US2149219A - Signaling system and apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 2s, 1939. RQ HOOVER 2,149,219

SlGNALTNG SYSTEM AND APPARATUS THEREFOR FIG. 2

""'Inllll la/ I 'Y Y NVENTOR 44 RHOOVER +3 Il f ORNEY Feb. 28, 193,19.

R. HoovER 2,149,219

SIGNALING SYSTEM AND APPARATUS THEREFOR Filed July 25', 1936 3 sheets-sheen 2 FIG. 4

FIG. 5

I 'I l INVENTOR R. HOOVER BYY Mym A TORNEY Feb. 28, 1939. R HOOVER 2,149,219

SIGNALING SYSTEM AND APPARATUS THEREFOR Filed July 25, 1936y 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR R. HOOVER ATTORNEY Patented F615. 2s, 1939 PATENT OFFICE SIGNALING SYSTEM AND APPARATUS THEREFOR Hoover, Plainfield, N. J., assignor to The vWestern Union Telegraph Company,

New

York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application July 25, 1936-, Serial No. 92,629

24 Claims.

This invention relates to a signaling system and apparatus therefor, and more particularly to an auxiliary system and apparatus which is n especially adapted for use in conjunction with a -H system for selectively controlling remotely disposed stock, commodity and like boards or registering apparatus. A telegraph system with y which the hereinafter described embodiment of the invention is particularly adapted for use is l0" one which requires phasing or synchronizing vsignals or periods and such a system will be described in conjunction with the description of the invention. Reference is made to a pending application of W. F. Quimby, Ser. No. 55,510 for a complete descriptionr of such a system. It rshould be kept in mind,v howevenpthatthe invention is not limited to such use but may b e adapted toI be used in conjunction withnvarious other telegraph systems" of communication.

y In the hereinafter vdescribed arrangements of transmitting market signals, as for example those used'to control a quotation board, from a transmitting vor sending station to a receiving station, n two, separate channels, or wires arev used, and 25I with an active market, these signals are contihuously transmitted simultaneously over each ci' thesewires'during the market hours. One wire normally controls the operation of the receiving station while the second Wire is provided for use in case of failure of the first wire., In the system to be described, one Wire is adapted for differential duplex service and provides a channel of communication during' the market hoursr from the quotation board receiving statiotothe sending station andthis channel is operated by terminal'equipment consisting of start-stop type sending and printing unitslocated at` thequotation board receiving and sending stations respectively. This nchannel o f communi-y y40 cation with'its associated terminal equipment will be hereinafter referred to as the auxiliary signalingsystem. y u Y *The lmarket signals areof thegtype which, as isffamlliar to those versed in the art, generally 'operatezin conjunction lwith periodic synchronizing vsignals or periods. Such signalsare'provided-to bring or keep the' receiving units in proper phase' relationship with thetransmitting units/During an active market in this system thesesynchroniz'ing or phasing periods are automatically interposed into the'quotation board signals after the transmission'of everyhundred randtwenty or some other predetermined number of quotations oratjpredetermined intervals. By means-cf' the auxiliary signaling' apparatus;y the receiving station may at any time communicate with the sending station and request extra synchronizing signals, the rewriting of quotations or any other information or signals that may be desired at the receiving station.

When trouble develops on the wire normally controlling the receiving station, a changeover is made at the receiving station from that Wire to the other wire. As the sending station has no way of determining when such a changeover is made, no synchronizing signals Will ordinarily be transmitted at that time. Therefore, the receiving station either has to request synchronizing signals by means of the auxiliary signaling Aapparatus at the time of the changeover, or Wait for regular synchronizing signals which are automatically transmitted at predetermined intervals as hereinbefore stated. If, during an active market, the changeover occurred shortly after a regular synchronizing period, the receiving station may lose as many as one hundred and twenty quotations unless the receiving station immediately after the changeover requests a synchronizing period. At best, however, and under the most favorable conditions, an appreciable length of time elapses and consequently a considerable number of quotation board signals will be lost by the receiving station before the sending station transmits the required synchronizing signals.

It is, therefore, one of the objects of this invention to provide a mechanism and means for controlling such a mechanism whereby under the above stated conditions the transmission of one or more predetermined signals will be automatically 'initiated with a changeover at a receiving station from one channel of communication to another in a telegraph system.

Another object is to provide a mechanism which operating in conjunction with the above mentioned type of telegraph systems will automatically cause the sending station to transmit a synchronizing period concomitantly with a change from one channel of communication to another at the receiving station.

Another object is to provide a method and mechanism whereby telegraph service of the hereinbefore described character can be more expeditiously and conveniently handled.

Further objects of the invention Will appear as a description thereof proceed/s with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig, 1 is a plan view of a transmitting mechanism adapted for use in conjunction with this invention;`

CFI

Fig. 2 is a front elevational view thereof;

Fig. 3 is a detail cross-sectional view thereof taken on line 3--3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view thereof taken on line 4--4 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a developed View of a contact-actuating drum used in the transmitting mechanism of this invention; and

Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram showing the electrical connections of the transmitting mechanism, the electrical connections of the telegraph'4V system associated therewith and. the: electrical connections therebetween.

The preferred embodiment of this invention contemplates the employment. at the recei'vingsta-r tion of a so-called auxiliary transmitting mechanism which will transmit to the sending'station a group of signals at the time ofachangeover fromy one wire to another. This transmittingv mechanism comprises an independently rotatable transmitting cam with transmitting contacts associatedY therewith andoperated thereby and a drum successively'positioned by the rotaticnof the'transmitting cam to selectively actuate a group of secondary contactsto set up code combinations in said contacts; The transmitting' cam distributes` these code combinations to a sending' circuit in` the proper order' sequentially with the positioning of said drum. Two relays arey also` employedA to control the operation of amotor used for driving th'etransmitting` machine and for other purposes which` will be fully described-- in the' following detailed description of thef invention.

