US2159251A - Refrigeration method and apparatus - Google Patents

Refrigeration method and apparatus Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2159251A
US2159251A US110870A US11087036A US2159251A US 2159251 A US2159251 A US 2159251A US 110870 A US110870 A US 110870A US 11087036 A US11087036 A US 11087036A US 2159251 A US2159251 A US 2159251A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
liquid
refrigerant
vapor
evaporator
condenser
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US110870A
Inventor
Robert T Brizzolara
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US110870A priority Critical patent/US2159251A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2159251A publication Critical patent/US2159251A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/02Evaporators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/02Details of evaporators
    • F25B2339/024Evaporators with refrigerant in a vessel in which is situated a heat exchanger
    • F25B2339/0242Evaporators with refrigerant in a vessel in which is situated a heat exchanger having tubular elements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2341/00Details of ejectors not being used as compression device; Details of flow restrictors or expansion valves
    • F25B2341/001Ejectors not being used as compression device
    • F25B2341/0012Ejectors with the cooled primary flow at high pressure
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2341/00Details of ejectors not being used as compression device; Details of flow restrictors or expansion valves
    • F25B2341/001Ejectors not being used as compression device
    • F25B2341/0015Ejectors not being used as compression device using two or more ejectors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/07Details of compressors or related parts
    • F25B2400/075Details of compressors or related parts with parallel compressors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S62/00Refrigeration
    • Y10S62/02Refrigerant pumps

Definitions

  • This invention relates to refrigeration methods and apparatus, and relates more particularly to methods and apparatus for the spraying of liquid refrigerant within the evaporators of refrigerating systems.
  • refrigerant relatively small quantities are required for a given refrigerating effect, and this is accomplished by spraying the liquid refrigerant into the evaporators of refrigerating systems.
  • the liquid refrigerant By spraying the liquid upon the inner or outer surface of the evaporators, the surface is continuously kept wetted as the refrigerant is evaporated by the heat applied upon the opposite surface of the evaporators.
  • the spraying of the refrigerant also wipes away as fast 0 as it forms, the vapor upon the evaporating surface of the evaporators.
  • a feature of the invention resides in its usefulness with those refrigerants that are miscible in oil.
  • it has been a problem to get the oil from the evaporators back to the compressor, but according to the prgent inyention, any oil in the refrigerant is kept in a fog-like state of suspension with the refrigerant, and in this form can readily be sucked back to the compressor without dimculty or danger since it is finely atomized.
  • An object of the invention is to provide'in a refrigerating system, an efficient evaporator arrangement in which the liquid is sprayed upon the inner surface of the evaporators.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide methods and apparatus for efficiently and effectively spraying the inner or outer surface according to the design of the evaporators with refrigerant.
  • Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view of a refrigerating system according to this invention
  • Fig. 2 is a view in section of an atomizing device, arranged to discharge within an evaporator, according to this invention
  • Fig. 3 is a view partially in section of an evaporator With horizontal tubes which may be used to replace the evaporator with the vertical tubes of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 is a sectional view of an atomizing device 10 for use with the evaporators of Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic view of a refrigerating system according to this invention similar to that of Fig. 1 except that the liquid is forced into the atomizing nozzles by positive pressure
  • Fig. 6 is a sectional view of an atomizing nozzle particularly suitable for use with the evaporator of Fig. 5.
  • the compressor Ill which may be of any well known type, reciprocat- 0 ing or centrifugal, compresses a refrigerant vapor which may be ammonia or any other known refrigerant, and supplies it to the condenser ll which may be of the usual type, in which condenser the vapor is converted to a liquid which 5 ultimately passes through the expansion valve l2 and then following a reduction in pressure in the expansion valve, passes into the evaporator 3.
  • the evaporated refrigerant vapor leaving the evaporator passes through the tube H to the 30 suction side of the compressor In.
  • the usual accumulator l5 and trap l6 may be provided.
  • each of the evaporator tubes I! has associated with it, the spray device or nozzle 18.
  • the refrigerant enter- 35 ing the evaporator accumulates as liquid in the lower header IS.
  • this gas or vapor is preferably bled oif from the compressor I0 before the vapor therein reaches the condenser pressure, or the vapor at the same or a higher pressure may be supplied from an auxiliary compressor 22 which may be provided for the purpose of supplying this 50 vapor to the nozzles.
