US2150866A - Anchoring device - Google Patents

Description

March 14, 1939. H. E, Snai-2V 2,150,866

ANCHORING DEVICE Filed Jan. 6, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet l @gli @5.2.

24 J0 24 v S lg I I J6 S S F J4 'l 5 g i y y 14 i) Y J/ 16 -14v i r Y a l: l l l?! INVENTDR H @J1/m E. 3kb] ATTORNEY March `14, 1939. H E. slPE ANCHORING DEVICE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filedv Jan. 6, 1937 W V .v v W .HV v v l l ITIV T5 g, w .y NW@ v 1... W WM Ww. v www A y Y \vvv I* Z ww 5 M M4 Aff/ff ATTORNEY Patente-d Mar. 14, 1939 UNITED STATES ANCHORING DEVICE Harry E. Sipe, New York, N. Y., assignor of onehalf to Nathaniel L. Foster, Montclair, N. J.

Application January 6, 1937, Serial No. 119,189

9 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in bolt anchors.

Bolt anchors are adapted to fasten bolts, studs or the like in concrete, stone, brick, tile or other masonry. Known bolt anchors usually have an expansible portion which is inserted into a hole in concrete, stone and the like around a bolt or stud and then the expansible portion is expanded to anchor or hold the bolt or stud in the concrete or stone. I have provided bolt anchors made from sheet metal which are cheaper to manufacture than known cast devices or other known devices. A sheet metal anchor made according to my invention is more easily displaced by caulking than previous solid cast anchors and causes less violence to the wall or body in which the anchor is attached and minimizes the possibility of cracking or otherwise weakening the body or wall.

In one form of my invention a sheet of lead and a sheet of a harder and more resilient metal such as copper, are rolled into cylindrical form. The layers are spirally wound to form alternate layers of lead and copper. A steel or similar washer is attached to the bottom of the cylinder. The sheets are so cut that when the cylinder is formed the central layer extends higher than the remaining layers. When the cylindrical anchor is positioned in a hole in masonry and caulked, the anchor is easily seated with the least possible disturbance of the material to which it is secured and with a minimum of friction against the side walls of the hole in the masonry during the driving of the anchor into engaged position. Instead of lead I may use other soft, iiowable metals or alloys and instead of copper I may use zinc, aluminum, soft iron, steel or similar metals or alloys.

When the anchor cylinder is caulked, the layers of the harder metal such as copper become corrugated or buckled and cause the lead or other soft metal of the soft metal layer to flow and secure the anchor to the hole in the masonry. The layer of harder metal does not change in thickness due to caulking but undergoes a change of shape, whereas the layer of lead changes in thickness and shape.

In another form of my invention the harder metal is in the form of a cylinder having a longitudinal strip cut away. This cylinder is then covered with a sheet of softer material. The cylinder of harder metal extends up above the softer material for the same purpose as described in connection with the previous form. The cylinder of harder metal is preferably corrugated when using a metal such as sheet zinc to facilitate the caulking operation.

In still another form of my invention I take a rectangular sheet or layer of lead and a rectangular sheet or layer of copper or other re- 5 silient metal, the copper having V-shaped sheared portions to form resilient tabs. 'Ihe two sheets or layers are wound together into spiral form with the copper sheet on the inner surface. A screw or bolt is placed in the bore of the spiral and the assembly is placed in a hole in masonry or the like with the bottom of the V-shaped portions pointing toward the bottom of the hole in the masonry. The assembly is then caulked and the Ycopper sheet with its V-shaped portions and the lead layer are deformed to form threads around the screw threads of the screw or bolt. This screw or bolt is removed after the anchor is caulked in place and another screw'or bolt may be screwed into the threaded socket or opening. The inner sheet is formed of a harder and more resilient metal and holds the contour of the threads and the screw or bolt will not pull out in use. The inner sheet is preferably made of copper but other similar metals or alloys may be used. Instead of the copper sheet I can use perforated copper or like metal sheets, punched sheets or semi-punched sheets, or wire screen or woven metal cloth.

I may also use my Vinvention to form means for fastening tubing to coupling members. The end of a tubing is surrounded by a sleeve formed of layers of a soft metal and a harder metal and this assembly is inserted into a tubular coupling. The laminated sleeveis caulked and forms a wedging and sealing means between the tubing and the coupling.