A descriptiony of' the structure and operation of the auxiliary transmitter and transmitting mechanism will first bel givenand. referring now to Figs. 1 and- 2, 'a' base plate II has attached at opposite endsy thereof by screws I2, twovertical side platesv I3 and I4 between which are mountedthez elements of the transmitter. A shaft I5 journaled in thev plates I3 and' I4 has a collar |6 attached adjacent an end thereof by a screw |11. Secured for rotation therewith tothe collar I6 by screws Iis apinion` I9. The pinion I9 is adapted to mesh with andA be drivenV bya pinion (not shown)1 attached tothe shaft of a motor M, Fig. 6-. Loosely mounted'v on the; shaft I5, Figs. l, 2 and 3, andY prevented from longitudinal movement thereon, by means not shown, isa cam sleeve 2|. The cam sleeve 2|- has attached thereto-for rotationv therewith a seriesV of six notched cam discs 22a to 22f, indicated at 22, Fig. 3, a cam 23 and a Geneva cam 24 (see Figs'. 2 and 4). The cam sleeve 2| is adapted toy be rotated by a toothed clutch composed of a driven member 25 .and a driving member 26.

The driving member 26 of the clutch is a collar securedv to the shaft I5l for4 rotation therewith by a screw 21. The driven member 25 is a collar loosely mounted on the shaft I5 and operatively engaged at all timesv with the cam sleeve 2| for rotation therewith by interengaging toothv members 28. The driven member 25 is adapted to slide along the shaft I5 to bring teeth 29 disposed on the left hand face thereof into or out of engagement with similar teeth 3| disposed on the opposed face of the driving member 26;. With the teeth 29 and 3| on the two members 25 and 26, respectively, engaged, the driven member 25 and the cam sleeve 2| will rotatewith the shaft I5, and with the teeth 29 and 3| disengaged, the cam sleeve 2| will not rotate with the shaft I5. The means for actuating the driven member 25 along the shaft I5 to bring its teeth 29 into or out of engagement with the teeth 3| on the driving member will be hereinafter described.

Attached to the base by screws 32 (Fig. 3) is a horizontal clutch control magnet base 33 upon which are mounted the coils of a clutch control magnet 34. On a vertical extension 35 of the magnet base 33,.as shownin Fig, 1, is a rod 36 on which an armature 31 is pivotally supported adjacent one end thereof. The armature 31extends over the coils of the magnet 34 and is inoperative relation with the pole pieces of said magnet. A spring 38 attached to the right hand end of the armature 31, as seen in Fig. '1, biases the armature to. its. retracted position. An adjusting screw 39, Fig. 3, carried in the left hand end of the armature 31, rests on an arm of a clutch control leverv or stop-arm 4|. The stoparm 4I is pivotally supported adjacent the center thereof on a stud 42 extending horizontally from a bracket 43A which is attached to the basev IIV by screws 44. A spring 45 attachedl to the' stoparm 4| normally holds the upperV end thereof against the circumference of the driven member 25. On the upper'end of the stop-arm 4|v is a cam follower 46 shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2V which is adapted to operatively engage with a side camv surface 41 formed on the circumference of the driven member 25. The cam follower 46 of the stop-arm 4I and the cooperating' portion of the side cam surface 4-1 are so shaped' that the driven member 25 is normallyurged to the right as seen in Fig. 2,l and consequently its teeth 29' are out of engagement with` the teeth 3| on the driving member-26. When the magnet 34 is energized by meansv hereinafter described, the actuation of the armature 31 causes the stop-arm 4| to also be actuated which in turn causes the cam follower 46- integral therewith to be disengaged with the side cam surface 41. Thereupon a spring 48v coiledabout the cam sleeve 2| and disposed between flanges 49 and 5| on the cam sleeve and driven members 25 respectively, forces the driven member 25 of the clutch into engagement with theV driving member 26. The driving member 26Vvwil1 at thistime berotating by means hereinafter described and consequently the driven member 25, the `cam sleeve 2|, and the Geneva cam 24, will rotate therewith.

At a predetermined time the magnet 34k will be deenergized and allow the stop-arm 4| to returnto its normal or unoperated position. The cam follower 46 will thereupon ride on the circumference of the driven member 25 and in the path of the side cam surface v4-1'. As the driven member 25 continues to rotate, the side cam surface 41 and earn follower 46 will engage and consequently cause the teeth 29 of the driven member 25 to be withdrawn from engagement with the teeth 3| on the driving member 26. A further projection of the side cam vsurface 41 then engages the cam follower 46 and brings the driven member 25 and attached cam sleeve 2| to a stop in their predetermined stop or rest positions. A lever 52 pivoted on a shoulder screw 53 in the bracket 43 is held in engagement with the cam 23 by a spring 54. The purpose of thev lever 52 and cam 23 is to prevent rebound or rotation in a reverse direction of the cam sleeve 2| and its attached parts due to the sudden stop thereof by the stop-arm 4I.

A bracket 56 attached to the base II has insulatively mounted therein in a vertical position by screws 51 a series of six spring contacts indicated in general at 58, Fig. 3', and individually by reflas erence numerals 58a to 58fin'Fig. 2. Pivoted `on a' rod 59 in a bracket-56, Fig. 3, are six hooked kcontact lever has the hooked uprightl end thereof incontact with a piece of insulating material 62 secured to the tongue of an associated contact 58a`to 581. Each contact lever 6| also has a substantially horizontal arm with a vertical projec- 'tion 63 thereon operatively engaged with one of the cams 22a` to 22flocated just above. Thus Ieach of the cams 22a to 22f is in operative relation with anassociated contact lever 6| and each contact lever is operatively engaged Awith anas- -sociated contact 58. The spring tongues of the contacts 58a to 58f actuate their associated contact -levers 6|a to 6|f so that the projections 63 thereon areengagedawith theirlv respective cams 22a to'22f. `The cams 22a vto 22f, thelcontact levers 6|a to 6| f andthe contacts`58a to 58j are so arranged that when a notch 64inone of the cams 22 passes 'overrthe projection 63 on the contact lever 6|, the associated contact 58 is allowedto'close by action of the spring tongue.