  • the gas cooler 23 may be provided for cooling the vapor before it is supplied to the nozzles.
  • expands upon being (115- charged from the nozzles, and inspirates by well supply of refrigerant in the lower header I9 is augmented by a refrigerant supplied from the condenser equal to the amount evaporated through any well known type of liquid receiver.
  • the expansion valve I! may be omitted and that the usual high pressure and low pressure floats may be provided to serve as expansion valves and for maintaining the is provided with its own spray nozzle.
  • evaporators In the form of evaporators shown by Fig. 1, the tubes are arranged vertically, and each tube This form of evaporator may be replaced with the form of shell and tube evaporator shown by Fig. 3, where the exterior surface of one or more intermediate evaporator tubes 24 is sprayed from above with refrigerant in one direction, while the outer surface of the evaporator tubes 25 placed on either side is sprayed with the refrigerant in the opposite direction.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates the nozzles 26 which may be used with this-form of evaporator, the liquid entering through the tube 21 under the action of the vapor supplied through the tubes 28.
  • a sump 29 is provided in the bottom of theevaporator and the liquid is supplied through the tube 30 and the vapor is returned to the suction side of the compressor through the tube 3
  • the liquid or gas to be cooled circulates through the heads and tubes.
  • the refrigerant wets the external surfaces of these tubes.
  • 'A modification of this same type of cooler circulates the agent to be cooled through the shell from top to bottom or end to end. In this modification, the refrigerant is sprayed through the tubes and heads.
  • the embodiment of the invention shown by Fig. 5 is similar to that shown by Fig. 1, except that the liquid refrigerant, instead of being supplied by the injector eifect of the vapor supplied to the nozzles, is forced into the nozzles by the pump 35, which draws liquid through the pipe from the lower header l3 and forces it through the pipe 31 into each of the nozzles 38, which are shown in' detail by Fig. 6. Except for the addition of the pump described above, and the modification of the nozzles, the embodiment illustrated by Fig. 1 is the same as that illustrated by Fig. 5, and hence the corresponding devices of Figs. 1 and 5 have been given the same reference characters.
  • Figs. 5 and 6 serves only however, to atomize the liquid refrigerant and does not serve as illustrated by Figs. 1 and 2 to induce the flow of refrigerant into the nozzles.
  • This, in the embodiment illustrated by Figs. 5 and 6, is accomplished by. the positive pressure of the pump Ii.
  • the spray nozzles can be removed further away from the source of the liquid supply or sump; heavier refrigerants and oil loaded refrigerants can be more effectively sprayed on the surface of the evaporators, and the vapor formed by evaporation can be more effectively removed.
  • a pump such as shown by Fig. 5 could be used with the form of evaporator shown by Fig. 3. It is also believed to be obvious that more or less nozzles than are illustrated may be used. If desired, nozzles may be placed in each end of each evaporator tube, the nozzles spraying towards each other, likewise each evaporator tube could be provided at its center with nozzles spraying in both directions.
  • vapor supplied to the nozzles for inducing the flow of refrigerant and for vaporizing same in the embodiments shown by Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive, or for merely atomizing the refrigerant as shown by embodiments illustrated by Figs. 5 and 6, may be bled off from the compressor at any point during compression and which supplies the refrigerant for the condenser and subsequently for evaporation or may be wholly supplied by a separate compressor, all of which compressors may be of the centrifugal, reciprocating, rotary, or any other type.
  • an auxiliary compressor may be used to augment the supply of vapor from a main compressor to the spray nozzles.
  • other forms of atomizing devices than those illustrated may be used, such devices having reached a high state of development in their individual field, and the spray form, shape, direction and density may be controlled as desired.
  • the nozzles may be supported in any suitable manner in association with the evaporator tubes, and made accessible for ready removal.
  • strainers or filters at the points where liquid refrigerant in the sump enters tubes for distribution by the nozzles may be furnished to eliminate possibilities of clogging by foreign materials.
  • the method in refrigeration which comprises spraying liquid refrigerant on to the surface of an evaporator, and utilizing compressed refrigerant vapor to atomize the liquid which is being sprayed.