The spirally wound bolt anchors may be dipped and soldered or the ends may be fused to form 40 units which will retain their form and not unroll in handling. This treatment is desirable but not mandatory.

Referring now to the drawings:

Fig. l represents an elevation of one form of bolt anchor made according to my invention, and shown enlarged;

Fig. 2 represents a longitudinal cross section taken through the device shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 represents the shape of the bolt anchor after it has been caulked;

Fig. lrepresents a top plan view of the device shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5` represents a plan View of the sheets in superimposed relation before they are rolled up vinwhich sleeve anchors are used to connect the tubing to the coupling member;

'is lead.

into the form of the spiral cylinder shownV in Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 represents the first step of placing a bolt and a bolt anchor in a hole or opening Vin masonry or the like and before caulking, the bolt Vsmaller scale with a part shown in section to faf cilitate the disclosure;

Fig. 9 represents a horizontal cross section taken on line 9-9 of Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 represents a top plan View of another form of my invention showing a bolt anchor in which a layer of harder and more resilient material having V-shaped punched portions is used;

Fig. 11 represents the first step in using the bolt anchorzshown in Fig. 10 when the anchor and a bolt are placed in a holeor opening in masonry or the like;

Fig. 12 represents the shape of the cylindrical anchor after the caulking operation is completed; Fig. 13 represents a metal sheet formed with V-shaped cut. portions which is used with a lead layer to make the cylindrical anchor shown in Fig. 10;

f Figs. 14 and 15 represent sheets .of other forms of metallic material which may be used instead of the semi-punched sheet Vshown in Fig.10;

' Fig. 16 represents a coupling member for tubing Fig. 17 representsa perspective view of the sleeve used as an anchor in Fig. 16; and

Fig. 18 represents a perspectiveview of oneY form of caulking tool adapted to be used with the sleeve shown Vin Fig. 16.

In the drawings, the Vreference character I0 designates a cylinderformed by rolling two sheets ofmaterial'into spiral form. 'I'he cylinder has a bore or opening I2.'l yOne sheet I4 is of lead or similar soft ilowable metal or alloy and the other sheet I6 is of copper, zinc, aluminum or other similar stronger metal or alloy. Both sheets are Vpreferablyof the general form shown in Fig. 5

where the sheets are 'shown in' unrolledY condition and'in superimposed relation. However, the lead sheet I4 isrlonger than the copper sheet I6 vand when rolledup surrounds the bore I2 of the cylinder and also being longer than the copper sheet I6 completely covers the outside of the cylindrical anchor as shwn in Figs. 1 Aand 4. Each sheet has a side I8 of greater length than theparallel VsideV 20 with the angular side 22 connectingV the sides I8 and 20. The lead sheet may have a flatter portion 23 leading from side 22 to'form a flat top on the anchor.4 By rolling the sheets together, acylinde'r is formed having alternating lead andcopper layers.

The rolling is started at the longer side I8 of the lead sheet and enough material of the lead sheet is rolled up so that the wall of the bore I2 (See Fig. 4). Becauseof they shape of the sheets the center part 24 of the formed cylinder projects above the rest'of the anchor so that whenY the anchork is caulked, there will be substantially no disturbance of the material in which the anchor is attached and the friction `between the Vlead sheet and the` material vof the masonry' Vhole will be minimized during the caulking of the anchor cylinder. f .g L i Secured to the bottom Aof the cylinder by solder'- ing or welding is a ring or washer 28 preferably ma-de of steel. This washer forms a base against Whichthe rolled sheets of the cylinder are driven when the anchor is caulked in a hole in masonry or the like. This Washer is not essential and may beomitted as is done in some of the forms later to be described `as for example in Fig. 8. When no washer is used the copper sheet ofthe anchor preferably abuts the head of the bolt so that in caulking there is a base against which the anchor abuts.

AThe sheets of lead and copper'are preferably separate when rolled up to form alternate layers of lead and copper with the lead sheet forming the inner and outer surfaces of the cylinder. But VI may use a single sheet of copper heavily coated with lead instead Yof separate sheets to form my anchor cylinder.

When it isY desired to anchor a bolt, an anchor cylinder is chosen of about the size of the opening 30 in masonry or the like .asV shown in Fig. 6. A bolt 32 is placed into the anchor cylinder with its head 34 against the Washer 28 and this assembly is placed in the opening 30 With'the bolt head at the bottomof the opening and with the high central part 24 toward the front of the opening.