1 lThe cams 22a to 22)e are arranged onthe cam sleeve 2| so that in the rest or normalposition of 4the cam sleeve 2|,1'the notch |54r in the cam 22a tacts 58 are open. After about three-fourteenths of av revolution of the cam sleeve 2|, the cams 22h to 22 f allow the projections 63- on their associated contactlevers'GIb to Blfv to pass in and out of jthe notches in saidcamsfso that the con- I tacts 581i-V to.58f are sequentially closed. Each contact 58h to 581e isclosed for about one-seventh of a'revolution of the cam sleeve 2| and as one contact such as 58h isopened, contact 58c will close, etc. As contact 58fopens, contact 58a is allowed to close about one-fourteenth of a revolution before the cam sleeve 2 Incompletes a Whole revolution in which position it remains until after. 4about one-fourteenth of th-evfollowing reve volution ofthe cam sleeve 2|. ,Thus it canrbe seen that as the camsleeve2| rotates through a plurality of .revolutionsthe contacts 58a to,58f are Vv'sequentiallyclosed each for about one-seventh Geneva cam r21| on the cam sleeve .2 As shown in Fig'. 4"the Geneva Wheel 69 has Aten slots therein and is thereforeadapted to makeone revolution for every ten 'revolutions of the ca m vsleeve -2`| Thus the drum 61 assumes tendi'iferent positions during one revolution thereof. Lo-

cated in a predetermined arrangement in` ten axial rows Valong thev length of the drum and in 'six rows iaround. the circumference thereof are a plurality of pins 1|. A vdeveloped view of the drum 61 showing the arrangement of the pins 1| in the ten axial'rows represented by letters A to J' inclusive is shown in Fig. 5.

On abracket 12 between the two plates vI3 land .|4, are a series of six contacts 13a to 131.y 'I'hese contactsl are adapted to be actuated'by the-pins 1| in the drum 61 as the drum revolves, one circumferential row of pins 1| being associated with each of the contacts 13a to 13j. :The vcontacts 13bl to 13j are arranged so vthat when the drum is stopped in one of its ten positions, one or more pins in one of the axial rows will be engaged with one or .more of said contacts. Contacts 13b to 13f are adapted to be closed when their tongues jareengaged with the pins 1|. The ve circumferential rows of p insinfthe drum 61 adapted to operate the contacts-13b to 13] are so arranged that theyactuate saidcontacts in combinations which represent,- according -to a predetermined ve-unitsignaling code, the following ten signals:(1) figures shift (2) letter S (3) letters shift (4) letter S (5) `letter Y (6) letter N (7) equal sign (8) letter B (9) letter O and (10) a blank for the tenoperating `positions Ato J .respectively of the drum 61. The lcontact 13a is arranged in conjunction with a pin 1|a in its associated circumferential row so that thepin will momentarily open kContact 13a as the drum 61 is being rotated fromits J to its A position.

A bakelite'block 14 secured tothe base by screws 16 has insulatively mounted therein a group offeight terminal clips 11. These clips are adapted to make electrical connection withassociated clips, not shown, when the transmitting mechanism isin an operating position.

'Ihe telegraph system that the embodiment of thek invention-shown is particularly adapted4 to operate in conjunction with will now be described.

The system comprises a sending stationand one or more receiving stations yand in the following rdescription the operation of onlyone receiving station will be given; any others, if in existence, voperatein substantially Vthe same manner asf the one to .be described and may be connected in parallel therewith.

In general, the sending stationcomprises two transmitting mechanisms, `such as tapetransmitters Aof the general, disclosedin the patent to Benjamin, rMarch. 25,v v1919, No. 1,298,400, and a distributor mechanism for sequentially and intermittentlyoperatingsaid transmitting mechanisms and` distributing .the impulses therefrom to the linecircuitin ythe proper .sequential order. In general, ythe receiving stationlcomprises. two recording untssuch'as, for example, those used to control a quotationboard and a` distributor for distributing the received line impulses to the recording units in the proper .sequential order. Each-of the recording.' units is associated with one of the transmitters and they are adapted to record only the' signals' transmitted by their associated transmitters. 'As the transmitting distributor alternately sends. a code combination fromeach transmitterfit is necessary that the receiving and sending rvstations be' maintained Yin the proper phaserelationship or substantial synchronism..k The manner' in which. synchronism is maintainedfwill be hereinafter described ,in detail. The sending and receiving stations will 'be hereinafter referred to as stations A and B respectively, and the auxiliary transmitting mechanism hereinbefore described in detail is located at station B as will be evident as thev description and operation ofthe system proceeds.

Referring now'to Fig. 6," the equipment 'shown above the dashed line A-fA represents that at station A and that shown Vbelow the line A-A represents that at station B. The two stations'are shown inter-connected by two line conductors representedat8| and 82 but it will `be apparent that anyjsuitable circuits 'or channels may be utilized. Forthepurpose of illustration,line conductor 8| is shown adapted fora differential duplex circuit, and provides a circuit'or channel for the hereinbeforementioned auxiliarysgnaling system but any 'suitable'circuit may be used for the auxiliary system. Any number of other receiving stations may be connectedin parallel with'station B to the sendirgstation A by'conduc'tors such as 8| and 82.

At station A the apparatusshown embraced within the two parallelograms 83 and 84 represents tigvo transmitters TI and T2, such :as tape transmitters. The 'tongues vof lthe transmitters are movable to make contact with marking and spacing bus bar` s in combinaions representative of the character signals to be transmitted therefrom. The tongues'of transmitters TI are connectedbycable 86 to respective make stops of the third 4to the eighth contact groups on the right or arelay 81. The tongues of transmitter T2 are connected by a cable 88 to respective break stops of the third `-to the eighth contact groups of the relay 81. The tongues of relay 81 normally rest on their break stops and are adapted, asis Well known in the art, to simultaneously make contact with their make stops when the relay 81 is energized as will be hereinafter described..

The break and make stops of the ninth contact groupof relay v81 are connected by means of the seventh conductors of cables 86 and 88 to operating magnets 89 and 9| respectively, of transmitters T I and T2. The tongues of the third to the eighth contact groups of relay 81 are connected to the third to the eighth segments of a segmented ring 92 of the transmitting distributor. 'I'he rst and second segments of the ring 92 are connected to spacingand marking battery, respectively. A solid ring 93 associated with the segmented ring 92 is connected by a conductor 94 through the coils of two polar relays 95 and 95', in parallel, to ground. The tongue of relay 95 is connected through the coils of a differential polarized relay 96 to the line 8| and an articial line AL so that the relay 98 is unresponsive to all signals transmitted from station A, in a manner well known in the art. The tongue of relay 95 is connected to the line 8 2.

