a window opening, each of said mem- -bers comprising end portions of U-section outwardly of said columns, said tension member having a vbox section and being widened between said columns ande provided with upright inner outer flanges 4forming a spring seat and spring y `channels cooperating with said vertical flanges and cylindrical guide faces on opposite sides o f each" of said channels cooperating respectivelyl with 'each of the before mentioned faces, said bolsterjend having a depth less than the vertical distance from the tops of said guide flanges to said compression member. v

3. In a railway car truck a truss type side `frame having acompression member, a tension member, integrally formed columns forming therewith a window opening, said members having end'portions of U-section outwardly of said columns, said compression member having an L-section between said columns wth'one leg of said L being in the form of the depending flange on the outer face Aof said frame, said tension member being of box section between said columns and having a widened portion on` the upper face thereof with upstanding inner and outer flanges forming a spring seat and spring retaining means, each of said columns having a centrally located vertical guide flange and cylindrical guide faces on opposite sides of said flange, and a bolster having an end projecting into said opening, said end having a depth less than the vertical distance between the top of said guide flange and said compression member and having on opposite sides thereof vertical channels cooperating with said vertical flanges.

4. In a railway cartruck a truss type side frame having a compression member, a tension member, integrallyformed columns forming therewith a window opening, said members having end portions of U-section outwardly of said columns, said compression member having an L-section between said columns with one leg of said L being in the form of the depending flange on the outer face of said frame, said tension member being of box section between said columns and having a widened portion on the upper face thereof with upstanding inner and outer flanges forminga spring seat and spring retaining means, each of said columns having a centrally located vertical of less depth than the vertical distance between the tops of said guide flanges and said compression member projecting into said opening, and vertical channels on opposite sides of said bolster cooperating with said flanges.

5. In a four wheel railway truck a truss side frame having a compression member, a tension member and integral columns forming therewith a bolster opening, said tension member having between said columns a box section of shallow depth the upper chord of which is widened and columns. having bolster guide means comprising a cylindrical surface anda vertical flange, said flange being centrally located on said column both vertically and laterally thereof, and a bolster end projecting into said opening, the vertical distance between the tops of said flanges and said comof said bolster end.

I guide flange and cylindrical guide faces on opposite sides of said flange, a bolster having an end provided with upstandng flanges, each of said pression member being at least equal to the depth- 6. In a four wheel railway truck a truss side frame having a compression member, a tension member and integral columns forming a bolster opening, said tension member below said opening having a shallow box section with a widened upperv chord having upstanding flanges, each of said `columns having bolster guide means centrally located thereon, and a bolster end projecting into said opening and having slot means cooperating with said guide means, the vertical distance between the tops of said guide means and said compression member being atleast equalto' the depth of lsaid bolster end.

7. In a. four wheel railway truck a truss type side frame having a compression member, a

tension member, and integral spacedcolumns forming therewith a bolster opening, said compression member having an L-shaped section over said bolster opening and said tension member having a box section thereunder laterally widened to form a spring seat, a spring group seated thereon, each of said columns having a vertical -guide flange centrally located thereon both vertically and laterally thereof, anda bolster having anend extending into said opening engaging said flanges and said L section having a vertical leg and a horizontal leg affording vertical clearance for said bolster end, whereby said bolster may be raised beneath said horizontal leg and disengaged from seated on said spring group, l

said guide flanges and removed from said opening l being of box section between said columns and having a widened portion on the upper face thereof with upstanding inner and outer flanges forming a spring seat and spring retaining means, each of said columns 4having -a' centrally located vertical guide flange with diagonally arranged faces, and cylindrical guide faces on opposite sides of said ange, the vertical distance between the tops of said guide flanges and the other leg of said L being sufficient to afford clearance for a bolster end of normal depth.

9. In a four wheel railway car truck a truss type side frame having a compression member with a center portion L-shaped in section, a tension member having a center portion of box section, integrally formed spaced columns forming with said members a centrally located window opening, said columns having on their opposed faces vertical guide flanges, said guide flanges being centrally located on saidcolumns both vertically and laterally thereof, and a bolster having an end projecting into said opening, said end having on opposite sides thereof vertical channels cooperating respectively with said vertical flanges, said anges having vertical clearance from said compression member at least equal to the depth of said bolster end.

10. In a four wheel railway truck a. truss type side frame having a compression member, a tension-member, and-integrally formed spaced columns forming therewith a centrally located c bolster' opening, said compression member having said L forming a depending ilange on the outer face of said frame to afford vertical clearance for an associated bolster end, each of said columns having centrally located guide means comprising spaced cylindrical surfaces and an intervening vertical a'nge, said vertical flange being centrally located on said column both vertically and laterally thereof, and having vertical clearance with the horizontal leg of said L Sufficient to admit a bolster end of normal depth.

1l. In a four wheel railway truck a truss type side frame having-a compression member, a tension member, and integral spaced columns forming therewith a centrally located bolster opening, said compression member having an L-section over said opening with one leg of said L forming a depending flange on the outer face of said frame, each of said columns having bolster guide means comprising a vertical flange and an adjacent cylindrical surface, said fiange being centrally located on said column both vertically and laterally thereof and having suicient vertical clearance from the other leg of said L to afford space for the reception of a bolster end of normal depth.

l2. In a four wheel railway car truck, a truss side frame having a compression member, a tension -member and spaced columns forming a bolster opening, said compression member having an L section over said opening with the depending leg of said L defining the outer face of said frame, said tension member under said opening having a relatively flat box section with a widened top chord and upstanding flanges thereon forming a spring seat and spring retaining means, spring means thereon, vertical guide flanges on said columns, and a bolster end extending into said opening and-having vertical clearance with said depending leg and slots receiving said guide flanges, said bolster end having a depth less than the vertical distance between the tops of said guide flanges and said compression member whereby said bolster may be disconnected from said side frame without disturbing said spring means.

