US2126985A

US2126985A - Fuel injection pump

Info

Publication number: US2126985A
Application number: US4442A
Authority: US
Inventors: Tracy V Buckwalter
Original assignee: Timken Roller Bearing Co
Current assignee: Timken Co
Priority date: 1935-02-01
Filing date: 1935-02-01
Publication date: 1938-08-16
Anticipated expiration: 1955-08-16

Description

Aug. 16, 1938.

T. V. BUCKWALTER INJECTION PUMP Filed Febv. l, 1935 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 m z f j,

Aug. V16, 1938. T. v. BUcKwALTER FUEL INJECTION PUMP 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Feb. l, 1955 v /N VENTO/a l wir Patented Aug. 16, 1938 Y vUNITED STATES .PATENT oFFlcE 2,126,985 g FUEL INJECTION PUMP Tracy V. Buckwaltcr, Canton, Ohio, assigner to The Timken Roller Bearing Company, Canton, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application February 1, 1935, Serial No. 4,442

13 Claims. (Cl. 103-41) thereof, particularly as respects the rotary ad-l justment of theV pump plunger.

The invention consists in the fuel injection pump, and in the parts and combinations and ari rangements of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, and wherein like numerals refer to like parts wherever they occur,

Fig. 1 is a central vertical section through a fuel pump embodying my invention, the plunger being shown at the end of its suction stroke,

Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1 with the plunger shown at the end of its compression i stroke, Y

Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 are horizontal sections on the lines 3-3, I-I, 5-5, 6 6, 1-1, respectively, in Fig. l,

Fig. 8 is a view showing in side elevation the i plunger, cylinder and regulating sleeve in assembled relation and the disassembled plunger bush ing, regulating sleeve retainer, regulating sleev spring follower and tappet,

Fig. 9 is a horizontal cross-section, similar to i Fig. 3, showing a ,modified arrangement for adjusting the pump cylinder,

Fig. 10 is a view of the lower end of the pump plunger, showing a modied arrangement for securing the split plunger bushing thereto, A

i Fig. 11 is an inner side view of one of the sections of the split bushing shown in Fig. 10,

Fig. 12 is a horizontal sectional view on the line I2-I2 in Fig. 10,

Fig. 13 is a fragmentary vertical central secl tion through a pump provided with a plunger rotating mechanism ,of modified form,

Fig. 14 isa horizontal section on the line I4-I4 in Fig. 13; and

Fig. 15 is a side view of the regulating sleeve i shown in-Fig. 13.

'Ihe working parts ofthe pump are enclosed in a housing I whichk has an enlarged bottom chamber 2 extending longitudinally of the housing and enclosing a ycam` shaft 3 upon which is i provided a cam or tappet 4 for each pump plunger orpiston. The housing is provided with vertical bores that communicate Vwith the longitudinal chamber 2 and eachof which contains a pump cylinder 5 and plunger 6 together with actuating i devices for the plunger.

Each pump cylinder 5 has an enlarged collar portion 1 seated on a shelf formed in the housing I. As shown in Fig. 3, each cylinder is provided in' its outer surface with notches 8 that face one side wall of the housing and are engagedby the 5 ends of screws 9 mounted in said side wall and provided with lock nuts I0. By means of these screws.' the angular position of the cylinder in the housing may be very accurately adjusted.

Fig. 9 illustrates a modified form of cylinder adl0 justing means wherein the cylinder is provided with notches 8a forming a rib II whose opposite sides are engaged by adjusting screws 9a mounted in the opposite side walls of the housing and provided with lock nuts Illa. l5