At station B line conductor 82 is connected through a polarized relay 91 to ground and line conductor 8| is connected to a differential polarized relay 98 in such a manner that it is responsive tol signals received over line 8| from station A. The tongues of relaysl 91 and 98 are grounded and the spacing and marking stops are connected to the sleeve and tip'of jacks indicated at 99 and I0| respectively. A plug |02 associated with the jacks 99 and |0| has the tip and sleeve connected by conductors |03 and |04 to the yfirst and second segments of a segmented ring |06 of the receiving distributor. Associated with ring |06 is another segmented ring |01, the rst segment of which is connected through a receiver start magnet |08 to battery. The second, fourth, sixth, eighth,- tenth and twelfth segments of ring |01 are respectively connected by a cable |09 to the tongues of the second to the seventh contact groups inclusive, from the left, of a relay I||.

The break stops of the second to theseventh contact groups are respectively connected by a cable I|2 through relays ||3 to battery. The make stops of the same contact groups are connected by a cable ||4 through relays ||6to battery. The relays ||3 and ||6 represent,v the groups of selecting relays of the two hereinbefore mentioned recording units of a quotation board at station B and will be indicated and hereinafter referred to as recording units RI and R2, respectively. For the purpose of illustration two recording units known in the art as Teletype 25`A printers, are employed, which are disclosed in U. S. Patent No. 1,448,750, Relays ||1 and ||8 represent the operating relays of 'their associated recordingl units and are connected by the seventh conductors oi cables |2 and |4 to the makeand break stops respectively of the first contact group of relay The other sides of 'the relays v| |1 and I8 are connected to battery.

At station A the equipment and relays are shown in their normal rest positions and the operation of 'this station will now be described. Assume that there are signals` to be transmitted from the two transmitters T'I and T2 and the operation of station A is initiated by manually c losingakey ||9. The key ||9 is adapted to remain closed and its closure completes a circuit from "ground over conductor |2'I through the break stop and tongue of the first contact group of a relay |22, over conductor I 23 and through the coil of a start magnet |24 of the transmitting distributor to battery. The energization of the start magnet |24 causes the release of a brush varm indicated at |26 which is normally tending to rotate at a predetermined speed. The brush rarm |26 is composed or two insulatively separate brushes |21 and |28 which bridge their associated rings 92 and 93, and |29 and |3I respectively. With the brush arm I 26 in its rest position, a rest or spacing impulse is transmitted to the line conductors 8| and 82. As the brush arm |26 leaves its rest position, thebrush |21 bridges the second segment of ring 92 with the ring 93 and transmits a.. start or marking impulse. During the transmission ofthe start impulse the brush |28 bridges the second segment of` ring |29 and ring |3l. This completes a circuit from the grounded ring |3I., through the brushA |28, over ,a conductor |32, through the tongue and break stop of the second contact group from .the bottom of a relay |33, over` conductor |34 and through the coil of the relay 81 to battery. 'I'heenergization of relay81 causes itsI tongues to make contact with their make stops and a locking circuit is provided therefor through the tongue and make stop of its rst contact group, over conductor |36 through the break stop and tongueof the third contact group of relay |33 to ground. As the relay 81 is energized, its tongues connect the respective tongues of the transmitter TI to the third to the eighth segments of the ring 92 and as the brush |21 subsequently passes over these segments a code combination of impulses representative of the settings of the tongues of transmitter TI will be sent to the line conductors 8| and 82. As the brush |28 applies ground tothe third segment of ring |29 a circuit is completed over conductor |31, through the tongue and make stop of the ninth contact group of relay 81, it being energized at this time as hereinbefore described, to

the operating or stepping magnet 9| of trans.

mitter T2, and causes a tape therein to be advanced.

As the brush arm 26 starts over the distributor asprevicusly described. VAs the` brush nacen: tacts theiirstsegment of ring |29 a second time,

it applies ground thereto and overr conductors |38 4and |39, through the tongue andr make stop of the second contact group of relay 81, over conductual# andlthloush Ithe Coil f. relay, |33 i0 battery, ,This energizes the relay v|33 .and its tcnsues-. al@ .contact with their make Stops- |33 ,in fmoving from fits ^`break stop. opens the locking Acircuitof relayl 81 whereupon`v relay `r81 is deenergizedjand its tongues-fallback to their break, stops, The tongue ,of the i first Contact group of; relay v|3is adapted to, contact its make stopwithlittle movement of thetongue and thus insure;the-continuation ofthe circuitlthrough relay |33-A before ,relay ,81, breaks the same. With theyrelay81deenergized, .the tongues of trans-vr mitt T24 are. connected `to respective segments of ring. 92 andvas'the brush |21 Asubsequently contants, these segments, a code, Vc omioination of impulses, relcirelsentative',of the setting of the transmittel' tpnguesiwill be, ,Sent to` the lines-l, AS thel brush ,L28` leaves-thartsegment 0f VTing |29, ,it

grounds, the second segment thereof and con-fv theninthhcontact group of relay 81 and throughthecoil of the operating or` stepping magnet k89 of ,transmitter This causes the tape to be advanced and set hthe tongues thereof in a combination representative of the next .perforation in thetape.; Y .A i Y lThus it is evidentvthat on the completion of the SeCond-revolutionof the brush arm |26, the relays 81 vand |33 will berlin their normal position which is' asthey were when the key 9 was initially-closed, Therefore, on the next or third revolutionv ofthe brush arm |26, a code combinationof fimpulses will be sent to the lines from the transmitter "II` followed` ,byl a combination f-,rornfthe transmitter *T2-1 on the fourth revolution of the brush arm inthe same manner as the first two described revolutions ofthe brush arm. f Tor, stop the .operation of the sending station, thekey I9V is opened which opens the circuit to the start magnet |24 and'r allows the latch to stop thebrush arm |26 of the distributor in its normal rest position.' However, ii"` the key ||9 is openedduringan odd revolution of the4 brush arrn- |26, the arm will not be stopped when it next reacheslits rest( position. This is because, as Hrinbefore,described,'at the beginning ofthe seconder raneven. number of revolutions of the brusharm |26, therelay 81 is energized and thereforeg'as Athe brush |28 bridges the first segment of ring |29, the relay |33 will be energized and apply ground through the lower stop and tongue ofthe fourth contact group thereof over conductor |23 to the start magnet |24. The

energization of the magnet |24 occurs before the brushv arrivi.k |26- reaches its rest position, and

therefore', it win not be stopped for this revolu- As thebrush |28zpasses from the second segment of Yring |29, the circuit to the relay |33 is opened, which in turn causes the opening of the circuit tothe start magnet |24. Thus' the' brush arm |26 will be stoppedv when it again reaches its restposition and transmit to the lines a prolonged rest impulse.