13. In a railway truck a truss side frame having a compression member, a tension member and spaced columns forming therewith a bolster opening, said compression member having an L section over said opening with the depending leg of said L defining the outer face ofI said frame, guide flanges centrally located on said columns, and a bolster end extending into said opening, said bolster end having slots for said guide flanges and having a depth less than the vertical distance between said guide flanges and said compression member whereby said bolster end may be inserted in said opening over said anges and engaged therewith in assembly.

14. In a four wheel railway truck, a truss side frame having a compression member, a tension member and spaced columns forming an opening, vertical guide anges with diagonal faces centrally located on said columns, "and a bolster end extending into said opening, said compression member having an L section over said opening with a depending leg affording vertical clearance for said bolster end, said end having slots complementary in form to said guide anges for reception thereof and having a depth less than the vertical distance between said guide flanges and said compression member whereby said bolster end may be inserted' or removed at the top of said opening.

15. In a four wheel truck a truss side frame over said opening with one leg of said L having a compression member, a tension member, and integral spaced columns forming therewith a central window opening, said compression member having an L-section over said opening with one leg of said L forming a depending flange denlng the outer face of said frame, a spring seat on said tension member below said opening, a spring group seatedthereon, a` bolster end supported on said spring group and having a depth less than its vertical clearance from the other leg of said L, and guide means on each of said columns comprising a cylindrical surface and a vertical flange centrally located on said column both vertically and laterally thereof, said bolster end having on opposite sides thereof vertical channels cooperating respectively with said flanges and cylindrical faces complementary in form to said surfaces, said vertical clearance permitting said bolster to be raised from said spring group and disengaged from said guide means to permit wheel change.

16. In a four wheel railway truck a truss type side frame having a compression member, a tension member, and integral spaced columns forming therewith a centrally located bolster opening, said compression member having an L-section forming a depending flange on the outer face of said frame, a bolster having an end extending into said opening, and having vertical clearance with the other leg of said L at least equal to the depth of said end, and guide means on said columns comprising a vertical flange and spaced cylindrical surfaces, complementary guide means on opposite sides of said bolster end comprising centrally located vertical channels and spaced cylindrical surfaces complementary in form to said first mentioned cylindrical surfaces, said parts being so constructed and arranged as to permit removal of said bolster end from said opening by elevation thereof until said channels on said bolster end are disengaged from said anges on said columns.

17. In a four wheel railway truck, a side frame having a top member, a bottom member, and columns therebetween forming a window opening, said bottom member below said opening having 'a shallow box section with a widened upper chord having upstanding flanges, each of said columns having bolster guide means centrally located thereon, and a bolster end projecting into said opening with slot means receiving said guide means, said bolster end having a de'pth no greater than the vertical distance between the tops of said guide means and said top member.

18. In a railway truck, a side frame having a top member, a bottom member, and integral columns forming a window opening, saidbottom member below said opening having a shallow box section with a widened upper chord having upstanding flanges, each of said columns having bolster guide means centrally located therein, and

having channels receiving s'aid guide means, said bolster and s aid guide means having vertical clearance from said top member at least equal to the depth of said bolster end.

19. In a railway truck, a side frame having a top member, a bottom member, and spaced vertical members forming therewith a window opening, a spring seat on said bottom member beneath said opening, a spring group thereon, said top member having an L-section over said opening with the depending leg thereof defining the outer face of said frame, and the horizontal leg thereof a. bolster end projecting into said opening and dening the top of said framefguide ilanges centrally located .on said vertical members, and a load carrying member having an end seated on said spring group, said end having vertical channels receiving said gide ilanges and having a depth less than the vertical distance between said guide ilanges and said horizontal leg, whereby said end may be inserted into said opening over said anges and engaged therewith in assembiy on said spring group.

20. In a railway car truck, a side frame having a top member, a bottom member, and spaced vertical members forming an opening, a spring group on said bottom member in said opening, vertical guide ilanges with diagonal faces centrally located on said vertical members, and a load carrying member having an end seated on said spring group in said opening, said top member having an L-section over said opening with w said bottom member below said opening having a shallow box section with a widened upper chord having upstanding iianges, each of said columns having bolster guide means centrally located thereon both vertically and laterally thereof, and

alv a bolster-end projecting into said openingfwith a horizontal leg, said end having vertical chan slot means receiving said guide means, the portion of said bolster in abutment with said guide v means having a depth no greater .than the ver- Vtical distancebetween the tops of said vguide means and said top member.

22. In a railway truck, a side frame having a top member, a bottom member, and integral columns forming a window opening, said bottom member below said opening having a shallow box section with a widened upper chord having upstanding anges, each .of said columns having bolster guide means centrally located thereon both vertically and laterally thereof, and a bolster end projecting into said opening and having channels receiving said guide means, said bolster and said guide means having vertical clearance from said top member at least equal to the depth of the portion of said bolster having abutment with said guide means.

23. In a four wheel railway truck, a truss side frame having a compression member, a `tension member and integral. columns forming a bolster opening, said tension member below said opening having a shallow box section with a widened upper chord having upstanding ang'es, each of said columns having bolster guide means centrally located thereon both vertically and laterally thereof. and a bolster endprojecting into said opening and having' slot means cooperating-with said guide means, the vertical distance between the tops of said guide means and said compression member being at least equal to the depth of that portion of said bolster adjacent said guide means.

- ROBERT B. co'r'r'rtnnl.v

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