US2125340A - Oxidation of titanous salts - Google Patents
Oxidation of titanous salts Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2125340A US2125340A US58256A US5825636A US2125340A US 2125340 A US2125340 A US 2125340A US 58256 A US58256 A US 58256A US 5825636 A US5825636 A US 5825636A US 2125340 A US2125340 A US 2125340A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- titanium
- solution
- oxidation
- trivalent titanium
- trivalent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 title description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 32
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 32
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 20
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000005749 Copper compound Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000001880 copper compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000003608 titanium Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011260 aqueous acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SOBXOQKKUVQETK-UHFFFAOYSA-H titanium(3+);trisulfate Chemical compound [Ti+3].[Ti+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SOBXOQKKUVQETK-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G23/00—Compounds of titanium
- C01G23/04—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C01G23/047—Titanium dioxide
- C01G23/053—Producing by wet processes, e.g. hydrolysing titanium salts
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the oxidation of dissolved trivalent titanium salts by means of elemental oxygen and a catalyst, the latter being, particularly, copper.
- Titanous salt solutions such as titanous chloride or particularly titanous sulfate are, under certain conditions, relatively easy to oxidize by means of elemental oxygen or atmospheric air, for example, when the titanium content of such solutions is rela tively very low and when the solutions are neutral or nearly neutral. If, however, the titanium solution is such as is produced under the usual conditions of manufacture the behavior is entirely difierent and the titanium in the titanous state is extremely difficult to oxidize by means of elemental oxygen or atmospheric air.
- the solutions of titanium salt prior to the hydrolysis step contain from 150 grams to 275 grams of titanium in solution. From 99.5 per cent to 98.0 per cent of such titanium is in the titanic state with from 0.5 per cent to 2.0 per cent in the titanous state. Furthermore, such solutions contain relatively large quantities of free sulfuric acid, from 150 grams to 300 grams of HzSO4 per liter. It is under conditions such as these that the oxidation of trivalent titanium content of such solutions by means of elemental oxygen or atmospheric air is extremely diflicult and too time consuming to be practical on a commercial scale.
- a process for oxidizing trivalent titanium to tetravalent titanium comprising contacting a trivalent titanium containing acid solution with a gaseous oxidizing medium from the group consisting of oxygen and air in the presence of a slight amount of an added copper salt as a catalyst and maintaining said solution during such contact at a temperature of substantially 45-50 C.
- a process for oxidizing trivalent titanium to tetravalent titanium comprising adding a slight amount of a copper compound to an acidic titanium salt solution prepared for hydrolysis, and thence subjecting the same to the oxidizing action of air.
- a process for oxidizing trivalent titanium to tetravalent titanium comprising introducing a gaseous oxidizing medium from the group consisting of oxygen and air into an acidic solution containing trivalent titanium and a small amount of a catalytic copper compound previously added to said solution.
- a process for oxidizing trivalent titanium to tetravalent titanium comprising introducing a gaseous oxidizing medium from the group consisting of oxygen and air into an acidic solution containing trivalent titanium and a small amount of a catalytic copper salt previously added to said solution.
- Patent 110 2,125, L 0, August 2, 19
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Description
Patented Aug. 2, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE OXIDATION OF TITANOUS SALTS 'No Drawing. Application January 9, 1936, Serial No. 58,256
'7 Claims.
The present invention relates to the oxidation of dissolved trivalent titanium salts by means of elemental oxygen and a catalyst, the latter being, particularly, copper. Titanous salt solutions such as titanous chloride or particularly titanous sulfate are, under certain conditions, relatively easy to oxidize by means of elemental oxygen or atmospheric air, for example, when the titanium content of such solutions is rela tively very low and when the solutions are neutral or nearly neutral. If, however, the titanium solution is such as is produced under the usual conditions of manufacture the behavior is entirely difierent and the titanium in the titanous state is extremely difficult to oxidize by means of elemental oxygen or atmospheric air.
For example, in titanium oxide manufacture the solutions of titanium salt prior to the hydrolysis step contain from 150 grams to 275 grams of titanium in solution. From 99.5 per cent to 98.0 per cent of such titanium is in the titanic state with from 0.5 per cent to 2.0 per cent in the titanous state. Furthermore, such solutions contain relatively large quantities of free sulfuric acid, from 150 grams to 300 grams of HzSO4 per liter. It is under conditions such as these that the oxidation of trivalent titanium content of such solutions by means of elemental oxygen or atmospheric air is extremely diflicult and too time consuming to be practical on a commercial scale.