. From the above it is evident that each cycle of operation of the transmitting station comprises two complete revolutions of the brush arm |26 during which a first and second combination of impulses are transmitted from the transmitters T|` and T2 respectively.

` The operation of the receiving units at station B will now be described and as shown, the relays and magnets are in their normal positions. Assume that the plug |02 is in the jack 99 and that the rst mentioned start impulse is received over the line 82 which throws the tongue of the polarized relay 91 to its marking stop. This applies ground through the tips |42 and |43 of the jack and plug 99 and |02, respectively, and over conductor |03 to the first segment of ring |06. A brush arm indicated at |44 'is held in its normal rest position by the armature of the receiver start magnet |08 and has a brush |46 which bridges the rings |06 and |01. Therefore, the above mentioned circuit is continued through the brush |46 over conductor |41 through the coil of magnet |08 to battery. The brush arm |44 is normally tendingY to rotate and the energization of magnet |08 will release it for rotation. 'Ihe second segment of the ring |06 is connected by conductor |04 through the sleevesof the plug and jack |02 and 99, respectively'to the spacing stop of relay 91, and as the relay responds to received line impulses, 'the circuit to the segment is grounded and opened in combinations, representative of combinations of impulses transmitted from the transmitter TI. The brush |46 bridges the segments of the rings |06 and |01 in synchronism with the received line impulses and thus allows the selecting relays ||3 of the receiver Rl to be sequentially operated in combinations representative of the received impulses. A brush |48 of the brush arm |44 is adapted to bridge a segmented ring |49 and a grounded ring |5|. As the brush |48 bridges the third segment of ring |49, acircuit is completed therethrough over a conductor |52 and through the coil of a slow-torelease relay |53 to battery. With the brush |48 on the fourth segment of ring |49 ground is applied over conductor |54 through the tongue and break stop of the first contact group of relay and through the coil of the operating relay ||8 of receiving unit R2 to battery. This causes the recording of a character previously selected by the receiver R2. Y

vThe brush arm |44 is, adapted to complete a revolution slightly sooner than the transmitting brush arm |26 and while the spacing rest impulse is being transmitted. Therefore the brush arm 44 is brought to rest after each revolution and adapted to be released by the start impulse of the following combination of impulses. As the brush |48 passes over the second segment of ring |49 a second time, ground is applied over conductor |56, through the tongue and make stop of the first contact group of the slow-to-release relay |53, its tongues being in energized positions at this time, over conductor |51, through the tongue and break stop of the second contact group of a relay |58 and through the coil of relay to battery. This circuit energizes the relay and a locking circuit is provided therefor through its flrstcontact group over conductor |59, through the break stop and tongue ofthe third contact group of relay |58, over conductor |6|l through the make stop and tongue of the second contact group of the operated relay |53 to ground. The energization of relay also connects the selecting relays ||6 to receiver R2 to` respective segments of the ring |01. The brush |58 passing over the third and fifth segments of ring |59 a second time maintain the slow-to-release relay |53 energized and as the brush contacts the fourth segment, ground is applied over conductor |55 through the tongue and make stop of the first contact group of relay to the operating relay ||1 of receiver RI. This causes the recording of the p-reviously selected charac-r ter on receiver RI. The second passage of the brush |45 over the ring |01 completes circuits from the selecting magnets ||6 of receiver R2 to the spacing stop of relay 91 and causes the relays to be operated in combinations representative of the operation of the relay 91. Thus the first group of impulses is recorded on the receiver Rl and the second group on R2, the recording o-f the group being performed during the selection of the following group, and two revolutions of the brush arm |04 comprising' a complete cycle of the receiving apparatus.

If Va third group of impulses follows the second a, with a prolonged rest impulse therebetween, the

receiver operates for the third and fourth groups as previously described, the relay |53 deenergizing during the prolonged rest impulse and breaking the locking circuit to relay When the third or an odd numbered group immediately follows a previous group, the relay |53 is no-t deenergized, and as the brush |48 contacts the first segment of ring |49, ground is applied over con= ductor |62 through the tongue and make stop of the eighth Contact group of relay over conductor |63 and through the'coil of relay |58 to battery. This energizes relay |53 which breaks the locking circuit to relay andY allows the tongues thereof to reconnect the selecting relays ||3` to the segments o-f ring |01. As relay |58 breaks the circuit to relay the circuit to relay |58 is continued through the tongue and make stop of the first contact groupY thereof. Thus the transmitting and receiving stations are kept in synchronism and the signals transmitted from transmitters Tl and T2 are recorded on the receiving units RI and R2 respectively.

The conjoint operation of the hereinbefore described communication system shown in Fig. 6, and the auxiliary transmitting mechanism hereinbefore described in detail and shown in Figs. 1 to 5 will now be given.

Assume that with the plug |02 in the vjack 99, trouble develops on line conductor 82 which throws station B out of synchronism with station A. This condition will be readily discernible to the attendant at station B whereupon he immediately removes the plug |02 from jack 99 and plugs it into jack |0l. Station B will thereafter receive the signals over conductor 8| through the differential polarized relay 98 through the tip and sleeve of jack |0I. The probability of station B being in synchronism with station A at this'time is very remote and therefore, to avoid the loss of signals, the stations should be synchronized as promptly as possible. In the embodiment of the invention shown, means is provided, Which will be hereinafter described, whereby the transmission of a synchronizing period from Vstation A is automatically initiated upon the insertion of the plug |02 in either of the Vjacks and j 99 and ||l|. The above mentioned synchronizing period comprises a prolonged rest or spacingjixn.- pulse.

