US2173549A

US2173549A - Silencer for engines

Info

Publication number: US2173549A
Application number: US140116A
Authority: US
Inventors: Coanda Henri
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1936-06-12
Filing date: 1937-05-01
Publication date: 1939-09-19
Anticipated expiration: 1956-09-19

Description

SPt- 19 1939- H. coANDA 2,173,549

S ILBNCBR FORv ENGINES Filed my 1, 1957 Il I] l 4 INVENTOR= H ENRI COAN DA www @L ATTORNEV5 ,im www i 2,173,549l

iuurrsn s'rA'rEsrATt/N'r OFFICE Tcaw einem my 1, m1, ser-uu No. 140.116

, 1n France June 12, i936 1c claim. (ci. 181-60) It is known, in particular from my prior Patent vention, the silencer is constituted by a series of No. 2,062,869, dated september i. 1936, that a elements. all of the same shape; adapted to be stream of iiuid under pressure escaping into .the juxtaposed together, and each of these elements atmosphere through a narrow slot only one lip consists of a main cylindrical part, corresponding g oi' which prolonged in such manner as to deviate to the partial expansion chamber, carrying two gradually from the axis of said slot now; along cylindrical extensions, integral therewith, corresaid prolonged lip and eonsequently creates a sponding to the feed conduit, these extensions besuction lin the direction thereof. ing part of a cylindrical surface at right angles to -Tne mi; invention relates to meneer-s or the cylinder forming the expansion chamber and lo muillers based upon this principle. that is to tangential thereto on the side opposed to the exm say ofthe type including at least one partial exhaust slot. pension chamber opening into the atmosphere Each of the large diameter cylinders, correthrough atleast one slot made as above described. sponding to a partial expansion chamber, is Proi The object of the present invention is to provided with a narrow slot, connecting the inside to meet the requirements of practice than gunlposed along the generatrix of the cylinder, the lar silencers made up to this time, both from the' deilector being located along the inner lip of said point of view of its operation and from that of slot.- s its construction and assembly. .Ilsl a consequence of the cylindrical shape of According to an/.essential feature of the presthe expansion chambers, there is left, between the ent invention, each partial expansion chamber deiiector of each of them and the outer wall of is provided with a defleetor along the outlet slot the expansion chamber, an empty space in which thereof, thisI deilector being arranged in such accumulate the exhaust gases which, for some manner that the exhaust gases fed tothe i'lrst reason, after having failed to escape through the g partial expansion chamber, and which have not slot, would tend to ow backward toward said" escaped directly through the outlet slot or slotsv slot, so that these gases do not interfere with of said chamber, now 0n to the next partial exthe flow of the remainder of the exhaust gases.

pansicn chamber, where they escape at least According to still another feature of the prespartly to the atmosphere through the slot or ent invention, the prolonged lip of the exhaust a slots of said chamber, andsoon, until, practically, slot of each expansion chamber is integral with in the last chamber, there is no flow of exhaust a curved piece forming a portion of the cylindrigases, the respective deiiectors of thevarious cal wall'of the expansion chamber, chambers preventing backward flow of any por- According to still another feature of the prestion of the gases which would interfere with the ent invention, the deector provided in each exsmooth running of the gases through the silencer. pansion chamber consists of a piece, of V-shaped 35 A particular object of thezinvention is to longitudinal section, fitting inside the cylindrical provide an arrangement of these deectnrs which expansion chamber Vin question, so that, one of does not undfy restrict the section` of ilow of the branches of the V is the section of a portion themass of gx les through the silencer. o f said piece applied against the inner wall of 7For this purpose, according to-another feature the expansion chamber, whereas the other branch 40 oi' the invention, whereas the exhaust gases are corresponds to vthe deflector proper. fed to the partial expansion chambers through According to still another feature of the pres conduits extending in the general direction of ent invention, each silencer element is provided flow of said gases, the partial expansion charnwith faces adapted to fit in, or on, correspondbers are in the form oi cylindrical elements exe ing faces of another silencer element, whereby all tending at right .angles to thisdirection and of these silencer 'elements can be fitted together aca diameter substantially lgreater than that of curately and without special diillculty.

said conduits (advantageously twice this diame- Other features of the present invention will re;- tcr). Asthe denectors extend from the periphery suit from the following detailed description of n of said expansion chambers toward the 'inside Some Specific embodiments thereof. 50

thereof but only to a limited distance, the part of Preferred embodiments of the present inventhe system opposed to the deilect'ors remains untion will be hereinafter described, with reference obstructed and' ail'ords a sumcient passage for to the accompanying drawing, given merely by the smooth flowing of the gases. way oi.' example, and in which: u g According to another featureof the present inv Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectionv through one 55 l5 v vide a silencer of this type which is better adapted thereof with the atmosphere, advantageously dis- 13 element of the silencer, taken on line I I in Fig. 2, and

Fig. 2 la top view of the same element, and' Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section taken on line III-III in Fig. `4i, through a complete silencer comprising a certain number of elements such as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, while Fig. 4 is a top View of the silencer.

