US2123235A - Apparatus for the manufacture or treatment of textile materials - Google Patents

Description

H. DREYFUS 2,123,235 FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF TEXTILE MATERIALS I July 12, 1938.

AIPPARATUS Filed June}, 1936 HENRY DREYFUS //WEN7OR v f ,MW

ATTORNEYS Patented July-12,1938 I I v A UNITED STATES PATENT orrics APPARATUS won me mmrmcruan on murmur or TEXTILE MATERIALS new Dreyfus, London, England Application June a, 1936, Serial No. 83,272

In Great Britain June 12, 1935 1 Claims. (01. 117-2) This invention relates to apparatus for the thread members is in a wet condition. Part or manufacture or treatment or filaments, threads, all of the connecting member and/or the thread yarns and the like, and particularly crepe and member advantageously have walls of a metal, other threads containing filaments of cellulose h r x mp 8 099B brass; which 18 0f 5 acetate. good conductivity. For example the connecting 5 U. 8. Patents Nos. 2,088,587 and 2,088,628 demember may put a Ions tube of narrow bor scribe a new process for the production of crlil e the connecting member d/0r the ad threads of cellulose acetate filaments by which member may be provided with cooling fins or there may be obtained crepe effects of excelribs, or both these features may be employed.

n lence hitherto unattained by such materials. The I have found that the best results are obprocess comprises subjecting the threads to the tained by providing a pressure drop between each action of steam, under conditions such that thread member and the common steam chamber moisture is present, during the application of and by maintaining a sufllcient pressure in the the crepe twist, as by applying steam, under the steam chamber or by employing a steam chamsaid conditions, to the travelling thread over at her of sufliciently large-:diameter to permit the 15 least a portion of that part oi its track in which passage of steam largely in excess or the retwisting actually takes place. The process enables quirernents of the thread members connected to cellulose'acetate crepe threads to be produced the steam chamber. which have an average strength very much The pressuredrop may be brought about by greater than that of cellulose acetate crepe any convenient means. Thus, for example, tubes 20 threads produced by a simple twisting operation of the same dimensions and of small cross-secwitholit steaming during twisting, characteristic time may be inserted in each connection, or a conoi th new process. Further, apart from the strictlon may be made in each connection, the great advantage that the resulting in passage left through the constric having t e fabric made therefrom is strot: the same dimensions in each connection. Advan- 25 operation itself is greatly facilitated in that eously. however, the pressure drop is capable twisting may be accomplished satisiactorily of adjustment by the operator. One method of under conditions of twist and spindle s which, securing a pressure drop capable oi adjustment in the absence of the steaming step, would give is to insert in each connection a similar diato 'rise to frequent thread breakage. phr constituted by a plate of standard thick- The subjection of the thread to the action oi ness pierced by holes of varioussizes. A change I the steam may be carried out in operations in in the pre drop is obtained by movement of which the crepe twist is applied in more than the diap w u by the operator so that the steam one'stage, the steam being applied at least in the is passed through a larger or smaller hole in the stage in which there is applied the final amount diaphragm. A further method oi ob :w 1 it a of twist necessary to impart the crepe property pressure drop which can be adjusted by the to the thread. operator is to insert a needle valve in each con- 1 have found that apparatus which may be emnection. When a perforated diaphragm, valve ployed' for steaming travelling filaments, threads, or other form of constriction is used it should be 40 yarns and the'like advantageously consists oil a spaced apart from the thread member and adin steam chamber, a hollow member, hereinafter vantageously is adjacent to the steam chamber. referred to as the thread member, through which The steam chamber may be of any convenient the thread to be steamed may be passed and dimensions sufllcient to ensure-an adequate suphaving an inlet and outlet for the thread, and ply of steam toeach of the connections to the a member connecting the st ii I": chamber to the thread members, steam being admitted at one or 45 thread member, and aiiordlng passage to steam both ends of the chamber and/or at one or more from the steam chamber to the thread member. points alongits length. In general pressures of In general a plurality of thread members will be it or 1 'up to 5, 10, 15 or even 30 lbs. per square supplied with steam by acommon steam chamber, inch or more may be maintained in the steam the threads to he steamed being passed through chamber during operation. Where the chamber 50 the thread members while steam is being passed is small, higher pressures may be employed than into these members. y when the chamber is large. For instance. pres- Prelerably the connecting member and/or the sures of 5 to 30 lbs. per square inch may be thread member have sumcient surface exposed employed with a steam chamber consisting of a to the atmosphere to ensure that the steam in the pipe having an internal diameter of it". 55

The thread members are preferably of small circular cross-section (e. g. of from to inch internal diameter) and made of a metal, such for example as copper or brass, which is of good conductivity.