'I'he electrical connections of the auxiliary transmitting mechanism are shown schematif" cally in Fig. 6 along with those of the receiving units at station B, the transmitting'mechanism being indicated at T3. 'l

When the plug |02 is inserted in the jack |0|, a tip spring |66 thereof contacts a tip normal |61 and completes a circuit from a charged condenser |68, through the `spring. |66 and tip |61 over a conductorV |69 and through onecoil of a doduble coil relay |1| to ground. The'cOndenSer |68 is normally charged from battery at |12 and the above circuit allows it to discharge through relay |1| and energize the same.'` Contact 13a is closed when the drum 61, Figs. 1, 2, and 3, is in its rest position, and therefore a locking circuit is established from battery 'at |13, Fig. 6, through contact 13a, over conductor |14, through the make stop and tongueof theV second contact group of relay |1| and through a second coil thereof to ground. The making `of l the rst contact group of relay |1'| completes a 58al which is in parallel with the stops of contacts Y 13b to 13j. This disconnects a start-stop key-4 board represented at |83 from the relay |19 and connects the auxiliary transmitting mechanism T3thereto which renders saidmechanism operable to transmit to the relay |19. The 'plug v|84 of the start-stop keyboard |83 is normally in the associated jack |86. Thetongue of relay |19 is connected to the sending side or apex of the differential polarized relay 98. The making of the sixth contact, group of relay |1| completes a cir-J cuit from ground over conductor |81 to the coil of a relay |88. The relay |88 is slow' to makeand slow to release and is adapted to operate its asso-V ciated contact groups an appreciable length of time after the circuit thereto is completed and opened respectively. This time lag is suicient for themotor M to be up to yits Vregular speed before the relay |88 operates. The making of the fifth 55 contact group of relay |1| completes acirc'uit from ground over a conductor( |89 to the make stop of the second contact groupof relayfl'.V As the relay |88 .subsequently operates the above circuit is continued over conductor |9| and through the coil of the hereinbefore mentioned clutch control magnet 34, Figs. 1, 2 and 6, to bat-4 tery. This energizes the magnet 34 which in turn releases the cam sleeve 2| forrotation with the shaft I5, Figs. 2 and 3, a sufficient length of time after the completion of the circuit to the motor M to insure the shaft |5 is rotating at the desired speed.

The rotation of the cam sleeve 2| sequentially actuates the contacts 58a` to 58]c as hereinbefore described, to transmit to the relay |19, code combinations of impulses representative of the positions of the contacts 13b to 131; These combina tions are impulses of current and 11o-current and are represented by their associated contacts 13b y ,tor-131, beingclosed or open, respectively, atthe v.the Geneva cam 24 engages the Geneva wheel 69 and rotates the drum 61 to bring the axial row of pins 1| represented at B into operative relation with the contacts 13a. to 13f. Now, as the cam sleeve 2| continues to rotate, it will actuate the releasing.

contacts 58h to 58j to transmit to the relay |1| a code combination representative of the pins 1| in row B of the drum 61. Subsequent revolutions of the cam sleeve 2| will successively position the druml 61 from its B to its A positions inclusive, alternately with thetransmission of the combinations represented thereby, after which the cam sleeve isbrought to yrest as will be hereinafter u described.

As the drum 61 is ,being rotated from its J to its Aposition, a code pin 1 a momentarily opens-the contact 13a. 'This opens the described locking circuit to the relay,|1|. The tongues of relay |1|`.y will thereupon return) to their break stops and complete and break the circuits broken and `completed vrespectively on the y l energization thereof. f Although the relay |1| opens the circvzuitrtorelayl |88, the motor circuit is notfimmediately opened because the ,relay |88 is slow Asthe tongue of the fifth contact `group of relay |1| returns to its retracted position,

`the;A circuit to the' clutch lcontrol magnet 34 is opened, which will cause the cam sleeve to be `stopped when it completes it current revolution.k 4As the cam sleeve 2| is starting its tenth, revolution at the time contact'13w is opened, the cam sleeve will be stopped at the completion of its ready-forf'another cycle of operation which is A initiated yby again energizing relay |1|. As described,.this was accomplished by the insertion Vof the plug |02 in the ljack |0| but it is evident -thatgthe insertion of the plug in jack 99 will also Acomplete the circuit from the condenser |68 to therelay |1| to allow the condenser to discharge throughthe relay and thereby energize it. Thus Ythe auxiliary transmitting mechanism transmits 4 toI relay |19 the tenheretofore mentioned predetermined signals onrthe insertion of the plug v,|02 in 'either of thejacks 99 and |0| when a transfer'is made from` one of the line circuits to the other. u

, The .relay |19 operates in response to signals fir-om either the auxiliary transmitting mechawhchinl turn transmits by means of the duplexed 'line 8| to station A.

. ,At rstation vA a start-stop printer is represented embraced within the dashed parallelogram |92 and they operating magnet |93 thereof, has one side.. grounded and theV other side connected by .conductor |94 to the tongue of the differential Vpolarized relay 96. Thus the start-stop. printer is responsive to all signals transmitted over line conductor. 8| from lstation B to station A. Two

,contacts |96 and |91 are mounted on the printer |92 so that, theyy areadapted to be closed by the figures ,shift and the S bar respectively. These two contacts are in series with battery, the slowto-release relay |22 and ground. Whenever a gures shift signal is followed by a letter S signal previous to the reception of a letters shift signal, contacts |96 and |91 will be simultaneously closed and consequently complete a circuit to relay |22. This condition is one that will be set up by the transmission of the first two signals of the auxiliary transmitting mechanism T3. The energization of relay |22 completes a circuit through the second contact group thereof from battery to a bell |98 and light |99 to ground. The bell |98 and light |99 will therefore operate and thus establish'an audible and visible signal at station A to let the attendant there know that a receiving station is transmitting a message. The fourth, fth and sixth signals from the auxiliary transmitter at station B are -S, Y and N- which are followed by an equal sign and then two signals representing the station transmitting. The attendant at station A on the receipt of such amessage sees that a synchronizing signal is immediatelyl transmitted.

