US2161947A

US2161947A - Machine for surface finishing

Info

Publication number: US2161947A
Application number: US236440A
Authority: US
Inventors: Byron F Bower
Original assignee: HOWELL Co
Current assignee: HOWELL Co
Priority date: 1938-10-22
Filing date: 1938-10-22
Publication date: 1939-06-13
Anticipated expiration: 1956-06-13

Description

June 13, 1939.

B. F. BOWER 2,161,947

MACHINE FOR SURFACE FINISHING Filed Oct. 22, 1938 5 Sheet s-Sheet 1 June 13, 1939. B. F. BOWER MACHINE FOR SURFACE FINISHING 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Oct. 22, 1938 June 13, I939. w B. F. BQWER 2,161,947

MACHINE FOR SURFACE FINISHING Fild Oct. 22, 1938 5 Sheets-Shet 3 June 13, 1939.

B F. BOWER MACHINE FOR SURFACE FINISHING Filed Oct. 22, 1938 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 NM N 71M; 72 for: @9110, ZJoeue 7n,

w MR

June 13, 1939. BQWER 2,161,947

MACHINE FOR SURFACE FINISHING Filed Oct. 22,, 1938 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 625k Fiz y 5 69 Patented June 13;, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Howell Company, St.

tion of Illinois Charles, 11]., a corpora- Application October 22, 1938, Serial No. 236,440

10 Claims.

The present invention relates to machines for finishing the surfaces of articles of different shapes and sizes. As an example, it is particularly applicable to polishing or buffing machines which are intended to treat the surfaces of articles which may be flat, annular or in the form ,of deep vessels.

In equipment of this character, the machines are generally used in the presence of some sort of abrasive. This makes the use of a sliding member to advance the work to the polishing wheel an unsatisfactory mechanism, because of the difficulty of maintenance. In the present device, any sliding ways which would be adversely af fected by the abrasive are avoided.

In surface finishing of materials, the pressure per square inch of material pressing against the polishing wheel is an important factor in obtaining a proper surface. Generally speaking, it may be said that this pressure is a constant for each type of polishing operation. Therefore, if the pressure varies greatly during the polishing operation, the device is not functioning with maximum efiiciency. It is well known that the wear of the finishing wheel makes it very diihcult to maintain any given pressure of the material against the polishing wheel. Machines have been constructed in which partial correction of the variation in pressure due to wear on the wheel or other means is accomplished by the use of springs. The difiiculty with this method, however, lies in the fact that springs are fixed values which prevent the ready correction and adjustments necessary for changes to different mat-erials or parts to be polished. It is a fundamental purpose of this-invention to provide a machine of the character described with means for applying the same pressure for urging the part against the wheel, the means being of such a nature that it can be adjusted quickly to a different pressure application for a different part or article to be polished.

It is a further object of this invention to pro vide a finishing machine of the character described with means whereby, as the finishing wheel wears, the article in contact with it is automatically advanced to compensate for the wear without any attention from the operator, the pressure in the advanced position being the same as in the previous position.

It is also a purpose of the present invention to provide a machine of this character wherein the control for moving the work to the wheel is such as to avoid any mechanical toggle arrangements which require considerable strength on the part of the operator to bring the work into operative position. In this respect, the machine, as shown hereinafter, includes an advancing control means whereby the operator may, by a single movement such as the operating of a foot pedal, move the work from loading position into finishing position, and then apply the necessary pressure of the work against the finishing wheel, without further attention being necessary. The machine, of course, may be made more or less automatic by the use of known elec trical timing equipment for actuating the control means.

In particular, it is a purpose of the present invention to provide in a surface finishing machine a mechanism having means for grasping the work placed upon a holding chuck, then advancing the work to a finishing wheel and thereafter applying the work to the finishing wheel with a pressure which does not vary due to the wear of the wheel, and turning the work as may be necessary to treat all parts of it. Also, the invention contemplates means applicable to multiple chucks for moving a finished piece of work to a point where it may be removed while another piece of work is being polished without in any way varying the pressure of the work against the wheel.

