US2138856A - Lock - Google Patents

Description

F. H. HARP Dec. 6, 1938.

LOCK

Filed April 17, 1933' 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR h. Harp Patented Dec. 6, 1938 LOCK "Franklin H. Harp; Seattle, Wash., assignor to. Frank E. Best, Inc., Seattle, Wash a corporation of Washington Application April 17, 1933, Serial N0. 666,520

2 Claims. (01. 70216) My invention relates to looks and the general object of my invention is to improve'the construction of locks generally and to render the same more efiicientand reliable in operation.

The invention as herein disclosed .is embodied in a door lock of the form commonly termed a unit lock? but it will be understood that the invention is not to be restricted to so called unit looks but that many features'of the same are applicable to locks of other types.

An object of my invention is to provide a lock having a knob, thumb piece or like actuating device connected with the lock mechanism by shear or friction means whereby an attempt to force the look by unauthorized persons will result in the shearing off or slippage of parts before the lock will be damaged. When a door knob having a lock therein is thus provided with shear or slippage means it is necessary to provide throw mechanism connecting said lock with a bolt, which throw mechanism will permit the knob to be rotated without retracting the bolt or without damaging said throw mechanism in the event the shear means is sheared "off or slippage of the friction means is compelled, said throw mech-- a lock constructed in accordance with my invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of said lock substantially on broken line 2-2 of Fig. 1, parts being shown in elevation. r j

Fig. 3 is .a detached view partly in section and partly in elevation through a knob lock mechanism embodied in this lock, showing parts of the throw mechanism connected therewith. V

Fig. 4 is a detached view partly in elevation and partly in section showing parts of the throw mechanism in slightly spaced apart relation.

Figs. 5 and 6 arediagrammatic elevations on a larger scale substantially on broken line 5-5 of Fig. 4, of the throw parts shown in Figs. 3 and 4,'showin'g different operative positions of the several parts. i v

Fig. -7 is a fragmentary view partly in section and partly in elevation illustrating the operation of a bolt member embodied in this lock; the bolt member being shown in fully retracted position and a bolt blocking member being shown, partly by dotted lines, in a blocking position,

'Figs. 8 and 9 are detached plan views of two types of bolt retracting members embodied in this look. i

Figs. 10 and 11 are detached elevations respectively of two-tubular supporting members for the knob shanks.

'Fig. 12 is a detached plan View of a member which is used to secure the knob shanks in assembled relation in the lock.

Like reference numerals designate like parts throughout theseveral views.

In the following description I first describe a preferred form of door knob having shear means constructed in accordance with my invention;

3 One manner of constructing a door knob having shear means adapted to shear off before damage isdone to other parts of the lock-is illustrated in Figs. 1 and 3. This knob embodies a knob cylinder or lock case recessed as at 21 to receive a primary lock 22, preferably of pin tumbl'er type. The cylinder20 forms a body about which the knob is built. The knob may consist of an inner shell portion 23 and an outer shell portion 24. The outer shell portion 24 preferably forms the outer end and peripheral portion of the knob and overlies aportion of the end of r the cylinder 20 andhasan inwardly protruding annular rib '25 fitting over the end of the cylinder 20, said rib serving as a means for correctly positioning theshells relative to the, outer end cylinder member 20 and further has an inwardly extending flange portion 28 which overlaps the marginalpart of one side of an exte'rnalannular flange '30 which is integral with or otherwise fixedly secured to a knob shank 3|. The flange28 of the inner shell 23 is secured to knob shank flange 30 by a shear pin 32. The knob shank 3| is arranged to retract a lock bolt as hereinafter described, when it is turned. If a pipe wrench or like tool is placed on the outer shell portion 24 of the knob and an attempt is made to turn the same theshear pin 32 will be sheared off and permit the knob including the two shell memrepair of this nature by providing between the knob and the knob shank a friction means which replaces the shear means, said friction means affording a great enough friction so that the knob and the knob shank will be effectively locked together for all ordinary operation of the lock and at the same time allowing the knob to be turned wlnle the knob shank remains stationary if an attempt is made to force the lock.

The primary lock 22 which is disposed in the cylinder 20 may be of a well known pin tumbler type. The cylinder 20 has a flange portion 5| near its inner end which separates the compartment in which the primary lock 22 is disposed from a compartment 52 in which throw mechanism is positioned. This throw mechanism embodies a throw disc 53 having two throw pins 54 rigid therewith and protruding telescopically into the primary lock 22 whereby the throwdisc 53 may be turned by the insertion of a key in the primary look. A retainer plate 55 secured to-the housing flange 5| retains the-disc 53 in place and has an opening 55 therein to afford clearance for thetwo throw pins 54. The disc: 53 has a crank pin 51 protruding from the inner face thereof and extending through an elongated hole 58 in one end of a throw link 60. The other end of the throw link 60 has a hole 6| which fits over a throw lever pin 62 on a throw lever 63'which is secured. to the end of a throw spindle 64, preferably. of square cross section, by which latch mechanism of a form hereinafter described is operated. The throw link 60 is thus positioned so that it operates freely betweenthe throw lever 63 and the throw disc 53. When the throw disc 53 is in the normal inoperative positionwhich it must occupy at all timeswhen the key is removed from the lock the crank pin 51 on said throw disc 53 will be in axial alignment with the throw spindle 64 and both will coincide with the common axis of the knob spindle andthe knob. In the event the shear pin 32 is sheared off and the knob is turned without turning the knob shank, when the throw pin 51 and throw spindle 64 are thus positioned with their axis common tovthe axis of theknob and knob shank, the throw disc 53 will likewise be free to rotate onthis common axis but the knob spindle 64 will not be rotated and consequently the latch mechanism will not be retracted. This allows the shear pin 32 of a knob to be sheared off and the knob toberotated by an unauthorized person-when the latch mechanism is locked without operating the latch mechanism or damaging any part of the same, the shear means and throw means thus cooperating to prevent the look from being opened or seriously damaged by persons seeking to force the lock.