  • the method in refrigeration which comprises compressing a refrigerant vapor, condensing a portion of the vapor to a liquid, spraying the liquid upon a surface of an evaporator, and utilizing non-condensed refrigerant vapor to atomize the liquid which is being sprayed.
  • Refrigeration apparatus comprising in combination, means for compressing refrigerant vapor, a condenser, an evaporator, atomizing means arranged to discharge upon the evaporating surface of said evaporator, means for passing refrigerant from said first mentioned meansto said condenser, means for passing liquid refrigerant from said condenser to said atomizing bination, a compressor, a condenser connected to said compressor, an evaporator tube, an atomizing nozzle arranged to discharge a spray of liquid refrigerant upon the evaporating surface of said tube, means for conveying liquid from said condenser to said nozzle, and means for supplying compressed refrigerant vapor to said nozzle to atomize said liquid.
  • Refrigeration apparatus comprising in combination, a compressor, a condenser connected to said compressor, means forming a liquid sump, connected to said condenser, an evaporator tube, an atomizing nozzle arranged to discharge a spray of liquid refrigerant upon the evaporating surface of said tube, means for conveying liquid from said sump to said nozzle, and means for supplying compressed refrigerant vapor to said nozzle to atomize said liquid. 6.
  • Refrigeration apparatus comprising in combination, refrigerant compressor means, a condenser connected to said means, an evaporator, a spray nozzle arranged to discharge a spray of liquid refrigerant upon the evaporating surface of said evaporator, means for conveying liquid from said condenser to said nozzle, and means for supplying compressed refrigerant vapor from said compressor means in a course by-passing said condenser, to said nozzle'for aiding in atomizing said liquid.
  • Refrigeration apparatus comprising in combination, refrigerant compressor means, a condenser connected to said means, means forming a liquid sump, connected to said condenser, an evaporator, a spray nozzle arranged to discharge a spray of liquid refrigerant upon the evaporating surface of said evaporator, means for conveying liquid from said sump to said nozzle, and means for supplying compressed refrigerant vapor from said compressor means, in a course by-passing said condenser, to said nozzle for aiding in atomizing said liquid.
  • Refrigeration apparatus comprising in combination, means for compressing refrigerant vapor to condenser pressure, a condenser connected to said means for liquefying compressed vapor, an evaporator tube, means for bleeding off a portion of said vapor before it reaches condenser pressure, and means for projecting liquid from said condenser and said bled ofi vapor in a spray upon the evaporating surface of said tube.
  • the method in refrigeration which comprises compressing a refrigerant vapor, condensing a portion of the vapor to a liquid, and utilizing the non-condensed portion of the refrigerant vapor to spray the liquid upon a surface of an evaporator and to atomize the liquid which is being sprayed.
  • Refrigeration apparatus comprising in combination, means for compressing refrigerant vapor, a condenser for liquefying a portion of the compressed vapor, an evaporator, atomizing means arranged for projecting a blast of com pressed vapor and liquid droplets upon an evaporating surface of said tube, means for pumping liquid from said condenser to said atomizing means, and means for supplying non-condensed vapor from said first mentioned means to said atomizing means.
  • Refrigeration apparatus comprising in combination, means for compressing refrigerant vapor, a condenser for liquefying a portion of the compressed vapor, an evaporator, atomizing means arranged for projecting a blast of compressed vapor and liquid droplets upon an evaporating surface of said tube, means forming a liquid sump for receiving liquid from Said condenser, and means for supplying non-condensed vapor to said atomizing means for drawing liquid from said sump and for spraying it upon a surface of said evaporator.

Description

May 23, 1939. R. T. BRIZZOLARA 2,159,251
REFRIGERATION METHOD AND APPARATUS Filed Nov. 14, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet l Confiezsso:
i7 .17 l 10 AS ComP- Gnome zssson 23 H CONDENSER.
17712821502 fioeevzr' 7 5212201452 26 u 6 40a :7 w
y afitormag Patented May 23, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 12 Claims.
This invention relates to refrigeration methods and apparatus, and relates more particularly to methods and apparatus for the spraying of liquid refrigerant within the evaporators of refrigerating systems.