Further and more detailed objects and advantages of the invention will appear more fully as the description proceeds, reference being had to the accompanying drawings wherein a preferred form of the invention is shown. It is to be understood, however, that the drawings and description are illustrative only, and are not to be taken as limiting the invention except insofar as it is limited by the claims.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 is a view in side elevation, with certain parts in section, of a finishing machine embodying my invention;

Fig. 2 is an end view of a more complete form of the invention which is particularly adapted for moving hollow parts over a finishing wheel and thereafter applying them to the wheel so as to finish the interior surface thereof;

Fig. 3 is a view in side elevation of the machine shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the pneumatic circuit by which the several operations are controlled from a simple foot operated valve;

Fig. 5 is a view in side elevation of a chuck head showing a multiple chuck by which a plurality of pieces may be held against a finishing wheel;

Fig. '6 is an enlarged view in side elevation of the chuck head with a multiple chuck attached thereto; and

Fig. 7 is an end view looking at the left-hand end of Fig. 6 with a part of the end plate of the chuck broken away to show the interior construction.

Referring now in detail to the drawings, and

particularly to Fig. 1, the present invention is shown there as embodied in a machine wherein the work is held by a chuck I ll which is mounted upon a chuck head II that, in turn, is supported by a stem l2. The stem I2 is pivoted upon a base l3 so that the chuck head may be swung with the stem toward and away from a finishingwheel l4.

The finishing wheels for final polishing operations are driven at a very high speed. They are usually constructed of a fabric and are treated with an abrasive material which they apply to the article to be polished as it is held against the wheel. The'quality of finish imparted to the surface of the article and the efficiency with which the wheel does its work both depend 'upon the pressure of the wheel against the material. Most finishing wheels wear very rapidly and their diameters are therefore continuously changing.

The present invention provides means whereby the chuck head is made to follow the wheel and force the work against it with the same unvarying pressure as the wheel is worn away. In order to accomplish this result, the stem I2 is provided with an arm l5, by which the stem may be rocked on its pivot, to move the work into and out of engagement with the wheel. The arm 15 is moved by a cylinder I6 and a piston rod I! which are interposed between the arm l5 and the base l3. A piston I8 on the rod slides within the cylinder l6 under air pressure which is supplied from a suitable source through the connections I9 and 20. By controlling the source of air pressure and the rate of flow of air to the cylinder 5, the operator may control the speed at which the chuck I0 is advanced to the wheel l4 and the polishing pressure which is maintained between the wheel I4 and a part such as the ring 2| that is being polished.

For convenience in adapting the machine to 7 different sizes and shapes of work, the stem I2 is made up of a pluralityof parts linked together to provide for angular and longitudinal adjustments. These parts comprise a bottom section 22 which is pivoted upon a shaft 23 carried by upstanding ears 24 on the base l3. The bottom section 22 has a sleeve 25 mounted thereon, the sleeve being. vertically adjustable as well as rotatable upon thesection 22. Vertical adjustment is obtained by a screw threaded partition 26 in 7 be turnedon the section22 to provide for angular adjustment. Then when the bolt is tightened the adjustmentwill be maintained.

' The member 25 has a laterally extending arm 34 to which an upwardly projecting tubular stem 35 is fastened by means of a pin'36; On the stem 35 a sleeve 31 is rotatably mounted. This sleeve, like the member .25, is split through the greater part of its length and can be clamped in place by means of a bolt 38'that extends through ears 39 provided on the sleeve 31. The sleeve 31 has a horizontally extending arm 40 which carries at its outer end another sleeve 4|. The sleeve 4| has fixed therein an upwardly extending sleeve 42 on which a chuck head mounting bracket 43 is clamped. The bracket 43 is split in the same manner as the sleeve 31, so that it can be clamped to the upper end of the sleeve 42. The chuck head I i has a depending bracket 44 which overlaps the bracket 43 and-is secured thereto by a bolt 45 which acts as a pivot upon which the chuck head may be adjusted. The bracket 44 has an elongated slot 46 through which a bolt 4'! extends to clamp the head I in position.

The chuck head comprises a tubular casting 48 having an enlarged gear housing portion 49 at one end. On the casting 48 there is mounted a motor support 50 comprising a lower plate 5| fastened directly to the casting and an upper plate 52 which carries a motor 53. The upper plate is pivoted to the lower plate by a shaft 54 and is adjustable about the shaft 54 by means of an eye bolt 55 which is pivoted on the lower plate 5| and the adjusting nuts 56 and 5! on opposite sides of the plate 52. The casting 48 has

ball bearings

58 and 59 supporting-a hollow shaft 60.