Throughout the views the same references indicate the same or corresponding parts.

As shown by Figs. 3 and 4, the silencer elements are preferably assembled between two channel irons U, by `means of which the assembled unit can be mounted upon the body. of a vehicle. A series of cylinders Ia, Ib, Ic, Id, Ie, IJ, etc. fitting in each other are assembled between said channel irons in such manner that cylinder Ia ts into vcylinder Ib, cylinder Ic into cylinder Id, and' so forth. Cylinders 261,22), 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f, etc. also t in each other so as to form two series extending in a direction parallel to the ilow of the gases. The last cylinder of each series same complete 2a, 2c, 2e,etc., and 2b, 2d, 2f, etc. is closed by a plug 3, and each of the lateral openings of cylinders Ia,

Ib, etc. is likewise closed by a washer or

plug

4 or 5 respectively so that the exhaust gases will be caused to flow through narrow slots II provided in the walls of the cylinders Ia, Ib, Ic, etc., said slots being preferably arranged along a generatrix either at the top or at the bottom according to the disposition of said'- cylinders with respect to the silencer unit. Figs. 1 and 2 show the details of an element cast in one pieceincluding one cylinder Ia and one cylinder 2a. Cylinder I lis provided with a truncated portion .6 adapted to t in a corresponding portion 'l provided in the ad,.- joining cylinder. Cylinder 2a comprises a recess or female portion 8, into which fits the corresponding male portion 9 ofthe adjoining cylindrical element. Cylinder la forms a partial expanson chamber into which the gases from cylinder 2a penetrate, ilowing in the direction of arrow F1. The wall of cylinder Ia includes a part I4 and a delecto'r Il] leaving between these parts a very narrow slot li lip I2 of whichy extends outwardly at I3. The deflectorf I0 is preferably of V-shaped longitudinal section having one circular branch I-Ila extending tangentially to cylinder Ia along one fourth of the circumference thereof, and' one branch penetrating into said cylinder and" extending beyond the outer generatrix of cylinder 2a.

The gases arriving in the direction of arrow F1 flow partly along the path indicated by arrow f and, instead of remaining within the chamber formed by cylinder la, keep flowing toward -chamber Ic formed by the next cylinder and so forth, thereby expanding more and more. The top layer of the gases arriving through tube 2a into ,cylinder Ia passes along part I4 and, iiowing along lip I2 of embossment I3, escapesinto the atmosphere through slot il according to the principle described in Patent No. 2,052,869 of September lst, 1936, for Device for deflecting a stream of elastic uid projected into an elastic iluid.

The surrounding air arriving in the direction of arrow qs is thus drawn into the zone along part I3 and increases the suction effect created' by the expansion of the layer escaping in increased volume through slot II.

rIhe gases which have' own in the-direction indicated by f, i. e. those which have not escaped through slot II and which, due to the resistance 'and perpendicularly to each haus't port of the engine, a

offered by the layers of air contained in tube 2, would have a tendency to ow back rearwardly, will, upon such rearward movement, strike said reilector so that they are deflected in the directionf'indicated by arrow F2 under the suction effort exerted by the layers of gases ilowing in this direction.

The various tubes formed by the assembly of several cylinders 2.are rigidly secured in place by means of nipples or fingers I 6 carried by washers 4 and' 5. The exhaust gases arrive into the first small cylinder 2 through a suitably shaped socket I1 arranged to t upon the ends thereof; the outer end of socket I'I is provided with a. ilange I8 by means of which the silencer unit can be connected to the exhaust of the motor; as already stated slot II preferably extends in a parallel direction to the generatrix of cylinders I.

It should be understood that the preferred' embodiment of the invention as shown and described could undergo many modications without departing from the spirit or scope of said invention,

this more particularly as regards the means for into the atmosphere, a series of adjacent elements of identical shape, such element forming two cyl- ,inders of different diameters disposed tangentially and perpendicularly to each other, means feeding the burnt gases to said elements, and an exhaust opening provided in the wall of one of said cylinders. i

2. ,-In ay silencer for the exhaustfrom a motor, a series of identically shaped adjacent interconnected elements each element forming a whole comprising two cylinders disposted tangentially other, the diameter of one of said cylinders being substantially greater than of the other cylinder, a socket connecting the assembled unit of said elements to the exnarrow slot provided in the wall of the larger cylinder and a ilap protruding outside the cylinder walland extending t rearwardly in regard of the direction otflow in the smaller cylinder. f

, 3. In a silencer for a series ofA identically nected velements each element forming `a whole comprising two cylinders disposed tangentially and perpendicularly to 'each other, the diameter of one of said cylinders being substantially greater than of the other cylinder, a socket connecting the assembled unit of said elements to the exhaust port of the engine, an embossment provided upn the inner wall of the larger cylinder, a narrow slot in the ,wall of the larger cylinder adjoining said embossment, and a flap protruding outside the cylinder wall and extending rearwardly in regard of the direction of flow, in the smaller cylinder.