I found, however, that if the solution contains small amounts of a copper salt, elemental oxygen will readily oxidize trivalent titanium compounds to tetravalent titanium. I found, for instance, that when atmospheric air is bubbled through strong acid solutions containing trivalent titanium no oxidation of the trivalent titanium takes place, particularly at temperatures below C. If a, copper salt, however is present in the solution air will readily oxidize the trivalent titanium to tetravalent titanium even at room temperature and as the temperature is raised the speed with which oxidation takes place increases tremendously. The amount of copper salt needed as a catalyst in this reaction, is very slight, and it is usually sufilcient to suspend some copper oxide in the acid solution and very little copper is dissolved. For practical use of this reaction I prefer to carry it out at somewhat elevated temperature, as between 45 and 50 C. This type of reaction has many other practical applications in processes where small amounts of trivalent titanium present in a tetravalent titanium salt solution are desired to be oxidized, such as disclosed in an application by Carlton E. Smith, Serial No. 58,257 filed at even date herewith.
I claim:
1. In an acid process of oxidizing trivalent titanium to tetravalent titanium the step of contacting a solution containing trivalent titanium with elemental oxygen in the presence of a small amtount of an added copper compound as a catalys 2. In a process of oxidizing trivalent titanium to tetravalent titanium the step of bubbling air through an aqueous acid solution of trivalent titanium containing a small amount of an added copper compound as a catalyst.
3. In a process of oxidizing the trivalent titanium in an acid solution containing a major proportion of tetravalent titanium and a minor proportion of trivalent titanium, the steps of adding a small amount of a copper compound as a catalyst to said solution and contacting said solution with elemental oxygen.
4. A process for oxidizing trivalent titanium to tetravalent titanium, comprising contacting a trivalent titanium containing acid solution with a gaseous oxidizing medium from the group consisting of oxygen and air in the presence of a slight amount of an added copper salt as a catalyst and maintaining said solution during such contact at a temperature of substantially 45-50 C.
5. A process for oxidizing trivalent titanium to tetravalent titanium, comprising adding a slight amount of a copper compound to an acidic titanium salt solution prepared for hydrolysis, and thence subjecting the same to the oxidizing action of air.
6. A process for oxidizing trivalent titanium to tetravalent titanium, comprising introducing a gaseous oxidizing medium from the group consisting of oxygen and air into an acidic solution containing trivalent titanium and a small amount of a catalytic copper compound previously added to said solution.
'7. A process for oxidizing trivalent titanium to tetravalent titanium, comprising introducing a gaseous oxidizing medium from the group consisting of oxygen and air into an acidic solution containing trivalent titanium and a small amount of a catalytic copper salt previously added to said solution.
CHARLES R. HAGER.
CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION.
Patent 110., 2,125, L 0, August 2, 19
CHARLES R. HAGER.
It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of, the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 1, second column, line 6, claim 1,. for the words "an acidprocess read a process; line 8,v same claim, for "a solution" read an acid solution; and that the said Letters Patent shouldbe read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.
Signed and sealed this 27th day of September, A, D. 1958.
Henry Van Arsdale (Seal) I Acting Commissioner of Patents. v
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US58256A US2125340A (en) | 1936-01-09 | 1936-01-09 | Oxidation of titanous salts |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US58256A US2125340A (en) | 1936-01-09 | 1936-01-09 | Oxidation of titanous salts |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2125340A true US2125340A (en) | 1938-08-02 |
Family
ID=22015657
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US58256A Expired - Lifetime US2125340A (en) | 1936-01-09 | 1936-01-09 | Oxidation of titanous salts |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2125340A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2589909A (en) * | 1949-03-24 | 1952-03-18 | New Jersey Zinc Co | Production of titanium dioxide |
| US2589910A (en) * | 1949-03-24 | 1952-03-18 | New Jersey Zinc Co | Production of titanium dioxide |
| US2980508A (en) * | 1955-12-05 | 1961-04-18 | Nat Lead Co | Oxidation of trivalent titanium compounds contained in solid titaniferous materials |
| US2990250A (en) * | 1958-11-25 | 1961-06-27 | Nat Lead Co | Method for oxidizing trivalent titanium in solid titanium oxide containing materials |
-
1936
- 1936-01-09 US US58256A patent/US2125340A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2589909A (en) * | 1949-03-24 | 1952-03-18 | New Jersey Zinc Co | Production of titanium dioxide |
| US2589910A (en) * | 1949-03-24 | 1952-03-18 | New Jersey Zinc Co | Production of titanium dioxide |
| US2980508A (en) * | 1955-12-05 | 1961-04-18 | Nat Lead Co | Oxidation of trivalent titanium compounds contained in solid titaniferous materials |
| US2990250A (en) * | 1958-11-25 | 1961-06-27 | Nat Lead Co | Method for oxidizing trivalent titanium in solid titanium oxide containing materials |
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