The shaft 50 is held against endwise movement in one direction in the casting 48 by an end plate 6|, the bearing 58 and a collar 62. The bearing 59 and a nut 63 screw threaded on the shaft 63 stood. At the other end of; the shaft a worm 7 gear 65 is keyedf to the shaft and meshes with a worm 66 that is journalled'in the housing 49; Theworm 66 projects from the housing and is provided with a pulley 61 which is connected to a pulley 68 on the motor 53 by means of a belt 69. An end plate 10 covers the outer end of the housing 49.

Means are provided for actuating the chuck 0 from a source of fluid pressure which also moves the chuck into operative position with respect to the finishingwheel. The chuck H] has radially movable portions only one of which is shown in elevation in Fig. 2. These radially movable portions are adaptedto move out into engagement with the work 2 To move the portions 1| bell crank levers 12 are provided, these levers being pivoted upon pins 13 in the rim of the chuck l0. groove 15 of an axially movable chuck setting member 16. The member 16 has a stem 11 on which it is screw threaded, and this stem extends into the portion 64 of the shaft 60. The stem 11 has a reduced portion 18 and a set screw 19 extends into the passage through the shaft 60 to limit the movement of the stem 11.

The member 16 is shown in released position in order to advance it to cause the chuck to grasp a work piece 2|. I provide a piston rod 80 which extends through the shaft 60 and is adapted to engage the stem 11. A suitable ball bearing 8| is provided between the stem 11 and-the rod 80. The rod 80 extends into a cylinder 82 which is mounted on the end plate I0. A piston 83 is mounted on the end of the rod 80 within the cylinder 82. The cylinder 82 comprises an end plate 84 fitting against the end plate 10 and provided with a stufiing box 85 for .thepiston rod 80, a

second end plate 86 and a tubular cylinder 81. The

end plates

84 and 86 are provided with air inlets 88 and 89, so that air under pressure may be admitted to either side of the piston 83. Bolts 99 mount the entire cylinder assembly 82 upon the end plate 19.

In certain types of work, particularly in the polishing of the interior of hollow vessels, it is desirable to have a device of this character wherein the work, after being mounted on the chuck, can be advanced axially of the finishing wheel until the wheel is brought inside the hollow article. In this position it is then necessary to move the work against the wheel with the necessary pressure. In Figs. 2 and 3 of the drawings there is illustrated a modification of the present device particularly adapted for this purpose. It will be understood that the chuck arm 44 illustrated in Figs. 2 and. 3 carries the chuck mechanism shown in Fig. 1 and a suitable chuck for gripping hollow articles. The structure of the member 43 and its connection to the chuck arm 44 remains the same in the modification as in the main form of the device which is described. The member 43 is supported upon a stem 9| which is fixed upon a shaft 92. The shaft 92 is journalled in two spaced standards 93 and 94 which are mounted upon a horizontally moving table 95. The stem 9| has an arm 96 fixed thereto. The table has a bracket 91 extending in the same plane as the arm 96, the bracket 91 being turned down and then outwardly to provide a support for an air cylinder 98. The air cylinder 98 is shown as pivoted by a pin 99 to the end of i the arm 96 and as having a piston I99 therein,

the piston rod I9I of which is pivoted by a pin I92 to the bracket 91. It is evident that by applying air against the piston I99 the arm 96 can be moved up or down to force a chuck carried by the member 43 to move its work into and out of engagement with a finishing wheel.

In order to move the chuck head to the finishing wheel so that a hollow article held by the chuck will go over the wheel, means are provided whereby the table 95 is shifted axially of the finishing wheel and at right angles to the plane of movement of the arm 96. A base I93 carries a vertically adjustable stem I94. The stem I94 may desirably comprise a screw threaded tubular sleeve which threads into an adjusting wheel I95 that rests on top of the base I93. The base I93 is split, as shown at I96, and is provided with ears I91 and I98 that can be drawn together by a bolt I99 to clamp the stem I94 in place.

The stem I94 supports a casting II9. The casting II9 has a depending boss III which is mounted on pins H2 and H3 projecting from the stem I94. The casting III] has guides H4 and I I5 upon which a supporting block H6 is slidably mounted. An adjusting shaft II! is journalled in the casting H9 and threaded through a depending lug II8 on the block I I6.