4. In a silencer for the vexhaust from a motor, the combination of a series of identically shaped adjacent lnterconnectedelements each element forming a whole comprisingtwo cylinders disposed tangentially and perpendicularly to each the exhaust from a motor,

- other, the diameter of one of said cylinders being substantially greater than of the othercylinder,

shaped adjacent interconelements, to the exhaust port oi the engine, an

embossment provided'upon the inner wall of the larger cylinder, a narrow slot in the wall of the largercylinder adjoining said embossment, and a ap protruding outside the cylinder wall and extending rearwardly inv regard of the direction ofy flow, in the-smaller cylinder, wth means directing lthe burnt gases arriving from the smaller cylinder -partly towards said narrow slots and.'

partly towardsthe other end of the smaller cylinder. ,y 1

5.Ir'1 a silencer for the exhaust from a motor the combination of a series of identically shaped adjacent interconnected elements each element forming awhole comprising two ,cylinders disposed tangentially and perpendicularly to each other, the diameter of one of said cylinders being substantially greater than of the other,` cylinder, a socket connecting the assembled unit of -said elements, to the exhaust embossment provided upon the inner wall of the larger cylinder, a narrow slot in the wall of the larger cylinder adjoining said embossment, and a flap protruding outside the cylinder Awall and extending, rearwardly in regard of the direction of flow, in the smaller cylinder, with means directing the -burntgases arriving from the smaller cylinder partly towards said narrow slots and partly towards the other end oi the smaller cylinder, and means preventing the return of the burnt gases from one expansion chamber into the preceding one; y

6. In a silencer for the exhaust from a motor, a

series of identically shaped adjacent interconnected elements each element forming a whole comprising two cylinders disposed tangentially and perpendicularly to each other, the of one of said cylinders being substantially greater than of the other cylinder,Y a socket connecting the assembled unit of said elements to the exhaust port or the engine, an embossmentA provided upon the inner wall'ot the larger cylinder, a narrow slot` in the wall of the larger cylinder adjoining said embossment, and a flap protruding outside the cylinder wall and extending rearwardly in regard of the direction 'oi flow, in the smaller cylinder, Aand a deilector mounted within the larger cylinder partially confining the aforesaid exhaust slot.

7. A silencer for the exhaust of an engine which comprises, in'combination, a series of partial expansion chambers extending behind one another, a feed conduit for the exhaust gases extending throughout said seriesof chambers, each of said chambers being provided with an exhaust slot opening into the atmosphere, an extension lying in an outward and. rearward direction with respect to the path oi Athe port of the engine, an.

' throughout said series of diameter carriedbythe outer rear lip of said slot, and a deector carried by the inner front lip of each slot extending inwardly and frontwardly in said chamber.

8. A silencer for the`exhaust of an engine which comprises, in combination, a series of partial expansion chambers extending behind one -another, a feed conduit for the exhaust gases extending throughout said series of chambers, each of said chambers being of the shape of a cylinder of a diameter substantially greater than that oi said conduit having its axis at right angles to said conduit, each of said chambers being'provided with an exhaust slot opening into the atmosphere, an extension llying in an outward and rearward direction with respect to the direction of travel o! the gases through said conduit carried by the outer rear lip of said slot, and a deiiector lying in an inward and rear direction in each of said chambers carried by the inner front lip of each of s aid chambers.

9. A silencer for the exhaust of an engine which comprises, in combination, a series of partial expansion chambers extending behind one another, a feed conduit for the exhaust gases extending chambers, each of said chambers being of the shape of a cylinder of a diameter substantially greater than that of said conduit, having its axis at right angles to said conduit, each of said chambersbeing provided with an exhaust slot opening into the atmosphere, and parallel to the generatrices ofl said cylinder, an extension l ing in an outward and rearward direction with respect to the direction of travel of the gases through said conduit carried by the rear outer lip of said slot, and a defiector lying 1n the inward and frontward directionin said chamber, carried by the inner iront lip of each of said slots.

10. A silencer for the exhaust of an engine which comprises, in combination, a series of partial explosion chambers extending `behind one another, a cylindrical feed conduit for the exhaust gases extending throughout said series of chambers, each of said chambers being ot the shape of a cylinder of a diameter equal to twice that oi' said conduit, having its axis at right angles to said conduit, each of said chambers: being provided with an exhaust slot opening into the atmosphere, and parallel to the generatrices of said chamber, an extension lying in an outward and rearward direction with respect to the direction of travel of the exhaust gases through said silencer carried by the external rear lip of said slot, and a deiiector lying in the inward and nontwarddirection in said chamber, carried by the inner front lip o! each of said slits.

` HENRI OOANDA.