The cylinder is then caulkedby driving the caulk ing tool 36 againstthe high central part of the cylinderV and the copper sheet is buckled or wrinkled as shown at 31 in Fig. 7, andthe lead sheet is forced against the Wall of the hole or opening 30 as at 38 without being forced frictionally vacross the irregular Wallsurface of the hole 30 radially outward. VThe corrugations in the buckledV copper` sheet hold the lead in a compressed conditionrinsuring a permanent fastening.r The irregular wall surface of the hole is left undisturbed insuringgreater security of attachment. It will be seen that the copper sheet does not change in thickness butV the lead change in thickness. Y

By driving the anchor down at the high central part 24, the .outer leadsurface of the anchor is one object of my invention is to press the lead Voutward against the hole wall rather than moving the .lead frictionally across the surface,.as frictional movement tends to weaken the engagement `ofthe anchor inthe hole wall. ,In Figs. 8 and 9 I have shown .another form of my inventionin which the harder metal 40 in sheet does substantially cylindrical form extends above the.

rest of -the cylinder. VThe harder metal in this form is preferably zinc and is preferably initially slightly corrugated as at 42 to assist the collapse of the anchor when it is caulked. The corrugation is shown in exaggerated form in the draw-v ings for purposes of disclosure. The zinc cylinder Yeo 4U has a section cut out longitudinally for its.` Y

entire length as at 44. A lead sheet 46is wrapped around the outer surface of the cylinder, over the edges of thecut portion and is then pressed around the inner surface of the cylinder 40 with the ends ofthe lead sheet meeting at 48. When the anchorshown in'Figs. 8 and9 is caulked, the zinc or harder metal sheet is buckled or further corrugated to move the outer lead sheet against the `hole in the masonry or the like in a Way similar to that above described in theprevious form of my invention.

connection with Y In Fig. 10 I have shown a further form of my invention in which the anchor is formed by rolling a lead sheet 50 and metal sheet 52 made .of copper, zinc, aluminum or the like, into cylindrical form, the sheet 52 being exposed on the inner surface of the anchor cylinder and the lead sheet being on the outer surface. The sheet 52 is preferably rectangular and has semipunched V'shaped portions 53 therein. The material is cut along intersecting lines 54 and 55 but the V-shaped portions or tabs are not removed. When this anchor lis to be used, a threaded bolt 56 is placed with its threads in the anchor against the metal sheet 52. The sleeve or anchor is then placed in a hole or opening in masonry or the like with the pointed ends of the V-shaped portions 53 pointing toward the bottom of the hole. The anchor is then caulked against the threads of the threaded bolt 56 by means of a caulking tool.

'Ihe metal sheet 52 is buckled and the V-shaped portions 53 are driven into the thread grooves and the lead also is forced to follow against the threads of the bolt and against the metal sheet 52 so that a threaded socket 58 is formed in the caulked sleeve or anchor. It will be noted that the tabs 53 in the caulked anchor prevent the bolt from being pulled out. Then the threaded member or bolt is unscrewed and the threaded socket is adapted to receive the bolt of identical thread. When this sleeve or anchor is caulked in the opening or hole 59 in masonry, the lead sheet of the sleeve or anchor is expanded or spread out and securely held within the hole or opening in a way similar to that described above in connection with the other forms of my invention. Instead of using the semi-punched sheet I can use perforated or punched metal strips or sheets, or screen or woven metal cloth. In Fig. 14 I have shown a punched strip or sheet 66 and in Fig. 15 I have shown a woven wire 62. When a metal strip of this kind is used, the sleeve or anchor is rolled up or Wound up with the perforated or punched metal exposed on the inner surface of the sleeve so that the metal strip may be deformed to form threads in substantially the same way as the metal sheet 52 and tabs 33 form threads when the sleeve or anchor is caulked in the opening or hole in masonry.

The screen or woven wire and strips of perforated metal and other reticular material may be rolled into the surface of the lead sheet in order to be held in place when the lead sheet is to be rolled up into cylindrical form. However, the screen or woven wire or perforated .or semipunched metal strip may be separate from the lead sheet and the two strips or sheets may be rolled upl into cylindrical form to form the sleeve or cylindrical anchor.