If the throw disc is rotated by insertion of the proper key in the lock the crank pin 51 moving around. on the arc of a circle, see Figs. 5 and 6, will exert a thrust on the link 60, which thrust will be transmitted to the throw lever pin 62 thus moving the throw lever 63 and turning the throw spindle 64. The turning of the throw spindle 64 may retract a latch bolt in a manner hereinafter knob without turning the throw spindle even though the throw lever pin is positioned slightly off center relative to the axis of the knob and knob shank; T I a A knob-shank bearing-tube 65, Figs. 1, 2, 10 and 11, is provided for the reception of the knob shanks 3|. This bearing tube 65 is supported in a bearing tube holder 66 which is secured, as by screws 6'! to a lock case 68. A set screw Ill serves to clamp the bearing tube 65 to the bearing tube holder 66. The bearing tube 65 is cut away asv at, 1| to afford clearance for the operation of a plurality of throw members 12, I3 and H. The two throw members 12 and 13 are shaped to fit .within counterbored and notched portions 15 in the ends of the knob shanks 3| whereby they will be moved rotatively by the turningsof these knob shanks. These two throw members are hereinafter termed knob throws. When a primary lock 22 is provided in one knob only, as illustrated in Fig; 2, then only one look throw I4 is provided and this lock throw is operated'by the single spindle 64. Suitable springs, hereinafter described always tend to return the locking spindle to normal position when it is released and the. primary, pin tumbler lock requires that the key must always be brought back to the same position before it can be withdrawn from the lockthis always insures correct positioning of the primarylock throw parts andthe spindle when the lock is not in actual use. The spindles 63 may be of square cross section, the openings 3|, in the knob shanks may be circular, the openings 12' a'nd'l3' in thehub portions of the knob throws 12 and 13 may also be circular so that the knob and knob shanks are not rotatively connected with the spindle. The opening [4 inthe lock throw '14 may be square whereby the lock throw 14 will be controlled'by the turning of the spindle which passes therethrough.

Two pairs of slots 84,Fig. 10 are provided in the bearing tube 65 and extend partially around said bearing tube' 65 adjacent opposite ends of the cut away portions H for the reception of flat prongs on U shaped clips 86, Fig. 12, by which the knob shanks 3| are secured in asserrlbledrelation within the bearing tube 65, the said prongs 85 fitting within annular grooves 81 in the knob shanks. These clips form a very eflicient means for holding the knob shanks and permit, a. very quick and easy assembly or disassembly without the use of special tools. A quickly and easily removable slide plate 88 forms a closure at the rear end of the lock case, This slide plate also retains the clips 86 in proper "position when the lock is assembled.

The bearing tube holder 66 has two arms 69 protruding from the upper end thereof at diametrically opposite'locations and. positioned in contact with the sides of the bearing tube. These arms 69 each having a plurality of spaced apart holesv 90. therein andthe bearing tube is correspondingly provided with holes 9| which register with the holes in the arms 69. The knob shanks 3| are also provided with holes 92 which register with the holes in the arms 69 and bearing tube. 65. These severalholes constitute a part of the means for locking the knob shanks 3| against turning. Onlyone set of these holes for each knob shank-need be occupied by. pins for locking the knob shanks. The elements which look into these holes 90, 9|, 92 are in the .nature of pin means 93 in' a locking slide 94. The

slide shown in Fig. 1, 2 and 7 may comprise a flat face portion 95 to which the pin 93 is secured 75 iii) and a fiat shank portion 96 positioned at right angles to the face portion 95 and guided for sliding movement in notch means 91 which is provided in guide means 99 which is fixedly secured to the lock case 68. A slide retainer bracket I00 is provided for holding the slide shank 96 down. The top edge of the slide shank 96 has a shoulder IOI thereon for-engagement with the forward edge of the slide retainer bracket I00 whereby rearward movement ofisaid slide is limited and a notch I02 is provided in the top edge of said slide shank just forward of the shoulder IOI for the reception of an arm, I03 on a thumb turn operated spindle I04. An upright post I05 having a pin I06 on the top end thereof forms a positioningand bearing means for the spindle I04 and said spindle I04 is further sup tion within the cover I01 of the lock case 68. The lower edge of the slide shank .96 has two or more notches I08 provided therein for engagement by a V shaped detent element I09 provided on a flat spring I I0 see Figs. 2 and 7. Obviously oscillating movement of the thumb turn spindle I04 will move the slide back and forth and cause the pin 93 to enter or'to' be withdrawn from the hole 92 in the knob shank 3I thus looking or unlocking the knob as respects turning movement thereof.