Extending through the housing I are a longitudinal passageway I2, receiving liquid fuel from a fuel feed pump (not shown) and communicating with a transverse feed opening I3 through the lwall of each cylinder 5, and alongitudinal passageway I4 for overow fuel. Said overiiow passageway communicates with a transverse overflow opening I5 in the wall of each cylinder opposite the inlet opening I3. The inlet opening I3'and the overilow opening I5 are preferably 25 disposed at different levels. The plungers 6 are of the general type provided with a recessed portion I6 having an inclined wall and communicating with a peripheral recess I1, whereby the effective feed stroke of the plunger may be reguiated by varying the angular position thereof. The bore of the cylinder 5 is of even diameter throughout its length; and a fuel discharge valve I8 is seated in the upper end of said cylinder. Fitting over the end of the cylinder is a hollow shell I9 threaded into the upper end of the housing I and seated against a gasket 20 on the top of the collar 1 of said cylinder. In the upwardly extending Kportion of the shell I9 is mounted a spring 2I,fwhich normally holds the fuel dis- 40 charge valve I8 against a beveled seat 22 proyided therefor in the upper end of the cylinder 5. A fuel discharge pipe 23 has a conical tip 2l that is seated in a conical counterbore in the end of said shell and the end of said discharge pipe is held in position by.- means of a cap 25 threaded onto the end of said shell and having a flange overlapping the shoulderformed by the tip portion .of said pipe.

Mounted in each vertical bore of said housing is a tappet cup 26. whose bottom is engaged by thecam or tappet 4 on said cam shaft 3. Mounted in the tappet cup 26 is a cup follower member f 21 that has driving engagement with the lower portion of the plunger and that also has a driving engagement with said tappet cup as by means of notches 28 in the follower member that straddle upwardly extending tongues 29 on said tappet member.

The tappet cup 26 also has driving engagement with a rotary sleeve 30 mounted in the upper portion of said vertical bore and having a portion of its periphery toothed, as at 3|, to cooperate with the teeth of a rack 32 mounted in a longitudinal recess in said housing l. Said toothed driving sleeve may be provided with .a cap 33 at its upper end, said cap having a retaining tongue 33a bent into a recess 34 in the upper end of the outer wall of said driving sleeve 30. A

spring 35 is interposed between the sleeve retaining cap 33 and the cup follower 21, so that the driving sleeve 30 is held upwardly in the housing and said cup follower and the tappet cup 26 are held downwardly in thehousing. Preferably, the driving connection between the tappet cup 26 and the driving sleeve 30 comprises the projecting tongues 29 on said cup and cooperating grooves 3B in the outer face of said sleeve. l

As shown in Figs. 1 and '1, the plunger 6 has areversely tapered portion 31 of reduced diameter, whose middle or smallest portion is substantially square in cross-section. A split bush or sleeve 38 is mounted on the lower end of the plunger and has a squared upper end that' ts the squared portion 31 of said plunger and forms a driving connection therewith. The follower cup 21 has a central annular boss 21a that is squared to iit the bush 38 and thus form a. driving connection between said bush and the tappet cup 2B.

As shown in Figs. 10, 11 and 12, the reversely tapering reduced portion of the plunger may beprovided with serrations 39 that cooperate with internal serrations 40 in the two half rings of a bush 38a to form the driving connection between said bush and said plunger.

'The housing I is provided with a longitudinal lubricant passageway 4I above the bottom chamber 2, said passageway opening into the vertical bore for each tappet cup. As shown in Fig. 7, a peripheral groove 42 communicates with this longitudinal passageway and extends around each tappet cup26. Thus oil is fed onto the periphery of each tappet cup and the reciprocation of said cup causes the oil to work upwardly and downwardly. Some of the upwardly working oil passes into the follower member 21 and thence through holes 43 in the bottom thereof into the tappet cup 26 which is also provided with holes 44 through its bottom so that the oil may work its way onto the tappet member 4.

In the modification shown in Figs. 13 to 1 5, the tappet cup 26a is provided with upwardly extending tongues 29a that slidably engage downwardly opening notches 36a. provided therefor in the regulating sleeve 30a. Said sleeve is held upwardly in the bore provided therefor in the pump housing l a by means of a screw 45 thatis threaded into the wall of said housing with its inner end seated within a groove 34a provided therefor in said sleeve. A direct driving connection is formed between the tappet cup 26a and the plunger 6a by means of a squared or flat-sided head 46 at the lower end of said plunger that seats within a similarly shaped recess 41 provided therefor-in the bottom of said tappet cup. The lower end of the plunger retracting spring 35a. bears against a plate 48 which is slipped over the working end of the plunger and bears against a collar 49 provided therefor on said plunger just above the squared end portion 46 thereof.