In refrigerating systems in common use, it is the practice to use relatively large quantities of refrigerant for each unit for a given refrigerating effect. This, because it is the practice to flood the evaporators completely, thus requiring heavy charges of refrigerants to make the cooling sur-.
faces effective, and such systems have not only the risk of sucking over some of the refrigerant liquid into the vapor compressors, but it is necessary to overcome with the suction pressure, the liquid head trying to hold the generated vapors on the evaporator surfaces. Vapor bubbles formed on these tubes tend to adhere and thus destroy the surface effectiveness.
According to this invention, relatively small quantities of refrigerant are required for a given refrigerating effect, and this is accomplished by spraying the liquid refrigerant into the evaporators of refrigerating systems. By spraying the liquid upon the inner or outer surface of the evaporators, the surface is continuously kept wetted as the refrigerant is evaporated by the heat applied upon the opposite surface of the evaporators. The spraying of the refrigerant also wipes away as fast 0 as it forms, the vapor upon the evaporating surface of the evaporators.
A feature of the invention resides in its usefulness with those refrigerants that are miscible in oil. In the past, it has been a problem to get the oil from the evaporators back to the compressor, but according to the prgent inyention, any oil in the refrigerant is kept in a fog-like state of suspension with the refrigerant, and in this form can readily be sucked back to the compressor without dimculty or danger since it is finely atomized.
An object of the invention is to provide'in a refrigerating system, an efficient evaporator arrangement in which the liquid is sprayed upon the inner surface of the evaporators.
Another object of the invention is to provide methods and apparatus for efficiently and effectively spraying the inner or outer surface according to the design of the evaporators with refrigerant.
, Other objects of the invention will be apparent from the following description, taken together with the drawings.
The invention will now be described with reference to the drawings of which:
Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view of a refrigerating system according to this invention;
Fig. 2 is a view in section of an atomizing device, arranged to discharge within an evaporator, according to this invention; 5
Fig. 3 is a view partially in section of an evaporator With horizontal tubes which may be used to replace the evaporator with the vertical tubes of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is a sectional view of an atomizing device 10 for use with the evaporators of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic view of a refrigerating system according to this invention similar to that of Fig. 1 except that the liquid is forced into the atomizing nozzles by positive pressure, and 15 Fig. 6 is a sectional view of an atomizing nozzle particularly suitable for use with the evaporator of Fig. 5.
With reference to Fig. 1, the compressor Ill which may be of any well known type, reciprocat- 0 ing or centrifugal, compresses a refrigerant vapor which may be ammonia or any other known refrigerant, and supplies it to the condenser ll which may be of the usual type, in which condenser the vapor is converted to a liquid which 5 ultimately passes through the expansion valve l2 and then following a reduction in pressure in the expansion valve, passes into the evaporator 3. The evaporated refrigerant vapor leaving the evaporator passes through the tube H to the 30 suction side of the compressor In. The usual accumulator l5 and trap l6 may be provided.
According to a feature of the invention, each of the evaporator tubes I! has associated with it, the spray device or nozzle 18. The refrigerant enter- 35 ing the evaporator accumulates as liquid in the lower header IS. A tube 20 having its lower end below the level of the liquid in the lower header, enters the lower portion of each nozzle [8 and terminates as shown by Fig. 2 just short of the upper tip of the nozzle. Gas or vapor from any suitable source is supplied through a pipe 2|, to each of the nozzles. In the embodiment of the invention illustrated, this gas or vapor is preferably bled oif from the compressor I0 before the vapor therein reaches the condenser pressure, or the vapor at the same or a higher pressure may be supplied from an auxiliary compressor 22 which may be provided for the purpose of supplying this 50 vapor to the nozzles. Where required, the gas cooler 23 may be provided for cooling the vapor before it is supplied to the nozzles.
The compressed vapor entering the nozzles through the pipes 2| expands upon being (115- charged from the nozzles, and inspirates by well supply of refrigerant in the lower header I9 is augmented by a refrigerant supplied from the condenser equal to the amount evaporated through any well known type of liquid receiver. It is obvious, of course, that the expansion valve I! may be omitted and that the usual high pressure and low pressure floats may be provided to serve as expansion valves and for maintaining the is provided with its own spray nozzle.
desired liquid levels in the liquid receiver or condenser. and in the lower header l9 serving in this case, as a liquid sump.