The .block II6 has means thereon for supporting the table 95 for endwise movement. This means comprises a frame I29 which is bolted to the block II 6 by two L-shaped standards H9. The frame I29 carries four rollers I2I. These four rollers in turn carry the table 95. The table 95 has bearing surfaces I22 and I23 over the rollers I2 I. Upon one side of the table 95 a bar I24 is fastened to provide a bearing surface underneath the rollers I2 I. A similar bar I25 forms a lower bearing at the other side of the table for the rollers I2I. It is understood, of course,

that there is sufiicient clearance between the upper and lower bearings to prevent any roller from engaging both bearings at the same time. The table 95 also has a guide slot I26 running lengthwise thereof and a guide bar I2! is bolted to the frame I29. a

An air cylinder I28 is also bolted to the frame I29. Air connections are provided at I29 and I39 for supplying air to either end of the cylinder I28. A piston I3I in the cylinder I28 has a piston rod I32 which is connected to a bracket I33 at one end of the table 95. By supplying air to the cylinder I28 the operator may shift the table 95 to and from the finishing wheel.

The valve arrangement by which fluid under pressure is supplied to the several cylinders is shown diagrammatically in Fig. 4. For the sake of convenience in explanation of the present system, I have shown in Fig. 4 the complete air sup. ply circuit for the double acting machine shown in Figs. 2 and 3. It will be understood, of course, that where the horizontal table 95 is not being used, the connections for the cylinder I28 would not be necessary.

Referring now to Fig. 4, air is supplied from a suitable source through a hose I34. A throttling valve I35 is provided in the hose I34, and a reducing Valve I36 is also provided in the hose I34. The air is supplied to a control valve I3'I which, as shown herein, is a four-way foot pedal operated valve. The showing of the valve I3! is diagrammatic, as will be readily understood. The particular structure of the valve may, of course,

be varied and no claim is made to any structural features of the valve used.

The valve I31 has one port I38 connected to the supply hose I34. It has another port I39 connected by hose I49 direct to the advancing side of the piston 83 in the chucking cylinder 82. The port I39 is also connected by a hose I49a to the advancing side of the piston I3I in the table advancing cylinder I28. This connection, however, is through a spring loaded relief valve I4I that will not open until the piston'83'is moved and pressure builds up in the hose I49. As shown, the valve is arranged so that when a foot lever I42 is depressed, air connections are established between the ports I38 and I39.

Exhaust ports are provided at I43 and I44 for exhausting air from the valve I3'I.. These exhaust ports are connected together to a discharge hose I45. A fifth port I46 leads from the valve I3! direct through a hose M1 to the pull back side of the cylinder I99.

In order to supply air pressure to the advancing side of the cylinder I99, or in the event the table is not being used to the cylinder I6, a connection is provided from the hose I49a through a spring loaded relief valve I48 to a hose I49 that leads to the advancing side of the cylinder I99. The valves MI and I48 are valves which do not open until the pressure built up in the supply line exceeds a certain value. In order to lead off the air in the hose I49 and in the cylinder I99, by-passes I59 and I59a are provided around the relief valves I 4| and I48. These by-passes are controlled by check valves I5I and I5Ia.

Air is supplied to the pull back end of the cylinder I28 from the hose I41 through a spring loaded relief valve I52. This valve is by-passed also by a connection I53 having a check valve I54 therein. Between the relief valve I 52 and the cylinder I28 a hose I55 is led off through a relief valve I56 to the release side of the piston 83 of the chuck actuating cylinder 82. The relief opens and. causes the return of the piston I3I before enough pressureis built up to open the relief valve I56. This enables the chuck to hold 1 its work until the table has returned to its original resting position. The relief valve I56 is also by-passed by a'connection I51 with a check valve I58 therein.

In order thatthe operation of the system will be fully understood, a brief description of one complete cycle of operations will be given. It will be assumed that the operator has just pressed down upon the foot lever I42 to move the valve heads I59'and I60 in the valve I31 to'the position shown in Fig. 4. Air is passed through the valve I31 from port I38 to port I39 and flows out through the hosel40. This supplies air first to the chucking cylinder 82 and then to'the table cylinder I28. The chucking cylinder being small and having a light load, it will immediately actuate the chuck to grasp the article. The table 95 will start to move toward the finishing wheel as soon as enough pressure builds up in the hose I40 to open the relief valve MI, and will continue to move until the article to be polished is brought over the wheel; When the piston I3I reaches the limit of its stroke,'pressure will build up in .the hose H011 and open' the relief valve I48. When the relief. valve I48 opens, it supplies air to' the advancing side of the cylinder I00. The pressure builds up to the desired value. This value is controlled by the reducing valve I36. The work is held against the finishing wheel until the polishingoperation is completed. It will be noted that during this time the hose I4! is connected through the ports I46 and I43 to the exhaust line I45. 7 7