The above described construction has many advantages. It is very simple and it provides an eifective drive for rotating the piston. The parts are adequately lubricated including the tappet mechanism and the wear will be distributed over the bottom of the tappet cup by reason of its oscillating movement. The fuel discharge valve is mounted directly in the head of the cylinder and the cylinder is accurately positioned and is held against rotary movement in either direction.

Obviously, numerous changes may be made without departing from the spirit of my invention and, therefore, I do not wish to be limited to the precise arrangement shown and described.

What I claim is: l

1. A fuel injection pump comprising a housing, a cylinder therein, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder and projecting therebelow, a sleeve member rotatably mounted in said housing con- 1 centric with said cylinder, a tappet cup member secured to the projecting portion of said piston below and in endwise alinement with said sleeve, and a tappet for actuating said tappet cup, the wall of one of said sleeve and tappet cup members having circumferentially spaced'longitudinal extensions that engage correspondingly spaced recesses in the other of said members, so as to permit relative axial movement but prevent relative rotary movement of said members.

2. A fuel injection pump comprising a housing, a cylinder therein, a piston reciprocable in said cylinderA and projecting therebelow, a sleeve rotatably mounted in said housing concentric with said cylinder, a cup member secured to the projecting portion ,of said piston, a tappet cup in which said cup is nested and interlocked, and a tappet for actuating said tappet cup, said sleeve and said tappet cup having cooperating tongue and slot portions permitting relative axial movement but preventing relative rotary movement.

3. A fuel injection pump comprising a housing, a cylinder therein, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder and projecting therebelow, said pis- -ton having a reversely tapered reduced portion on its projecting lower end portion, a sleeve rotatably mounted in said housing concentric with said cylinder, a follower cup fixed on said reduced portion of said piston, and a tappet cup in which said follower cup is nested and interlocked, said sleeve and said tappet cup having cooperating tongue and slot portions permitting relative axial movement but preventing relative rotary movement.

4. A fuel injection pump comprising a housing, a cylinder therein, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder and projecting therebelow, said projecting portion of said piston being generally of the same size as the portion thereof in said cylinder and having a portion of reduced size, a bush nonrotatably xed on said reduced portion and a cup nonrotatably xed on said bush, a tappet cup in which said cup is nested and .interlocked and means for rotating said -tappet A fuel injection pump comprising a housing, a cylinder therein, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder and projecting therebelow, said projecting portion of said piston being generally of the same size as the portion thereof in saidcylinder and having a portion of reduced size, a bush nonrotatably fixed on said reduced Vportion and a cup nonrotatably iixed on said bush, a-

sleeve rotatably mounted in said housing concentric withsaid cylinder, a tapped cup in which said cup is nested and interlocked and a tappet for actuating said tappet cup, said sleeve and said tappet cup having cooperating tongue and socket portions permitting relative axial movement but preventing relative rotary movement.

6. A fuel injection pump comprising a housing, a cylinder therein, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder and projecting therebelow, said projecting portion of said piston being generally of the same size as the portion thereof in said cylinder and having a tapered portion of reduced size, a tapered bush nonrotatably fixed on said reduced portion and a cup nonrotatably fixed on said bush, a tappet cup in which said cup is nested and interlocked, a sleeve rotatably mounted in said housing concentric with said cylinder, said sleeve and said tappet cup having cooperating tongue and slot portions, and a spring pressing said sleeve upwardly and said cup and tappet cup downwardly.

7. A fuel injection pump comprising a housing, a cylinder therein, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder and projecting therebelow, said .piston having a reversely tapered reduced portion on its projecting lower end portion, a split bush nonrotatably mounted on said reversely tapered reduced portion of said piston, a sleeve rotatably mounted in said housing concentric with said cylinder, a cup nonrotatably connected with said bush for rotary and axial movement therewith; said sleeve and said cup having cooperating tongue and slot portions permitting relative axial movement but preventing relative rotary movement, a cap closing the top of said sleeve, a spring interposed between said cap' and said cup, forcing said sleeve upwardly and said cup downwardly and means formoving said cup upwardly.

