US2133623A - Gas mixing device - Google Patents

Description

W. J. LINN 2,133,623

GAS MIXING DEVICE Filed Aug. 18, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet l OCIc 1s, 1938.

Oct. 18

W J-A LINN GAS MIXING DEVICE Filed Aug. 18, 1957 2 Shee'csfShee'c 2 Uw/ M .6 ma /7J 5 3 45@ L 4, 4. Z 3 3M A TT ORN Ey;

Patented Oct. 18, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 5 Claims.

This invention relates to a gas mixing device, more particularly to a gas mixing attachment mounted between the carburator and the intake manifold of internal combustion engines.

As is well known, excessive heat in the carburator causes the fuel to expand, which in turn causes hard starting, loss of mileage, loss of power and irregular running of the engine, it also causes the so-called vapor-lock.

Extensive tests to determine the cause of vapor-lock have shown, that in nearly all cases, the fuel vaporizes, due to over heat, after entering the carburator, instead of retaining its liquid state which is essential for proper performance of an engine.

The present invention abolishes these troubles and it is therefore one of the objects of this invention to provide a device which assists in reducing the excessive heat in the vicinity of the carburator which rises, while the engine is running, from the manifold.

Another object of this invention is to provide a device which thoroughly mixes the fuel with the air as it ows from the carburator through the intake manifold.

Yet another object of this invention is to'pro- Vide a venturi or disperser which considerably breaks up the gases of combustion thereby increasing the efliciency of the engine by increasing its power and permitting advancing the spark 5 to 6 degrees without causing rough idling of the engine.

A further object of this invention is to provide a Venturi type atomizer which creates positive cross air currents and positive compound atomization of the fuel.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a Venturi type atomizer which permits wide open performance, due to its unobstructed design, thereby overcoming the disadvantage usually due to volumetric efciency losses.

Another object of this invention is the provision of a fuel disperser or atomizer which is provided with a series o-f heat deflecting plates by means of which a more complete combustion of the mixture is obtained, thereby reducing to a minimum the amount of carbon accumulation within the cylinders of the engine. l

Still a further object of the invention is to devise a combination Venturi disperser or at- (Cl. iS-

a device by means of which the idling of the engine is considerably improved.

Yet another object of the invention resides in a device which is' very simple, inexpensive and eniciently constructed and capable of being readily installed between the carburator and the heat-box or manifold without altering the construction of any part of the engine.

With these and other objects in view, the invention resides in the certain novel construction, combination and arrangement o-f parts, the essential features of which are hereinafter fully described, are particularly pointed out in the appended claims, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 represents a top View of the complete device in accordance with the invention.

Figure 2 is a side view of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a sectional view along line 3 3 in Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a perspective View o-f thev Venturi element as used in the invention.

Figure 5 is a sectional View along line 5--5 in Figure 4.

Figure 6 shows a developed view of the Venturi element including the staggered slots.

Figure '7 is an isometric reduced view of one of the deector plates as used in the invention.

Figure 8 is an isometric reduced View of one of the serrated plates as used in the invention.

Figure 9 is an isometric reduced view of the center-disc as used in the invention.

Figure 10 is an enlarged sectional fragmentary view along 5- 5 in Figure 4 of the lower part of the venturi including a portion of the manifold, showing how the slots assist in breaking and ,leading the heavy fuel through the gap between the venturi and the manifold.

Figure 11 is a fragmentary perspective and exploded View of an internal combustion engine, including the new invention.

Referring to the drawings in detail, l5 designates in general an internal combustion engine of the conventional type which includes an intake manifold l5, an exhaust manifold I1, a heat-box IS, a carburator I9 and a fan 20.

The said heat-box I8 and said carburator I9 are provided with suitable flanges 2l and 22 respectively, and between these anges and indil cated by the numeral 23 is mounted the invention in its entirety, as Figure 1l indicates.

The improved air cooled and heat deflected fue] atomizer, as best shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3 consists in general of a venturi 24, a center-disc 25,

a pair of serrated plates 26 and 21, and a pair of deflector plates 28 and 29.

Referring now to Figures 3, 4, 5, and 6 which show various views of the venturi 24 as used in the invention, and the same comprises an exteriorly cylindrical ring 36 which is provided, about midways, with a circular shoulder 3|, for a purpose which will be described later.

The interior of said venturi 24 isv hollowed out conically from both ends, the upper end of which being numbered 32, and the lower end of which being numbered 33, thereby forming a cavity narrowing at the junction 34, as best shown in Figure 3.

Figure 6 of the drawings shows the position of three distinctive rows of horizontally disposed parallel and interrupted slots 35, 36 and 31 respectively. These slots are staggered and preferably arranged, as shown.

In close proximity to the top edge 38 of said Venturi 24 is a circular groove 39, and the bottom edge 46 of said venturi is provided with an inwardly directed, conic deflector-rim 4I, as shown in Figure 10.