In another form of my invention I use a sleeve or cylindrical anchor 63 in connection with a coupling member 64 for tubular members. In this way the regular fittings are omitted and a cheaper construction is provided. The coupling member 64 is` shown as a tubular member having a central internal and annular flange or stopy 65 against which the ends of the tubing sections 66 and anchors abut. The outer diameter of the tubing is slightly smaller than the internal diameter 6l of the coupling member to leave a space 68 into which the sleeve or anchor 63 may be inserted.

The sleeve or anchor may be made by rolling up or winding up a lead sheet and a copper sheet superimposed on each other. In the form shown in the drawings, the sleeve or anchor ismade of a copper sheet 1U or other suitable metal heavily coated on both sides with lead or tin 12 or a combination thereof. The coated copper strip has its ends blanked with serrations 14 so that when the metal sheet or sheets are bent into Sleeve form the serrations will interengage to form a joint 16. Other forms `of joint may be used. This joint may be fused or soldered to make a more substantial body preventing damage in handling.

To make the connection between the tubing sections 66 the coupling member 64, the anchor is positioned on the end of a tubing section and this assembly is inserted into the opening in the coupling member until the tubing end abuts stop 65. The sleeve or anchor 63 is shorter in length than the depth of the opening in the coupling member to form a recess 8|] for the caulking tool 82 (Fig. 18). The caulking tool is semicircular and has a thin portion 84 adapted to pass into the opening or recess 80 between the coupling member and tubing sections. The caulking tool has an enlarged head 86 which provides a driving portion adapted to be struck and by means of which the tool is driven against the sleeve or anchor 63. lIhe caulking tool is turned and moved around the tubing sections as it is hammered to cause the copper and harder metal of the sleeve or anchor to collapse and buckle in oppositely disposed circumferential ridges 88. 'Ihe lead covering on the ridges is pushed firmly against the opposite walls formed by the inner wall of the coupling member and the outer Wall of the tubing, as at Sil. In this Way a leakproof joint is provided between the tubing section and the coupling member. After one sleeve or anchor is caulked. the other sleeve or anchor is caulked. When the sleeve is caulked the harder metal will corrugate or wrinkle and the softer metal will be forced against the walls of the coupling member. The joining of the sleeve by the serrated line provides further safety against leakage through the coupling member and around the sleeve.

It is to be understood that other caulking tools may be used.

rI'he connecting means shown in Fig. 16 is not to be restricted to the form shown but may be used to connect electrical conductors to sockets and for other similar purposes.

What I claim is:

1. A device of the character described including a cylindrical member having a central bore and spirally Wound walls of alternate layers of lead and copper, the central portion of said cylindrical member being longer than the remainder of said cylindrical member.

2. A bolt anchor including a cylindrical member having a central bore and spirally wound Walls formed of alternate sheets of a soft metal and a harder metal, said softer metal forming the inner wall of said bore, the portions of said layers adjacent said bore being longer than the rest of said anchor to form a projecting central part adapted to be struck when said anchor is to be caulked.

3. A device of the character described including a cylindrical member having a central bore and spirally wound walls of alternate layers of lead and a harder metal, said lead layer surrounding said harder metal, and a metallic washer secured to one end of said cylindrical member.

4. A device of the character described including .a cylindrical member having a'central bore and formed by rolling a leadsheet and a harder lmetal sheet into spiral form, said harder metal sheetforming the interior YWall of said cylindri- K cal member,V said harder metal sheet being reticular andA being subject to corrugation upon caulking.v Y Y Y Y 5.- A deviceV of the character described includingja cylindrical member having a central bore and formed by rolling a lead sheet and a copper sheet into spiral form,y said copper sheet being Y formed withV-shaped portions, said copper sheet forming the wall of said bore.

i 6. A device of the character described, including a. cylindrical member having a central bore and spirally wound walls of alternate layers of Va soft metal and harder metal, the centralV portion of said cylindrical member being longer than the remainder of said cylindrical member.

7;V In combination, means for-fastening tub- Y ing to coupling members comprising a laminated sleeve formed of layers of a soft metal and a harder metal,` the layers of `harder metal Ybeing corrugated when the sleeve is caulked to cause the soft metal to be forced the coupling members. o v

Y 8. A bolt anchor as claimed in claim 2 in which Y the harder metal forms the inner wall ofa central bore.

aganst the walls of 9. A bolt anchor comprising a cylindrical mem- `Y

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