The length of passage of the thread through the steam depends upon the duration of the steaming treatment required. For example, where the thread passes'at'a speed of about 2 metres per minute, a three-inch passage through the steam has been found to give satisfactory results. Lengthier treatments may, however, be employed, as for example by passing the thread at the said speed through six to twelve inches of steam or more. The thread member provided for the passage of the thread is therefore of sufficient length to give the required period of treatment. To give the same period of treatment with high speeds the length of the passage is proportionately greater. Where the inlet or outlet openings are in the bottom of the thread member, the opening may have a wall or rim projecting into the member so as to prevent water collecting in the member escaping by this opening. A suitable drain may be provided to lead this water from the thread member. 7

Condensation of the steam. in the connections and in the thread members ensures that moisture is present. This is an important feature of the new apparatus, which thus overcomes difficulties due to the tendency of the steam to become superheated by expansion from a higher to a lower pressure. At the same time the convenience of using a comparatively high supply pressure is retained. The steam chamber itself may, however, be lagged to minimize condensation otherwise than in the connecting and thread members.

One construction of the apparatus of the invention, when fitted on a twisting machine comprising a plurality of fairly closely spaced twisting spindles, comprises a steam-pipe of say or /3" internal bore extending over the length occupied by a number of spindles and connected by copper pipes of small diameter e. g. each fitted with a needle valve, to a series of narrow vertical pipes open at each end, and set in such a position above each spindle that the threadsfrom the spindles are conveniently passed through A of the steam pipe and each connecting pipe.

When in operation, each thread member is disposed on a twisting machine at a suitable point in the track of a thread from a twisting spindle to the winding device. For example, each member may be disposed so that the inlet opening for a thread is substantially in line with a vertical.

twisting spindle. If desired, the said inlet opening may actually form theguide usually disposed above the spindle to receive the thread drawn over the end of the package rotating with the spindle. 'I'hus the twisting device may be of the kind in which a device is provided to restrict the ballooning of the thread, for example a flyer or other floating ring device as described in Patent No. 1,784,581. The thread may, therefore, proceed direct from the flyer or floating ring device or from the surface of the package direct to the inlet opening of the thread member, provided such opening is disposed substantially in line with the twisting spindle at a-suitable distance from the spindle.

There may, however, be an additional guide disposed between the thread member and the top of the spindle, in which case the thread may enter the thread member at a distance of, say to 3 inches, e. g. 1 to 2 inches, from the said fixed guide. Preferably the twisted thread proceeds directly from the outlet opening of the thread member to the traverse guide of the take-up device. Therefore, with the thread member disposed so that its inlet opening forms a fixed guide above the twisting spindle and its outlet opening arranged to conduct the thread direct to the traverse guide of the take-up device, the steaming operation may be carried out with relatively little deviation of the thread.

If desired a ring twisting device may be used in which case the thread passes through the thread member and is steamed on its way to the twisting spindle. The thread is thus twisted while under the influence of steam.

One construction according to the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in

which Fig. 1 is a front elevation of apparatus for steaming yarn while inserting twist therein;

.Fig. 2 is a cross-section showing the steaming device in greater detail and taken along the axes of the connecting member and the thread member;

Fig. 3 is a'modification of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1.

Referring to Fig. 2, the steaming device consists of a steam-pipe l of about inch bore, into which is screwed a plug 2 having a channel 3 for the passage of steam and a filter 4 of wire gauze to prevent passage of rust and other solid matter. Screwed into the plug 2 is a second plug 5, to which is soldered a copper connecting tube 6, having a length of 1% to 3 inches and an internal diameter of about 1 inch fitted with cooling fins 1. Passage of steam from the steam-pipe l to the connecting tube 6 is controlled by means of the adjustable needle 8 mounted in the plug 5 and seating in the hole l2. A copper tube 9, having a length of about 3 inches and an internal diameter of inch is soldered onto, the end of the connecting tube 6 at right-angles thereto and permits of passage of travelling thread through the steam supplied to it from the steam-pipe l by way of the needle valve 8 and the connecting pipe 6. Porcelain collars I0, II are provided at the two ends of the copper tube 9 to reduce chafing of the thread in entering and leaving the tube.