An indicator I6I may be secured by apivot I62 to the bracket member 98 and engaged by an inclined front edge I63 on the locking slide 94. When locking slide 94 is in looking position the indicator is moved out through a hole I64 in the lock case, thus indicating visibly that the lock is in a locked condition. When the locking slide 94 is retracted a spring I65 retracts the indicator I6I and causes it to disappear inside of the lock case.

The lock case 68 is provided with a faceplate I30 having anflopening I3I for operation of a bolt mer'nber I32 of conventional hollow type which is mounted on a pivot I33. A bolt trip I34 Figs. 1 and '7 is secured within the bolt member I32 by a pivot I35 and has a catch portion I36 which projects out of the bolt member into the lock housing. A torsion'spring I31 urges the bolt trip I34 into the position shown in Fig. 2. This bolt trip I34 has another pivot I38 which is connected with a sub-tongue member I39 which extends into the lock case and rests upon the bracket I00. The sub-tongue member I39 has a slot I40 engaged by a finger I4I on a tongue plate I42 which is guided for sliding movement in the lock case. A spring I43 engages with a lug I44 on the tongue plate I42 and urges said tongue plate I42 toward the forward end of the lock housing. The central portion of the tongue plate I42 is cut away for clearance purposes and two wings I45 are provided on the rear end of the tongue plate for engagement with the several throw members which are operated either by turning of the knobs or by turning of keys in the locks. When one of the throw members I2, I3, or 14 is turned in either direction it will engage with one of the wing members I45 and simultaneously retract the tongue plate I42, the sub-tongue I39 and the bolt I32. When the bolt I32 is retracted by pressure due to the closing of the door the slot I40 in the sub-tongue allows retractile movement of the bolt and sub-tongue without moving the tongue plate or turning the knobs thus saving wear on these parts. A compression spring I58 engages with a member I59 in the bolt member I32 and yieldingly urges said bolt ted for rotamember I32 outwardly. The action of the spring I3'I urges the bolt trip I34 into a position in which the catch member I36 is moved down into the path of a bolt blockingmember I46 which is carried on a pin I41 and partially guided in the bracket I 00. The pin I4I extends out throughthe side of the lock 'case and is positioned where it may engage a door jam or plate I48 and Be moved thereby into obstructing position relative to the catch member I36 of the bolt trip I34. A

spring I50 exerts an outward pressure on the pin I41 and blockingmember I46. Whena pull is exerted on the sub-tongue I39 the first movement produced by this pull will be, a rockingpmovementv of the bolt trip I34. which will move the catch member I36 out of thepath of the blocking member I46 after which, further retractile movement of the sub-tongue I39 will retract the bolt I32 into a position as shown in Fig. 7. If an attempt is made to press the bolt I32 back when the door is closed and the blocking member I46 is in obstructing position the catch member I36 will engage the xblocking member I46 as shown in Fig. 8, and blockR-the retraction of said bolt. This is a safety feature which prevents opening of the look by insertion of a thin tool between the face plate I30 and the strike plate I5l of the lock. When the door is not fully closed the blocking member I46 will not be in obstructing position and the bolt I32 may be retracted by pressure, in the usual reason the blocking member I46 does not interfere with the normal operation of the bolt I32.

The foregoing description and accompanying drawings clearly disclose a preferred embodiment of my invention but it will be understood that this disclosure is merely illustrative and such changes in the invention may be made as are fairly within the scope and spirit of the following claims.

'. I claim:

1. In a lock of the classdescribed, a knob mounted for rotation, a primary lock mechanism in said knob, a rotatable key plug in said primary lock mechanism, a throw pin on the end of said key plug movable in a circular path by rotation of the key plug and normally positioned substantially coaxially of. said knob, a lock spindlepositioned in substantially axial alignment with said knob and saidthrowpin, and throw means connecting said throw pin with said lock spindle, said throw means having a pivotal connection with said throw pin whereby said knob may be turned without turning said lock spindle.

2. In a lock of the class described, a knob mounted for rotation, a lock spindle mounted coaxially of said knob, a primary lock mechanism in said knob, a rotatable key plug in said primary lock mechanism, a throw pin on the end of said key plug movable in a circular path by rotation of the key plug and normally positioned in substantially axial alignment with said knob and said lock spindle, a crank member secured on the end of said lock spindle, and a link positioned between said crank member and the end of said key plug, said link being pivotally connected at one point with said throw pin and being pivotally connected at another point with said crank member whereby said knob may be turned with out turning said lock spindle and said lock spindle may be turned by turning said key plug.

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