Figure 9 shows the center-disc 25 as used in the device, and the same comprises a center-hole 43 which snugly ts, when assembled, around the outside of the circular shoulder 3| of venturi 24. A pair of apertures 44 and 45 are provided, through which the attaching bolts 46 (Figure 11) pass for the purpose of securely situating the attachment between the secured ends of the intake heat-box I8 and the carburator I9. This center-disc 25 may be of heat resisting or other suitable material and is cut out around the said apertures 43, 44 and 45 to obtain a contour as shown in Figure 9.

Figure 8 shows one of the two serrated plates 26, 21 as used in the invention, and the same comprises a rectangular plate 48 having serrated edges 49. This plate is provided with a centrally disposed hole 56 and a pair of aligned bolt-holes 5| and 52 which, when assembled, should coincide with center-hole 43 and bolt- holes 44 and 45 of center-disc 25.

Figure '1 of the drawings shows one of the two deilector plates 28 and 29 as used in the device and the same comprises a rectangular plate 54 which has an offset cutout 55 of approximately the same contour as the connecting end 2| of heat-box I8, and the flange 22 of the carburetor I 9, of course, this cutout 55 must be slightly larger to allow these ends 2| and 22 to freely pass when assembling.

Again referring to Figure 3 of the drawings which shows a cross sectional view of the cornplete invention, the assembly of the various elements as previously described is as follows:

Center-disc 25 is placed between the serrated plates 26 and 21 and riveted, cemented or otherwise fastened together, so that the apertures of the same coincide. The deflector plates 28, 29 are then soldered, welded or riveted to serrated plates 26, 21 an appreciable distance apart by means of suitable distance pieces 58, in a manner, as for instance shown in Figures 1 and 3. Of course these distance pieces may be eliminated should it be desirable to form the same in one piece with the deflector plate.

The venturi 24 is now forced or pressed into the coinciding holes 43 and SI1-which completes the assembly of the device, ready to be attached to an engine as heretofore described. When so assembled, it will be noted, that the combined thickness of the center-disc 25 and the two serrated plates 26 and 21 corresponds to the width of shoulder 3| of the venturi 24 and furthermore, the horizontal and parallel slots and 36 of said venturi 24 are so arranged, that for instance, the bottom edge 59 of said slots 35 comes flush with the serrated plate 26 and the top edge 66 of said slots 36 comes flush with the serrated plate 21.

As previously described, the complete improved device is easily and quickly secured between the heat-box I8 and the carburator I9 by means of bolts 46.

With this improved device in position, the fuel and air mixture from the carburator is drawn through the device before passing into the hotbox I8 and intake manifold I6 and is additionally atomized so that the mixture is conveyed to the engine as a vapor which is free from fuel globules which assures that no fuel in liquid state is drawn into the cylinders with the tendency of diluting the oil in the crank-case, at the same time the carburator'is protected from the excessive heat radiating from the heat-box and manifold by means of the described heat deflector, thus, a maximum mileage from the fuel is attained.

When idling, the fuel and air mixture enters my device in which the light ends of the mixture strike the deilecting groove 39 and then follow the inner contour of the venturi until the mixture strikes the inwardly directed coneshaped deflector rim 4| by means of which the flow of the mixture is concentrated towards the center of the venturi 24. The heavy ends of the mixture will drip between the gap 6| existing between the interior of the carburator flange 22 and the upper outside face of ring portion 36 of the venturi 24, and since the shoulder 3| of the latter divides the exterior of the venturi into an inlet portion 62 and an outlet portion 63, the

Vheavy ends of the mixture are forced from gap 6I toward the interior of the venturi through slots35 and then through the restricted area 34 Y of the venturi, which, as is well known, produces the highest mixing velocity at this area, and due to the high vacuum in the gap 64 existing between the connecting end 2| of the heat-box I8 and the lower outside surface of Venturi-ring 36, the heavy ends of the mixture are drawn partly through slots 36 and partly through slots 31, whereas the light ends of the mixture will continue along the inner surface of venturi 24 and then deflected toward the center of the venturi by the deilecting rim 4I and so returned, thoroughly atomized, to the mixture flow.

It is well known in the art, that, at lower speeds the vacuum in a manifold of an engine is always high and at higher speeds the vacuum is always low; it is also known, that the fuel mixture, due to high pressure created by a wide open throttle allows the air to enter the manifold at a very high rate of speed thereby causing a high pressure against the slots 35, 36 and 31 of the venturi 24, thus forcing the remaining unbroken heavy ends through above mentioned slots. This results in a completely vaporized and gaseous fuel mixture, which may be used with maximum efflciency for combustion purposes which will eliminate carbon deposits Within the cylinders of the engine to a marked extent and also the fouling of the spark plugs, and moreover, by completely vaporizing the fuel mixture economy may be secured from a standpoint of fuel consumption.