In the form of evaporators shown by Fig. 1, the tubes are arranged vertically, and each tube This form of evaporator may be replaced with the form of shell and tube evaporator shown by Fig. 3, where the exterior surface of one or more intermediate evaporator tubes 24 is sprayed from above with refrigerant in one direction, while the outer surface of the evaporator tubes 25 placed on either side is sprayed with the refrigerant in the opposite direction. Fig. 4 illustrates the nozzles 26 which may be used with this-form of evaporator, the liquid entering through the tube 21 under the action of the vapor supplied through the tubes 28. A sump 29 is provided in the bottom of theevaporator and the liquid is supplied through the tube 30 and the vapor is returned to the suction side of the compressor through the tube 3|. In this form of evaporator, the liquid or gas to be cooled circulates through the heads and tubes. The refrigerant wets the external surfaces of these tubes. 'A modification of this same type of cooler circulates the agent to be cooled through the shell from top to bottom or end to end. In this modification, the refrigerant is sprayed through the tubes and heads.
The embodiment of the invention shown by Fig. 5 is similar to that shown by Fig. 1, except that the liquid refrigerant, instead of being supplied by the injector eifect of the vapor supplied to the nozzles, is forced into the nozzles by the pump 35, which draws liquid through the pipe from the lower header l3 and forces it through the pipe 31 into each of the nozzles 38, which are shown in' detail by Fig. 6. Except for the addition of the pump described above, and the modification of the nozzles, the embodiment illustrated by Fig. 1 is the same as that illustrated by Fig. 5, and hence the corresponding devices of Figs. 1 and 5 have been given the same reference characters. The gas or vapor entering the nozzles II of Figs. 5 and 6 serves only however, to atomize the liquid refrigerant and does not serve as illustrated by Figs. 1 and 2 to induce the flow of refrigerant into the nozzles. This, in the embodiment illustrated by Figs. 5 and 6, is accomplished by. the positive pressure of the pump Ii. By pumping the refrigerant into the individual spray nozzles ll, the spray nozzles can be removed further away from the source of the liquid supply or sump; heavier refrigerants and oil loaded refrigerants can be more effectively sprayed on the surface of the evaporators, and the vapor formed by evaporation can be more effectively removed.
It is obvious, of course, that a pump such as shown by Fig. 5 could be used with the form of evaporator shown by Fig. 3. It is also believed to be obvious that more or less nozzles than are illustrated may be used. If desired, nozzles may be placed in each end of each evaporator tube, the nozzles spraying towards each other, likewise each evaporator tube could be provided at its center with nozzles spraying in both directions.
It is also believed to be apparent that vapor supplied to the nozzles for inducing the flow of refrigerant and for vaporizing same in the embodiments shown by Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive, or for merely atomizing the refrigerant as shown by embodiments illustrated by Figs. 5 and 6, may be bled off from the compressor at any point during compression and which supplies the refrigerant for the condenser and subsequently for evaporation or may be wholly supplied by a separate compressor, all of which compressors may be of the centrifugal, reciprocating, rotary, or any other type. Likewise, an auxiliary compressor may be used to augment the supply of vapor from a main compressor to the spray nozzles. Likewise, other forms of atomizing devices than those illustrated may be used, such devices having reached a high state of development in their individual field, and the spray form, shape, direction and density may be controlled as desired.
The nozzles may be supported in any suitable manner in association with the evaporator tubes, and made accessible for ready removal.
It is also believed to be apparent that the introduction of strainers or filters at the points where liquid refrigerant in the sump enters tubes for distribution by the nozzles may be furnished to eliminate possibilities of clogging by foreign materials.
While, several embodiments of the invention.
have been described for the purpose of illustration, it should be understood that the invention not be limited to the precise arrangements described, since many departures may be suggested by those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit of the invention.
What is claimed is:
l. The method in refrigeration which comprises spraying liquid refrigerant on to the surface of an evaporator, and utilizing compressed refrigerant vapor to atomize the liquid which is being sprayed. i
2. The method in refrigeration which comprises compressing a refrigerant vapor, condensing a portion of the vapor to a liquid, spraying the liquid upon a surface of an evaporator, and utilizing non-condensed refrigerant vapor to atomize the liquid which is being sprayed.