Under normal operation the key 20| is open and therefore as relayV |22 is energized, the first contact group thereofy opens the circuit from ground through the key ||9 over conductors |2| and |23through the start relay |24. The deenergizing time of relay |22 is somewhat greater than the time required for the brush arm |26 to make .two complete revolutions and therefore the brush arm will be stopped on the completion of an even numbered revolution as heretofore described. With the brush arm |26 stopped, a rest impulse is transmitted and a prolonged rest impulse comprises a synchronizing period. Thus on the receipt of figures shift signal followed by a letter S signal, a synchronizing period is automatically interposed into the signals being transmitted from station A. The synchronizing period allows the brush arm |44 at station B to be stopped in its rest position and the relay |53 to `deenergize, which are the normal positions for the brush arm and relay.

Y synchronizing may be accomplished manually instead of automatically, if desired. With the-l` key 20| closed, kthe relay |22 in operating will not open the circuit to the relay |24 and the synchronizing period is manually interposed into the signalsbeing transmitted, by the attendant opening the key ||9 for a predetermined length of time when the need for such a period is brought to his attention by thev operation of the bell |98 and light |99.

It is obvious, of course, that Various modifications of the apparatus and circuits shown herein may be made without departing from the spirit or essential attributes of the invention. Thus,

while the system described above is directed to the problem of phasing two channels, the invention may be utilized in other synchronizing systems. It is desired, therefore, that only such limitations shall befplaced thereon as are imby said control station simultaneously transmits 5 signals over a plurality of said channels to said remote station, recording means at said remote station selectively controlled by the signals from one of said channels and means at said remote vstation for automatically transmittingv to said control :station Aa' group Vof"pre'deterrnine'rl 'signals when "the ``control `of lsaid recording means IYis 'changed from one of y'said channels "to another. "2.'In' a telegraph systemja control station, a remote station, r`'a 'plurality of lines connecting said y'stationsfa" main transmitting mechanism at said c'ontrol'station normally transmittingfto-said plurality of lines,- a recording mechanism at said Vremote station normallyfconnected to one of said linesfan auxiliary transmitter Vat said remote station, ymeans for connecting said recording mechanism to`any one of saidplurality of lines and meansA operative on the connection *ofr said recording mechanism'to any oneof said lines whereby the operationY of 'said auxiliary transmitter is initiatedE to transmit'tov said control station a group of predetermined signals. v

3. In a transmitter, *a motor for driving'said transmitter, a source of electrical energy'for said motor, means for controllingthe application of saidsource of energy to said motor andmeans operative a predeterminedlength of 'timlef after the application o f"saidf'source'of'energy to said motor to initiate the operation of said transmitter, means to stop the` operation of `said `transmitter and means operative a predetermined length ofA time Lafter the operation of saidlast mentioned means foroperating said first mentioned means v A I 4. In a telegraph commnnication system, a control station, a remote station, a plurality offmain channels adapted for communication between said control station and vsaid remote station, a single auxiliary channel adapted for communication between said remote station andA said control station, a main transmittingY mechanism at saidcontrol station adapted to transmit telegraph 'signals simultaneouslyr over vsaid main channels to said remote station,A said signals embodying synchronizing periods interposed thereinl at predetermined intervals by said main'transmitting mechanism, a receiver at said remote station adapted to record said signals normally connected to any one of said main channels and selectively controlled by the signals transmitted'overlsaid channel, meansvfor connecting said receiverito each one of said main channels, a main transmitter at said remote station normally connected to said auxiliary channel, a receiver at said control station connected to saidauxiliary channel, an auxiliary transmitter at said `remote station having a cycle of operation in which a group of predetermined signals are transmitted, means operative whenever said receiver at said remote station is connected to any one of said'main channels to disconnect saidmain transmitter 4from said auxiliary channel and connect said auxiliary transmitter thereto, means operative subsequently toinitiate the operation of said auxiliary transmitter, means controlled by lsaid auxiliary trans- 'mitterto stop the operation thereof afterone cycle of operation and'disconnect the same "from said auxiliary channel and reconnect said main transmitter theretoyand means YcontrolledV by said receiver at said control station whereby the receipt of predetermined vsignals automatically interposes a synchronizing period into the signals "transmitted from said control station, said pre- ;munication between said stations, one of said channels' beingV adapted Vfor 'communication yfrom said i au'riliary :ist-'ation f'to said "ma-ih istaton, the rest of said channels Ibeing radapted "for communication from said main station to said auxiliaryffst'ation,-a receiver at `said?af'lixilia'ry station, vI 'neansfor' connectingsaid receivertd each-A of said channels Vvone wiat'` 'a *time* atv saidlauxi-liary station, a transmitterjatl -sa-id auxiliaryls'station having'f a definiteoperating-cycle, control means for-said transmitter,'-'means to4- render said control means operativeffontheconnection of said receiverto one of l said channels, meansffcontrolled -`by said control means'to initiate-'the operation of `said transmitter wherebysaid tranSm-i'tterftransmits to said main *stat-ion and means controlled Y yby"-"said transmitter to l'stopt-the same `^after each 'cycle of operation.

6JIn la"transmitter, a motor'-for-fdrivingfsaid transmitter, a'yso'urce 'off' electricalenergyy for lsaid motor, means foricontrollingV the 'application' of saidjsource'fof-'energy to saidm'otor and Vmeans operative a predetermined length `of time after the' application of said AsourceV of energyto said .motorI and independent of the arnounto rotation thereof jto f automatically initiate the voperation ofsaidtra'risn'flitter` v 7. In combinationya telegraph'transmitter'- havinga deni-tefcycle'of operationinwhicha plurality of 'predetermined code'combinations of impulses are'V transmitted, a sourcefof "power for driving 'said transmitterjmeans f"for controlling said sourceof power,V 'means fforj' :controlling the application ofisaid power tofsaid transmitter 'and means for controlling the operation'- ofsaidcrst and; second Ymentionedfmeans inv a v"deiinite' ltimed relation, Aand means for rendering Saldi first-and second mentioned' means inoperative inadefinite timed relation. 'Y

' 8.l In'combinationg-alt'elegraph transmitterfhav- 'ing' a predetermined cycle of" operation, a motor v(for driving-said transmittenl af clutc'hf'finterpo'sed between said motor andsaid transmitt'er, a source-of energy-forsaid motor; an electro-magnet for controlling theapplication'j'of said-s'ource :of energy 'to "saidrnotor, a "secondelectro-magnet controlled bysaid nr'st electro-magnet adapted to'operate Witlrajdefinite time lag after the 0peration of said'rst electro;magnet,y a third electro#magnetV under the -jointcontrol of said rst and second electroima'gnetsand adapted to control the'operationof said clutchgmeans to render said iir'st "electrorna'gnet voperative,meansto render said rst and thirdelectromagnets inoperative duringY the "operating cycle vof said transmitter, Vand means comprising said second electrcmagnet wherebyv said source'of energy is removed from said motor after the completiony of a cycle of ,operation ofV said transmitter.