Referring now to Figure 10 of the drawings which illustrates a fragmentary cross sectional View of the lowermost end of the venturi 24, in

which is indicated by means of arrows how the heavy ends of the fuel mixture are finally and additionally broken up by directing the same through the horizontal slots 31 and out between the gap 64 in a thoroughly mixed condition to the cylinders of the engine.

As best shown in Figure 3, gaskets 42 are interposed between the opposite sides of the serrated plates 26, 2T and the flange end 22 of the carburator i9 and the connecting end 2l of the heat-box i3 respectively in order to produce a tight joint between the parts.

At this time, it should be noted, that special care has been taken in the design of the venturi to provide an unobstructed passage for the mixture, which otherwise would ultimately interfere with volumetric efficiency, meaning more fuel consumption with less wide open performance.

To eliminate excessive heating of the fuel in the carburator which causes vapor-lock, boiling and therefore excessive expansion of the fuel and other undesirable performances of the engine, the venturi is provided with a heat deflecting attachment, made preferably in unison with the venturi, as shown in Figure 3. As the heat rises from the heat-box I8 and the manifold I6, it strikes the bottom deflector plate 29, the serrated plates 2l and 26 and then the top deflector plate 28. At the same time, the continuous current of air from the engine fan forces the air through the air-gap 41 and over the outside faces of the deilecting plates 28 and 29 thus deflecting .and carrying away the rising heat from the manifold from the vicinity of the carburator thereby eliminating the above stated disadvantages due to overheating of the carburator.

While it is entirely possible to use metallic deilector plates 28, 29, it is preferred to use heat insulating material for the same, since the device is not intended to be used as a heat radiator, but as a heat deflector.

Of course, the size of these deector plates may vary to suit the type of carburator used in the engine.

The present invention is believed to be a Vital departure from any previous devices in the arts pertaining thereto and for the objects intended.

In the foregoing disclosure, the discription has been more or less confined to the one embodiment shown herein but it will be understood that in actual practice a different arrangement to attain efficient cooperation of the various parts of the device will not constitute a departure from the broader scope of the invention.

l. In combination with a carburator and the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine, a Venturi member having a straight outer wall surface and downwardly and upwardly flaring inner wall surfaces; upper and lower rows of horizontal and parallely disposed slots penetrating the walls of said Venturi member; said straight outer wall surface provided with an annular shoulder between the upper and lower slots, a plurality of plates tting snugly about said shoulder and having a combined thickness not greater than the thickness of the shoulder, and means to secure said plates between the connecting ends of said carburator and intake manifold.

2. In combination with a carburator and the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine, a Venturi member having a straight outer wall surface and downwardly and upwardly flaring inner wall surfaces, said outer wall surface provided about midways with a horizontal annular shoulder, a plurality of horizontally disposed plates fitting snugly about said shoulder and having a combined thickness substantially equal to the thickness of the shoulder, means to secure said plates between said connecting ends of the carburator and intake manifold, the outer wall of said Venturi member being of smaller diameter than the inner wall of the corresponding connecting ends of said carburator and manifold thereby forming a cylindrical chamber between said Wall surfaces; said plates dividing said chamber into upper and lower sections, when in position, and horizontal slotted ports in said Venturi member above and below the plates to facilitate communication between said sections and the flared interior of said Venturi member.

3. In combination with a manifold inlet neck and a carburator outlet neck, a Venturi tube housed in adjoining portions of said necks and spaced from walls thereof, a barrier about said Venturi intermediate the length thereof fitting between the confronting ends of the necks and dividing space between the walls of the necks and the Venturi into upper and lower sections, said venturi being formed with slots above and below the barrier, and fasteners extending through the barrier and confronting portions of the necks to secure the barrier in position to serve as a gasket for ends of the necks.

4. In combination with a manifold inlet neck and a carburator outlet neck, a Venturi tube housed in end portions of said necks and spaced from walls of the necks to provide an'annular passage about the venturi, an external circumferential shoulder about said venturi intermediate the length thereof, upper and lower plates and an intermediate plate tting about said shoulder and extending between ends of said necks, said plates having a combined thickness substantially equal to the shoulder and cooperating with the shoulder to divide the annular passage into upper and lower sections, and said venturi having horizontal slots above and below the shoulder constituting by-passes between the interior of said venturi and the upper and lower sections of the annular passage.

5. In combination with a manifold inlet neck and a carburator outlet neck, a Venturi tube housed in end portions of said necks and spaced from walls thereof to provide an annular passage, a circumferential shoulder about the venturi intermediate the length thereof, walls of the venturi being internally thickened to form an internal throat in the horizontal plane of the shoulder, upper and lower plates and an intermediate plate fitting about said shoulder and together therewith constituting a barrier dividing the annular passage into upper and lower sections, said venturi being formed with horizontal slots above and below the barrier, constituting by-passes, said plates extending between the ends of said necks and formed with aligned openings, and fasteners carried by one neck and passed through the openings and engaging the other neck to tightly clamp the plates between the necks and form a sealed joint.

WILLIAM J. LINN.

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