3. Refrigeration apparatus comprising in combination, means for compressing refrigerant vapor, a condenser, an evaporator, atomizing means arranged to discharge upon the evaporating surface of said evaporator, means for passing refrigerant from said first mentioned meansto said condenser, means for passing liquid refrigerant from said condenser to said atomizing bination, a compressor, a condenser connected to said compressor, an evaporator tube, an atomizing nozzle arranged to discharge a spray of liquid refrigerant upon the evaporating surface of said tube, means for conveying liquid from said condenser to said nozzle, and means for supplying compressed refrigerant vapor to said nozzle to atomize said liquid.
5. Refrigeration apparatus comprising in combination, a compressor, a condenser connected to said compressor, means forming a liquid sump, connected to said condenser, an evaporator tube, an atomizing nozzle arranged to discharge a spray of liquid refrigerant upon the evaporating surface of said tube, means for conveying liquid from said sump to said nozzle, and means for supplying compressed refrigerant vapor to said nozzle to atomize said liquid. 6. Refrigeration apparatuscomprising in combination, refrigerant compressor means, a condenser connected to said means, an evaporator, a spray nozzle arranged to discharge a spray of liquid refrigerant upon the evaporating surface of said evaporator, means for conveying liquid from said condenser to said nozzle, and means for supplying compressed refrigerant vapor from said compressor means in a course by-passing said condenser, to said nozzle'for aiding in atomizing said liquid.
7. Refrigeration apparatus comprising in combination, refrigerant compressor means, a condenser connected to said means, means forming a liquid sump, connected to said condenser, an evaporator, a spray nozzle arranged to discharge a spray of liquid refrigerant upon the evaporating surface of said evaporator, means for conveying liquid from said sump to said nozzle, and means for supplying compressed refrigerant vapor from said compressor means, in a course by-passing said condenser, to said nozzle for aiding in atomizing said liquid.
8. The method inrefrigeration which which comprises compressing a. refrigerant vapor, bleeding off a portion of the vapor before it reaches condenser pressure, condensing the other portion of the vapor to a liquid, projecting the liquid upon a surface of an evaporator, and utilizing the bled off vapor to atomize the liquid which is being projected.
9. Refrigeration apparatus comprising in combination, means for compressing refrigerant vapor to condenser pressure, a condenser connected to said means for liquefying compressed vapor, an evaporator tube, means for bleeding off a portion of said vapor before it reaches condenser pressure, and means for projecting liquid from said condenser and said bled ofi vapor in a spray upon the evaporating surface of said tube.
10. The method in refrigeration which comprises compressing a refrigerant vapor, condensing a portion of the vapor to a liquid, and utilizing the non-condensed portion of the refrigerant vapor to spray the liquid upon a surface of an evaporator and to atomize the liquid which is being sprayed.
11. Refrigeration apparatus comprising in combination, means for compressing refrigerant vapor, a condenser for liquefying a portion of the compressed vapor, an evaporator, atomizing means arranged for projecting a blast of com pressed vapor and liquid droplets upon an evaporating surface of said tube, means for pumping liquid from said condenser to said atomizing means, and means for supplying non-condensed vapor from said first mentioned means to said atomizing means.
12. Refrigeration apparatus comprising in combination, means for compressing refrigerant vapor, a condenser for liquefying a portion of the compressed vapor, an evaporator, atomizing means arranged for projecting a blast of compressed vapor and liquid droplets upon an evaporating surface of said tube, means forming a liquid sump for receiving liquid from Said condenser, and means for supplying non-condensed vapor to said atomizing means for drawing liquid from said sump and for spraying it upon a surface of said evaporator.
ROBERT T. BRIZZOLARA.