When the polishing operation is completed, the

" operator takeshis foot off the lever l42 and a spring I 6I moves the valve heads I59 and I to the left to connect ports I38'and I46 and connect port I39 with exhaust port I44. The pressure on the advancing side of the piston in the cylinder I00 is immediately'released through the hose I49, by-passes I50 and I 50a and check valves I5I and I5Ia. Similarly, the pressure on the advancing sides of the pistons 83 and;I3I is released. Air pressure is supplied through the hose I41 to thepull back side of the piston" in the cylinder I00. This causes the work to be moved away from the finishing wheel'before the table 95 is moved back, and before the chuck operating cylinder is caused to release the chuck. When the piston in the cylinder I00'has completed its travel, pressure builds up to open the relief valve I52 and admit'air to the pull back end of'the cylinder I28. The piston I 3I is moved to the right,as shown in Fig. 4, to the end of its stroke,

' thus withdrawing the work from over the finishing wheel. The pressure then builds up in the hose I55 and opens the relief valve I56 to supply air to the pull back side of the piston 83 in the chucking cylinder 82,'and return the piston to chuck releasing position. This returns the parts to their original positions, ready for another cycle,

In Figs. 5, 6 and 7 I'have shown a slightly different form of chuck arrangement on the chuck head II. This is a hand. chucking device by i which a plurality of parts such as are indicated at I62 may be polished. As an example of the i directly to the stem .60 of the chuck head II.

A plurality of article holding plates I are fastened to the end plates I63 and I64 by screws;

such as are shown at I66. These plates I65 have seats for the articles I62 and in the present instance each plate has an aperture I6'I through which a portion of the article I62 extends. With the sole plates of the irons, this portion is shown as the screw threaded bosses which are provided] for mounting the sole plates. A clamping bar 168, is provided for each article. This clampingbar is pivoted in the end plates I63 and I64 so as to swing against the projecting portion ofthe article and clamp it against a side edge ofthe opening I6'I. To effect the clamping action a cam shaft I69 is mounted back of the bar I68, the shaft having its bearings in the end plates I63 and I64; Clamping handles I70 are provided for the cam shafts I69.

Owing to the nature of the control by which the chuck head is moved to bring the work against the finishing wheel, the entire chuck head can move toward and away from the wheel as the chuck is rotated. by the motor 53. Articlesof irregular contour can thus be finished with the Articles of irregular contour canbe mounted on the chuck head by means of a suitable chuck. They will follow the wheel at all times. This is because the chuck is yieldingly pressed against the wheel by the air pressure in the. pressure cylinder I 6. If the Wheel is riding on a high part of the article, the chuck is. pushed back against the air pressure in the cylinder I6, but when the high part of the article moves past the Wheel the air pressure advances the chuck to maintain the pressure of the article against thewheel.

It is not necessary to remove the chuck from the Wheel to change articles. This will be evident from a studyof Figs. 5, 6 and 7. It is obvious that While one sole plate on the chuck is being held against the wheel the opposite sole plate can be'removed and replaced without stopping the chuck. The speed of rotation of the chuck is, of course, very slow. For example, in the form shown,-it is about 1 R. P. 'M. The polishing of articles on a multiple chuck therefore canbe continuous insofar as theoperation of the finishing wheel and maintenance of an article against it are-concerned.

From the foregoing description it is believed that the features and advantages of the present invention will be readily'apparent to those skilled in this art. Having thus described myinvention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

'1. In a surface finishing machine, a work holding chuck, a finishing wheel, a swinging supporting head for said chuck, a stem carrying said head, and a base, said stem being pivoted on the base, and control means adapted to move the chuck head to bring the work against the finishing wheel and hold it against the wheel, said'control means comprising a cylinder, a piston therein having a piston rod projecting from the cylinder, an arm on the stem, said cylinder and piston rod being interposed between the arm and said base, and means to direct fluid under pressure to either side of the piston in said cylinder. I

2. In a surface finishing machine for impart ing a finish to the surface of articles bypressing them against a rapidly moving finishing member, a pivoted chuck head having a mechanism thereon to turn the articles to bring different parts into engagement with said member, and

fluid pressure operated means operatively connected to said chuck head to swing the articles to and from the member and press the articles carried thereby against said member.