9. In combination, a telegraph transmitter Vhav- 'ing a definite cycle of operation, a motor' fordrivinterconnecting said remote stations withfsaid central station, means to' connect a lrecorder at a remote station to'predetermined of saidip'a'r'ty "lines, means whereby such operationsr arey registered at said central station and meansfautornatic'ally"operative "thereafter "whereby- `said "a lvelyassociating said receiver with any one of H'transmittera'.t"said "central station automatically "transmits signals bfa .predetermined character l-Vto'said predetermined party lines.

y l'LmIn-a f telegraph system; 'a-- plurality 'of 'rec mote stations, a vcentral station for disseminating groups (of ,signals to `said f remote stations; means v'forfseparating said signals by synchronizing --periods normally l automatically inserted therebetween at predeterminedintervals, a rst chanlnel Ontran'Smitting signals froml saidcentral r'staticn' tofsaid remote'fstations, a 'second channel stations and said central station, means "forconnectingeachofsaid remote stations to said iirst channel, means embodying said second channel whereby said connecting operation is registered at said central station and means whereby said central station thereupon automatically-dissemi` nates a synchronizing period.

12. In combination, a sending line, a telegraph transmitterhaving a definite cycle of operation,v

a motor for driving said transmitter, a clutch interposed between said transmitter and motor, means to connect said transmitter to said line and concomitantly render said motor operative, means operative a predetermined length of time thereafter to operate said clutch whereby said transmitter is operative, means controlled by said transmitter during the operation thereof for rendering said clutch inoperative to stop said transmitter at the completion of each cycle of operation and concomitantly disconnect said transmitter from said line and means to render said motor'inoper'ative after the completion of each cycle of operation of said transmitter.

13. In a telegraph system of the type requiring phasing, a central station, a plurality of remote stations, means interconnecting said stations, means at said central station for phasing said central station with said receiving stations and independent means at each of said remote stations and said central station for operating said phasing means.

14. In a telegraph system, a central station, a remote receiving station, a plurality of receiving and sending line circuits in parallel between said stations, a telegraph receiver at said receiving station, means for operatively associating said receiver with any one of said receiving line circuits at a time and means responsive to the transfer of the receiver from one of said receiving circuits to another forautomatically signaling the central station.

15. In a telegraph system, a central station, a plurality of remote receiving stations, a plurality of parallel line circuits extending between said stations, some of said circuits being adapted for signaling from said central station to said remote station and the others of said circuits adapted for signaling from ysaid remote stations to said central station, a telegraph receiving unit at each of said remote stations, means for operatively associating said receiving units with any one of said first mentioned line circuits at a time and means for automatically signaling said central station over one of said second mentioned line circuits whenever the control of a receiving unit is `changed from one of said iirst mentioned line circuits to another.

16. In a telegraph system, a central station, a remote station, a plurality of parallel line circuits between said stations, a transmitter at said central station adapted to transmit over pre- -determined of said line circuits, a telegraph re- 'saidpredetermined line circuits at a time and means for automatically'controlling said trans- 4mittferat saidv central'station to automaticallyV transmita predetermined signal to said remote ,station whenever the'control of'said receiving vuriitj'is'transferred from one of said' predetermfined circuits to another. A

'17. Inatelegraph'sys'tem, a central station, ay `vpriralityof'remote stations, a plurality of parlel Yad'apt'edfor communication between'saidk remote f' t simultaneously' over' predetermined of said line circuits, a telegraph receiverateach of said remote stations, means at each of said remote stations for operatively associating the receiver thereat with any one of said predetermined line circuits at a time and means for automatically controlling said transmitting mechanism to transmit a predetermined signal to all of said remote stations whenever the control of a receiver at any of said remote stations is changed from one of said predetermined line circuits to another.

18. In a telegraph system of the type operating in conjunction with synchronizing signals, a central station, a receiving station, a single synchronizing means for synchronizing said stations one with the other and means for controlling said synchronizing means from either of said stations.

19. In a telegraph system of the type operating in conjunction with and requiring phasing, a central station, a remote station, a plurality of channels between said stations, means at said central station for phasing said station with said receiving station and means for rendering said phasing means operable, said last mentioned means being manually operable at said central station and automatically operable from said remote station when the control thereof is changed from one of said channels to another.

20. In a telegraph system, a central station, a plurality of remote stations, a plurality of parallel line circuits from said central station to said remote stations, a receiving unit at each of said remote stations, means for operatively associating each of said receiving units with any one of predetermined line circuits at a time, and automatic means for transmitting over other of said line circuits to said central station a permutation code signal when the control of any one of said receiving units is changed from one of said predetermined line circuits to another, said permutation code signal being indicative of the station at which the change is made.

2l. In combination, a telegraph transmitter having a definite cycle of operation in which a plurality of predetermined code combinations of impulses are transmitted, a source of power for driving said transmitter, means for controlling said source of power, means for controlling the application of rsaid power to said transmitter and means for controlling the operation of said rst and second mentioned means in a definite timed relation.

22. In combination, a telegraph transmitter having a denite cycle of operation in which a plurality of predetermined code combinations of impulses are transmitted, a source of power for driving said transmitter, means for controlling said source of power, means for controlling the application of said power to said transmitter and minating thereat and means operative thereupon whereby transmission from said central station is automatically halted for at least a predetermined length of time.

24. In a telegraph system, a central station, a plurality of remote stations, a plurality of parallel line circuits from said central station to said remote stations, a receiving unit at each of said remote stations, means for operatively associating each of said receiving units With any one of predetermined line circuits at a time, and means for automatically transmitting over other of said line circuits to said central station a group of predetermined signals when the association of any one of said receiving units is changedv from one of said predetermined line circuits to another.

RAY HOOVER.

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