US110870A 1936-11-14 1936-11-14 Refrigeration method and apparatus Expired - Lifetime US2159251A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US110870A US2159251A (en) 1936-11-14 1936-11-14 Refrigeration method and apparatus

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US110870A US2159251A (en) 1936-11-14 1936-11-14 Refrigeration method and apparatus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2159251A true US2159251A (en) 1939-05-23

Family

ID=22335354

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US110870A Expired - Lifetime US2159251A (en) 1936-11-14 1936-11-14 Refrigeration method and apparatus

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US2159251A (en)

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2697334A (en) * 1950-12-13 1954-12-21 Standard Oil Dev Co Heat exchange system and method of operation
US2724246A (en) * 1954-04-01 1955-11-22 Charles E Lowe Method and means for improving the utilization of volatile refrigerants in heat exchangers
US2952137A (en) * 1959-01-02 1960-09-13 John E Watkins Low pressure refrigerating systems
US2988903A (en) * 1958-09-02 1961-06-20 James H Bergman Low voltage miniature freezing unit
US2991633A (en) * 1958-03-17 1961-07-11 Itt Joule-thomson effect cooling system
US3095255A (en) * 1960-04-25 1963-06-25 Carrier Corp Heat exchange apparatus of the evaporative type
US3141311A (en) * 1963-01-14 1964-07-21 Carrier Corp Refrigeration system and apparatus for operating at partial loads
FR2501348A1 (en) * 1981-03-09 1982-09-10 Stein Industrie PROCESS FOR VAPORIZING A PURE LIQUID
US4866947A (en) * 1988-11-08 1989-09-19 Thermotek, Inc. Method and apparatus for gas conditioning by low-temperature vaporization and compression of refrigerants, specifically as applied to air
US5406804A (en) * 1992-11-25 1995-04-18 Nordon Industrias Metalurgicas S/A Refrigeration device for containers for industrial use, and refrigeration process for containers for industrial use using such equipment
US5493875A (en) * 1994-08-01 1996-02-27 Kozinski; Richard C. Vehicle air conditioning system utilizing refrigerant recirculation within the evaporatorccumulator circuit
US5505060A (en) * 1994-09-23 1996-04-09 Kozinski; Richard C. Integral evaporator and suction accumulator for air conditioning system utilizing refrigerant recirculation
US20050274130A1 (en) * 2004-06-09 2005-12-15 Chen Kuo-Mei Atomized liquid jet refrigeration system
US20060053806A1 (en) * 2004-09-13 2006-03-16 Argent Marine Operations, Inc. System and process for transporting LNG by non-self-propelled marine LNG carrier
US20090038321A1 (en) * 2007-08-09 2009-02-12 Randy Lefor Method and system for improving the efficiency of a refrigeration system
US20120017624A1 (en) * 2009-01-06 2012-01-26 Danfoss Qinbao (Hangzhou) Plate Heat Exchanger Company Limited Heat exchanger, heat pump system and air conditioning system
EP2674714A1 (en) * 2012-06-14 2013-12-18 Alfa Laval Corporate AB A plate heat exchanger with injection means
EP2944827A1 (en) * 2014-05-14 2015-11-18 Danfoss A/S Ejector arrangement

Cited By (30)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2697334A (en) * 1950-12-13 1954-12-21 Standard Oil Dev Co Heat exchange system and method of operation
US2724246A (en) * 1954-04-01 1955-11-22 Charles E Lowe Method and means for improving the utilization of volatile refrigerants in heat exchangers
US2991633A (en) * 1958-03-17 1961-07-11 Itt Joule-thomson effect cooling system
US2988903A (en) * 1958-09-02 1961-06-20 James H Bergman Low voltage miniature freezing unit
US2952137A (en) * 1959-01-02 1960-09-13 John E Watkins Low pressure refrigerating systems
US3095255A (en) * 1960-04-25 1963-06-25 Carrier Corp Heat exchange apparatus of the evaporative type
US3141311A (en) * 1963-01-14 1964-07-21 Carrier Corp Refrigeration system and apparatus for operating at partial loads
FR2501348A1 (en) * 1981-03-09 1982-09-10 Stein Industrie PROCESS FOR VAPORIZING A PURE LIQUID
US4866947A (en) * 1988-11-08 1989-09-19 Thermotek, Inc. Method and apparatus for gas conditioning by low-temperature vaporization and compression of refrigerants, specifically as applied to air
EP0368371A2 (en) * 1988-11-08 1990-05-16 Thermotek Inc. Method and apparatus for gas conditioning by low-temperature vaporization and compression of refrigerants, specifically as applied to air