3. In a surface finishing machine for imparting a finish to the surface of articles by pressing them against a rapidly moving finishing member, a pivoted chuck head having a mechanism thereon to turn the articles to bring different parts into engagement with said member, and fluid pressure operated means operatively connected to said chuck head to swing the articles to and from the member and press the articles carried thereby against said member, said fluid pressure operated means comprising an arm for moving said head and a cylinder and piston for actuating the arm.

4. In a surface finishing machine for imparting a finish to the surface of articles by pressing them against a rapidly moving finishing member, a pivoted chuck head having a mechanism thereon to turn the articles to bring different parts into engagement with said member, and fluid pressure operated means operatively connected to said chuck head to swing the articles to and from the member and press the articles carried thereby against said member, said fluid pressure operated means comprising a support carrying said head, a bracket on said support, an arm connected to said head for moving it, and a fluid cylinder and piston interposed between the arm and bracket.

5. In a surface finishing machine for imparting a finish to the surface of articles by pressing them against a rapidly moving finishing member, a pivoted chuck head having a mechanism thereon to turn the articles to bring different parts into engagement with said member, and fluid pressure operated means operatively connected to said chuck head to swing the articles to and from the member and press the articles carried thereby against said member, said fluid pressure operated means comprising a support carrying said head, a frame movably mounting the support, a fluid piston and cylinder on said frame for moving the support, a bracket on said support, an arm connected to said head for moving it, and a fluid cylinder and piston interposed between the arm and bracket.

6. In a surface finishing machine for imparting a finish to the surface of articles by pressing them against a rapidly moving finishing member, a pivoted chuck head having a mechanism thereon to turn the articles to bring different parts into engagement with said member, and fluid pressure operated means operatively connected to said chuck head to swing the articles to and from the member and press the articles carried thereby against said member, said fluid pressure operated means comprising a support carrying said head, a frame movably mounting the support, a fluid, piston and cylinder on said frame for moving the support, a bracket on said support, an arm connected to said head for moving it, and a fluid cylinder and piston interposed between the arm and bracket, and a control valve system connected with said cylinders for operating them in a predetermined sequence.

'7. In a surface finishing machine for imparting a finish to the surface of articles by pressing them against a rapidly moving finishing member, a pivoted chuck head having a mechanism thereon to turn the articles to bring different parts into engagement with said member, and fluid pressure operated means operatively connected to said chuck head to swing the articles to and from the member and press the articles carried thereby against said member, said chuck head including a chuck having separate seats thereon to hold a plurality of articles in circumferentially spaced relation thereon and means individual to each seat for holding the articles whereby one article may be replaced while another is being finished.

8. In a surface finishing machine for imparting a finish to the surface of articles by pressing them against a rapidly moving finishing member, a pivoted chuck head having a mechanism thereon to turn the articles to bring different parts into engagement with said member, and fluid pressure operated means operatively connected to said chuck head to swing the articles to and from the member and press the articles carried thereby against said member, said fluid pressure operated means comprising an arm for moving said head and a cylinder and piston for actuating the arm, said chuck head including an article clamping chuck and a fluid pressure cylinder and piston actuating said chuck.

9. In a surface finishing machine for imparting a finish to the surface of articles by pressing them against a rapidly moving finishing member, a pivoted chuck head having a mechanism thereon to turn the articles to bring different parts into engagement with said member, and fluid pressure operated means operatively connected to said chuck head to swing the articles to and from the member and press the articles carried thereby against said member, said fluid pressure operated means comprising an arm for moving said head and a cylinder and piston for actuating the arm, said chuck head including an article clamping chuck and a fluid pressure cylinder and piston actuating said chuck, and a control valve system connected with said cylinders for operating them in a predetermined sequence.

10. In a surface finishing machine for imparting a finish to the surface of articles by pressing them against a rapidly moving finishing member, a pivoted chuck head having a mechanism thereon to turn the articles to bring different parts into engagement with said member, and fluid pressure operated means operatively connected to said chuck head to swing the articles to and from the member and press the articles carried thereby against said member, said fluid pressure operated means comprising a support carrying said head, a frame movably mounting the support, a fluid piston and cylinder on said frame for moving the support, a bracket on said support, an arm connected to said head for moving it, and a fluid cylinder and piston interposed between the arm and bracket, said chuck head including an article clamping chuck and a fluid pressure cylinder and piston actuating said chuck, and a control valve system connected with said cylinders for operating them in a predetermined sequence.

BYRON F. BOWER.