Fig. 1 illustrates an arrangement suitable for steaming yarn while inserting twist therein. Yarn 20 is twisted as it is drawn off, through a floating ring 2|, from a bobbin 22 mounted on a vertical spindle 23, as is more fully described in Patent No. 1,784,581. The yarn leaving the, twisting device is passed direct to the lower end of the vertically disposed copper thread member 9 of the steaming device illustrated in Fig. 2 and described above, the porcelain collar ll thereof being arranged vertically above the spindle 23 and thus serving as a thread guide for the twisting device. The steamed and twisted thread emerges from the steaming device at H) and is taken up by a suitable winding device (not illustrated) as described in Patent No. 1,784,581 above.

The steam-pipe is provided with a plurality of steaming devices, as illustrated and described above, spaced along its length, the lower end. of each thread member 9 being similarly vertically disposed over the spindle of a twisting device as described above.

Fig. 3 illustrates an arrangement similar to .that or Fig. 1, but modified by the provision of an Treatment 01' yarns of viscose silk in this way permits of the production of materials of increased tenacity and crping power. The apparatus may also be employed in the stretching of travelling threads in the presence of wet steam, by the processes described in British Patent No. 438,584. Such a stretching may, for example, be carried out while. inserting in the threads a comparatively low degreeof twist, say under 10 turns per inch, for example 2 to 5 turns per inch.

Having described my invention what I desire to secure by Letters Patent is:-'-

1. Apparatus tor steaming travelling textile filaments and threads, comprising a steam supply chamber, a hollow thread member for passage or the material to be steamed, a connecting member joining said steam chamber to said thread mem her, and means adapted to cool steam passing through said connecting member and to ensure in said thread member a supply of steam cooled to saturation.

2. Apparatus for steaming travelling textile fllaments andthreads, comprising a steam supply chamber, a hollow thread member for passage of the material to be steamed and, joining said steam chamber to said thread member, a connecting member comprisinga tube having walls of material of good thermal conductivity and having sufflcient surface exposed to the atmosphere to ensure in the thread member a supply of steam cooled to saturation.

3. Apparatus for steaming travelling textile filaments and threads, comprising a steam supply chamber, a hollow thread member :tor pae of the material to be steamed, and a tube connecting said steam chamber to said thread member, said tube having a constriction at a point in its length spaced apart from the thread member.

4. Apparatus for steaming travelling textile filaments and threads, comprising a steam supply chamber, a plurality of hollow thread members for passage of the materials to be steamed, and a tube joining each thread member to the steamsupply chamber, said tubehaving a constriction at a point in its length spaced apart from the thread member.

5. Apparatus for steaming travelling textile fllaments and threads comprising a steam supply chamber, a hollow thread member for passage of the material tobe steamed, and, joining said steam chamber to said thread member, a connecting member having, adjacent to the. steam chamber, an adjustable constriction and comprising a liong tube of small cross sectional area adapted to cool steam passing therethrough and to ensure in the thread member a supply or steam and moisture,

6. Apparatus for steaming a thread during the insertion of twist therein, comprising a hollow thread member for the passage of thread undergoing twisting, a steam, supply chamber, a con-' necting member joining said steam chamber to said thread member, means adapted to cool steam passing through said connecting member and to ensure in said thread member a supply of steam cooled to saturation, and a twisting spindle arranged to insert twist in the thread while the latter is'under the influence of the steam in the thread member.

" 7. Apparatus for steaming a thread during the insertion of twist therein, comprising a twisting spindle, a tubular thread member for the passage of thread undergoing twisting by rotation of said spindle and disposed substantially coaxially with the spindle so that twist is insertedwhile the thread is in the thread member, a steam supply chamber, a connecting member joining said steam chamber to said thread member, and means adapted to cool steam passing through said connecting member and to ensure in said thread ,member a supply of steam .cooled to saturation.

rmmar DREYFUS.

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