EP0368371A3 (en) * 1988-11-08 1991-12-11 Thermotek Inc. Method and apparatus for gas conditioning by low-temperature vaporization and compression of refrigerants, specifically as applied to air
ES2088732A2 (en) * 1992-11-25 1996-08-16 Nordon Ind Metalurgicas Refrigeration device for containers for industrial use, and refrigeration process for containers for industrial use using such equipment
US5406804A (en) * 1992-11-25 1995-04-18 Nordon Industrias Metalurgicas S/A Refrigeration device for containers for industrial use, and refrigeration process for containers for industrial use using such equipment
US5493875A (en) * 1994-08-01 1996-02-27 Kozinski; Richard C. Vehicle air conditioning system utilizing refrigerant recirculation within the evaporatorccumulator circuit
US5505060A (en) * 1994-09-23 1996-04-09 Kozinski; Richard C. Integral evaporator and suction accumulator for air conditioning system utilizing refrigerant recirculation
EP0782687A1 (en) * 1994-09-23 1997-07-09 Richard C. Kozinski Integral evaporator and suction accumulator
EP0782687A4 (en) * 1994-09-23 2000-01-05 Richard C Kozinski Integral evaporator and suction accumulator
US20050274130A1 (en) * 2004-06-09 2005-12-15 Chen Kuo-Mei Atomized liquid jet refrigeration system
US7159407B2 (en) 2004-06-09 2007-01-09 Chen Kuo-Mei Atomized liquid jet refrigeration system
US8499569B2 (en) * 2004-09-13 2013-08-06 Argent Marine Management, Inc. System and process for transporting LNG by non-self-propelled marine LNG carrier
US20060053806A1 (en) * 2004-09-13 2006-03-16 Argent Marine Operations, Inc. System and process for transporting LNG by non-self-propelled marine LNG carrier
US20090038321A1 (en) * 2007-08-09 2009-02-12 Randy Lefor Method and system for improving the efficiency of a refrigeration system
US7841208B2 (en) * 2007-08-09 2010-11-30 Refrigerant Technologies, Inc. Arizona Corporation Method and system for improving the efficiency of a refrigeration system
US20120017624A1 (en) * 2009-01-06 2012-01-26 Danfoss Qinbao (Hangzhou) Plate Heat Exchanger Company Limited Heat exchanger, heat pump system and air conditioning system
US8943854B2 (en) * 2009-01-06 2015-02-03 Danfoss Qinbao (Hangzhou) Plate Heat Exchanger Company Limited Heat exchanger and air condition system
EP2674714A1 (en) * 2012-06-14 2013-12-18 Alfa Laval Corporate AB A plate heat exchanger with injection means
US10107572B2 (en) 2012-06-14 2018-10-23 Alfa Lavalcorporate Ab Plate heat exchanger
EP2944827A1 (en) * 2014-05-14 2015-11-18 Danfoss A/S Ejector arrangement
WO2015173305A1 (en) * 2014-05-14 2015-11-19 Danfoss A/S Ejector arrangement
US10253788B2 (en) 2014-05-14 2019-04-09 Danfoss A/S Ejector arrangement

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2159251A (en) Refrigeration method and apparatus
US1836318A (en) Refrigerating system
US3850009A (en) Cleaning of pressurized condensable gas
US5588596A (en) Falling film evaporator with refrigerant distribution system
US5561987A (en) Falling film evaporator with vapor-liquid separator
US2400620A (en) Purging system for refrigerating systems
US1899378A (en) Method of and apparatus for separating a liquid from other liquids
US4094168A (en) Ice making refrigeration system
US3177680A (en) Refrigeration system with oil return means
US2859596A (en) Refrigeration system
US2408480A (en) Evaporator for low-pressure refrigerants
GB1375971A (en) Vapour recovery apparatus
US2048025A (en) Refrigerating apparatus
US3199310A (en) Ejector type refrigeration system
US4895176A (en) Chloro-fluoro-carbon cleaning apparatus
US2724246A (en) Method and means for improving the utilization of volatile refrigerants in heat exchangers
US3919858A (en) Direct liquid refrigerant supply and return system
US1988549A (en) Refrigerating apparatus
US2570213A (en) Milk evaporation process and apparatus
CN106679227A (en) Spraying refrigerating circulation system with automatic oil return function
US2016056A (en) Liquid circulating system
US2817960A (en) Heat exchangers
US1944472A (en) Art of refrigeration
JPH07286766A (en) Direct contact type cooling tank equipped with refrigerant ascending flow passage
US2225491A (en) Refrigerating system