8. A fuel injection pump comprising a housing, a cylinder therein, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder and projecting therebelow, a sleeve rotatably mounted in said housing concentric with said cylinder, a cup` operatively connected with said piston for rotary and axial movement therewith, said sleeve and said cup having cooperating portions permitting relative axial movement but preventing relative rotary movement, a cap xed to the top of said sleeve, a spring interposed between said cap and said cup, forcing said sleeve upwardly and said cup downwardly and means for moving said cup upwardly.

9. A fuel injection pump comprising a housing, a cylinder therein, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder and projecting therebelow, said piston having a reversely tapered reduced portion on its projecting lower end portion, a split bush nonrotatably mounted on said reversely tapered reduced portion of said piston, a sleeve rotatably mountedin said housing concentric with said cylinder, a follower cup nonrotatably connected with said bush for rotary and axial movement therewith, a tappet cup in which said follower cup is nested and interlocked, a tappet engaging the underside of said tappet cup, said sleeve and said tappet cup having cooperating tongue and slot portions permitting relative axial movement but preventing relative rotary movement, a cap closing the top of said sleeve and a. spring interposed between said cap and said follower cup, forcing said sleeve upwardly and forcing said follower cup downwardly to hold said tappet cup in engagement with the tappet.

10. A fuel injection pump comprising a housing, a cylinder therein, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder and projecting therebelow, said piston having a reversely tapered reduced portion on.its projecting lower endportion, a sleeve rotatably mounted in said housing concentric with said cylinder, a follower cup nonrotatably mounted on said reduced portion of said piston, a tappet cup in which said follower cup' is nested and interlocked, a tappet cooperatingfwith said tappet cup, said sleeve and said tappet cup having cooperating tongue and slot portions permitting relative axial movement but preventing relative rotary movement, a cap mounted in the top of said sleeve, said sleeve having a notch near its top and said cap having a securing tongue extending into said notch thereby holding said cap on said sleeve and closing the end of said sleeve and a spring interposed between said cap and said follower cup, forcing said sleeve upwardly and forcing said follower cup downwardly to hold said tappet cup in engagement, with the tappet.

11. A fuel injection pump comprising a housing, a cylinder therein, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder and projecting therebelow, a sleeve rotatably mounted in said housing concentric with said cylinder, means connecting said sleeve and said piston permitting relative axial movement but preventing relative rotary movement, a cap mounted on top of said sleeve, said sleeve having a notch near its top and said cap having a securing tongue extending into said notch thereby holding said cap on said sleeve, and a spring interposed between said piston and said sleeve with its upper end in engagement with said cap and with-its lower end in engagement with a portion of said connecting means.

12. A fuel injection pump comprising a housing, a cylinder therein, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder and projecting therebelow, a sleeve rotatably mounted in said housing concentric with said cylinder, a tappet cup secured to the projecting portion of said piston below and in endwise alinement with said sleeve, and a tappet for actuating said tappet cup, the outer face of said sleeve being provided with circumferentially spaced longitudinal grooves and the upper end of said tappet cup being provided'with correspondingly spaced upwardly extending tongues that slidably engage said grooves, thereby permitting relative axial movement but preventing relative rotary movement of said sleeve and tappet cup.

13. A fuel injection pump comprising a housing provided with a bore, a cylinder supported in the upper end portion of said bore, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder and projecting therebelow, a sleeve journaled in said bore, a tappet cup nonrotatably secured to the projecting portion of said piston below and in endwise alinement with said sleeve and rotatably supported in said bore, and a tappet for actuating said tappet cup, the opposing ends ofthe wallsof said sleeve and said tappet cup being provided with cooperating tongues and notches permitting relative axial movement but preventing relative rotary movement of said sleeve and said tappet cup l